대퇴부 슬관절 테이핑 적용이 등속성 근력 및 근지구력의 변화에 미치는 영향

김유섭,이혜진 한국스포츠리서치 2004 한국 스포츠 리서치 Vol.15 No.1

Isokinetic muscle strength and endurance of 10 male athletes randomly sampled out of the undergraduates of W University were measured by using BiodexⅢ, an isokinetic measuring instrument, for the two periods, one with taping and another with no taping applied. From the outcomes of the measurement, following conclusion could be drawn: First, there was a significant difference(p<.05) in isokinetic muscle strength measured at the angular speed of 120°/sec as follows: 82.75±17.43Nm when taping was not employed at the extension muscle strength of peak torque; and 93.41±17.55Nm when taping was employed. Second, there was also a significant difference(p<.05) in isokinetic muscle strength at the angular speed of 60°/sec as follows: 154.53±49.47Jeuls when taping was not attached at the flexion muscle strength of total work; and 132.41±38.88Jeuls when taping was attached. Third, a significant difference(p<.05) was revealed in isokinetic muscle strength at the angular speed of 60°/sec as follows: 175.93±48.24watt when taping was not applied at the flexion muscle strength of average power; and 192.16±48.91watt when taping was applied. Fourth, a significant difference(p<.05) was also found in isokinetic endurance at the angular speed of 180°/sec as follows: 251.50±53.01watt when taping was not used at the flexion muscle strength of average power; and 264.75±50.04watt when taping was used. From the above findings, it becomes evident that taping bonded around femoral knee joints can be seen as an effective aid to improve muscle strength and endurance of athletes by instantly coping with their worries about repeated injuries and decreasing physical strength during the lengthy span of games.

수부화상의 이차적 치료

김용배,방유현,이진호,박종섭 大韓成形外科學會 1983 Archives of Plastic Surgery Vol.10 No.3

A functionless hand resulting from the sequalae of a thermal burn is very serious. It prevents restoration of socioeconomic behavior. Since the magnitude of this problem is rewards for the most deligent and competent primary care greater. It can not be emphasized too strongly the result of good primary care are always superior to what one can expect from secondary restoration. The pathogenesis of the functionless hand is caused by a triad of factors resulting from thermal injury that together lead to the rapid stiffening of joints and adhesion of tendons. This triad of factors is edema, inflammation, and immobilization. (Beasley, 1981) Thus, the principles for primary care of burned hands leading to rapid recovery and minimal complications are now established and many kinds of methods are proposed. But, despite much effort, many circumstances prevent ideal primary care and we are still confronted with the need for secondary repairs. Secondary repair of burned hands requires a careful, cojmprehensive and individualized plan for each patien, and with due respect to all the patient's problems. We reviewed 42 cases of the postburn hand deformities which were operated on in our Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery from 1976 to 1981.

야뇨증 환아들의 심리사회적 특성에 대한 다기관 연구 : 행동 및 정서 문제를 중심으로

조수철,김재원,신민섭,황준원,한상원,박관현,이상돈,김경도,김건석,서홍진,이유식,정재용,김영균,문두건,남궁미경,한창희,조원열,김영식,배기수,이종국,정우영,신의진 大韓神經精神醫學會 2005 신경정신의학 Vol.44 No.6

Objectives : The aim of this study was to examine the behavioral and emotional problems associated with nocturnal enuresis in Korean children. Methods : Three hundred eighteen children with nocturnal enuresis, together with their parents, completed the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL), Disruptive Behavior Disorder Scale according to DSM-IV (DBDS), Children's Depression Inventory (CDI), State-Trait Anxiety Inventory for Children (STAIC), and Piers-Harris Children's Self-Concept Scale (PHCSC). Ninety-three normal students were selected as the control group. Results : Compared to the normal control group, the mean scores with regard to the withdrawn, social problems, attention problems, delinquent behavior, aggressive behavior, externalizing problems and total problems profiles were significantly higher in the nocturnal enuresis group according to the CBCL results. The nocturnal enuresis group also scored significantly higher in the ADHD and ODD profiles of the DBDS. The nocturnal enuresis group was more depressed and anxious than the control group according to the results of the CDI and STAI. The mean score of the PHCSC was significantly lower in the nocturnal enuresis group when compared to the normal control group. Conclusion : The results of this study suggest that children with nocturnal enuresis in Korea have clinically relevant behavioral and emotional problems. The findings support the link between nocturnal enuresis and psychopathology in Korean children.

