서울의 Penicillinase Producing Neisseria gonorrhoeae 발생빈도(1998)

김재홍,김준호,반재용,이정우,황성주,정준규,정성태,강진문,조흔정,홍창의,정혜신,이한승,김이선,이봉길,이종호,선영우,한기덕,윤성필,이성훈,안종성,박석범,문승현,조항래,김형섭,류지호,황재영,박준홍,손상욱 한양대학교 의과대학 2001 한양의대 학술지 Vol.21 No.1

In recent years, gonorrhea has been pandemic and remains one of the most common STDs in the world, especially in developing countries. For the detection of a more effective therapeutic regimen and assessing the prevalence of Penicillinase Producing Neisseria gonorrhoeae(PPNG), we have been trying to study the patients who have visited the Venereal Disease Clinic of Choong-Ku Public Health Center in Seoul since 1980 by menas of the chromogenic cephalosporin method. In 1998, 93 strians of N. genorrhoeae were isolated, among which 60(64.5%) were PPNG. The prevalence of PPNG in Seoul, which had been decreased to 39% in 1996 after a peak of 74.3% in 1993, is increased to 64.5% in 1998.

술후 동통에 대한 케토프로펜 주사의 효능

황병연,박명식,이준모,송경진,이강욱,이승환 최신의학사 1993 最新醫學 Vol.36 No.2

도재면 전처리 방법이 도재-레진간 접착에 미치는 영향

황성욱 慶北大學校 齒科大學 1995 慶北齒大論文集 Vol.12 No.1

구강 내에서 이용 가능한 도재면의 전처리 방법이 도재-레진간 접착에 미치는 영향을 알아보기 위하여 도재표면을 저농도 불산에 의한 산부식법, 50μm Al_2O_3 입자를 사용한 sandblast법, diamond bur에 의한 표면처리법에 의해 각각 전처리한 한 수복레진을 접착시켜 접착강도값을 측정하고, 이 접착강도값과 전처리면의 표면 양상, 접착계면 양상, 파단면 양상등을 상호분석하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 전처리한 도재의 표면 양상으로는 불산으로 전 처리한 Ⅰ군에서 가장 불규칙하고 복잡한 표면소견을 보였다. 미세한 hole과 이들이 서로 연결된 형태인 micro-channel 의 양상을 뚜렷이 관찰할 수 있었으며, 형성된 함몰부는 대체로 둥근 형태를 가지고 있었다. 한편 sandblast 처리를 한 Ⅱ군에서는 불규칙한 미세한 함몰양사을 볼 수 있었으나 micro-channel 의 양상은 볼 수 없었다. 그리고 형성된 함몰부위는 불산부식군에 비해서 비교적 날카로운 형태를 보였다. Diamond bur로 전처리한 Ⅲ군에서는 sandblast 처리한 Ⅱ군과 유사한 형태의 함몰양상을 보였으나 Ⅱ군에 비해 상대적으로 조대한 함몰부위를 볼 수 있었다. 전단접착강도는 불산 부식한 Ⅰ군이 10.8±0.9MPa 로 가장 높았으며, 그 다음으로 Diamond bur 처리한 Ⅲ군이 7.21±1.35 MPa, sandblast 처리한 Ⅱ군이 4.96±1.78Mpa 로 가장 낮은 접착강도를 나타내었다. 파단면 양상은 접착강도값과는 상관없이 대체로 도재에서 응집파절되는 양상을 보였다. 각 군의 파단하중보다 낮은 정하중을 부여한 각 군 시편의 접착계면을 관찰해 본 결과 가장 낮은 전단접착 강도값을 나타낸 sandblast 처리군의 접착계면 하방에서 micro-crack 이 형성되어 있는것을 관찰할 수 있었다. 