Comparison of Melanoma Subtypes among Korean Patients by Morphologic Features and Ultraviolet Exposure

( Hong Sun Jang ),( Jee Hung Kim ),( Kyu Hyun Park ),( Jae Seok Lee ),( Jung Min Bae ),( Byung Ho Oh ),( Sun Young Rha ),( Mi Ryung Roh ),( Kee Yang Chung ) 대한피부과학회 2014 Annals of Dermatology Vol.26 No.4

Background: Genetic alterations have been identified in melanomas according to different levels of sun exposure. Whereas the conventional morphology-based classification provides a clue for tumor growth and prognosis, the new classification by genetic alterations offers a basis for targeted therapy. Objective: The purpose of this study is to demonstrate the biological behavior of melanoma subtypes and compare the two classifications in the Korean population. Methods: A retrospective chart review was performed on patients found to have malignant melanoma in Severance Hospital from 2005 to 2012. Age, sex, location of the tumor, histologic subtype, tumor depth, ulceration, lymph node invasion, visceral organ metastasis, and overall survival were evaluated. Results: Of the 206 cases, the most common type was acral melanoma (n=94, 45.6%), followed by nonchronic sun damage-induced melanoma (n=43, 20.9%), and mucosal melanoma (n=40, 19.4%). Twenty-one patients (10.2%) had the chronic sun-damaged type, whereas eight patients (3.9%) had tumors of unknown primary origin. Lentigo maligna melanoma was newly classified as the chronic sun-damaged type, and acral lentiginous melanoma as the acral type. More than half of the superficial spreading melanomas were newly grouped as nonchronic sun-damaged melanomas, whereas nodular melanoma was rather evenly distributed. Conclusion: The distribution of melanomas was largely similar in both the morphology-based and sun exposure-based classifications, and in both classifications, mucosal melanoma had the worst 5-year survival owing to its tumor thickness and advanced stage at the time of diagnosis. (Ann Dermatol 26(4) 485~490, 2014)

랫드에서 인체 재조합 적혈구 조혈인자, rHuEPO의 13주 정맥투여 아만성독성에 관한 연구

김형식,곽승준,천선아,박현선,한하수,임소영,안미영,김원배,김병문,안병옥,홍성렬,이병무 성균관대학교 약학연구소 1998 成均藥硏論文集 Vol.10 No.1

A recombinant human erythropoietin (rHuEPO) was administered intravenously at dosage levels of 0, 100, 500, and 2500 IU/㎏/day for a period of 13 weeks. There were no observed clinical signs and deaths related to treatment in all groups tested. Decreases in body weight gain and food consumption were observed only in males of 2,500 IU/㎏ group after 2 weeks. In hematological parameters, erythrocyte content, hematocrit values and hemoglobin concentration were dose-dependently increased in rHuEPO treated groups. The ratio between kidney weight and whole body weight was significantly increased in females of 500 and 2,500 IU/㎏ groups. The spleen weight was also increased in both sexes of 500 and 2,500 IU/㎏ groups. However, the absolute weight change of other organs was not observed. In histopathological examinations, the renal tubular basophilia was observed only in males and females of 2,500 IU/㎏ groups. From these results, it is concluded that the no-observed adverse effect level(NOAEL) of rHuEPO is 100 IU/㎏ in rats in the present study.

S-542 Indomethacin aggravates the renal injury by inhibition of adenosine-medited renal protection in AKI

( Hyejung Kim ),( Sun-hee Kim ),( Mi Seon Kang ),( Park Seok Ju ),( Min Sung An ),( Ki Beom Bae ) 대한내과학회 2016 대한내과학회 추계학술대회 Vol.2016 No.1

