LC, Acute : O-061 ; Mode of cirrhosis related complication in Korean patients with liver cirrhosis -A prospective multicenter cohort study

( Hyun Young Woo ),( Jeong Won Jang ),( Sang Gyune Kim ),( Chang Hyeong Lee ),( Tae Yeob Kim ),( Won Young Tak ),( Sung Kyu Choi ),( Mong Cho1 ),( Jong Young Choi ) 대한간학회 2012 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2012 No.-

Background: Cirrhosis-related complications are indications for transplantation. However, the mode of complication has not been evaluated so far. To better address this issue, we investigated the mode of cirrhosis related complication and impact of these complications on survival in prospective, multicenter, inception cohort study of subjects with liver cirrhosis presenting with the first onset of decompensated complication. Methods: In this observational study, 1515 patients with the confirmed onset time of the first decompensated complication were enrolled. The mortality risk of cirrhosis-related complications, including ascites, portal hypertensive gastrointestinal bleeding (PHGB), spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP), hepatic encephalopathy (HE), hepatorenal syndrome (HRS), was analyzed in these cirrhotic patients. Result: As the first complication, ascites was the most frequent (53.8%), followed PHGB (36.2%), HE (7.6%), SBP (1.7%) and HRS (0.7%). During follow-up (mean 32±47 months), 484 (31.9%) experienced subsequent decompensations and the proportion of subsequent complication was consistently changed; the proportion of HE, SBP, HRS increased as time progressed. The interval between subsequent decompensative events was progressively shortened. The mortality rate according to the first complication was as follows; Ascites =PHGB> HE=SBP>HRS. The mortality rate of patients experienceing subsequent complication was significantly higher than those without subsequent complication. According to the kinds of subsequent complication, survival of HE was also higher than HRS but lower than ascites or PHGB and similar to that of SBP and this difference of survival disappeared after repeated complication. Conclusion: The mortality risk correlated with initial complication and the risk increases as the number of complication episodes is repeated. Patient`s mean age was 56±11.50 years and 72.1% was male. The cause of liver cirrhosis is hepatitis B virus (38.6%), alcohol (35.5%) and hepatitis C virus (8.9%).

Original Articles : Clinical significance of occult hepatitis B virus infection in chronic hepatitis C patients

( Jae Young Jang ),( Soung Won Jeong ),( Sung Ran Cheon1 ),( Sae Hwan Lee1 ),( Sang Gyune Kim ),( Young Koog Cheon ),( Young Seok Kim1 ),( Young Deok Cho1 ),( Hong Soo Kim ),( So Young Jin ),( Yun Soo 대한간학회 2011 Clinical and Molecular Hepatology(대한간학회지) Vol.17 No.3

Background/Aims: We investigated the frequency of occult hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in anti-hepatitis C virus (HCV)-positive individuals and the effects of occult HBV infection on the severity of liver disease. Methods: Seventy-one hepatitis B virus surface-antigen (HBsAg)-negative patients were divided according to their HBV serological status into groups A (anti-HBc positive, anti-HBs negative; n=18), B (anti-HBc positive, anti-HBs positive; n=34), and C (anti-HBc negative, anti-HBs positive/negative; n=19), and by anti-HCV positivity (anti-HCV positive; n=32 vs. anti-HCV negative; n=39). Liver biopsy samples were taken, and HBV DNA was quantified by real-time PCR. Results: Intrahepatic HBV DNA was detected in 32.4% (23/71) of the entire cohort, and HBV DNA levels were invariably low in the different groups. Occult HBV infection was detected more frequently in the anti-HBc-positive patients. Intrahepatic HBV DNA was detected in 28.1% (9/32) of the anti-HCV-positive and 35.9% (14/39) of the anti-HCV-negative subjects. The HCV genotype did not affect the detection rate of intrahepatic HBV DNA. In anti-HCV-positive cases, occult HBV infection did not affect liver disease severity. Conclusions: Low levels of intrahepatic HBV DNA were detected frequently in both HBsAg-negative and anti-HCV-positive cases. However, the frequency of occult HBV infection was not affected by the presence of hepatitis C, and occult HBV infection did not have a significant effect on the disease severity of hepatitis C. (Korean J Hepatol 2011;17:206-212)