이러한 사실로 미루어 볼 때 기계적인 도재의 표면처리 시행시 처리과정에서 도재 내부에 잔류응력이 형성될 수 있으며 이로 말미암아 낮은 외부하중에 의해서도 쉽게 도재내부에서 응집파괴가 나타나 겉보기상의 접착강도가 얻어진 것으로 생각된다. The present study investigated the effectiveness of several surface pretreatment methods on the bonding of resin to dental porcelain. We used the BIS-GMA adhesive resin without the silane coupling agent. The #1,000 SiC paper ground porcelain specimens were treated with 9.5% hydrofluoric acid (HF) etching (Grup Ⅰ), 50μm Al_2O_3 snadblasting (Group Ⅱ), and diamond bur surface roughening (Group Ⅲ). The HF etching group showed the most irregular and retentive surface pattern, and micro-holes and micro-channels, which were connected by several micro-holes, were observed. The sandlasted group showe micro-retentive areas, but we could not observe micro-channels. The diamond bur surface roughening group showed a similar surface pattern to the sandblasted group, but it had relatively macroscopic irregularities. The HF etching group showed the highest shear bond strength, followed by the diamond bur surface roughening group and the 50μm Al_2O_3 sandblasting group. The majority of the specimens showed cohesive porcelain fracture regardless of their shear bond strength. The relationships among the surface pretreatment methods, the fractured surface finding, and shear bond strength were examined. It was revealed that the residual stress which was generated by the surface pretreatment procedures played an important role in producing porcelain cohesive fracture. To confirm these effects of residual stress on cohesive porcelain fracture, we loaded the stress, which was lower than the fracture stress of each group, on specimen and then removed the stress and cross-cut the specimen perpendicular to the bonding interface. We could observe micro-cracks within the porcelain layer of the sandblasted specimen. As a result, we understand that the residual stress which was generated by surface pretreatment procedure easily created micro-cracks under the lower external force, so the porcelain layer fractured cohesively under lower external stress.