Background: Ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) is a leading cause of acute kidney injury with high morbidity and mortality due to limited therapy. AKI emerges in various clinical settings and is complex with outcome linking oxidative stress, inflammation, and cell death. Therefore protection of AKI is still an unsolved problem. Indomethacin is generally known that it inhibits the production of prostaglandins through the inhibition both cyclooxygenase (COX) 1 and 2. Prostaglandins have a wide variety of effect such as regulation of vasodilation, inflammation, regeneration, pain, fever. Therefore effect of indomethacin in AKI is different according to injury model. We investigated whether indomethacin which inhibits the production of prostaglandins aggravate the renal injury in AKI mouse model. Methods: Male C57/BL6 mice (8-10 weeks old, weight 20~25 g) were used. Acute kidney injury is induced by bilateral kidneys pedicle clamping which were subjected to 20 min or 30 min at both kidneys. Mice were treated with indomethacin at before and after injury. Blood and kidney samples were collected at 24 hr after IRI. The expression level of creatinine, N-gal & Kim-1 were detected in serum. And the expression level of PGE2, cAMP and adenosine were detected in kidney. Kidney Injury score were measured by HE staining and TUNEL. Results: In bilateral AKI model, Serum NGAL level and creatinine level were significantly highest in indomethacin treated group compared to non-treated group (NGAL, p<0.05; creatinine, p<0.01). Indomethacin treated group showed significantly more necrosis and apoptosis compared to non-treated group. Furthermore, Indomethacine inhibited the production of prostaglandins, cAMP and adenosine. Conclusions: Indomethacin inhibits adenosine-mediated renal protection by inhibition of prostaglandin production in AKI. Therefore Indomethacin worsened renal injury by inhibition of prostaglandin production in AKI. * This research was supported by a grant of the Korea Health Technology R&D Project through the KHIDI, funded by the Ministry of Health & Welfare, Republic of Korea (grant number :H15C2212)

