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Influence of Panax ginseng on Alpha-Adrenergic Receptor of Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia
김수강,정주호,이병철,이상원,이강효,김영옥 대한배뇨장애요실금학회 2014 International Neurourology Journal Vol.18 No.4
Purpose: Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is the most common prostate problem in older men. The present study aimed to investigate the inhibitory effect of Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer (P. ginseng) on a rat model of testosterone-induced BPH. Methods: The rats were divided into 3 groups (each group, n=10): control, testosterone-induced BPH (20 mg/kg, subcutaneous injection), and P. ginseng (200 mg/kg, orally) groups. After 4 weeks, all animals were sacrificed to examine the blood biochemical profiles, prostate volume, weight, histopathological changes, alpha-1D adrenergic receptor (Adra1d) mRNA expression, and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and B-cell CLL/lymphoma 2 (BCL2) protein expression. Results: The group treated with P. ginseng showed significantly lesser prostate size and weight than the testosterone-induced BPH group. In addition, P. ginseng decreased the mRNA expression of Adra1d as well as the expression of EGFR and BCL2 in prostate tissue. Conclusions: These results suggest that P. ginseng may inhibit the alpha-1-adrenergic receptor to suppress the development of BPH.
김수강,김영옥,이병철,유구한,정주호 대한배뇨장애요실금학회 2014 International Neurourology Journal Vol.18 No.1
Purpose: Inflammation and infection have been associated with the pathogenesis of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Toll-like receptors (TLRs) play key roles in the innate immune system and initiate the inflammatory response to foreign pathogens. We investigated the relationship between TLR10-1-6 gene cluster polymorphisms and BPH. Methods: We genotyped four promoter single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) (TLR10, rs10004195; TLR1, rs5743557; and TLR6, rs1039560 and rs1039559) by directly sequencing (233 BPH patients and 214 control subjects). SNPStats and Haploview version 4.02 were used to analyze the data. Multiple logistic regression models (log-additive, dominant, and recessive) were performed to determine odds ratios (ORs), 95% confidence intervals (CIs), and P-values. Results: The genotype and allele frequencies of each SNP was not different between the BPH and control groups (P>0.05). Haplotype analysis showed no association between the haplotype in the linkage disequilibrium (LD) block and BPH (P>0.05), although the LD block was constructed. Conclusions: These results indicate that the TLR10-1-6 gene cluster may be not associated with the development of BPH in the Korean population.
김수강,양승애 대한스트레스학회 2010 스트레스硏究 Vol.18 No.3
The methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) is a key enzyme in metabolism of folate. To examine MTHFR gene and its relation to obesity in Korean population, 209 overweight/obese and 160 healthy control subjects were enrolled in this study. Three single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs, rs1537514, rs11559040, and rs1801133) in exon region and seven SNPs (rs3818762, rs12121543, rs1994798, rs6541003, rs4846052, rs17037396, and rs17367504) in intron region of MTHFR gene were selected. Genomic DNA was extracted from peripheral blood, and the genotyping was performed using Affymetrix targeted genotyping chip array. For analysis of genetic data, SNPStats, HelixTree, SNPAnalyzer, and Haploview version 4.2 softwares were used. Multiple logistic regression models (codominant 1, codominant 2, dominant, and recessive models) were performed for odds ratio (OR), 95% confidence interval (CI), and p value. To obtain the defined results, p values were recalculated by Bonferroni correction. After Bonferroni correction, genotype distributions of two SNPs showed significant associations with overweight/obese (rs1537514, OR=2.73, 95% CI=1.36∼5.47, p=0.030 in dominant model) (rs17367504, OR=2.63, 95% CI=1.39∼4.98, p=0.030 in codominant 1 model; OR=2.84, 95% CI=1.51-5.34, p=0.010 in dominant model). Alleles of rs1537514 and rs17367504 were associated with overweight/obese (rs1537514, OR=2.76, 95% CI=1.43∼5.36, p=0.030; rs17367504, OR=2.84, 95% CI=1.57∼5.15, p=0.010). Haplotype (CGACGCT) was also correlated with overweight/obese (chi square=9.312, p=0.002). These results indicate that MTHFR gene may be associated with obesity in Korean population. (Korean J Str Res 2010;18:237∼243)