시분할 방식 고주파 공진 인버터의 특성해석

조규판,원재선,김동희,노채균,배영호 영남대학교 공업기술연구소 2000 工業技術硏究所論文集 Vol.28 No.1

In this paper, we propose the high frequency resonant inverter of the time sharing type which has the effects that the duty cycle of each elements and the thermal loss can be reduce. The analysis of the proposed circuit is described generally by using the normalized parameters. Also, the principle of basic operation and the characteristics of drive were estimated by the switching frequency and the load parameters. And we got the data for designing by the characteristic values obtained at the estimate of characteristic. At the same time, the example of the design's method was proposed and the waveforms of simulation were compared with theoretical waveforms. It is certain that the proposed circuit will be used and expanded in the high frequency power supplies like induction heating systems.

정전분무를 이용한 MOCVD에 의해 증착된 TiO_2 박막의 특성 연구

이영섭,박용균,이성재,조동율,천희곤 울산대학교 2002 공학연구논문집 Vol.33 No.1

정전분무(electrostatic spray)를 이용한 MOCVD방법은 원료를 함유하는 용액을 이용함으로써 이송관의 가열이 필요 없이 장치를 간단하게 할 수 있고, 용액의 유량과 전기장의 세기에 따라 초미세 입자제어도 가능하며, 출발 용액으로부터 박막의 조성을 조절할 수 있는 등의 여러 가지 특징을 가지고 있다. 온도가 증가함에 따라 입자성장과 반응가스에 의한 표면의 밀도가 감소하여 표면조도가 증가하였다. 증착 시간이 증가함에 따라 막의 두께는 증가하지만, 증착시간이 지날수록 +전하를 띤 액적들은 이미 생성된 막의 영향으로 -가 인가된 기판으로의 전하이동을 방해받으므로 island성장과 모세관현상의 표면형상은 거칠고, porous해졌다. 인가전압이 증가할수록 분무시 액적의 사이즈가 작아지므로 막의 표면은 치밀해졌으며, 표면에는 완전분무하지 못한 모액적에 의해 생긴 입자의 수도 적은 경향을 보였다. 산소 분말이 증가할수록 Ti와 O의 세기는 증가하나, C의 세기는 감소하는 경향을 보였다. The electrostatic spray assisted MOCVD has the advantages of simple apparatus without the gas lines, easy control of nano-sized droplets by applied voltage and solution rates and easy control of compositions of thin films by controlling the composition of starting solution. At lower deposition temperatures the morphology of the layers are less porous and rough. With increasing deposition time and thus increasing layer thickness the morphologies of the layers are shift to porous top layer with dense bottom layer and then porous top layer with big sized grain of bottom layer as the result of low growth rates. XPS can be seen that Ti and O intensity increases but C intensity decreses with increasing O_2 flow rates.

자궁내막에 발생한 점막 연관 림프조직 (MALT) 림프종 1예

전균호,조현진,박성균,김천복,김대연,김종혁,김용만,김영탁,목정은,남주현 대한부인종양 콜포스코피학회 2003 Journal of Gynecologic Oncology Vol.14 No.4