Triple isotope-[¹³C, ¹⁵N, ²H] labeling and NMR measurements of the inactive, reduced monomer form of Escherichia coli Hsp33

Lee, Yoo-Sup,Ko, Hyun-Suk,Ryu, Kyoung-Seok,Jeon, Young-Ho,Won, Hyung-Sik Korean Magnetic Resonance Society 2010 Journal of the Korean Magnetic Resonance Society Vol.14 No.2

Hsp33 is a molecular chaperone achieving a holdase activity upon response to a dual stress by heat and oxidation. Despite several crystal structures available, the activation process is not clearly understood, because the structure inactive Hsp33 as its reduced, zinc-bound, monomeric form has not been solved yet. Thus, we initiated structural investigation of the reduced Hsp33 monomer by NMR. In this study, to overcome the high molecular weight (33 kDa), the protein was triply isotope-[$^{13}C$, $^{15}N$, $^2H$]-labeled and its inactive, monomeric state was ensured. 2D-[$^1H$, $^{15}N$]-TROSY and a series of triple resonance spectra could be successfully obtained on a high-field (900 MHz) NMR machine with a cryoprobe. However, under all of the different conditions tested, the number of resonances observed was significantly less than that expected from the amino acid sequence. Thus, a possible contribution of dynamic conformational exchange leading to a line broadening is suggested that might be important for activation process of Hsp33.

Control of On–Off or Off–On Fluorescent and Optical [Cu²⁺] and [Hg²⁺] Responses via Formal Me/H Substitution in Fully Characterized Thienyl “Scorpionate”-like BODIPY Systems

Kim, Kibong,Choi, Shin Hei,Jeon, June,Lee, Hyosun,Huh, Jung Oh,Yoo, Jaeduk,Kim, Jong Taek,Lee, Chang-Hee,Lee, Yoon Sup,Churchill, David G. American Chemical Society 2011 Inorganic Chemistry Vol.50 No.12

<P>One 8-phenyl and two 8-mesityl-substituted “scorpionate”-like BODIPY-type species of the formula [3,4,4-tris(5-<I>R</I>-(2-thienyl))-8-(2,4,6-<I>R′</I>-phenyl)-4-bora-3a,4a-diaza-<I>s</I>-indacene (R = H, R′ = H, <B>3a</B>; R, = H, R′ = Me, <B>2a</B>; R, = Me, R′ = Me, <B>2b</B>)] have been synthesized and fully characterized. Importantly, differences in their solution (MeCN) optical Cu<SUP>2+</SUP> and Hg<SUP>2+</SUP> probing capacity via <I>SSS</I>-chelation were investigated. Compounds <B>2a</B>–<B>3a</B> were prepared from the requisite 8-substituted BODIPY complexes. They were characterized first by complete <SUP>1</SUP>H, <SUP>11</SUP>B and <SUP>13</SUP>C NMR spectroscopic assignments (CD<SUB>3</SUB>Cl or CD<SUB>3</SUB>C(O)CD<SUB>3</SUB>); the molecular structures of <B>2a</B> and <B>3a</B> were determined by X-ray crystallography. Compounds <B>2a</B>–<B>3a</B> were studied by UV–vis and fluorescence spectroscopy [Φ<SUB>F</SUB> = 0.27 ± 0.013 (<B>2a</B>); 0.024 ± 0.0016 (<B>2b</B>); 0.0034 ± 0.00047 (<B>3a</B>)]. Importantly, low [Cu<SUP>2+</SUP>] with <B>3a</B> (<3.0 × 10<SUP>–5</SUP> M) gave rise to an increase of fluorescence intensity (off–on; 6.3-fold), whereas with <B>2a</B> it decreased (on–off). When [Hg<SUP>2+</SUP>] (<3.0 × 10<SUP>–5</SUP> M) was added to <B>2b</B>, the λ<SUB>em,max</SUB> value increased (off–on<I>;</I> 3.2-fold), and for <B>2a</B>, it decreased (on–off). The association constant (<I>K</I><SUB>a</SUB>) for Hg<SUP>2+</SUP>·<B>2a</B> was determined to be 3120 ± 307 M<SUP>–1</SUP>. An approximate stoichiometric 1:1 binding determined by Job plot analysis is in line with successful DFT modeling of <I>SSS</I>-Cu<SUP>2+</SUP> binding for this system type. <SUP>1</SUP>H NMR spectroscopy also revealed tentative sets of product complex peaks. These simple differences caused by formal ligand Me-group incorporation are the first for any related fluorophores, to the best of our knowledge.</P><P>Three new “scorpionate”-like BODIPY species have been isolated and characterized. They exposed interesting differences in low [Cu<SUP>2+</SUP>] and [Hg<SUP>2+</SUP>] on−off and off−on fluorescence responses through formal methyl group placement into the fluorophore skeleton.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/inocaj/2010/inocaj.2010.50.issue-12/ic101681h/production/images/medium/ic-2010-01681h_0004.gif'></P><P><A href='http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/ic101681h'>ACS Electronic Supporting Info</A></P><P><A href='http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/ic101681h'>ACS Electronic Supporting Info</A></P><P><A href='http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/ic101681h'>ACS Electronic Supporting Info</A></P>