임대주택법 일부개정법률안의 문제

이순배(Lee, Sun-Bae),김재광(Kim, Jae-Kwang) 한국토지공법학회 2012 土地公法硏究 Vol.58 No.-

The bill, a partial amendment to the Housing Act, is submitted to the Land, Transport and Maritime Affairs Committee of the National Assembly at Congressman Kim Tae-ho’s proposal, with major support of tenants in Kim-hae area. It is argued that the amendment is written for the tenants. The amendment includes some new provisions and other partially amended provisions. The main contents are comprised of provisions regarding the recovery of the full amount of the National Housing Fund, the criteria for appraisal prices relating to the conversion of rental housing for sale and the upper limit, retrospective application of the criteria, approval by the head of a Si, the head of Gun, or the head of Gu of rental conditions, and relevant penal provisions. Those provisions are for lowering the appraisal prices relating to the conversion of rental housing for sale by changing the criteria and ultimately for promoting tenants who reside in public rental housing to own a home. The main point is to retrospectively apply the same criteria for appraisal prices relating to the conversion of rental housing for sale to ten-year public rental housing units, as applied to five-year public rental housing units. Because the appraisal prices relating to the conversion of rental housing for sale directly affects interests between a landlord and a tenant after the tenancy is terminated, it is necessary to analyze the criteria for appraisal prices relating to the conversion of rental housing units for sale, the upper limit, and the timing for the application of the appraisal prices, in terms of the objectives of policies for rental housing and impartiality between landlords and tenants. Especially, after the simulation of the upper limit of appraisal prices relating to the conversion of rental housing for sale in an area such as Pan-gyo where housing prices had dramatically risen, the result turned out that the real prices relating to the conversion of rental housing for sale, if the conversion is made after the termination of ten year rental period, is projected to range from 160 percent to 200 percent of the housing prices (construction cost) at the time of the recruitment of occupants. In cases of ten year rental housing units, since the profits of rental business operators are guaranteed for a rental period by law, the housing prices seems to rise higher. The more housing prices rise in the relevant area, the prices for the conversion of rental housing for sale seems to rise higher. Thus, it turned out that such increase deprived tenants of the opportunity to own a home. Also, the deprivation was against the objectives of the policies for rental housing. 이 논문의 분석대상이 된 임대주택법의 일부개정법률안은 김해지역의 임차인들이 주축이 되어 김태호의원의 대표발의로 국회의 국토해양위원회에 제출되었던 법률안이다. 그래서 임차인들을 위한 개정안이라고 주장하며, 그 주요내용을 보면, 국민주택기금의 전액 환수, 분양전환가격의 산정기준과 상한선 및 소급적 적용, 시장ㆍ군수ㆍ구청장의 임대조건 승인, 임대조건의 승인 및 그 벌칙에 관한 것을 일부 신설ㆍ개정하는 것이다. 주요내용들 중에서 분양전환가격을 산정하는 방식의 변경을 통해 분양전환가격의 인하를 유도하고, 궁극적으로 공공임대주택에서 거주하는 임차인들의 내집마련을 도모하고자하는 것이라고 볼 수 있다. 그 핵심적인 내용은 현재 5년 임대주택에 적용되는 분양전환가격의 산정기준과 상한선을 10년 임대주택에 대하여 동일하게 적용하되, 소급적으로 적용하려는 것이 특징이다. 임대기간 만료 후 분양전환을 할 때 산정되는 분양전환가격의 크기는 임차인과 임대인간의 이해관계에 직접적으로 영향을 미치는 사항이기 때문에 분양전환가격의 산정기준과상한선 및 그 적용시기를 임대주택정책의 목적 및 임차인과 임대인 간의 형평성 등의 관점에서 분석할 필요가 있다. 특히 주택가격이 크게 상승한 (판교)지역에 대한 분양전환가격의 상한선을 시뮬레이션을 해본 결과, 10년 임대기간 만료 후 분양전환이 될 경우 예상되는 실질 분양전환가격은 최초 입주자 모집당시의 주택가격(건설원가)의 160%~200%에 달하는 것으로 나타났다. 10년 임대주택의 경우, 임대기간 중 임대사업자의 이윤까지 보전해주면서 해당 지역에서 주택가격이 상승하면 상승할수록 실질 분양전환가격의 크기는 더욱더 크게 증가함으로써 사실상 임차인들의 내집마련 기회가 박탈되고, 이것은 결국 임대주택정책의 목적에 반하는 것으로 나타났다.

대유행인플루엔자 대비를 위한 의료기관-바탕 탁상훈련 : 고안 및 평가

설희윤,김지량,권보란,목정하,이선희,곽임수,정진우,김정수,고옥배,조은희,김성순,신상숙,이상원 대한감염학회 2008 감염과 화학요법 Vol.40 No.2

