Pain-Relieving Effects of mTOR Inhibitor in the Anterior Cingulate Cortex of Neuropathic Rats

Um, Sun Woo,Kim, Min Jee,Leem, Joong Woo,Bai, Sun Joon,Lee, Bae Hwan Springer US 2019 Molecular Neurobiology Vol.56 No.4

<P>The anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) is a well-known brain area that is associated with pain perception. Previous studies reported that the ACC has a specific role in the emotional processing of pain. Chronic pain is characterized by long-term potentiation that is induced in pain pathways and contributes to hyperalgesia caused by peripheral nerve injury. The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling, which is involved in synaptic protein synthesis, could be a key factor controlling long-term potentiation in neuropathic pain conditions. Until now, there have been no reports that studied the role of mTOR signaling in the ACC involved in neuropathic pain. Therefore, this study was conducted to determine the relationship of mTOR signaling in the ACC and neuropathic pain. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to cannula implantation and nerve injury under pentobarbital anesthesia. Microinjection with rapamycin into the ACC was conducted under isoflurane anesthesia on postoperative day (POD) 7. A behavioral test was performed to evaluate mechanical allodynia, and optical imaging was conducted to observe the neuronal responses of the ACC to peripheral stimulation. Inhibition of mTOR by rapamycin reduced mechanical allodynia, down-regulated mTOR signaling in the ACC, and diminished the expressions of synaptic proteins which are involved in excitatory signaling, thereby reducing neuropathic pain-induced synaptic plasticity. These results suggest that inhibiting mTOR activity by rapamycin in the ACC could serve as a new strategy for treating or managing neuropathic pain before it develops into chronic pain.</P>

갈색세포종 적출에 관한 마취경험예 보고

이경민,엄대자,윤경봉,지영석 대한마취과학회 1991 Korean Journal of Anesthesiology Vol.24 No.4

We have experienced an anesthetic management of a 39-year-old male patient with pheo-chromocytoma on left adrenal gland. The patient had been treated with prazosin for 2 weeks preoperatively and premedicated with lorazepam, diazepam and glycopyrrolate. Following induction of anesthesia with intravenous diazepam, fentanyl, thiopental sodium and vecuronium, endotracheal intubation was performed. After intubation, anethesia was maintained with O₂-N₂O-isoflurane and vecuronium. Blood pressure until tumor removal had been controlled with sodium nitroprusside and phentolamine. After tumor resection, blood pressure was controlled by Hartmanns solution, whole blood and dopamine administration. A tolerable blood pressure and pulse rate were maintained throughout the procedure.

A Single-Chip 32-Channel Analog Beamformer With 4-ns Delay Resolution and 768-ns Maximum Delay Range for Ultrasound Medical Imaging With a Linear Array Transducer

Ji-Yong Um,Yoon-Jee Kim,Seong-Eun Cho,Min-Kyun Chae,Byungsub Kim,Jae-Yoon Sim,Hong-June Park IEEE 2015 IEEE transactions on biomedical circuits and syste Vol.9 No.1

<P>A single-chip 32-channel analog beamformer is proposed. It achieves a delay resolution of 4 ns and a maximum delay range of 768 ns. It has a focal-point based architecture, which consists of 7 sub-analog beamformers (sub-ABF). Each sub-ABF performs a RX focusing operation for a single focal point. Seven sub-ABFs perform a time-interleaving operation to achieve the maximum delay range of 768 ns. Phase interpolators are used in sub-ABFs to generate sampling clocks with the delay resolution of 4 ns from a low frequency system clock of 5 MHz. Each sub-ABF samples 32 echo signals at different times into sampling capacitors, which work as analog memory cells. The sampled 32 echo signals of each sub-ABF are originated from one target focal point at one instance. They are summed at one instance in a sub-ABF to perform the RX focusing for the target focal point. The proposed ABF chip has been fabricated in a 0.13- μm CMOS process with an active area of 16 mm <SUP>2</SUP>. The total power consumption is 287 mW. In measurement, the digital echo signals from a commercial ultrasound medical imaging machine were applied to the fabricated chip through commercial DAC chips. Due to the speed limitation of the DAC chips, the delay resolution was relaxed to 10 ns for the real-time measurement. A linear array transducer with no steering operation is used in this work.</P>

Hepatocyte-specific Prominin-1 protects against liver injury-induced fibrosis by stabilizing SMAD7