Unique Unfoldase/Aggregase Activity of a Molecular Chaperone Hsp33 in its Holding-Inactive State

Jo, Ku-Sung,Kim, Ji-Hun,Ryu, Kyoung-Seok,Kang, Joo-Seong,Wang, Chae-Yeon,Lee, Yoo-Sup,Seo, Min-Duk,Lee, Young-Ho,Won, Hyung-Sik Academic Press 2019 Journal of molecular biology Vol.431 No.7

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>The various chaperone activities of heat shock proteins contribute to ensuring cellular proteostasis. Here, we demonstrate the non-canonical unfoldase activity as an inherent functionality of the prokaryotic molecular chaperone, Hsp33. Hsp33 was originally identified as a holding chaperone that is post-translationally activated by oxidation. However, in this study, we verified that the holding-inactive reduced form of Hsp33 (<SUP>R</SUP>Hsp33) strongly bound to the translational elongation factor, EF-Tu. This interaction was critically mediated by the redox-switch domain of <SUP>R</SUP>Hsp33 and the guanine nucleotide-binding domain of EF-Tu. The bound <SUP>R</SUP>Hsp33, without undergoing any conformational change, catalyzed the EF-Tu aggregation by evoking the aberrant folding of EF-Tu to expose hydrophobic surfaces. Consequently, the oligomers/aggregates of EF-Tu, but not its functional monomeric form, were highly susceptible to proteolytic degradation by Lon protease. These findings present a unique example of an ATP-independent molecular chaperone with distinctive dual functions—as an unfoldase/aggregase and as a holding chaperone—depending on the redox status. It is also suggested that the unusual unfoldase/aggregase activity of <SUP>R</SUP>Hsp33 can contribute to cellular proteostasis by dysregulating EF-Tu under heat-stressed conditions.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Hsp33 was originally identified as an oxidation-dependent holding chaperone. </LI> <LI> Holding-inactive reduced form of Hsp33 (<SUP>R</SUP>Hsp33) specifically interacted with EF-Tu. </LI> <LI> <SUP>R</SUP>Hsp33-bound EF-Tu underwent an unfolding, leading to oligomerization/aggregation. </LI> <LI> EF-Tu oligomers/aggregates became susceptible to degradation by Lon protease. </LI> <LI> Aggregase activity of <SUP>R</SUP>Hsp33 can contribute to proteostasis by dysregulating EF-Tu. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical Abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

Deep Red Phosphorescence of Cyclometalated Iridium Complexes by <i>o</i>-Carborane Substitution

Bae, Hye Jin,Chung, Jin,Kim, Hyungjun,Park, Jihyun,Lee, Kang Mun,Koh, Tae-Wook,Lee, Yoon Sup,Yoo, Seunghyup,Do, Youngkyu,Lee, Min Hyung American Chemical Society 2014 Inorganic chemistry Vol.53 No.1