목적 : 의료기관의 범유행 인플루엔자에 대한 효과적인 대비를 위한 훈련방법으로서 의료기관-바탕 탁상훈련 (hospital based tabletop exercise)의 유용성과 순응도를 평가하기 위해서 시행되었다. 재료 및 방법 : 탁상 훈련은 부산대학교 병원에서 시행되었으며 병원의 주요의사결정권자 및 주요부서 대표자, 실무자 42명이 지휘부, 진료부, 지원부 3그룹으로 나뉘어 훈련에 참가하였다 탁상훈련의 시나리오는 의료기관의 자체 훈련을 위해서 고안하였으며 현재 동남아에서 유행하고 있는 H5N1 인플루엔자가 국내에 처음으로 유입되어 확산되는 과정에서 의료기관에서 발생할 수 있는 상황을 3가지 모듈로 구성하였다. 훈련 평가는 훈련 전후에 각각 익명의 설문조사를 시행하였다. 결과 : 훈련에 초청된 참여자 42명 중 37명(88%)이 실제 당일 훈련에 참여하였다. 훈련에 참여한 37명의 직원 중에서 훈련 전 시행한 설문에 27명(73%)이 응답하였다. 훈련 전 정가에서는 훈련을 통해 획득하고 싶은 지식이나 기술의 우선 순위를 물었으며, 참여자들이 가장 중요하다고 생각하는 항목은 대유행인플루엔자 바이러스에 대한 지식 향상 22%, 병원 각 부서가 취해야 할 계획 및 의사소통과 관련된 지식 향상 19%, 지역사회 병원들 간의 상호협력을 향상시킬 전략 계발이 19%이었다. 그룹토의 동안에는 환자의 조기 발견 이후 대응에 대한 토론이 많았지만, 구체적인 부분이 미흡하였고, 대유행 인플루엔자에 대한 기본적인 이해가 부족하였다. 훈련에 참여한 37명의 직원 중에서 훈련 후 시행한 설문에 21명(57%)이 응답하였다. 훈련 후 평가에서 탁상훈련의 전반적인 만족도에 대한 질문에서 81%가 만족하였다고 답변을 하였고, 새로운 것을 배우는데 유용했는가 대한 질문에도 86%가 유용했다고 답변하였다. 결론 : 탁상훈련은 의료기관의 대유행인플루엔자 대비에 효과적인 훈련방법이라고 생각되며 훈련을 통해 의료기관 내의 여러 부서들이 각 의료기관의 특성에 맞는 현실적이고 실제적인 대비 계획을 수립하는데 도움을 줄 것으로 기대된다. 그러나 향후 토른 촉진, 구체적인 결과에 도달을 유도할 수 있는 질문, 끼워넣기 개발, 적절한 시간 등에 대한 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각된다. Background : To evaluate the usefulness and compliance of a hospital-based tabletop exercise in setting of pandemic influenza in hospitals. Materials and Methods : Tabletop exercise was held in Pusan National University Hospital and forty two hospital employees were invited to participate in the exercise. The scenario for hospital-based tabletop exercise was designed. It consisted of three modules, which simulated the influx and outbreak of H5N1 influenza that was epidemic in Southeast Asia. Pre-, post-exercise surveys were completed by anonymous questions. Results : Thirty-seven (88%) of 42 invited participants attended exercise. AII members of the administration group and the ancillary services group participated. But, only 77% members of the clinical services group participated. In pre-exercise survey, priorities of eight goals regarding skills and knowledge during exercise were inquired., The highest priorities pointed out by the respondents were "Increase the knowledge of pandemic influenza" (22%), "Development of strategies for optimal communication among employees within specific department" (19%) and "Development of strategies for improved coordination between facilities within the health system" (19%). Twenty-one (57%) of participants completed the post-exercise surveys. At post-exercise surveys, 81% of the participants stated that the tabletop exercise was extremely or very useful, 86% of the participants also stated that it increased their knowledge of pandemic influenza. Conclusion : Tabletop exercise is an effective modality for increasing pandemic influenza preparedness in hospitals, and this method is useful for guiding preparedness activities within the hospital environment. Further studies to determine the appropriate method of discussion, questionnaire, duration of exercise and injection are needed.

경연 대회를 통한 초ㆍ중고생의 창의력 신장 효과에 관한 연구

이희복,육근철,류해일,김현섭,김희수,박달원,유병환,김선효,김여상,서광수,변두원,서명석,배성효,박종석,심규철,이성희 공주대학교 과학교육연구소 2001 과학교육연구 Vol.32 No.1

