쵸서의 英語에 나타난 强變化 五類動詞의 硏究

朴兜秉 순천대학교 어학연구소 1988 어학연구 Vol.1 No.-

DOO-BYUNG PARK(1988). "A Study on the Strong Verbs of Class V in Chaucer's English", Language Studies, 1, Ⅰ. The purpose of this article is to prove two hypotheses. The first is that the strong verbs of class Ⅴ in chaucer's English did not change to weak verbs as in the other works of the same period and the second is that the forms of the strong verbs are variegated, because Chaucer's english was transitional and the spelling wasn't fixed. The results of the investigation obtained through my reseach and analysis of the 22 strong verbs of class Ⅴ in the Complete Works of Geoffrey Chaucer edited by F.N.Robinson are as follow. 1. In Chaucer's English there were 22 strong verbs of the class Ⅴ of which 21 verbs had strong forms but only one verb weyen had weak forms. Weyen had already become weak verb before 1400 and even though the 3 verbs fret, weve, wreke among 22 strong verbs had weak forms in Chaucer's time, they kept only strong forms in Chaucer's English. 2. In Chaucer's English strong verbs of class Ⅴ had not forms with a mixture of weak and strong form. 3. In Chaucer's English there were 43 infinitive forms, of which 17 forms had final -n, but 26 forms had final -3. There were 68 past participle forms, of which 29 forms had final -e but 39 forms had final -n. Only 20*(30%)of the past partiaple forms had prefix(i-;6, y;14)but the rest of them had no prefix. 4. The strong verbs of class Ⅴ have retained relatively the good ablaut series in Chaucer's English.

정신분열병에 대한 리스페리돈의 효과 및 안정성

이민수,김용구,김영훈,연병길,오병훈,윤도준,윤진상,이철,정희연,강병조,김광수,김동언,김명정,김상훈,김희철,나철,노승호,민경준,박기창,박두병,백기청,백인호,손봉기,손진욱,양병환,양창국,우행원,이정호,이종범,이홍식,임기영,전태연,정영조,정영철,정인과,정인원,지익성,채정호,한상익,한선호,한진희,서광윤 大韓神經精神醫學會 1998 신경정신의학 Vol.37 No.1

