균체외단백질 생산균 Bacillus brevis P176-2 균주의 동정과 배양조건

채기수,엄경일 東亞大學校大學院 1991 大學院論文集 Vol.16 No.-

Identification and influence of the cultural conditions upon extracellular protein production by Bacillus brevis P176-2 isolated from soil were investigated. The morphological, physiological and cultural characteristics of strain P176-2 were studied according to the methods of Bergey's manual. Based on the results obtained in thses experiments, strain P176-2 was identified as Bacillus brevis. The extracellular protein ws efficiently produced when added to 1.0% peptone as nitrogen source. Optimum initial pH and temperature for extracellular protein production were 7.5 and 40℃ respectively. Higher concentration of magnesium ion stimulated growth, but prevented extracellular protein production. Optimum concentration of potassium phosphate was found to be 0.2%. This strain produced 5.38mg/ml of extracellular protein when cultured for 48 hours under optimum conditions. The extracellular protein produced under optimum conditions contained relatively large amounts of aspartic acid, lysine and arginine, but cystine and methionine were very low.

전기천공법에 의한 Bacillus brevis P176-2의 형질전환

채기수,엄경일 東亞大學校附設基礎科學硏究所 1993 基礎科學硏究論文集 Vol.10 No.1

균체외단백질 생성균 Bacillus brevis P176-2 균주를 pUB110 plasmid DNA로 전기천공법에 의한 형질전환을 시도하여 본 방법의 유효성과 최적조건을 검토하였다. 본 실험에 사용한 전기천공 장치로 전장강도 12.5kV/㎝, capacitor 용량 7.3㎌의 조건하에서 고전압 pulse를 세포에 가했을 때 가장 높은 형질전환율(1.26× 10⁴/㎍ plasmid DNA)을 나타내었으며 세포 생존율은 10% 정도이었다. 세포의 생육도가 ??에서 약 1.2정도로 증식하였을 때 세포를 수확하여 형질전환 시키는 것이 가장 좋았으며 그 이상의 생육도에서는 세포의 생존율은 증가되었지만 형질전환율은 낮아졌다. 전강강도 12.5kV/㎝, capacitor용량 7.3㎌ 조건의 pulse를 세포에 2회 연속적으로 가할 때 최대의 형절전환율(2.40× 10⁴/㎍ plasmid DNA)을 보였다. 세포의 생존과 pulus의 지속시간에 영향을 주는 electroporation burrer는 7 mM HEPES(pH 7.4), 272mM sucrose 및 1mM MgCl₂을 함유하는 buffer를 사용하여 세포를 수확하고 현탁하여 형질전환할 때 형질전환율과 세포 생존율이 가장 높았다. 세포현탁액에 첨가되는 plasmid DNA의 농도가 10㎍/ml일 때 까지는 농도에 비례하여 형질전환율이 높아졌으나 그 상의 농도에서는 비례하지 않았다. The optimum conditions and mechanisms for the plasmid-mediated genetic transformation of intact cells of bacillus brevis P176-2, an extracellular protein producing bacterium, by electroporation were investigated. It was found that pUB110 plasmid DNA can be introduced into intact bacterial cells by electroporation. The frequency of transformation by this electroporation system depended upon the initial electric field strength, the capacity of the clectric discharge capacitor, growth stage, number of successive pulses and composition of electroporation buffer. It was effective for transformation that cells were harvested, washed and resuspended with HSM[7mM HEPES(pH 7.4), 272mM sucrose, 1mM MgCl₂] electroporation buffer when cell growth was attained to 1.2 at ?? A maximum frequency of transformation of 2.40× 10⁴ transformants per ㎍ plasmid DNA was obtained by two succesive pulses with an initial electric field strength of 12.5kV/㎝ and with a capacitance of 7.3㎌. Key words : Bacillus breves, pUB110, plamid DNA, transformation, electroporation.