Non-Hodgkin's 림프종의 약 40%는 결절외(extranodal) 림프종으로 대개 위장관에서 발생하며 이들 중 점막 연관 림프조직(mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue: MALT)에서 기원한 림프종은 MALT 림프종으로 분류된다. 위 외의 부위에서 원발성으로 발생하는 MALT 림프종은 매우 드물지만 실제 거의 모든 신체 장기에 발생하는 것으로 알려져 있는데, 가장 흔한 부위인 위 외에도 폐, 갑상선, 침샘, 눈물샘에 발생하고, 드물게 안구, 유방, 방광, 신장, 흉선 등에도 보고된 바 있다. MALT 림프종은 오랜 기간동안 원격 전이하지 않고 국소 병변으로 남아 있는 특징이 있어 치료 방향 또한 국소 병변의 치료에 집중되며, 예후도 림프절 기원의 림프종에 비해 양호한 것으로 알려져 있다. 본 저자 등은 자궁 내막에 원발성으로 발생한 MALT 림프종 1예를 경험하였기에 문헌 고찰과 함께 이를 보고하고자 한다. Mucosa associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma can rarely develop primarily in extranodal sites other than stomach which is the most common site for it. Other rare primary sites are small intestine, colorectum, esophagus, lung, thyroid, salivary gland, lacrymal gland, breast and skin. MALT lymphoma represents a distinct clinicopathologic features: it is usually localized to their original site for a long time and shows much more favorable prognosis than lymphoma at other site, but some MALT lymphoma can arise simultaneously or successively in different organ or give rise to another MALT lymphoma of other organ and can be multifocally disseminated or recurred. We report a very rare case of high grade B-cell lymphoma of mucosa associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) of the uterine endometrium, which was confirmed by immunohistochemical assay.

다공질 규소의 라만 산란

김태균,김영유,서영석,조창호,나훈균 公州大學校 基礎科學硏究所 1998 自然科學硏究 Vol.7 No.-

양극반응 전류밀도를 변화시키면서 다공질 규소를 제작하여 라만산란을 관측하였다. 전류밀도가 증가함에 따라 라만신호는 520.5㎝-₁에서 멀어졌으며, 봉우리의 반치폭이 증가하였다. 또한 전류밀도 증가에 따라 원통형 다공질 결정의 직경은 감소함이 계산되었으며, 길이가 길어짐을 AFM으로 관찰하였다. The Raman scattering was studied from the porous silicons which were made by changing anodization current. As the current density was increased, it was observed that Raman was gradually far from the value of 520.5 cm￣¹and the full width half maximum increased. The decrease of radius of cylindrical porous crystal was calculated and the increase of its length was investigated through AFM.

앙와위 및 복와위 요추 전산화 단층촬영의 비교 연구

김영태,조기홍,김재민,하호균 건국대학교 의과학연구소 1993 건국의과학학술지 Vol.3 No.-

For evaluating the lumbar disc space, the fact that the postmyelography computed tomography was more accurate than computed tomography or myelography was well know. But the technical difficulty is limitation of gantry angle. The prone position scanning may help to lessen this trouble. A prospective computed tomographic scanning was performed in both the prone and supine position on 43 patients, who had low back pain. The angle between the vertebral end plate and vertical line was measured in both position at ??, ?? and ?? interspaces. The adavantages of prone scanning in spinal aligment was noted at L5-S1 disc space(79.1%) and also more desirable if computed tomography was performed with metrizamide. With above advantages, the evaluation of bulging annulus was become more easier.

근관와동형태에 따른 근관치료된 하악절치의 파절강도

이영균,신혜진,박세희,조경모,김진우 大韓齒科保存學會 2004 Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics Vol.29 No.6

Straight access cavity design allows the operator to locate all canals, helps in proper cleaning and shaping, ultimately facilitates the obturation of the canal system. However, change in the fracture strength according to the access cavity designs was not clearly demonstrated yet. The purpose of this study was to determine the influence of different access cavity designs on the fracture strength in endodontically treated mandibular anterior teeth. Recently extracted mandibular anterior teeth that have no caries, cervical abrasion, and fracture were divided into three groups (Group 1 : conventional lingual access cavity, Group 2 : straight access cavity, Group 3 : extended straight access cavity) according to the cavity designs. After conventional endodontic treatment, cavities were filled with resin core material. Compressive loads parallel to the long axis of the teeth were applied at a crosshead speed of 2mm/min until the fracture occurred. The fracture strength analyzed with ANOVA and the Scheffe test at the 95% confidence level. The results of this study were as follows : 1. The mean fracture strength decrease in following sequence Group 1 (558.90 ± 77.40 N), Group 2 (494.07 ± 123.98 N) and Group 3 (267.33 ± 27.02 N). 2. There was significant difference between Group 3 and other groups (P = 0.00). Considering advantage of direct access to apical third and results of this study, straight access cavity is recommended for access cavity form of the mandibular anterior teeth