Lee Hyun,Yu Dong-Min,Bahn Myeong-Suk,Kwon Young-Jae,Um Min Jee,Yoon Seo Yeon,Kim Ki-Tae,Lee Myoung-Woo,Jo Sung-Je,Lee Sungsoo,Koo Seung-Hoi,Jung Ki Hoon,Lee Jae-Seon,Ko Young-Gyu 생화학분자생물학회 2022 Experimental and molecular medicine Vol.54 No.-

Prominin-1 (PROM1), also known as CD133, is expressed in hepatic progenitor cells (HPCs) and cholangiocytes of the fibrotic liver. In this study, we show that PROM1 is upregulated in the plasma membrane of fibrotic hepatocytes. Hepatocellular expression of PROM1 was also demonstrated in mice (Prom1CreER; R26TdTom) in which cells expressed TdTom under control of the Prom1 promoter. To understand the role of hepatocellular PROM1 in liver fibrosis, global and liver-specific Prom1-deficient mice were analyzed after bile duct ligation (BDL). BDL-induced liver fibrosis was aggravated with increased phosphorylation of SMAD2/3 and decreased levels of SMAD7 by global or liver-specific Prom1 deficiency but not by cholangiocyte-specific Prom1 deficiency. Indeed, PROM1 prevented SMURF2-induced SMAD7 ubiquitination and degradation by interfering with the molecular association of SMAD7 with SMURF2. We also demonstrated that hepatocyte-specific overexpression of SMAD7 ameliorated BDL-induced liver fibrosis in liver-specific Prom1-deficient mice. Thus, we conclude that PROM1 is necessary for the negative regulation of TGFβ signaling during liver fibrosis.

The Mst1/2-BNIP3 axis is required for mitophagy induction and neuronal viability under mitochondrial stress

Jeong Dae Jin,Um Jee-Hyun,Kim Young Yeon,Shin Dong Jin,Im Sangwoo,Lee Kang-Min,Lee Yun-Hee,Lim Dae-sik,Kim Donghoon,Yun Jeanho 생화학분자생물학회 2024 Experimental and molecular medicine Vol.56 No.-

Mitophagy induction upon mitochondrial stress is critical for maintaining mitochondrial homeostasis and cellular function. Here, we found that Mst1/2 (Stk3/4), key regulators of the Hippo pathway, are required for the induction of mitophagy under various mitochondrial stress conditions. Knockdown of Mst1/2 or pharmacological inhibition by XMU-MP-1 treatment led to impaired mitophagy induction upon CCCP and DFP treatment. Mechanistically, Mst1/2 induces mitophagy independently of the PINK1-Parkin pathway and the canonical Hippo pathway. Moreover, our results suggest the essential involvement of BNIP3 in Mst1/2-mediated mitophagy induction upon mitochondrial stress. Notably, Mst1/2 knockdown diminishes mitophagy induction, exacerbates mitochondrial dysfunction, and reduces cellular survival upon neurotoxic stress in both SH-SY5Y cells and Drosophila models. Conversely, Mst1 and Mst2 expression enhances mitophagy induction and cell survival. In addition, AAV-mediated Mst1 expression reduced the loss of TH-positive neurons, ameliorated behavioral deficits, and improved mitochondrial function in an MPTP-induced Parkinson’s disease mouse model. Our findings reveal the Mst1/2-BNIP3 regulatory axis as a novel mediator of mitophagy induction under conditions of mitochondrial stress and suggest that Mst1/2 play a pivotal role in maintaining mitochondrial function and neuronal viability in response to neurotoxic treatment.

폐경에 따른 자궁경부 세포진 검사상 AGUS 의 임상 분석

석원익(Won Ik Seok),이광범(Kwang Byum Lee),이종민(Jong Min Lee),엄기남(Gi Nam Um),윤성준(Seong Jun Yoon),최수란(Soo Lan Choi),김석영(Seok Young Kim),김광준(Kwang Jun Kim),이순표(Soon Pyo Lee),이지성(Jee Seong Lee),박찬용(Chan Yong Pa 대한산부인과학회 2002 Obstetrics & Gynecology Science Vol.45 No.6