스테로이드가 신생 흰쥐 해마형성체 신경원의 퇴행에 미치는 영향

임경택,채희선,김성수,김경용,이원복 중앙대학교 의과대학 의과학연구소 1998 中央醫大誌 Vol.23 No.1

The influences of adrenal corticosteroid on the development and regression of the neurons of hippocampal and dentate were examined in the steroid overloaded neonatal rats. The results obtained were as follows. The regression occurred naturally in numerous dentate granule cells and hippocampal pyramidal cells, which was the apoptotic process. The apoptotic granule cells in dentate gyrus decreased in number with steroid overload, and this change was more prominent at 6 days than at 4 days. The decrease in the number of apoptotic neurons by steroid overload occurred only in the upper limb of dentate gyrus at 6 days. The gradient of regression in dentate gyrus had no relation with the gradient of neurogenesis, and the regression of hippocampal pyramidal cells decreased in the gyrus but not in CA regions. In conclusion, the cell death occurred in neurons of hippocampal formation, which was the process of apoptosis. The adrenal corticosteroid seemed to be influential significantly on the development and regression of the neurons.

노인의 영적 간호요구

최미혜,김경희,김귀옥,김기숙,김수강,김정신,김춘숙,노흥진,박지연,성혜연,오명선,이선희,이원옥,이윤영,이현수,장명재,차혜경,채정선,홍상희 중앙대학교 의과대학 간호학과 간호과학연구소 2001 중앙간호논문집 Vol.5 No.1

This study was designed to exam the aged's needs for spiritual nursing care. The purpose was to serve as a basis for the development of spiritual nursing practice. The major findings are as follows : 1. The degree of needs for spiritual nursing care as area was that needs of love and relationship mean 22.0, needs of meaning and object mean 28.2, needs of forgiving mean 13.5. Total needs for spiritual nursing care mean 63.7, which was on the upper middle level. The needs of meaning and object was rated highest. 2. Among the general characteristics of the subjects, needs of love and relatiohship wasn't significanlty different. 3. Among the general characteristics of the subjects, needs of meaning and object was significantly different according to two factors : age(F=7.260, p=0.001), religion(F=5.275, p=0.001). Higher needs of meaning and object was possessed by the older than the younger, by the one who have religion than the other. 4. Among the general characteristics of the subjects, four factors made a significantly difference to needs of forgiving : sex(t=-2.851, p=0.006), age(F=8.201, p=0.001), religion(F=6.928, p=0.000), disease(t=2.327, p=0.024). Higher needs of forgiving was possessed by man than woman, by the older than the younger, by the one who have religion than the other, by the one who have disease than the other.

빈발재발성 미세변화 신증후군환아에서 발생한 다발성 뇌경색증

조성옥,한헌석,차상훈,이경희,박범수,하태선,채수안 충북대학교 의과대학 충북대학교 의학연구소 1995 忠北醫大學術誌 Vol.5 No.2

신증후군에서는 동맥 및 정맥의 혈전에 의한 혈전색전증의 위험이 높다. 이는 혈 중 응고인자 Ⅰ, Ⅱ, Ⅶ, Ⅷ, Ⅹ등의 증가와 뇨소실로 인한 antithrombin Ⅲ의 감소, 섬유소 용해계의 변화, 혈소판 응집력의 증가에 기인하며 그 외 스테로이드 투여, 이뇨제 투여, 저체액 상태도 관여한다고 생각하나 이런 과응고현상에 대한 정확한 병태생리는 규명되고 있지 않다. 저자들은 내원 21개원 전 처음 신증후군 증상을 보였고 신장 조직 검사상 미세변화 신증후군으로 진단을 받고 스테로이드와 면역 억제제를 사용하였으나 6개월에 3-4회의 재발을 보이던 중 내원 1달 전 보호자 자의로 모든 약물 복용을 중단한 채로 지내다가 고열과 반혼수 상태를 보여 내원한 7세 남아에서 다발성 뇌경객증을 발견하였기에 문헌 고찰과 함께 보고하는 바이다. The risk of thromboembolism by arterial or venous thrombosis is high in the nephrotic syndrome. This may be due to the increased serum concentrations of the factor Ⅰ, Ⅱ, Ⅶ, Ⅷ, Ⅹ etc, decrease of antithrombin Ⅲ due to urinary loss, the change of thrombolytic system, increase in the platelet aggregation capacity, the use of steroid, diuretics, and hypovolemic state. But, the pathophysiology of this hypercoagulable state has not been clear. A 7-year- old boy had been diagnosed as having frequently relapsing minimal change nephrotic syndrome, 21 months ago. In spite of the administration of prednisolone and cytoxan, he had presented recurrent proteinuria in the frequency of 3-4 times per 6 months. From 1 month prior to visiting emergency room, his parents discontinued his medications, therefore, he showed fever and semicomatous mental status. In brain MRI study, multiple cerebral infarcts were noted. So, the authors report a case of multiple cerebral infarcts in a patient with frequently relapsing minimal change nephrotic syndrome with a brief review of related literature.