<P>Heteroleptic (C<SUP>∧</SUP>N)<SUB>2</SUB>Ir(acac) (C<SUP>∧</SUP>N = 5-MeCBbtp (<B>5a</B>); 4-BuCBbtp (<B>5b</B>); 5-BuCBbtp (<B>5c</B>); 5-(<I>R</I>)CBbtp = 2-(2′-benzothienyl)-5-(2-<I>R</I>-<I>ortho</I>-carboran-1-yl)-pyridinato-C<SUP>2</SUP>,N, R = Me and <I>n</I>-Bu; 4-BuCBbtp = 2-(2′-benzothienyl)-4-(2-<I>n</I>-Bu-<I>ortho</I>-carboran-1-yl)-pyridinato-C<SUP>2</SUP>,N, acac = acetylacetonate) complexes supported by <I>o</I>-carborane substituted C<SUP>∧</SUP>N-chelating ligand were prepared, and the crystal structures of <B>5a</B> and <B>5b</B> were determined by X-ray diffraction. While <B>5a</B> and <B>5c</B> exhibit a deep red phosphorescence band centered at 644 nm, which is substantially red-shifted compared to that of unsubstituted (btp)<SUB>2</SUB>Ir(acac) (<B>6</B>) (λ<SUB>em</SUB> = 612 nm), <B>5b</B> is nonemissive in THF solution at room temperature. In contrast, all complexes are emissive at 77 K and in the solid state. Electrochemical and theoretical studies suggest that the carborane substitution leads to the lowering of both the HOMO and LUMO levels, but has higher impact on the LUMO stabilization than the HOMO, resulting in the reduction of the triplet excited state energy. In particular, the LUMO stabilization in the 4-substituted <B>5b</B> is more contributed by carborane than that in the 5-substituted <B>5a</B>. The solution-processed electroluminescent device incorporating <B>5a</B> as an emitter displayed deep red phosphorescence (CIE coordinate: 0.693, 0.290) with moderate performance (max η<SUB>EQE</SUB> = 3.8%) whereas the device incorporating <B>5b</B> showed poor performance, as well as weak luminance.</P><P>The introduction of an <I>o</I>-carborane to the 4- or 5-position of the pyridine ring of a btp ligand in heteroleptic (C<SUP>∧</SUP>N)<SUB>2</SUB>Ir(acac) complexes leads to deep red phosphorescence, which is substantially red-shifted compared to that of (btp)<SUB>2</SUB>Ir(acac). The solution processed PhOLED devices incorporating the 5-carborane substituted Ir(III) complex as an emitter display moderate performance with deep red phosphorescence.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/inocaj/2014/inocaj.2014.53.issue-1/ic401755m/production/images/medium/ic-2013-01755m_0010.gif'></P><P><A href='http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/ic401755m'>ACS Electronic Supporting Info</A></P>

The Utility of Clinical Findings Including Serum TSH and Neck Ultrasonography for Predicting Thyroid Malignancy in Atypia of Undetermined Significance/Follicular Lesions of Undeter-mined Significance

Eun Mee Oh<SUP>1<,SUP>,Yoo Seung Chung<SUP>1<,SUP>,Won Jong Song<SUP>1<,SUP>,Yeun Sun Kim<SUP>2<,SUP>,Young Don Lee<SUP>1<,SUP> 대한갑상선-내분비외과학회 2013 The Koreran journal of Endocrine Surgery Vol.13 No.3

Purpose: Neck ultrasonography (NUS) is one of the most commonly used methods for evaluating thyroid nodules and preoperative higher TSH levels are known to be associated with differentiated thyroid cancers. This study was conducted to assess whether serum TSH levels and neck ultrasonography are of value in predicting malignancy in patients with atypia of undetermined significance/follicular lesions of undetermined significance (AUS). Methods: A total of 62 patients (7 men, 55 women; mean age 48.4±11.9 years) who had indeterminate cytologic results indicating AUS underwent thyroidectomy. Preoperative clinical data including serum TSH and the findings of NUS were analyzed retrospectively between malignant and non-malignant groups. Results: The final pathologic results of malignancy were reported in 53 of 62 (85.5%) patients with AUS. There was no significant difference in the mean value of preoperative serum TSH between malignant and non-malignant groups (1.5±1.3 vs. 1.9±1.2, P=NS). In NUS, the patients diagnosed with malignancy in histology showed a higher proportion of calcification, taller-than-wide shape, hypoechoic texture and irregular margin (58.5% vs. 22.2%, P=0.044; 34% vs. 0%, P=0.038; 98.1% vs. 44.4%, P<0.01; 47.2% vs. 0%, P= 0.008). Conclusion: Serum TSH was not related to malignancy in thyroid nodules showing AUS. However, ultrasonographic features including calcifications, taller-than-wide shape, hypoechoic pattern and irregular margin could be used to predict malignancy. Ultra-sonography should be the first useful methods when making decisions regarding mana-gement of thyroid nodules showing indeterminate cytologic results as AUS.