Successful Combination Chemotherapy for Nasal Carcinoma in a Dog
김수강,조석호,김건,박희명,박상익,김태중,이창민 한국임상수의학회 2019 한국임상수의학회지 Vol.36 No.5
A Miniature Schnauzer presented with bilateral mucopurulent nasal discharge and sneezing. Computed tomography of the skull revealed exudates in the nasal cavity and frontal gyrus. Nasal swab cytology showed features of an epithelial-origin tumor. Histopathologic evaluation of the biopsy specimen revealed irregular proliferation of epithelial cells and necrotized tissue. Positive immunohistochemical staining confirmed the epithelial origin of the cells. The dog was diagnosed with nasal carcinoma and was treated with a chemotherapy protocol of carboplatin and piroxicam. This report confirms the effectiveness of combination chemotherapy only without radiotherapy in a dog with nasal carcinoma and provides a guideline for providing alternative treatment.
김수강,김문교,김기연,홍석만 한국통합생물학회 2017 Animal cells and systems Vol.21 No.6
To investigate how the immune system responds to tumor self antigens, we used enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) in B16 melanoma cells (B16-EGFP) and tested in the mouse lines expressing EGFP in thymic epithelial cells (3.1T-EGFP) or in antigen presenting cells (Get40), in comparison to the wild-type mouse. B16-EGFP cells were distinctively immunoedited in three mouse lines at the early phase, and the cells were completely eliminated only in the wild-type at the late phase, suggesting EGFP-specific tolerance is present in 3.1T-EGFP and Get40. The numbers of tumor-infiltrating T cells in all mouse lines were reversely correlated with the tumor sizes, suggesting dominant T cell mediated tumor elimination. When a soluble EGFP was immunized, surprisingly, the growth of B16-EGFP in Get40 mouse was promoted, while reduced in B6. Immunization did not make significant difference in the growth of tumors in 3.1T-EGFP. Detailed analyses showed the opposite directional changes in the numbers of B and CD8+T cells in B6 and Get40. In Get40 mice, the immunization significantly reduced the percentage of Gr1−CD11b+ cells, indicating that tolerance induction and breaking involve both adaptive and innate cells differentially. Therefore, the strategy for a cancer vaccine should be carefully considered on the types of antigen expressing cell.
김수강,박현경,최한성,유구한,정주호 대한배뇨장애요실금학회 2016 International Neurourology Journal Vol.20 No.4
Purpose: Recent studies have suggested that specific single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) contribute to the clinical features of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). In this study, we investigated the relationships of genetic polymorphisms of the epidermal growth factor (EGF) gene and the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) gene with BPH. Methods: A total of 218 patients with BPH were enrolled in this study. We evaluated the relationship between eight SNPs in the EGF and EGFR genes and prostate volume, prostate-specific antigen (PSA), and International Prostate Symptom Score of BPH patients. Each SNP was genotyped by direct sequencing. Statistical analysis applying codominant, dominant, recessive, and log-additive models was performed via logistic regression. Results: The rs11568943 and rs11569017 SNPs in the EGF gene showed significant associations with prostate volume (rs11568943: P=0.038 in the log-additive model, P=0.024 in the allele distribution; rs11569017, P=0.031 in the dominant model, P=0.028 in the log-additive model, P=0.020 in the allele distribution). Additionally, the rs3756261, rs11568943, and rs11569017 SNPs of the EGF gene and the rs2293347 SNP of the EGFR gene were associated with PSA levels (P<0.05 in each model, respectively). Conclusions: These results suggest that the EGF gene may affect prostate volume. In addition, the EGF and EGFR genes may be associated with PSA levels in patients with BPH.