경구용 액체약의 함유된 감미제의 종류와 함량

황민성,김정욱,이상훈 大韓小兒齒科學會 2001 大韓小兒齒科學會誌 Vol.28 No.4

치아우식증을 예방하기 위해 당분을 포함한 음식의 사용을 조절해야 한다는 것에는 동의하지만 어쩔 수 없이 인지되지 못한 체 액체약에 포함된 형태로 공급되는 상당량의 당분이 존재한다. 당분을 포함한 액체약을 장기간 복용할 때는 우식 발생의 위험성이 증가될 수 있다. 본 연구는 경구용 액체약을 처방받는 경우를 고려하여 약제를 통한 당분의 섭취량에 대한 정보를 얻어 치아우식증의 예방에 도움을 주고자 조사를 하였다. 본 연구는 서울대병원 어린이병원에서 처방된 경구용 액체약을 조사하여 소아 환아에서 흔히 사용되는 액체약의 목록을 구하였고, 현재 국내에서 시판되고 있는 액체약을 기준으로 각 제조사에 자료를 요청하여 생상중인 액체약에서 그 속에 함유된 감미제의 종류와 함량에 대해 조사하였다. 아동에서 흔히 사용되는 액체약은 진해거담제, 암모니아혈증 치료제, 항생제, 빈혈약, 진정제, 항히스타민제, 항전간제, 비마약성진통제의 순이었다. 액체약에 함유된 감미제의 평균함량은 52.3±22.4g/100ml이었다. 그리고, 액체약에 함유된 감미제 중 가장 많이 사용되는 것은 백당이었다. Though a consensus seems to exist about the regulation of the use of sugar-containing food, however, an unrecognized and significant supply of cariogenic carbohydrate remains in the form of sugar-containing liquid oral medicine to prevent dental caries, children who are taking long-term sugar-containing liquid medicine have an increased risk of developing dental caries. The aim of this study is to get the information about the sugars in liquid medicines prescribed for the children. To get the information, the number and date of all prescriptions of liquid medicines for one month at pediatric hospital of Seoul National University Hospital were investiagted. From tha tdata, the most frequently used pediatric oral liquid medicine is presented. Then, for the information of the type and contents of sweeteners in that preferred medicines, the manufactures of each medicines were asked for the data of sugar types and contents, and the informations about the medicine contents were collected via facsimile. The most frequently used pediatric oral liquid medicine were followed as expectorant, purge, antibiotic, drug for iron deficiency anemia, sedative, antihistamine, anticonvulsant, NSAIDs in order. The mean value of sweetener content in liquid medicines was 52.3±22.4g/100ml and most frequently used sweetener is sucrose.