151종 생약제 추출물이 B형 간염 바이러스 표면 항원(HBsAg)과 항체(HBsAb)의 결합반응 그리고 HBV DNA polymerase 활성에 미치는 효과 : 한국산 각종 생약제를 이용한 B형 간염치료제의 개발

정태호,김정철,김문규,이인선,채성철,김승래,정준모,이인수,김승호,함경수 慶北大學校 醫科大學 1992 慶北醫大誌 Vol.33 No.3

세계인구 43억명 중 B형 간염 바이러스 보균자는 2억 1천 5백만명이며 이중 78%인 1억 6천만명 이상이 아시아 대륙에 집중되어 있다. 한국도 B형 바이러스 간염의 침윤지대이다. 본 연구는 B형 바이러스 보균자 혹은 만성간염을 치료할 수 있는 생약제를 탐색할 목적의 일환으로 한국에서 시판하는 생약제 151종을 구입하여 증류수로 추출하고 여과한 후 냉동건조하여 HBs 항원에 대한 결합능, HBV DNA polymerase억제능, tumor necrosis factor(TNF) 유리에 미치는 영향, 그리고 galactosamine 유발 간염에 대한간장보호 작용을 조사하였다. 151종의 생약제중 0.16㎍/㎖ 농도에서 간염 vaccine 내에 함유된 HBs 항원과 결합하는 생약제는 지유, 가자, 복분자, 대황, 정향, 빈량, 산수유, 소목, 마황, 쇄양, 후박, 목과, 양강, 오약, 산사, 목단피 등 16종이었다. 이들 생약제중 대황(Rheum palmatum L. 大黃), 가자(Terminalia chebula R. 訶子), 지유(Sanguisorba officinalis L. 地楡), 복분자(Rubus coreanus M. 覆盆子)는 HBV DNA polymerase 활성도를 비교적 강하게 억제하였으며 빈량(Areca catechu L. 빈랑), 정향(Eugenia caryophyllata T. 丁香), 목과(Chaenomeles japonica L. 木瓜), 산수유(Cornus officinalis S. 山茱萸)는 약하게나마 HBV DNA polymerase 활성을 억제하였다. 또한 HBV DNA polymerase를 억제한 대황, 가자, 지유, 복분자, 빈량, 정향, 마황, 소목, 산수유를 대상으로 TNF 유리에 미치는 영향을 조사한 결과 소목을 제외한 8종의 생약제 모두가 대식세포를 자극하여 TNF를 유리시켰다. 그리고 장차 임상에 사용함을 전제로 HBV DNA polymerase를 억제한 대황, 가자, 지유, 복분자, 빈량, 정향, 마황, 소목, 산수유를 galactosamine 유발 간염(백서)에 투여하여 간기능 검사에 미치는 효과를 조사하였으나 간기능 검사상으로는 특별한 보호작용을 나타내지 못하였으며 생약제 단독 투여로서는 간기능에 대하여 나쁜 영향을 주지 않았다. Hepatitis B virus infection is major cause of acute and chrome hepatitis, cirrhosis of liver, and hepatocellular carcinoma. There are over 200 million carriers of hepatitis B virus in the world, nearly 80 % of whom live in the South East Asia, Korea is also highly endemic area of hepatitis B virus infection. This study was performed to evaluate the effect of extracts of traditional Korean herbal medicines on hepatitis B virus. 151 traditional herbs were extracted, filtered and lyophilized. Using 151 herbal extracts we tested binding capability to the HBs Ag, inhibition of HBV DNA polymerase, release of tumor necrosis factor (TNF), and protection against galactosamine induced liver damage. Among 151 herbs, 16 herbs (Sanguisorba officinalis L., Terminalia chebula R., rubus coreanus M., Rheum palmatum L., Eugenia caryophyllata T., Areca catechu L., Cornus officinalis S., Caesalpinia sappan L, Ephedra sinica S., Cynomorium songaricum R., Machilus thunbergii S., Chaenomeles japonica L., Alpinia officinarum H., Lindera strychnifolia V., Crataegus pinnatifida B., Paeonia suffruticasa A. ) had binding capability to HBs Ag which contained in the commercial hepatitis vaccine, at 16 ug/㎖ of concentratioa Among the above 16 herbs, Rheum palmatum L., Terminalia chebula R., Sanguisorba officinalis L., Rubus coreanus M. significantly inhibited the HBV DNA polymerase activity, and Areca catechu L., Eugenia caryophyllata T., Ephedra sinica S., Caesalpinia sappan L., Chaenomeles Japonica L., Cornus officinalis S. also inibited the HBV DNA polymerase activity but less effective. All of the herbs, except Caesalpinia sappan L., which inhibited the HBV DNA polymerase activity, actively stimulated the mononuclear cells to release tumor necrosis factor(TNF) in whole blood culture system. The herbs which inhibited the HBV DNA polymerase activity, did not show any protective effect in galactosamine-induced hepatitis in rats, but there was no direct toxic effect when herbs were administered alone.