미래 사회를 대비하기 위한 개인의 개성을 존중과 창의적인 능력을 지닌 인간을 양성을 목적으로 충청남도 지역의 초 ㆍ 중고등학생들을 대상으로 한 창의력 경연대회가 공주대학교 과학교육연구소에서 개최되었다. 충청남도 초 ㆍ중 ㆍ 고등학생들을 대상으로 실시한 창의력 경연대회는 창조적 아이디어를 내어 스스로 문제를 해결해 나갈 수 있는 교육 프로그램을 제공하는 좋은 기회였음이 확인되었으나, 일부의 팀에서만 참신하고 재미있는 아이디어들이 제안되었다. 여학생의 참가자 수가 상당히 증가하였으며, 대체적으로 입상권의 학생들의 상당 부분이 여학생이라는 것이 특이할만하다. 학년이 올라감에 따라서 창의적인 아이디어를 내는 양이나 질에 있어서 뒤떨어지는 것으로 분석되었으며, 토론 학습의 적응력이 미흡하고 발표력 및 청취력에 있어서도 떨어지는 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 중 ㆍ고등학교의 학교교육에서도 학생들에게 프로젝트형 탐구학습 프로그램의 적용은 물론 토론식 수습을 통한 학생들의 사고의 전환의 기회를 제공해야 할 것으로 사료된다. The creativity competition was held to foster the creativity of elementary and secondary school students in the Institute of Science Education, Kongju national University. It was found that the creativity competition effected on the improvement of inventing creative ideas and problem solving activities. But, only some competitors participated in semifinal and final contests, presented original and interesting ideas. More female students participated in competition than last year. More female participants were awarded a prize than males. Totally, participants were defective in discussion and communication, and presentation and listening ideas. Increasing grades correlated inversely with creativity and originality. There is need of inquiry project teaming programs and presenting opportunities of conversion of thinking by discussing instructions in school

자소엽 추출물이 식중독 유발세균의 증식에 미치는 영향

김선애,서지은,배지현 동아시아식생활학회 2004 동아시아식생활학회지 Vol.14 No.5

In this study, Perilla frutescens which has been used as a folk remedy was investigated its antimicrobial activity. First, the Perilla frutescens was extracted with methanol at room temperatures, and fractionation of the methanol extracts from Perilla frutescens was carried out by using petroleum ether, chloroform, and ethyl acetate, respectively. The antimicrobial activity of the Perilla frutescens extracts was determined using a paper disc method and the growth inhibition curve was determined using methanol extracts of Perilla frutescens against Salmonella enteritidis and Bacillus cereus. The methanol extract of Perilla frutescens showed strong antimicrobial activity against Bacillus cereus at the concentration of 1.000 ppm. The 4,000 ppm of methanol extract from Perilla frutescens. retarded the growth S. enteritidis and Bacillus cereus up to 72 hours.

Propylene Oxide로 하이드록시프로필화시킨 감자전분의 이화학적 특성

배수경,이선자,김미라 동아시아식생활학회 1997 동아시아식생활학회지 Vol.7 No.4

Physicochemical properties of potato starches with degree of substitution of 0~0.2645 hydroxypropylation with propylene oxide were examined. Hydroxypropyl group content of the starch was proportional to propylene oxide concentration. Water binding capacity increased but pH decreased with the increase of degree of substitution. Blue value and iodine absorption property decreased with the increase of hydroxypropylation. Differential scanning calorimeter showed that hydroxypropylation lowered the gelatinization temperature of the starch. Relative crystallinity in X-ray diffraction patterns decreased and starch granule observed by scanning electron microscopy was destroyed by hydroxypropylation. This result implied that high level hydroxypropylation affected the crystal region as well as amorphous region of starch.