연구목적 : 본 시험의 목적은 임상시험 시작전에 연구자들을 대상으로 PANSS Workshop을 통하여 PANSS, ESRS에 대한 국내에서의 표준화 작업을 구축하고 새로운 정신병 치료제인 리스페리돈의 효과와 안정성을 재확인하여 리스페리돈 사용에 대한 적정화를 이루는데 있다. 연구방법 : 1996년 4월부터 1996년 9월까지 국내 39개 대학병원 정신과에 입원중인 혹은 증상이 악화되어 입원하는 정신분열병 환자 377명을 대상으로 다시설 개방 연구를 시행하였다. 1주일간의 약물 배설기간을 가진후, 리스페리돈을 8주간 투여하였고, 기준점, 1주, 2주, 4주, 그리고 8주후에 평가되었다. 용량은 제1일에는 리스페리돈 1mg씩 1일 2회, 제2일에는 2mg씩 1일 2회, 제3∼7일에는 3mg씩 1일 2회 투여하였다. 이후 환자의 임상상태에 따라 임의로 증량할 수 있으며, 최대 일일 16mg을 초과하지 않도록 하였다. 추체외로 증상을 조절하기 위한 투약을 허용하였다. 임상증상 및 부작용의 평가는 PANSS(Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale), CGI(Clinical Global Impression) 그리고 ESRS(Extrapyramidal Symptom Rating Scale)을 사용하였다. 연구결과 : 377명중 343명(91%)이 8주간의 연구를 완결하였다. 치료 종결시점인 8주후 PANSS 총점수가 20% 이상 호전된 경우를 약물 반응군으로 정의할때, 약물반응군은 81.3%였다. 리스페리돈에 반응하는 예측인자로는 발병연령, 이전의 입원 횟수, 유병기간이 관련 있었다. 리스페리돈은 1주후부터 PANSS양성, 음성, 및 일반정신병리 점수상에 유의한 호전을 보여 효과가 빨랐다. CGI의 경우도 기준점에 비해 1주후부터 유의한 감소를 나타내었다. ESRS의 경우, 파킨슨 평가점수는 기준점과 비교해 투여 1주, 2주, 4주후 유의하게 증가되었다가 8주후 기준점과 차이가 없었다. Dystonia 평가점수는 1주후만 유의한 증가를 보였으며, dyskinesia 평가점수는 유의한 차이가 없었다. 혈압, 맥박수의 생명징후 및 일반 혈액학 검사, 생화학적 검사, 심전도 검사에서 유의한 변화는 없었다. 결 론 : 이상의 다시설 개방 임상 연구를 통해 리스페리돈은 정신분열병 환자에서 양성증상뿐만 아니라 음성증상 및 전반적인 증상에도 효과적인 것으로 사료된다. 보다 명확한 평가를 위해서는 다른 항정신병약물과의 이중맹검 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각되며, 또한 장기적 치료에 대한 평가도 함께 이루어져야 하겠다. Objective : The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of risperidone in the treatment of Korean schizophrenic patients. Method : This multicenter open study included 377 schizophrenic patients drawn from 39 university hospitals. After a wash-out period of 1 week, the schizophrenic patients were treated with risperidone for 8 weeks and evaluated at 5 points ; at baseline, and 1, 2, 4 and 8 weeks of treatment. The dose was increased from 2mg/day(1mg twice daily) to 6mg/day(3mg twice daily) during the first week and adjusted to a maximum of 16mg/day over the next 7 weeks according to the patient's clinical response. Medication to control extrapyramidal symptoms was permitted. The psychiatric and neurological status of the patients was assessed by PANSS, CGI, and ESRS scales. Results : 343(91%) of 377 patients completed the 8-week trial period. Clinical improvement, as defined by a 20% or more reduction in total PANSS score at end point, was shown by 81.3% of patients. The predictors of response to risperidone were associated older age, shorter duration of illness, fewer previous hospitalization. Risperidone had rapid onset of action ; a significant decrease of the total PANSS and three PANSS factor(positive, negative, general), and CGI was already noticed at the end of first week. For the ESRS, parkinsonism rating scores were significantly increased until week 4 comparing with baseline. Dystonia rating scores were significantly increased until week 1, and dyskinesia rating scores were not significantly changed during the study. Laboratory parameters including vital sign, EKG, hematological, and biochemical values showed no significant changes during the trial. Conclusions : This study suggests that risperidone is generally safe and effective against both the positive and negative symptoms in our group of patients.

외국인 이주자의 기본활동 공간에서의 일상생활과 사회적 관계

최병두,박은경 대구대학교 다문화사회정책연구소 2012 현대사회와 다문화 Vol.2 No.1

외국인 이주자들은 경제의 세계화와 교통통신기술의 발달과 같은 거시적 배경 하에서 국제이주를 행하지만, 또한 동시에 자신들이 추구하는 주요한 목적을 실현시키기 위해 수행한다고 할 수 있다. 특히 후자의 입장에서 외국인 이주자들은 자신의 이주 목적을 실현시키기 위해 활동하는 공간, 즉 기본활동 공간에서의 생활과 사회적 관계에 매우 민감할 것으로 간주된다. 이 논문은 외국인 이주자들이 유형별로 이러한 기본활동 공간(즉 결혼이주자의 가정, 단순 및 전문직 이주노동자의 직장, 그리고 외국인 유학생의 학교)에서 어떻게 생활(특히 만족)하는가, 어떻게 사회적 관계를 형성하는가를 설문조사 및 심층면적을 통해 수집된 자료를 분석하고자 한다. 분석 결과를 정리하면 다음과 같다. 첫째, 결혼이주자의 가정생활은 의사소통, 집안일 처리, 가족생활 문화 적응, 가족생활 전반에 대한 적응에 대해서는 ‘보 통’(5점 척도값, 3) 이상의 만족도를 보였으나, 자녀 양육이 가장 큰 어려움으로 지적되었다. 둘째, 이주노동자의 직장생활은 희망직종, 적정한 업무량, 충분한 임금, 직장 유지 등의 활동에서 ‘보통’ 이상의 만족도를 보였지만, 실제 장시간 노동이 많 았고, 이직 욕구도 강한 것으로 조사되었다. 셋째, 전문직 이주자의 직장 생활은 시설의 편리성, 복지제도, 업무시간 및 업무량, 임금, 업무수행능력 등의 사항에서 ‘대체로 만족’(3.5점) 이상의 만족도를 보였으며, 사회적 관계도 대체로 원활한 것으로 나타났다. 끝으로 외국인 유학생의 대학생활은 대학 내 행정기관 및 편의시설, 장학 및 지원제도, 수업 및 학업, 한국어 교육지원, 기숙사 수용, 교우관계 등에서 ‘보통’이상의 만족도를 보였지만, 의사소통과 외국인 배려 부족 등을 어려움 문제로 지적 했고, 또한 일상적으로나 어려움에 봉착한 상황에서 한국인보다 본국인 친구들과 더 밀접한 관계를 가지는 것으로 나타났다. Foreign immigrants have carried out their international migration under a structural and global context of economic globalization and disparity between countreis, and of development of transportation and communication technology, but at the same time they have done such a career activity in order to realize their life-long aims. And hence, they are very keen to daily activities(and satisfaction) and social relationship in what can be called ‘basic activity spaces’ where they try to realize their aims of international migration: home space for marriage immigrants, workplace for simple or professional immigrant workers, and university campus for foreign students. This paper is to understand foreign immigrants’ daily activities and social relationship in such a basic space, analyzing data collected through questionnaire and in-depth interviews

