퍼지 제어기를 이용한 차량의 자율주차 시뮬레이션

박재현,김승철,한창훈,박종오,임영도 東亞大學校 附設 情報通信硏究所 1998 情報通信硏究所論文誌 Vol.6 No.1

In a case of driving beginnners, it is very difficult to park a car perfectly because driver's knowledge makes more errors than intelligent mechanism when they are performed repeatedly. However skilled drivers be of experienced knowledge are able to park a car quickly. In this paper, we analyzed driving patterns of skilled drivers, designed the fuzzy controller to park based on it, and perform auto-parking simulation of a car using that controller.

경연대회를 통한 초·중고생의 창의력 현황에 관한 연구

육근철,이희복,류해일,김현섭,김희수,박달원,심규철,박종석,신영숙,박상태,변두원,김태균 공주대학교 과학교육연구소 2002 과학교육연구 Vol.33 No.-

21세기의 정보화 산업사회와 지식기반 사회에서 우리의 아이들이 자신의 목소리로 세계 속에서 살아가게 하기 위해서는 다른 사람과 다른 아이디어를 낼 수 있도록 교육의 틀을 바꾸지 않으면 안된다. 다라서 21세기의 미래 사회를 살아갈 학생들을 가르치는 교육의 현장 역시 창의적인 인간을 길러낼 수 있도록 변해야 한다. 즉, 미래 사회를 대비하기 위해서는 각 개인의 개성을 존중하는 분위기에서 창의적인 능력을 지닌 인간을 양성해야 한다는 것을 의미한다. 따라서, 학교 안에서의 교육뿐만이 아니라 학교 밖에서도 다양한 학습 경험을 통해서 교육 과정이 추구하는 인간상을 구현할 수 있도록 활동할 수 있는 기회가 학생들에게 제공되어야 한다. 창의력을 발휘하여 문제를 해결하는 능력을 기르기 위해서는 개별적이 아닌 여러 명의 동료가 주어진 과제를 해결할 수 있는 기회를 갖고 짧은 시간이 아닌 장시간 동안 고민하고 그 해결책을 찾는 활동을 가질 기회가 필요하다. In order to educate our students with their special talents for the informational and knowledge based age expected in the 21st century, we must improve our educational programs such that students are able to create their own fresh ideas. Hence the present educational environment should be changed such that they are willing to respect others' characters and personality with their own original ideas. Therefore, we must make them have the opportunity that they can acquire many experiences through the school education and the social education program, so that they may grow up to the person with the humanity and creativity. In this study we have suggested new educational program where students engage themselves in long term research projects with collaboration of the team and creativity of individuals.

국립공원 아고산대 독립훼손지 복원식생 분포특성 및 관리방안

김종엽(Jong-Yup Kim),윤주웅(Ju-Ung Yun),한봉호(Bong-Ho Han),곽정인(Jeong-In Kwak),박석철(Seok-Cheol Park),박수영(Su Young Park),정원옥(Won-Ok Jeong) 국립공원연구원 2022 국립공원연구지 Vol.13 No.1