天然産 자라의 食品學的 成分에 對한 硏究

金仙英,權敬順,朴一雄,金鍾培 군산대학교 1987 論文集 Vol.14 No.-

The object of this study is to obtain a fundamental data on the food and nutritive components of wild fresh water Mud-turtle, Amyda-sinensis, propduced in Korea.For this purpose, the food components in each portion such as the layer of fat, blood and total flesh were investigated and compared by the distinction of sex, respectively.Th results obtained are summarized as follows : 1.Proximate compositions of total flesh between the female and male were nearly the same on the whole, as the contents of moisture, crude protein, crude fat, total sugar and crude ash were 78.4-80.1%, 16.8-18.7%, 1.5-1.6%, 0.3-0.4%, 1.1%, respectively. Protein-N occupied 89%, 91% of total nitrogen content, respectively. 2.The analysis of free amino acids showed that histidine, methionine and arginine were major amino acids in the flesh extract of female, having 32.7% (546.30mg%), 28.8%(481.44mg%),19.7%(329.72mg%) on dry basis, and that histidine, methionine, serine were major in the male, having 34.6% (360.45mg%),28.6% (298.39mg%),8.2% (85.18mg%) of total free amino acid contents, respectively. While the other free amino acid contents except threonine and proline in trace of undetected amount were relatively poor by the content ratio of 0.2-5.3%. 3.The content of lysine in total flesh of the female and male seemed to be marked differences, being 13.5%(2415.73mg%) and 9.3%(1465.37mg%) respectively, but the other amino acid compositions of the female showed similar tendency to that of the male without significant differences. The major amino acids were glutamic acid (16.3-17.7%), lysine (9.3-13.5%), aspartic acid (7.6-8.7%) leucine (7.7-8.3%), alanine (5.8-6.2%) and arginine (5.6-6.0%) occupied 56.2-56.5% of total amino acids, but such amino acid contents as proline, threonine glycine, valine, phenylalanine, serine, isoleucine, tyrosine, methionine and histidine were low in order, while cystine and tryptophan were least amount. The essential amino acid content of 8 kinds occupied 38.0-43.2% (2471.92-2832.72mg/gN) of total amino acids. 4.Among the 9 kinds of minerals analyzed such as total flesh and blood, mineral compositions in the female showed similar to the pattern in the male. Such macrominerals as potassium, magnesium, sodium and phosphorus contents in flesh were absolutely predominant being more than 98.0% (498.5-521.6mg%), these four elements in blood also occupied 92.7-94.1% (498.1-551.6mg%) of total minerals, while iron content of micromineral in blood 5.3-6.8% (31.0-36.4mg%). 5.Fatty acid compositions in total lipid were different considerably by the distinction of sex and each portion except layer of fat. The major fatty acids of flesh in the female and male were shown to be C18 : 1(1425.7%), C16 : 0(13.5-18.6%), C18 : 3(9.0-17.4%), C16 : 1(13.4-16.4%), and particulary C18 : 2(20.0%), C14 : 1(16.5%) in the male.In fresh blood of the female and male, C18 : 1(16.3-36.7%), C16 : 1 (16.2-18.5%), C18 : 3 (13.7-17.3%), C16 : 0(8.5-9.6%) were the most abundant fatty acids, and particulary C14 : 1(10.1%), C18 : 2(9.1%) in the male. In the layer of fat, the major fatty acids were C18 : 1(25.2-28.0%), C16 : 0(17.2-18.3%), C16 : 1 (15.8-17.0:7), C18 : 3 (10.5-11.6%) and C18 : 2(8.8-9.7%).Total lipids consisted of 18.3-32.5% of saturated fatty acids, 42.6-60.6% of monoene and 19.2-29.2% of polyene acids to total fatty acids, respectively, and P/S ratio in each fortion were in sphere of 0.7-1.2.

도시발전과 지역혁신체제 : 기능적 관점의 지역발전 이론과 사례 The Theory and Cases of Functional Territory Development

김선배 한국경제지리학회 2004 한국경제지리학회지 Vol.7 No.3

본 연구는 지역혁신체제에서 도시 경쟁력의 강화방안을 모색하였다. 본 연구는 집적이론과 국내외 사례를 고려하여 각 도시들이 지닌 집합적 자산(collective goods)을 개발·활용할 수 있도록 광역적 관점의 지역혁신체제 구축의 토대 위에서 대도시와 중소도시가 기능적으로 연관되는 네트워크형 발전전략이 필요함을 제안하였다. 또한 지역혁신체제의 구축에 적합한 기능지역의 적정 공간규모의 설정과 이를 관리 운영하기 위한 지역혁신 거버넌스의 확립을 정책적 시사점으로 제시하였다. This study aims to examine the policy issues of urban development in a regional innovation system. With regard to the agglomeration economic theory and case studies, this study suggested the spatial structure which is networked among the urban regions in a functional territory to utilize local collective goods. Also policy implications is that a wider economic regions and their governance is needed in Korea.