대전·충남지역 고등학교 1학년생의 풍진 항체보유율과 백신접종 후의 항체형성률

오성균,김수영,여경오,김윤태,최명한,이석구,조영채,이동배,이태용 충남대학교 의과대학 지역사회의학연구소 1998 충남의대잡지 Vol.25 No.2

For the purpose of investigating the positive rate of rubella antibody and sero-conversion rate after rubella vaccination, 863 high school students of the two regions were studied from April 21st, 1996 to September 20th, 1996. The main results were as follows; 1. Positive rate of IgG in male was higher than in female, and the rate of IgM was also higher in male than in female. 2. Positive rate of IgG by blood type was similar, but positive rate of IgM was higher in AB type than the others. 3. Positive rate of IgG by vaccination was similar to all groups, but positive rate of IgM was higher in which was not vaccinated group. 4. Positive rate of IgG and IgM, having vaccination card, was less than which was not having vaccination card. 5. Those who were vaccinated acquired IgG(+) regardless of an existence of IgG antibody, and 28.3% of IgG(-), IgM(+) male who was not vaccinated became IgM(+), IgG(+) after 3months later. As a result positive rate of male was higher than female. The author conclude that vaccination is necessary to prevent from rubella for them.

Thermal MOCVD와 DC pulsed PA-MOCVD에 의해 증착된 TiN 박막 연구

박용균,이영섭,이태수,이성재,조동율,천희곤 울산대학교 2001 공학연구논문집 Vol.32 No.1

유기화합물(TDEAT;Ti[N(C2H5)2]4)과 NH3를 이용하여 thermal MOCVD와 dc pulsed plasma assisted MOCVD(PA-MOCVD)인 2종류의 TiN박막을 증착하여 비교하였다. TiN박막의 특성분석은 XRD, AES, FE-SEM, α-step과 XPS로 연구하였다. DC pulsed plasma assisted MOCVD로 증착된 Tin박막은 ion bombardment 효과에 의해 열적으로 증착된 것보다 더 fine한 columnar구조를 나타내므로써 막의 결정질이 향상되었다. 플라즈마에서의 아르곤 이온의 충돌로 인해 탄소(C)는 오히려 유기 화합물보다 탄소 라디칼로 존재하였다. 따라서 탄소 라디갈은 기판의 강한 (-) potential에 의해 TiN박막에 trap되기 때문에 탄소(C)는 열적으로 증착된 TiN박막보다 더 많은 양이 존재하는 것으로 추정된다. By using of (TDEAT;Ti[N(C2H5)2]4)and ammonia gas source, we deposited two different TiN thin films with thermal MOCVD and dc pulsed plasma assisted MOCVD (PA-MOCVB). The properties of TiN thin films were studied by XRD, AES, FE - SEM, α - step and XPS analyses in this work. The TiN films deposited by dc pulsed PA - MOCVD have a little higher density and a fine columnar structure, compared with thermally deposited TiN thin films. This may be due to ion bombardment effect resulting in improved crystallinity in films. Carbon in the film may exist in the form of carbonic radical rather than organic compound because of collision with Ar ion in the plasma. Consequently, the content of carbon in the film of dc pulsed PA - MOCVD was higher than that in thermally deposited TiN films, because carbon radicals could be trapped in the film by strong negative potential of the substrate.