이방향성 형상기억합금을 이용한 공동 주택용 방화 댐퍼 설계 연구

황성태,이찬희,장진수,변창수,히식수렝,이상욱 순천향대학교 산업기술연구소 2022 순천향 산업기술연구소논문집 Vol.28 No.2

The purpose of this paper is to redesign, compare, and study using bi-directional shape memory alloy spring to compensate for the shortcomings of the existing fire damper performance. Through the spring constant measurement experiment, using the difference in force between the coil spring and the shape memory alloy spring, the damper closes when the set temperature is reached, and opens again when the temperature is lowered. In addition, the internal structure was redesigned through smoke leakage experiments. As a result, semi-permanent usable dampers were modeled.

도재면 전처리 방법이 도재-레진간 접착에 미치는 영향

황성욱,김교한 대한치과기재학회 1996 대한치과재료학회지 Vol.23 No.2

The present study investigated the effectiveness of several surface pretreatment methods on the bonding of resin to dental porcelain. We used the BIS-GMA adhesive resin without the silane coupling agent. the #1,000 SiC pater ground porcelain specimens were treated with 9.5% hydrofluoric acid(HF) etching(Group Ⅰ), 50㎛ Al₂O₃sandblasting (Group Ⅱ), and diamond bur surface roughening(Group Ⅲ). The HF etching group showed the most irregular and retentive surface pattern, and micro-holes and micro-channels. The diamond bur surface roughening group showed a similar surface pattern to the sandblasted group, but it had relatively macroscopic irregularities. The HF etching group showed the highest shear bond strength, followed by the diamond bur surface roughening group and the 50㎛ Al₂O₃sandblasting group. The majority of the specimens showed cohesive porcelain fracture regardless of their shear bond strength. The relationships among the surface pretreatment methods. the fractured surface finding, and shear bond strength were examined. It were revealed that the residual stress which was porcelain cohesive fracture. As a result, we understand that the residual stress which was generated by surface pretreatment procedure easily created micro-cracks under the lower external force, so the porcelain layer fracture cohesively under lower external stress.

Epoxy-Amine-PGE系의 力學的 性質

황의훈,김상욱 서울市立大學校 1985 論文集 Vol.19 No.-

epoxy수지와 함께 경화제로는 ethylene diamine(EDA), hexamethylene diamine(HDA), diethylene triamine(DETA)등을 사용하였다. 한편 첨가제로 phenyl glycidyl ether(PGE)를 사용하여, 이의 함량변화에 따른 각 hardner system의 力學的 性質에 대한 效果를 實驗하였다. 이를 위해 여러 가지 경화조건과 혼합비율에 따라 인장특성과 충격강도등을 측정하여 이들의 함수관계를 알 수 있었고 또한 이 composites의 역학적 성질이 최적화되는 조건을 고찰하였다. The purpose of this study is to research into the effect of PGE(Phenyl Glycidyl Ether) on mechanical properties of Epoxy-Amine-PGE system. For measurement of the mechnical properties, tensile properties and impact strengths are measured in accordance with an ASTEM method. Mechanical properties of Epoxy-Amine-PGE system have been investigated as a function of PGE content. The properties of the network structure are predominantly controlled by appropriate choice of PGE content. Results are as follows; 1. In three amine hardener systems, tensile properties increased but impact strengths somewhat decreased as a PGE content was increasing. This result may be due to effect of PGE which decreases system cross-linking density as "chain stopper". 2. Tensile strengths of Epoxy-HDA-PGE system were higher than those of Eposy-EDA-PGE system as a whole. This result may be due to decreasing of cross-linking density in system with increasing of molecular weight of hardener. 3. In Epoxy-DETA-PGE system, tensile strength had a maximum value and impact strength had a minimum value at PGE-12 phr.