본 연구는 독립훼손지 중 아고산대에 위치한 지리산국립공원 세석평전과 노고단 복원식생지를 대상으로 현존식생 분석 및 식생분포 특성을 파악하여 중장기적인 모니터링 및 관리방안 수립을 위한 기초자료를 제공하고자 수행하였다. 현존식생 조사범위는 훼손지 일대 유역권분포 현황을 고려하여 설정하였으며, 세석평전 조사면적은 55,037㎡, 노고단 조사면적은 166,599㎡ 이었다. 세석평전은 초본층에 의한 식생피복도는 90% 이상 수준으로서 나지노출이 없었고, 관목층의 피복도가 60% 이상으로 안정화되어 있었다. 주요 출현수종은 구상나무, 사스래나무, 쇠물푸레나무, 철쭉, 털진달래, 붉은병꽃나무 등 식재수종과 자연적으로 이입한 자생수종이 생육하고 있었다. 노고단은 신갈나무, 호랑버들, 철쭉, 털진달래, 미역줄나무 등이 우점하는 관목식생지가 52%로 가장 넓게 분포하고 있었고, 전반적으로 식생활착 상태가 양호하였다. 노고단의 원식생은 신갈나무군락으로 추정되었고, 군부대철거지에는 귀화식물이 분포하고 있기 때문에 적극적인 관리가 필요하였다. 연구대상지는 장기적으로 주변 자연식생과 조화로운 식생경관으로 발달할 것으로 예측되었다. 향후 훼손지 복원모델은 인근 지역의 원식생을 고려하여 설정해야 할 것이지만, 복원 달성 목표는 실현가능한 수준의 목표를 설정해야 할 것이다. This study was conducted to provide basic data for mid-to long-term monitoring and establishment of management plans by analyzing the existing vegetation and identifying the vegetation distribution characteristics for the restored vegetation in Nogodan and Seseokpyeongjeon in Jirisan National Park located in the subalpine zone among the independent damaged areas. Actual vegetation survey range was established in consideration of the distribution of the watershed around the damaged area. The surveyed area of Seseokpyeongjeon was 55,037㎡, and the surveyed area of Nogodan was 166,599㎡. In Seseokpyeongjeon, the vegetation coverage by the herbaceous layer was almost 90% or more, there was no bare exposure, and the coverage of the shrub layer was stabilized at 60% or more. The main emerging tree species were planted species such as Abies koreana, Betula ermanii, Fraxinus sieboldiana, Rhododendron schlippenbachii, Rhododendron mucronulatum var. ciliatum, and Weigela florida as well as natively migrated native species. In Nogodan, the shrub vegetation dominated by Quercus mongolica, Salix caprea, Rhododendron schlippenbachii, Rhododendron mucronulatum var. ciliatum, and Tripterygium regelii was the most widely distributed with 52% of the area, and the overall diet was good. The native vegetation of Nogodan was presumed to be a cypress colony. Naturalized plants were distributed in the military base demolition site, so active management was required. The study site was predicted to develop into a vegetation landscape in harmony with the surrounding natural vegetation in the long term. In the future, the restoration model for damaged areas should be set in consideration of the native vegetation of the nearby area, but the goal to achieve restoration should be set at a feasible level.

40세 이하 관상동맥 질환자에서 장기적 임상 관찰

이승욱,정명호,박종철,박형욱,조상희,김원,김계훈,이상현,강경태,조장현,김남호,김건형,안영근,조정관,박종춘,강정채 全南大醫大 2001 전남의대학술지 Vol.37 No.2

설악산국립공원 멸종위기 산양(Naemorhedus caudatus) 개체군 크기와 서식지 이용 현황

조재운 ( Chea Un Cho ),김규철 ( Kyu Cheol Kim ),권구희 ( Gu Hui Kwon ),김기윤 ( Ki Yoon Kim ),이배근 ( Bae Keun Lee ),송병철 ( Bung Cheol Song ),박종길 ( Jong Gil Park ) 한국환경생태학회 2015 한국환경생태학회지 Vol.29 No.5

본 연구에서는 설악산국립공원에 서식하는 멸종위기종 산양과 서식지의 보전 및 관리를 위해 산양의 분변 및 카메라 트랩을 이용한 개체수와 서식지 이용 분석을 2010~2014년 동안 수행하였으며 생태학적 조사 방법(흔적조사, 카메라트 랩조사)을 사용하였다. 분변 조사와 카메라트랩핑 분석 결과 각각 166개체 및 251개체의 산양이 설악산국립공원에 서식하고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 흔적조사(분변)를 통한 서식지 이용 특성 분석에서 산양은 경사도 35°~60°, 고도 600~700m, 향 북동, 수계와의 거리 0~50m, 도로와의 거리 300~600m, 활엽수림을 가장 선호하는 것으로 나타났다. 카메라트랩 조사를 통한 산양 개체군 구성, 주간(07-18시)이 56.5%, 야간(18-07시)이 43.5%로 산양의 활동성을 파악하였다. 이러한 산양의 개체수와 서식지 이용 특성 분석은 향후 그들이 살아가는 서식지의 보전과 서식지의 관리를 위한 중요한 기초 자료로 활용될 수 있을 것이다. This study was conducted investigate population size and habitat use for the conservation and management of the endangered long-tailed goral in the Seoraksan National Park using feces and camera trap during 2010 to 2014 (track survey, camera trap). As a result of feces tracking and camera trap, its population size was estimated as 160 (camera trap)~251 (feces) individuals in the Seoraksan National Park. The goral prefer 35°~60° (slope), 600~700m (elevation), NE (aspect), 0~50m (distance to stream), 300~600m (distance to road) and bread-leaved forest (forest type) according to field tracking of fecal. Based on field camera trap, we estimated the age classes of goral populations and activity of gorals during day-time (07-18 time, 56.5%) and night-time (18-07 time, 43.5%). Such analyses of population size and habitat use of the goral could be applied as important fundamental data for conservation of gorals and management of their habitats.

