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Hepatocyte-specific Prominin-1 protects against liver injury-induced fibrosis by stabilizing SMAD7
Lee Hyun,Yu Dong-Min,Bahn Myeong-Suk,Kwon Young-Jae,Um Min Jee,Yoon Seo Yeon,Kim Ki-Tae,Lee Myoung-Woo,Jo Sung-Je,Lee Sungsoo,Koo Seung-Hoi,Jung Ki Hoon,Lee Jae-Seon,Ko Young-Gyu 생화학분자생물학회 2022 Experimental and molecular medicine Vol.54 No.-
Prominin-1 (PROM1), also known as CD133, is expressed in hepatic progenitor cells (HPCs) and cholangiocytes of the fibrotic liver. In this study, we show that PROM1 is upregulated in the plasma membrane of fibrotic hepatocytes. Hepatocellular expression of PROM1 was also demonstrated in mice (Prom1CreER; R26TdTom) in which cells expressed TdTom under control of the Prom1 promoter. To understand the role of hepatocellular PROM1 in liver fibrosis, global and liver-specific Prom1-deficient mice were analyzed after bile duct ligation (BDL). BDL-induced liver fibrosis was aggravated with increased phosphorylation of SMAD2/3 and decreased levels of SMAD7 by global or liver-specific Prom1 deficiency but not by cholangiocyte-specific Prom1 deficiency. Indeed, PROM1 prevented SMURF2-induced SMAD7 ubiquitination and degradation by interfering with the molecular association of SMAD7 with SMURF2. We also demonstrated that hepatocyte-specific overexpression of SMAD7 ameliorated BDL-induced liver fibrosis in liver-specific Prom1-deficient mice. Thus, we conclude that PROM1 is necessary for the negative regulation of TGFβ signaling during liver fibrosis.
Caveolin‐1 deficiency induces premature senescence with mitochondrial dysfunction
Yu, Dong‐,Min,Jung, Seung Hee,An, Hyoung‐,Tae,Lee, Sungsoo,Hong, Jin,Park, Jun Sub,Lee, Hyun,Lee, Hwayeon,Bahn, Myeong‐,Suk,Lee, Hyung Chul,Han, Na‐,Kyung,Ko, Jesang,Lee, Jae BLACKWELL PUBLISHING 2017 AGING CELL Vol.16 No.4
<P><B>Summary</B></P><P>Paradoxical observations have been made regarding the role of caveolin‐1 (Cav‐1) during cellular senescence. For example, caveolin‐1 deficiency prevents reactive oxygen species‐induced cellular senescence despite mitochondrial dysfunction, which leads to senescence. To resolve this paradox, we re‐addressed the role of caveolin‐1 in cellular senescence in human diploid fibroblasts, A549, HCT116, and Cav‐1<SUP><I>−/−</I></SUP> mouse embryonic fibroblasts. Cav‐1 deficiency (knockout or knockdown) induced cellular senescence via a p53‐p21‐dependent pathway, downregulating the expression level of the cardiolipin biosynthesis enzymes and then reducing the content of cardiolipin, a critical lipid for mitochondrial respiration. Our results showed that Cav‐1 deficiency decreased mitochondrial respiration, reduced the activity of oxidative phosphorylation complex I (CI), inactivated SIRT1, and decreased the NAD<SUP>+</SUP>/NADH ratio. From these results, we concluded that Cav‐1 deficiency induces premature senescence via mitochondrial dysfunction and silent information regulator 2 homologue 1 (SIRT1) inactivation.</P>
Lee, Tae-Hoon,Lee, Chang Min,Park, Sungsoo,Jung, Do Hyun,Jang, You Jin,Kim, Jong-Han,Park, Seong-Heum,Mok, Young-Jae The Korean Gastric Cancer Association 2017 Journal of gastric cancer Vol.17 No.4
Purpose: This study primarily aimed to investigate the short- and long-term remission rates of type 2 diabetes (T2D) in patients who underwent surgical treatment for gastric cancer, especially patients who were non-obese, and secondarily to determine the potential factors associated with remission. Materials and Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the clinical records of patients with T2D who underwent radical gastrectomy for gastric cancer, from January 2008 to December 2012. Results: T2D improved in 39 out of 70 (55.7%) patients at the postoperative 2-year follow-up and 21 of 42 (50.0%) at the 5-year follow-up. In the 2-year data analysis, preoperative body mass index (BMI) (P=0.043), glycated hemoglobin (A1C) level (P=0.039), number of anti-diabetic medications at baseline (P=0.040), reconstruction method (statistical difference was noted between Roux-en-Y reconstruction and Billroth I; P=0.035) were significantly related to the improvement in glycemic control. Unlike the results at 2 years, the 5-year data analysis revealed that only preoperative BMI (P=0.043) and A1C level (P=0.039) were statistically significant for the improvement in glycemic control; however, the reconstruction method was not. Conclusions: All types of gastric cancer surgery can be effective in short- and long-term T2D control in non-obese patients. In addition, unless long-limb bypass is considered in gastric cancer surgery, the long-term glycemic control is not expected to be different between the reconstruction methods.