한국인 직무 스트레스 측정도구의 개발 및 표준화

장세진,고상백,강동묵,김성아,강명근,이철갑,정진주,조정진,손미아,채창호,김정원,김정일,김형수,노상철,박재범,우종민,김수영,김정연,하미나,박정선,이경용,김형렬,공정옥,김인아,김정수,박준호,현숙정,손동국 大韓産業醫學會 2005 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.17 No.4

Background and Purposes: Over the past three decades, numerous studies performed in Korea have reported that job stress is a determinant risk factor for chronic diseases and work disability. Every society has its own culture and occupational climate particular to their organizations, and hence experiences different occupational stress. An occupational stress measurement tool therefore needs to be developed to estimate it objectively. The purpose of this study is to develop and standardize the Korean Occupational Stress Scale (KOSS) which is considered to be unique and specific occupational stressors in Korean employees. Subjects and Methods: Data were obtained from the National Study for Development and Standardization of Occupational Stress (NSDSOS Project: 2002-2004). A total of 12,631 employees from a nationwide sample proportional to the Korean Standard Industrial Classification and the Korean Standard Occupational Classification were administered. The KOSS was developed for 2 years (2002-2004). In the first year, we collected 255 items from the most popular job stress measurement tools such as JCQ, ERI, NIOSH and OSI, and 44 items derived from the a qualitative study (depth interview). Forty-three items of KOSS, in the second year, were retained for use in the final version of the KOSS by using Delphi and factor analysis. Items were scored using conventional 1-2-3-4 Likert scores for the response categories. Results: We developed eight subscales by using factor analysis and validation process: physical environment (3 items), job demand (8 items), insufficient job control (5 items), interpersonal conflict (4 items), job insecurity (6 items), organizational system (7 items), lack of reward (6 items), and occupational climate (4 items). Together they explained 50.0% of total variance. Internal consistency alpha scores were ranged from 0.51 to 0.82. Twenty-four items of the short form of the KOSS (KOSS-SF) were also developed to estimate job stress in the work setting. Because the levels of the subscales of occupational stress were gender dependent, gender-specific standard norms for both the 43-item full version and the 24-item short form using a quartile for the subscales of KOSS were presented. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that KOSS might be an appropriate measurement scale to estimate occupational stress of Korean employees. Further and more detailed study needs to be conducted to improve the validity of this scale.