Distribution of the Fairy Pitta (Pitta nympha) in the South Korea: A focus on protected areas

Gil-Pyo Hong(홍길표),Jae-Hoon Kim(김재훈),Seul-Gi Seo(서슬기),So-Yeon Cho(조소연),Bo-Yeon Hwang(황보연),Jong-Hyun Park(박종현),Seung-Yeon Lee(이승연),Ga-Young Kim(김가영),Wan-Hee Nam(남완희),Ha-Cheol Sung(성하철) 한국조류학회 2021 한국조류학회지 Vol.28 No.2

국내 팔색조(Pitta nympha) 분포 현황을 알아보고자 전국 국립공원 등 보호지역 중심으로 총 19개 지역을 조사하였고, 전문가 네트워크를 통해 자료를 보강하였다. 전국 19개 지역을 조사한 결과 북한산, 지리산 등 내륙지역 7개 국립공원에서는 팔색조가 확인되지 않았고, 경남 거제, 남해, 해남, 장흥 고흥 등 남해안과 인접한 12개 지역에서 팔색조 서식이 확인되었다. 또한 전문가 네트워크를 통해 수집한 팔색조 출현 위치 정보 82건을 분석한 결과, 전국 8개 광역지자체 모두 팔색조 서식이 확인되었고, 내륙지역(26.8%)보다 해안지역(73.2%)에서 더 많이 출현하였다. 연구 결과를 종합해보면, 우리나라의 팔색조는 주로 제주도와 남해안 지역을 중심으로 많이 분포하며, 그 보다 적은 개체수가 내륙 지역에 넓게 분포하고 있는 것으로 나타났다. The present study investigated the current distribution of Fairy Pitta (Pitta nympha) in South Korea. A total of 19 study areas, including protected areas such as national and provincial parks in South Korea were surveyed, and additional data obtained from an expert network. According to the results, Fairy Pitta was absent in seven inland national parks, including Mt. Bukhan and Chiri parks. Fairy Pitta inhabited 12 areas near the southern coast of South Korea, including Geoje, Namhae, Haenam, Jangheung, Goheung, and Gyeongnam Province. The analysis results of 82 datasets obtained from experts with regard to the locations where Fairy Pitta have been spotted showed that the bird inhabits all the eight metropolitan regions in South Korea, and is more frequently spotted in coastal areas (73.2%) than in inland areas (26.8%). The findings demonstrate that Fairy Pitta is mainly distributed in Jeju Island and the southern coast of South Korea, and is distributed in inland areas at relatively lower numbers.

Elevational Distribution of Breeding Bird Communities in Seoraksan National Park, Korea

( Hyun-su Hwang ),( Jae-kang Lee ),( Tae-kyung Eom ),( Ho-kyoung Bae ),( Dong-ho Lee ),( Jong-hwan Lim ),( Sung-cheol Jung ),( Chan-ryul Park ),( Shin-jae Rhim ) 한국산림과학회(구 한국임학회) 2020 한국산림과학회지 Vol.109 No.1

In this study, the elevational distribution of breeding birds in Seoraksan National Park, Korea was investigated. Forty-six species of birds were documented from line transect surveys taken from Seorakdong at 230 m above sea level (a.s.l.) to the Daechungbong summit at 1708 m asl. Birdspecies richness and diversity were highest in Seorakdong and lowest at the Daechungbong summit. As elevation increased, bird species richness and diversity decreased, with a humped-shape trend being observed between 700 m and 1200 m a.s.l. Stepwise analyses revealed that breeding bird species diversity indices were significantly negatively correlated with elevation (r² = 0.327, P < 0.001) and positively correlated with vegetational coverage (r² = 0.324, P = 0.046). Higher elevations supported fewer birds than low and intermediate elevations. Projections at the local scale, including data on behavior and habitat use by birds, will be necessary for optimal conservation and management of the bird communities in Seoraksan National Park.