제주도 고등학교 학생들의 비만 유병률과 심혈과 위험인자

황승욱,김현주,홍성철,이상이 제주대학교 생명과학연구소 2002 제주생명과학연구 Vol.5 No.6

연구배경 : 최근 청소년 연령층의 비만이 급격히 증가하고 있으며, 비만 청소년들에 있어서 고혈압, 당뇨, 고지혈증이 조기에 발현될 뿐 아니라 성인비만과 성인병 발생의 주 원인이 되고 있다. 본 연구는 제주도내 고등학생들의 비만 유병률과 청소년 비만과 심혈간 위험인자인 혈압, 총콜레스테롤, 공복시혈당의 관련성을 알아보고 소아비만과 청소년 비만의 관련성을 조사하였다. 방법 : 연구대상은 제주도내 22개 고등학생 1학년 6,064명을 대상으로 하였고. 체격조사는1999년도 학교 신체검사 자료와 병원 건강검진 자료를 이용하였다. 비만에 대한 평가는 대한소아과학회에서 발행한 1998년도 한국소아표준치와 체질량 지수 두가지를 이용하였다 심혈관 위험인자로는 총콜레스테롤 수축기 혈압, 이완기혈압 공복시 혈당으로 하였으며, 배상자중 646명에 대해 과거 건강기록부를 열람하여 초등학생 때의 비만실태를 조사하였다. 결과 : 제주도 고등학생의 비만 유병률은 표준체중에 의한 비만 산출법으로는 남, 여학생 각각 12.6%, 13.3%이었고 체질량 지수에 의한 비만 위험군 및 비만 학생이 남, 녀 각각 12.7%, 13.4%로 나타났다. 지역에 따른 비만 유병률은 남학생의 경우 시 지역 12.9%, 군 지역 10.3%로 시 시역에서 비만 유병률이 유의하게 높았으며, 여학생의 경우 시·군지역 각각 12.9%, 14.2%이었으나 통계적 유의성은 없었다. 고등하교 계열에 따른 비만 유병률은 남학생의 경우 인문계 13.9%, 실업계 10.1%로 인문계가 유의하게 높았으나, 여학생의 경우는 통계적 유의성은 없었다. 비만 정도에 따른 심혈관 위험인자와의 관련성에서 남학생의 경우 수축기와 이완기혈압, 공복시혈당, 총콜레스테롤 수치가 비만 정도에 따라 유의한 차이를 보였으며(P<0.05), 여학생의 경우 공복시혈당을 제외한 나머지 변수에서 유의한 차이를 보였다. 체질량지수와 심혈간 위험인자간의 상관관계에서 남학생은 혈압, 공복시혈당 총콜레스테롤이 유의한 양의 상관관계를 보였으며, 여학생의 경우 공복시혈당 외에 다른 수치에서 유의한 양의 상관관계를 보였다. 연구대상자 중 646명에 대해 초등학교 1학넌 때의 비만실태를 추적한 결과 초등학생 비만이 고등학생 비만에 미치는 비교위험도가 남녀 각각 3.77, 2.16으로 유의하게 나타났다(P<0.05). 결론 : 제주도지역 고등학생들의 비만 유병률이 상당히 높게 나타났고, 청소년 비만과 심혈관 위험인자간의 관련성을 알 수 있었다. 또한 소아비만이 청소년 비만으로 상당수 이행되었으므로 소아 및 청소년기에 적절한 비만관리 프로그램이 요구된다. Background: Recently, adolescent obesity was increased and tended to become obese adults, facing increased risk for diabetes, cardiovascular disease. Even vefore reaching adulthood, adolescent, obesity already was experiencing hypertension, dyslipidemia, and diabetes mellitus. The purpose of this study was to find prevalence of obesity of high school students in Jeju island and association between obesity and cardiovascular risk factors and association between childhood obesity and adolescent obesity. Method: The study subjects were 6,064 students of twenty-two high school in Jeju island and health survey data was gathered from high school health examination data and hospital health examination data from Aug. 1999 to Dec. 1999. Adolescent obesity was evaluated by ideal body weight method in 1998 and body mass index. Cardiovascular risk factors were checked total cholesterol, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, fasting blood sugar. In 646 students, obesity at primary school is checked by primary school health record. Results: Prevalence of obesity in Jeju island high school students was 12.6% in male students, 13.3% in female students by ideal body weight method and Prevalence of obesity risk and obesity was 12.7% in male students, 13.4% in female student by body mass index. Prevalence of obesity of male students in city area and district area of Jeju island were each 12.9%, 10.3% and that of male students in city area was significantly higher. Prevalence of obesity of female students in city area and district area of Jeju island were each 12.9%, 10.3% and that of male students in city area was significantly higher. Prevalence of obesity of female students in city area and district area of Jeju island were each 12.9%, 14.2% and not significantly different. Prevalence of obesity of male students in general and commercial school group were each 13.9%, 10.1% and that of general school group was significantly higher. In female students, Prevalence of obesity general and commercial school group was not significantly different. Total cholesterol, systolic and diastolic blood pressure were significantly associated with degree of obesity in male and female students(P<0.05) and fasting blood sugar was only significantly associated with degree of obesity in male students (P<0.05). In 646students, Relative risk of obesity at primary school and that at high school in male and female students were 3.77, 2.66 and was significantly associated. Conclusion: Prevalence of obesity of high school students in Jeju island is very high and adolescent obesity was significantly associated with cardiovascular risk factors. Mostly childhood obesity tended to become adolescent obesity and program of control of obesity at childhood and adolescence is required.