A biocompatible implant electrode capable of operating in body fluids for energy storage devices

Chae, Ji Su,Heo, Nam-Su,Kwak, Cheol Hwan,Cho, Wan-Seob,Seol, Geun Hee,Yoon, Won-Sub,Kim, Hyun-Kyung,Fray, Derek John,Vilian, A.T. Ezhil,Han, Young-Kyu,Huh, Yun Suk,Roh, Kwang Chul Elsevier 2017 Nano energy Vol.34 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Implantable electronic medical devices (IEMDs) can potentially be used to solve various clinical problems including the monitoring of chronic diseases and electro-organ transplantation. Several recently introduced techniques based on implantable devices that exploit novel metal- or carbon-based hybrid materials are biocompatible owing to their encapsulation in nontoxic polymers. However, such techniques limit the correct functioning of implantable devices, resulting in frequent replacement, difficult miniaturization, and inflammatory side effects in the body. Here, we describe a new technique for application to IEMDs that is capable of providing energy storage using the natural ions of body fluids as electrolytes in a supercapacitor (or ultracapacitor). The system is constructed with a solar cell for energy harvesting and a supercapacitor for energy storage. We assembled IEMDs with two biocompatible electrodes, specifically, MnO<SUB>2</SUB> nanoparticles affixed to multi-walled carbon nanotubes as the positive electrodes and phosphidated activated carbon as the negative electrodes. From the obtained result, this work can be further extended to the use of rats. This technique avoids the problems of performance degradation and toxicity that normally limits the reaction that is permissible in extracellular fluid. We present this concept schematically. The two biocompatible electrodes were successfully implanted into the subcutaneous layer of a rat's skin with both electrodes showing stable performance in use as parts of a supercapacitor. These findings establish a platform for potential biocompatible materials for implantable energy storage devices.</P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

EDN1 Expression as a Novel Biomarker for Predicting Sorafenib Responsiveness in Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma

( Jae-kyung Won ),( Su Jong Yu ),( Chae Young Hwang ),( Joong-won Park ),( Won-mook Choi ),( Hyeki Cho ),( Eun Ju Cho ),( Jeong-hoon Lee ),( Kyung Bun Lee ),( Yoon Jun Kim ),( Kyung-suk Suh ),( Ja-jun 대한간학회 2016 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2016 No.1

Aims: Predictive biomarkers for sorafenib in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) are still not available, despite the modest benefit of sorafenib. We present a novel and sensitive biomarker that can predict the responsiveness to sorafenib. Methods: A candidate biomarker was found through differential mRNA expression analysis between sorafenib-sensitive and resistant cell lines from The Cancer Cell Line Encyclopedia (CCLE), a public data base. It was tested with in vitro shRNA experiments for its effect to sorafenib-resistance. Consecutive patients with HCC who had undergone sorafenib treatment were included from a prospective cohort and the test set (n=48) and the validation set (n=46) were established. Specimens were archived before sorafenib treatment and a candidate marker was evaluated by the quantitative digital analysis algorithm for immunohistochemistry with regard to their association with response assessment by mRECIST, time to progression (TTP) and overall survival (OS). Further, we performed additional validation study using serum samples before sorafenib treatment obtained from different set of HCC patients (n=40). Results: Endothelin-1 (EDN1, ET-1) was the only differentially expressed molecule between sorafenib-sensitive and resistant cell lines. Knock-down of EDN1 in HCC cell line increased sorafenib sensitivity. In test set, low EDN1 expression group showed significantly better response to sorafenib (non-progressive disease) compared to high EDN1 expression group (72.7% versus 2.7%, respectively; P<0.001). With the same criteria for the validation set, EDN1 expression maintained predictability for sorafenib responsiveness. Survival analysis showed that high EDN1 expression was an independent prognostic factor for poor OS (hazard ratio [HR〕, 2.374; 95% confidence interval [CI〕, 1.051-5.360; P=0.037) and short TTP (HR, 1.907; 95% CI, 1.085-3.350; P=0.025) after sorafenib treatment. We confirmed our results in serum samples of another set. Conclusions: EDN1 expression can distinguish responders to sorafenib and can be a useful predictive biomarker for sorafenib in HCC.