Interferometric Monitoring of Gamma-Ray Bright AGNs: S5 0716+714
Lee, Jee Won,Lee, Sang-Sung,Hodgson, Jeffrey A.,Kim, Dae-Won,Algaba, Juan-Carlos,Kang, Sincheol,Kang, Jiman,Kim, Sungsoo S. American Astronomical Society 2017 The Astrophysical Journal Vol.841 No.2
<P>We present the results of very long baseline interferometry (VLBI) observations of gamma-ray bright blazar S5 0716+714 using the Korean VLBI Network (KVN) at the 22, 43, 86, and 129 GHz bands, as part of the Interferometric Monitoring of Gamma-ray Bright active galactic nuclei (iMOGABA) KVN key science program. Observations were conducted in 29 sessions from 2013 January 16 to 2016 March 1, with the source being detected and imaged at all available frequencies. In all epochs, the source was compact on the milliarcsecond scale, yielding a compact VLBI core dominating the synchrotron emission on these scales. Based on the multiwavelength data between 15 GHz (Owens Valley Radio Observatory) and 230 GHz (Submillimeter Array), we found that the source shows multiple prominent enhancements of the flux density at the centimeter (cm) and millimeter (mm) wavelengths, with mm enhancements leading cm enhancements by -16 +/- 8 days. The turnover frequency was found to vary between 21 and 69 GHz during our observations. By assuming a synchrotron self-absorption model for the relativistic jet emission in S5 0716+714, we found the magnetic field strength in the mas emission region to be <= 5 mG during the observing period, yielding a weighted mean of 1.0 +/- 0.6 mG for higher turnover frequencies (e.g., > 45 GHz).</P>
Lee Sungsoo,Park Jin-Seong,Hong Yongtaek 한국물리학회 2020 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.77 No.4
In this study, we report a substantial improvement in the long-term stability of low-temperature polycrystalline silicon (LTPS) thin-film transistors (TFTs) with a tandem gate insulator composed of silicon dioxide (SiO2) deposited by using atomic layer deposition (ALD) and plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD). Negative-bias temperature instability (NBTI) tests showed that threshold-voltage (ΔVth) shifts were significantly smaller than when only a plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) structure was used. We believe that the unique stoichiometric characteristics and the reduction in the interfacial trap density (Dit) produced by the SiO2 gate insulator that had been fabricated using ALD enhanced the long-term stability of the LTPS TFTs. These results suggest a tandem structure gate insulator with high-quality ALD-based SiO2 thin film can provide an important improvement in the characteristics of the p-channel LTPS TFTs required for advanced active matrix organic light-emitting diodes (AMOLEDs) applications.
과학로켓 3호(KSR-3) 자력계 데이터 분석을 통한 로켓비행자세 연구
이은석,장민환,이동훈,김성수,황승현,이선민 경희대학교 자연과학종합연구원 2003 자연과학논문집 Vol.9 No.1
2002년 11월에 발사된 KSR-3 과학 로켓에 탑재된 자력계의 데이터 처리 결과에 대해 논한다. KSR-3 과학 로켓에는 로켓의 비행 자세 정보 획득을 위한 Fluxgate 자력계인 AIM (Attitude Information Magnetometer)과 지구 자기장 섭동 측정용 Search-coil 자력계인 SIM (Scientific Investigation Magnetometer)인 2종류의 자력계가 탑재되었었다. KSR-3 과학 로켓의 발사부터 비행종료까지 총 비행시간 2314초 동안 AIM과 SIM에서 각 축별 데이터를 성공적으로 획득하였다. 먼저 AIM은 획득된 데이터를 수치계산법 및 자체 개발한 MFD_View 변환 프로그램, Spline 보정법을 이용하여 데이터를 분석하였고, 자체 개발한 비행정보 획득 프로그램을 이용하여 시간에 따른 로켓의 비행상태를 확인 중에 있다. 차후 로켓의 좌표값을 이용해 지구 자기장의 여러 성분값 및 데이터 처리 결과들을 비교 분석하여 자력계가 차후 발사되는 로켓의 자세제어에 적합한지 알아볼 예정이다. SIM은 지구 자기장 섭동 현상 관측 및 로켓의 이벤트에 대한 정보를 확인하였다. SIM 데이터는 로켓의 최고 고도가 427㎞밖에 안되어 지구 자기장 섭동 현상을 관측하지 못했으나 로켓의 시간대별 이벤트 현상을 확인할 수 있었다. We describe the result of the two onboard magnetometers of KARI(Korea Aerospace Research Institute)'s sounding rocket. KSR-3, which was launched in November 2002. The KSR-3 magnetometers consist of the fluxgate magnetometer, AIM(Attitude Information Magnetometer) for acquiring the rocket flight attitude information and the search-coil magnetometer, SIM(Scientific Investigation Magnetometer) for the observation of the Earth's magnetic field fluctuations. We acquired 3-axis data of the KSR-3 magnetometer AIM and SIM for 231.4 seconds flight time of science rocket AIM data was analyzed using numerical method, the MFD_View conversion program that we develop independently and Spline method. And we studied the rocket flight attitude information using flight information acquisition program that we developed. The resulting dc magnetic vector field was compared with the IGRF(International Geomagnetic Reference Field). Although SIM could not observe the Earths magnetic field fluctuation, it confirmed the various events of rocket.