Myristoleic Acid Promotes Anagen Signaling by Autophagy through Activating Wnt/β-Catenin and ERK Pathways in Dermal Papilla Cells

( Youn Kyung Choi ),( Jung-il Kang ),( Jin Won Hyun ),( Young Sang Koh ),( Ji-hoon Kang ),( Chang-gu Hyun ),( Kyung-sup Yoon ),( Kwang Sik Lee ),( Chun Mong Lee ),( Tae Yang Kim ),( Eun-sook Yoo ),( H 한국응용약물학회 2021 Biomolecules & Therapeutics(구 응용약물학회지) Vol.29 No.2

Alopecia is a distressing condition caused by the dysregulation of anagen, catagen, and telogen in the hair cycle. Dermal papilla cells (DPCs) regulate the hair cycle and play important roles in hair growth and regeneration. Myristoleic acid (MA) increases Wnt reporter activity in DPCs. However, the action mechanisms of MA on the stimulation of anagen signaling in DPCs is not known. In this study, we evaluated the effects of MA on anagen-activating signaling pathways in DPCs. MA significantly increased DPC proliferation and stimulated the G2/M phase, accompanied by increasing cyclin A, Cdc2, and cyclin B1. To elucidate the mechanism by which MA promotes DPC proliferation, we evaluated the effect of MA on autophagy and intracellular pathways. MA induced autophagosome formation by decreasing the levels of the phospho-mammalian target of rapamycin (phospho-mTOR) and increasing autophagy-related 7 (Atg7) and microtubule-associated protein 1A/1B-light chain 3II (LC3II). MA also increased the phosphorylation levels of Wnt/β-catenin proteins, such as GSK3β (Ser⁹) and β-catenin (Ser⁵⁵² and Ser⁶⁷⁵). Treatment with XAV939, an inhibitor of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway, attenuated the MA-induced increase in β-catenin nuclear translocation. Moreover, XAV939 reduced MA-induced effects on cell cycle progression, autophagy, and DPC proliferation. On the other hand, MA increased the levels of phospho (Thr²⁰²/Tyr²⁰⁴)-extracellular signal regulated kinases (ERK). MA-induced ERK phosphorylation led to changes in the expression levels of Cdc2, Atg7 and LC3II, as well as DPC proliferation. Our results suggest that MA promotes anagen signaling via autophagy and cell cycle progression by activating the Wnt/β-catenin and ERK pathways in DPCs.

KR-31762, a Novel $K_{ATP}$ Channel Opener, Exerts Cardioprotective Effects by Opening $SarcK_{ATP}$ Channels in Rat Models of Ischemia/reperfusion-induced Heart Injury

Lee, Sung-Hun,Yang, Min-Kyu,Lim, Jong-Hyun,Seo, Ho-Won,Yi, Kyu-Yang,Yoo, Sung-Eun,Lee, Byung-Ho,Won, Hyung-Sik,Lee, Chang-Soo,Choi, Wahn-Soo,Shin, Hwa-Sup 대한약학회 2008 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.31 No.4

The cardioprotective effects of KR-31762, a newly synthesized $K^+_{ATP}$ opener, were evaluated in rat models of ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) heart injury. In isolated rat hearts subjected to 30-min global ischemia followed by 30-min reperfusion, KR-31762 (3 and 10 ${\mu}M$) significantly increased the left ventricular developed pressure (LVDP) and double product (heart rate ${\times}$ LVDP) after 30-min referfusion in a concentration-dependent manner, while decreasing the left ventricular end-diastolic pressure (LVEDP). KR-31762 also significantly increased the time to contracture (TIC) during ischemic period (20.0, 22.4 and 26.4 min for control, 3 and 10 ${\mu}M$, respectively), while decreasing the release of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) from the heart during 30 min reperfusion (30.4, 14.3 and 19.7 U/g heart weight, respectively). All these parameters except LDH release were reversed by glyburide (1 ${\mu}M$), a nonselective blocker of $K^+_{ATP}$ channel, but not by 5-hydroxydecanoate, a selective blocker of $mitoK^+_{ATP}$ channel. In anesthetized rats subjected to 45-min occlusion of left anterior descending coronary artery followed by 90-min reperfusion, KR-31762 significantly decreased the infarct size (60.8, 40.5 and 37.8% for control, 0.3 and 1.0 mg/kg, iv, respectively). KR-31762 slightly relaxed the isolated rat aorta precontracted with methoxamine ($IC_{50}:\;23.5\;{\mu}M$). These results suggest that KR-31762 exerts potent cardioprotective effects through the opening of sarcolemmal $K_{ATP}$ channel in rat hearts with the minimal vasorelaxant effects.