난치성 소아 간질에서의 케톤생성 식이요법

고경남(Kyung Nam Koh) 박수연(Su Yeon Park) 임병찬(Byung Chan Lim) 강호석(Ho Seok Kang) 이경연(Kyung Yeon Lee) 황희(Hee Hwang) 채종희(Jong Hee Chae) 최지은(Ji Eun Choi) 김기중(Ki Joong Kim) 황용승(Yong Seung Hwang) 대한소아신경학회 2004 대한소아신경학회지 Vol.12 No.1

목적 : 케론생성 식이요법은 소차의 난치성 간질의 유효한 치료 방법 중 하나다. 저자들은 소아난치성 간질에서의 케톤생성 식이요법의 효과 및 부작용, 적용 간질 증후군의 유형 및 예후를 알아보고자 본 연구를 시행하였다. 방법 : 서울대학교 어린이병원 소아과에서 치료받던 난치성 간질 환자 중 1998년 8월부터 2003년 3월 사이에 케톤생성 식이요법을 시작한 57명(남자:31명, 여자: 25명)을 대상으로 후향적 연구를 시행하였다. 케톤생성 식이요법의 전반적인 효과와 식이요법의 시작 나이, 경련 유형, 초기 금식이 효과에 미치는 영향, 식이요법의 부작용과 중단 원인을 조사하였다. 결과 : 식이요법 시작 시의 환자의 평균 연령은 3.5±2.8세였으며, 평균 3.14±1.24개의 항경련제를 복용하고 있었다. 식이요법 시작 1개월 째에 49명(86.0%)의 환자가 케톤생성 식이요법을 유지하고 있었고, 이 중 37명(64.9%)의 환자가 50% 이상의 경련 감소 효과를 보였다. 6개월까지 식이요법을 유지한 25명(50%)의 환자 중 14명(28%)이 경련이 완전히 억제되었으며 22명(44%)이50% 이상의 경련 감소 효과를 보였다. 12개월까지 식이요법을 유지한 환자는 15명(34.9%)으로, 14명(32.6%)이 90% 이상의 경련 감소 효과를 보였다. 경련 유형, 초기 금식 여부, 식이요법 시작 시의 나이에 따른 효과의 유의한 차이는 보이지 않았다. 식이요법을 중단하는 원인은 효과가 낮거나 식이에 잘 적응을 하지 못한 경우가 대부분이었다. 결론 : 케톤생성 식이요법은 소아의 난치성 간질에 있어서 비교적 안전하면서도 효과적인 치료수단이다. Purpose : Ketogenic diet(KD) is an alternative treatment for children with intractable seizures. This study was performed to evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of ketogenic diet Methods : A retrospective study was performed for 57 patients(31 males, and 25 females), who were enrolled in a ketogenic diet program from 1998 to 2003 in Seoul National University Children´s Hospital. We investigated the overall efficacy, influencing factors such as age at diet onset, seizure type, initial fasting, adverse events and reasons for discontinuing the diet. Results : The patients mean age at diet onset was 3.5 years old. They had 3.14 medications on average at the diet initiation. One month after the diet initiation, 49 of 57(86%) remained on KD, with 37(64.9%) having more than 50% seizure reduction rates. At 6 months, half of the patients remained on KD, with 14(28%) seizure free and 22(44%) having more than 50% seizure reduction rates. At 12 months, 15 patients(34.9%) remained on KD, with 14(32.6%) having more than 90% seizure reduction rates. Seizure types, initial fasting and age at diet onset were not statistically related to the outcomes. There were a few complications during the diet. The most common reasons for discontinuing KD were ineffectiveness and poor tolerability. Conclusion : Ketogenic diet appears to be a relatively effective and safe treatment option for children with intractable epilepsies.