Elevational Distribution of Breeding Bird Communities in Seoraksan National Park, Korea

Hwang, Hyun-Su,Lee, Jae-Kang,Eom, Tae-Kyung,Bae, Ho-Kyoung,Lee, Dong-Ho,Lim, Jong-Hwan,Jung, Sung-Cheol,Park, Chan-Ryul,Rhim, Shin-Jae Korean Society of Forest Science 2020 한국산림과학회지 Vol.109 No.1

In this study, the elevational distribution of breeding birds in Seoraksan National Park, Korea was investigated. Forty-six species of birds were documented from line transect surveys taken from Seorakdong at 230 m above sea level (a.s.l.) to the Daechungbong summit at 1708 m asl. Birdspecies richness and diversity were highest in Seorakdong and lowest at the Daechungbong summit. As elevation increased, bird species richness and diversity decreased, with a humped-shape trend being observed between 700 m and 1200 m a.s.l. Stepwise analyses revealed that breeding bird species diversity indices were significantly negatively correlated with elevation (r² = 0.327, P < 0.001) and positively correlated with vegetational coverage (r² = 0.324, P = 0.046). Higher elevations supported fewer birds than low and intermediate elevations. Projections at the local scale, including data on behavior and habitat use by birds, will be necessary for optimal conservation and management of the bird communities in Seoraksan National Park.

원광의대 부속 제 2병원 신경정신과 환자에 대한 통계적 고찰

박민철,김종주,박남진,오상우,권혁일,권영숙,박종호 圓光大學校 醫科學硏究所 1986 圓光醫科學 Vol.2 No.2

We examined 1,856 patients who visited Won Kwang Neuropsychiatric hospital since July 11 of 1984(since the hospital opened) until June 11 of 1986. We researched diagnostic and other distributions of inpatients and outpatients. The study revealed as follows : 1. Of total patients males visited this hospital more than females as 52.7%. Most of them(67.1 %) resided in Iri, Iksan and Kimje. In the point of insurance, insured patients and uninsured patients except medicaids were 73 %. Males(60%) were more insured medically than females (55.4%). While insured patients relatively resided in urban area, but uninsured patients except medicaids did in rural area. 2. Of outpatients neurotic disorder was the most as 35.1%, secondly schizophrenic disorder and thirdly affective disorder, but of inpatients schizophrenic disorder was the most as 41.4%, secondly neurotic disorder thirdly affective disorder. 3. Alcohol abuse (98.2 %), paranoid disorder, convulsive disorder and child mental disorder were mostly found in males, but neurotic disorder (59 .6 %), affective disorder and other psychotic disorder were mostly found in females. 4. In unmarried ones schizophrenic disorder ( 43 .6 %), neurotic disorder, other psychotic disorder were common, but in married ones neurotic disorder (55.1 %), schizophrenic disorder, affective disorder were common. 5. On the distribution of age schizophrenic disorder was found the most in the twenties (28.4 %), next in the thirties and in the forties, but neurotic disorder was found the most in the thirties, next in the twenties and in the forties. 6. On the distribution of age at onset schizophrenic disorder develops mostly during the twenties (45.5 %), secondly during the teens and thirdly during the thirties, but neurotic disorder develops mostly during the thirties and the twenties (53.1 %). 7. On the duration of hospitalization 34.4% of the patients was hospitalized during less than 15 days, 22.0% during 60-90 days and 80.4% during less than 3 months. 8. In the result of treatment 41.2% of the patients was improved and 31.7% a little improved. In total 72.9% of the patients got helped therapeutically.

회전근 개 병변에서 골 단일광자방출전산화 단층촬영과 단순 방사선 사진의 비교

박진영,박선건,김승철,임종범 단국대학교 2000 論文集 Vol.35 No.-

purpose : The increased uptake on the bone scan represents the zone of increased bon metabolism. Single photon emission computerized tomography(SPECT) is more precise in detecting lesions of increased uptake than planar bone scan. The purpose of this study is to examine applicability of bone SPECT to shoulder lesions and to analyze the efficacy of SPECT compared with simple X-ray in rotator cuff lesion. Materials and Methods : Subjects were 21 patients with of rotator cuff lesion confirmed by surgical(arthroscopic or open) procedure. Increased uptake(bone SPECT) and sclerosis of greater tuberosity and anterior acromion on X-ray were considered positive. Results : For acromion, sensitivity of the bone SPECT was 90.9% and specificity was 50.0%. For greater tuberosity, sensitivity was 92.3% and specificity 37.5%. For acromioclavicular joint, sensitivity was 80.0% and specificity 81.3%. Conclusion : This study demonstrates that the uptake of radioisotope in shoulder is increased in patients with painful partial or total rotator cuff tear. And extrinsic mechanical pressure seems to be the cause of rotator cuff lesion of the shoulder.