債權者取消訴訟에 있어서의 主張·立證靑任에 관한 硏究

梁炳晦,金斗年 건국대학교 법학연구소 1996 一鑑法學 Vol.1 No.-

This study deals with the issues pertinent to dividing the burden of proof among the three parties in law suit: the original creditor to a debtor, beneficiary from the debtor, third-party acquirer from the beneficiary, in terms of claim and burden of proof on the subjective and objective necessary facts in the procedure of actio Pauliana. To begin with, the creditor who claims the right to the debtor should claim and bear the burden of proof on the subjective necessary facts, while the beneficiary and third-party acquirer should bear the burden of proof against the necessary facts. Second, the plaintiff who is the original creditor to the debtor should bear the burden of proof on the mala fides of the debtor which constitute the subjective required facts in the trial of actio Pauliana. We agrees with the current common opinion and precedents which maintain that sufficient means to prove the facts are not the intention f fraudulence but the recognition of fraudulence on the part of the debtor. However, as the foreign legislation shows, it is recomended to revise the pertinent laws in such a way that debtor's shows, it is recomended to revise the pertinent laws in such a way that debtor's mala fides are recognized repayment or payment in substitutes, and presumption of fraudulence is excluded in case of the property transaction for counter value. Third, in terms of mala fides of the beneficiary and the third-party acquirer which constitute the subjective necessary facts in the trial of actio Pauliana, the current common opinion and cases are fundamentally rightful, saying that, as far as the beneficiary and the third-party acquirer do not prove their bona fides for themselves, their mala fides. The stipulantion pertinent to it is the provision of the article 406, sestion 1 of the civil law. This article is to lessen the creditor's burden of proof and the oona fide requirements on the other parties are intended to restrain causes to obstruct the exercise of rights. which constitute the exemption requirements. IN accordance with such legal components, even if there are bona fide beneficiaries, we can explain a case in which revocation is exercised against mala fide third-party acquirers.

Leadership의 效果的 方案에 對한 考察

金柄斗 慶北大學校 師範大學 1982 體育學會誌 Vol.8 No.-

1. A leader should be composed without being perflexed by the urgent circumstances and should be responsible for his speech. 2. A leader must be responsible not only for his seniors but his subordinates alike. Also he should ascribe his distinguished services and awards to his subordinates, while on the other, should take all the responsibilities. 3. A leader must have both positional power and personal power.

花崗風化土의 土質定數에 의한 設計CBR의 推定

鄭斗永,吳秉炫 全北大學校 1993 論文集 Vol.35 No.-

In this paper, it was studied the relationships between design CBR value and some index properties of the weathered grinite soil. The SPSS package was used for the analysis of soil properties and the results of data analysis of Chonbuk pavement province. It was also tried to find out the correlation between design CBR value and other soil properties and tried to make the equations by the multiregression. Through the whole study, it can be concluded as follows. 1. Generally, the correlation between CBR value and natural moisture content, sand-ravel content was represented rather highly than the other soil index properties, and it could be found that CBR value was represented rather highly in about 15 percent of natural moisture content. 2. Relationship between CBR value and sand-ravel content was showed linear correlation but that of between CBR value and natural moisture content, dry density was showed nonlinear correlation. 3. It was suggested design CBR value equation by using natural moisture content, sand-gravel content.