서울 강서지역 1개 대학병원에서 성인 급성 신우신염의 원인균과 항생제 감수성

황병연,이재갑,박대원,이연주,김성범,엄중식,손장욱,정희진,김우주,김민자,박승철 대한감염학회 2003 감염과 화학요법 Vol.35 No.5

목적 : 3년간 서울시 강서지역의 1개 대학병원에서 입원치료를 받은 성인 급성 신우신염 환자를 대상으로 원인균과 항생제 감수성을 조사하고, 향후 급성 신우신염의 초기 경험적 치료 항생제를 제안하고자 하였다. 방법 : 1999년 1월부터 2001년 12월까지 3년간 고려대학교 의과대학 구로병원에 상부요로감염으로 내원한 16세 이상 환자 229명의 의무 기록을 검토를 통하여, 인구학적 특성, 원인균, 항생제 감수성, 초기 항생제 사용 양상과 입원기간을 조사하였다. 결과 : 연구에 포함된 229명을 118명의 단순 신우신염군과 111명의 복잡 신우신염군으로 구분 하였다. 단수 신우신염의 평균 발생 연령은 38.2세와 복잡 신우신염 56.1세로 복잡 신우신염 환자의 연령이 유의하게 높았다(P<0.001). 양군 모두에서 원인균 중 E. coli의 분리율이 가장 높았으며 항생제 감수성 결과 ampicillin, trimethoprim-sulfame-thoxazole에는 높은 내성률을 보였고, ciprofloxacin, gentamicin, cefotaxime에 대한 감수성은 비교적 높았으나 복잡 신우신염의 경우 단순 신우신염에 비하여 ciprofloxacin, gentamicin에 대한 감수성이 다소 낮은 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 평균 입원 기간, 항생제 투여 기간에 있어서도 복잡 신우신염군에서 유의하게 길었다. 결과 : 본 연구의 결과 서울의 강서 지역에서 대학병원급에 치료 의뢰되는 단순 급성 신우신염의 치료에 있어 1차 항생제로 3세대 cephalosporin, aminoglycoside, quinolone 중 한가지를 초기 경험적 치료제로 사용을 고려하여야 할 것으로 사료된다. Background : The purpose of this study is to recommend the initial therapeutic regimen for adult patients with acute pyelonephritis (APN) according to the changes of antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of causative microorganisms isolated from patients with APN. Methods : We reviewed medical charts of 229 APN patients, who had been treated at Korea University Guro Hospital from 1st of January. 1999 to 31st of December, 2001. We investigated the demographic data, clinical findings, durations of hospital treatment, antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of the causative microorganisms and initial antibiotic regimens in patients with APN. Results : In this study, 229 adult patients with APN were classified into simple APN patients (118 patients, 51.5%) and complicated APN patients (111 patients, 48.4%). Mean age of patients with simple APN was 38.2±14.1 years old and that of patients with complicated APN was 56.1±14.9 years old. Mean age of patients with complicated APN was significantly higher than that of simple APN patients (P<0.0001). Escherichia coli was the most common microorganism both in simple APN (96.7%) group and in complicated APN (90.6%) group. Antimicrobial susceptibility of E. coli was at the low level of ampicillin (31%/20%) and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (42.6%/34.2%) in each group. In contrast, ciprofloxacin (11.5%/22.7%), gentamicin (16.4%/22%) and cefotaxime (0%/8.2%) resistance remained at relatively lower level. In comparison of simple APN with complicated APN, ciprofloxacin and gentamicin resistances were higher in complicted APN group. Average duration of hospitalization (5.9±2.3 days/8.2±4.6 days) and duration of antibiotic use (12.1±3.9 days/15.3±10.0 days) were significantly longer in complicated APN. Conclusions: The results of this study suggests that 3rd cephalosporin, aminoglycoside or quinolone antibiotic would considered as one of the initial therapeutic regimen for patients with simple APN in southwestern Seoul.

韓國産 天南星科 植物에 關한 本草學的 硏究

황상욱,김태현,宋昊埈,辛民敎 한국전통의학연구소 1999 한국전통의학지 Vol.9 No.1

For the purpose of developing Korean Herbalogy with the plants of Araceae which grow wild and is planted in Korea, the these and writings on herbalogy, from literature of successive generations, have been thoroughly investigated and the results obtained were as follows: 1. There were totaled to 14 genera and 42 species in Korea and among them medicinal plants are 7 genera, 23 species, some 55% in total but, the number of species may be added because of the similiar plants. 2. According to the oriental names which can be used for medical purpose, the medicinal plants belonging to the Araceae family were classified as Rhizoma 20, Radix 10, Folium 4, Flos 3, Herba 1. Thus it was noticed that Rhizoma and Radix was the main kind. 3. According to sum of 42 species in Araceae family, they were classified into Arisaema genera 17, Acorus and Zantedeschia genera 4 each, Philodendron and Symplocarpus genera 3 each, Anthurium and Colocasia genera 2 each. Thus it was noticed that Arisaema genera was the main kind, some 40.5% in total. 4. According to nature and flavour of medicinal plants, they were classified into warmth and heat ; 25, cold and cool ; 3, balance 2 and unidentified 6. Thus it was noticed that warmth and heat is the main in nature and flavour of medicinal plants. 5. Comparing to whole medicinal plants 23 kinds, toxic drugs include minor toxin were 18 kinds, 78.3% of the whole. From this result, It was revealed that the plants for medical purpose in Araceae was 55% of the whole, in which RHIZOMA and RADIX was mostly abundunt. It is considered that many experiements and clinical approaches must be continued to use Araceae plants widely.