목적 : 폐경상태에 따른 자궁경부 세포진 검사상 AGUS의 조직학적 결과 및 진단적 접근방법의 차이에 대한 임상적 중요성을 평가하고자 하였다. 방법 : AGUS로 진단된 104명 중 추적관찰이 가능했던 87명을 대상으로 폐경상태에 따른 조직학적 결과 및 진단 방법에 대한 평가를 하였다. 결과 : AGUS로 진단된 87명 중 폐경기 이전의 환자와 폐경 후 환자는 각각 46예 (52.9%)와 41예 (47.1%) 이었다. 87명중 70명 (80.5%)에서 중요한 조직학적 소견을 보였고, 이중 침윤성 질환을 보인 폐경기 이전 및 폐경 후 환자는 각각 19명 (41.3%)과 31명 (75.6%)으로, 폐경 후 환자에서 폐경기 이전 환자에 비하여 침윤성 암종이 유의하게 많이 관찰되었다 (P=0.002). 또한 진단방법의 평가에 있어 폐경 후 환자에서 폐경기 이전 환자에 비하여 제2군의 검사가 통계적으로 유의하게 많이 필요하였다 (P=0.018). 결론 : 자궁경부 세포진 검사상 AGUS는 추후의 조직검사에서 비침윤성 및 침윤성 병변의 높은 빈도와 관련되어 있다. 특히 폐경 후 환자에서는 제 1군의 검사 후 설명되지 않는 AGUS 환자에서 자궁경 및 자궁내막 병변의 잠재성의 병리상태 뿐만 아니라 드물지만 위장관, 난관, 난소 또는 유방 등 자궁 이외의 병변의 가능성을 배제하기 위해 보다 적극적인 검사가 추천된다. Objective : To evaluate the clinical significance of AGUS including histologic results and diagnostic modalities according to menopausal status. Methods : One hundred and four patients with AGUS were identified. Corresponding biopsies were available for 87 of these cases. The evaluation for histologic results and diagnostic modalities was made according to menopausal status. Results : Among the 87 patients with AGUS, the number of premenopausal and menopausal patients were 46 (52.9%) and 41 (47.1%), respectively. Over all, 70 (80.5%) of 87 patients were found to have important histologic findings and of them, premenopausal and menopausal patients with invasive diseases were 19 (41.3%) and 31 (75.6%) respectively. There were significant differences in pathologic findings between premenopausal and menopausal patients indicating more invasive lesions in menopausal than premenopausal patients (p=0.002). For the evaluation of diagnostic modality, the second arm was significantly more needed for menopausal than premenopausal patients (p=0.018). Conclusion : AGUS on pap smear represents a cytologic diagnosis associated with high incidence of underlying preinvasive and invasive lesions, especially in postmenopausal patients. Thus aggressive work-up is recommended to rule out the potential pathologic conditions in endocervix, endometrium and rarely extrauterine lesions such as gastrointestinal, tubal, ovarian or breast in patients otherwise unexplained AGUS after careful first arm work-up.

Isolation of circadian-associated genes in Brassica rapa by comparative

Kim, Jin A,Yang, Tae Jin,Kim, Jung Sun,Park, Jee Young,Kwon, Soo Jin,Lim, Myung Ho,Jin, Min A,Lee, Sang Choon,Lee, Soo In,Choi, Beom Soon,Um, Sang Hee,Kim, Ho Il,Chun, Chang Hoo,Park, Beom Seok Korean Society for Molecular and Cellular Biology 2007 Molecules and cells Vol.23 No.2

Differential Proteomic Analysis of Secreted Proteins from Cutinase-producing Bacillus sp. SB-007

Ban, Yeon-Hee,Jeon, Mi-Ri,Yoon, Ji-Hee,Park, Jae-Min,Um, Hyun-Ju,Kim, Dae-Soon,Jung, Seung-Ki,Kim, Keun-Young,Lee, Jee-Won,Min, Ji-Ho,Kim, Yang-Hoon The Korean Society of Plant Pathology 2008 Plant Pathology Journal Vol.24 No.2

Bacillus sp. SB-007 was isolated from pea leaves harvested from the southwestern parts of South Korea through screening on a minimal medium containing 0.2% purified cutin for its ability to induce the cutinase production. However, no cutinase was produced when it was grown in a minimal medium containing 0.2% glucose. A proteomic approach was applied to separate and characterize these differentially secreted proteins. The expression level of 83 extracellular proteins of the cutinase-producing Bacillus sp. strain SB-007 incubated in a cutinase-induced medium increased significantly as compared with that cultured in a non cutinase-induced medium containing glucose. The extracellular proteome of Bacillus sp. SB-007 includes proteins from different functional classes, such as enzymes for the degradation of various macromolecules, proteins involved in energy metabolism, sporulation, transport/binding proteins and lipoproteins, stress inducible proteins, several cellular molecule biosynthetic pathways and catabolism, and some proteins with an as yet unknown function. In addition, the two protein spots showed little similarities with the known lipolytic enzymes in the database. These secreted proteome analysis results are expected to be useful in improving the Bacillus strains for the production of industrial cutinases.