수구선수들의 반복적인 단거리 최대운동과 무산소성 파워 변인간의 관계

이병두,최강진 韓國體育大學校 1999 論文集 Vol.22 No.-

The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between blood lactate concentration(bLa) following sprint swims and anaerobic performance on Wingate test. Seven male water polo players from Korean national team(mean age 25.4±2.93yrs, height 177.4±2.56㎝, weight 73.4±2.01㎏) participated in this study. Sprint swim test consisted of a ten all-out 10m swims with ten shooting balls or a five all-out 20m swims with five shooting balls interspersed with returning swims to the start line with about 70% of maximal swim capacities. bLa was determined right after the last trial of each sprint swim test. The results of Wingate test demonstrated that mean power output and peak power output in water polo players were 587.9±47.89watt and 744.2±72.79watt, respectively. bLa were 6.04±0.72mM/ℓ after 10×10m sprint swim test and 7.60±0.92mM/ℓ after 5×20m sprint swim test. There was a significant relationship (r=.70) between the peak power output and blood lactate concentration of a 5×20m sprint swim test. The results of this study indicated that lactate after 5×20m swims could be an effective method for determining the anaerobic capacity of elite water polo players

주요우울장애와 정신분열증에서의 임파구 아형의 변화

박두병 大韓神經精神醫學會 1997 신경정신의학 Vol.36 No.3

저자는 DSN-IV진단기준에 의거해 검사전 2주간 약물을 복용한 적이 없는 주요우울 장애 및 정신분열증으로 진단된 환자 각 15명씩을 대상으로 면역기능의 변화를 알아보기위하여 혈중 백혈구수, 총임파구 수 및 %, CD3+세포 수 및 %, B세포수 및 %, CD4+세포수 및 %, CD8+세포수 및 %, CD4+/CD8+ 비율을 측정하였다. 정상 대조군은 신체적으로 건강한 성인 남녀 16명을 대상을 면역기능에 영향을 줄 수 있는 질병이나 약물 복용경험이나 정신질환의 현병력이나 기왕력이 있을 경우 조사대상에서 제외시켰다. 이들을 각 군간에 비교한 결고 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 1)주요우울장애 환자군에서 대조군에 비해 CD8+세포수와 백분율(각각 p<.05)이 저하되어 있었고 정신 분열증군에서는 CD8+ 세포수(P<.05)가 대조군에 비해 저하되어 있었다. 성별로는 남성 주요우울장애 환자의 CD8+ 세포수(p<.05)가 남성대조군에 비해 낮았고 남성우울증환자의 B세포수(p<.05)는 여성우울환자에 비해 저하되어 있었다. 2) 양성정신분열증 환자군에서 T세포백분율과 세포수(각각 p<.05)가 대조군에 비해 저하되어 있었고 B세포 백분율(p<.05)은 대조군에 비해 증가되어 있었다. 3) 정신분열증 환자준에서 BPRS와 임파구 백분율(p<.01), CD8+ 세포수(p<.05), 총임파구수(p<.05)간에 부적 상관관계가 있었고, GP와 임파구 백분율(p<.05)간에도 부적 상관관계가 있었다. 주요우울장애 환자군에서는 연령과 임파구 백분율(p<.05)간에 상관간계가 있었다. An association between immunity and psychiatric diseases such as depression and schizophrenia has been suggested but ha not been consistently demonstrated. In the present study immune status of major depressive disorder and schizophrnia has compared with normal controls by investigating the changes in lymphocyte subpopulation. The number of lmphocyte subpopulation was determined y monoclonal antibody staining in conjunction with flow cytometry, and following surface antigens were determined : CD3+(pan T), CD7+(pan B), CD4+(T helper/inducer) and CD8+(T suppressor/cytotoxic). Fifteen untreated depressive patients and schizophrenic patients were examined along with the control who consisted of sixteen healthy volunteers matched by sex and age. The result showed that in the depression patients, number and percent of CD8+ cells were reduced(p<.05) as compared to control, while in the schizophrenic patients number of CD8+ cells were increased(p<.05) as compared to control. The result also showed variation between sex where in male depressives, the number of CD8+ cells was reduced as compared with male control, while female patients did not show such correlation. In addition, male depressives showed decrease in the number of B cell, compared with female depressives. In the patient group with positive symptoms as measured by PANSS, number and percentage of T cells decreased(p<.05 respectively) while percentage of B cells increased(p<.05) both as compared to control. Furthermore, in contrast with positive correlation found in depression between percentage of lymphosytes and age, a negative correlation was noted in schizophrenias between BPRS and the percentage of lymphocytes, number of CD8+ cell, and the total number of lymphocytes.

초고온 미소플라즈마에 관한 연구

정병두 梨花女子大學校 韓國生活科學硏究院 1992 韓國生活科學硏究院 論叢 Vol.49 No.-

고전압 진공방전 장치를 만들어 발생시킨 마그네슘 미소 플라즈마로 부터 방사되는, 파장이 10(A)이하인 진공자외선의 스펙트럼을 얻기 위하여 2d=19.5(A)인 운모 결정 오목 분광기를 사용했다. 9KV∼10KV에서 30회 방전시켜 얻은 스펙트럼내에서 마그네슘의 고전하 이온에서 방사되는 10(A) 이하의 He-like 공명선과 위성선, 그리고 H-like 공명선을 볼 수 있었는데 사용한 오목 결정 분광기가 좋은 분해능과 높은 강도의 스펙트럼을 보였다. 또한 이 스펙트럼으로부터 발생된 플라즈마가 고 이온화된 상태이며 스펙트럼의 He-like 공명선과 위성선의 강도를 비교하여 마그네슘 플라즈마의 전자에너지가 약 230eV가 됨을 알았다. Mg plasma produced by the high voltage vacuum spark chamber which was constructed, emit the VUV spectrum, down to 10(A). The spectra were registrated with a mica concave crystal(2d=19.5A) spectroscopy, which takes the highest resolution and intense spectrum lines. Mg plasma has been produced in vacuum of 3×10 exp (-5) Torr at 9-10kV, 30 discharges. The spectra emitted from Mg plasma include resonance line and it's satellite lines of the He-like MgXⅠ and resonance line of the H-like MgXⅡ. The electron temperature was measured from the relative intensities that the comparing the dielectronic satellite lines of the resonance line with the resonance line. The measured electron temperature was 230eV.

뇌졸중후 중추성 통증에 대한 동서협진의 임상적 효율성 평가

정병식,최도영,김건식,이두익 경희대학교 동서의학연구소 2001 東西醫學硏究所 論文集 Vol.2001 No.-

Background : Central poststroke pain(CPSP) can occur as a result of lesion or dysfunction of the brain from stroke and may cause many difficulty in the social activities and daily life. In this study, we evaluate the clinical effectiveness of east-west medical management for CPSP through VAS(visual analogue scale), infrared thermography, MBI(Moderfied Barthel Index) and Rankin scale. Methods : We treated thirty patients with oriental medical treatment method and western & oriental medical treatment method. Each group has fifteen patients of the CPSP. We evaluated their pain(characterizes tingling and burning sensation, aching, hyperalgesia, and allodynia) through VAS(visual analog scale) pain score, the skin temperature of pain site by infrared thermography and assessed their mobility & rehabilitation ability through MBI(Moderfied Barthel Index), Rankin scale before and after pain treatment. Results : The skin temperature of pain site was lower than non-pain site. The difference of skin temperature improved from 0.65±0.45℃ to 0.39±0.25℃ after oriental medical treatment and 0.68±0.54℃ to 0.27±0.24℃ after western & oriental medical treatment VAS scores improved from 7.9±1.4 to 4.7±1.6 after oriental medical treatment and 8.1±1.3 to 4.6±1.2 after western & oriental medical treatment. MBI scores improved from 61.40±13.58 to 85.00±13.85 after oriental medical treatment and 52.26±13.52 to 77.13±12.04 after western & oriental medical treatment. And Rankin scale scores improved from 3.33±0.72 to 2.46±0.74 after oriental medical treatment and 3.60±0.82 to 2.66±0.81 after western & oriental medical treatment. Conclusion : The difference of skin temperature and Rankin scale scores more significantly improved after western & oriental medical treatment than oriental medical treatment. According to the result, we thought east-west medical management is very useful treatment for CPSP and rehabilitation of the patients with stroke.