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장민환,이윤정,이형근,문혜민,조은경 경찰대학 범죄수사연구원 2022 범죄수사학연구 Vol.8 No.1
A recent reform in the Korean Criminal Procedural Act demands Korean Police investigators to change their accusatory and confession-based interrogation practice and to secure reliable statement evidence from suspects by administering scientific interrogation techniques. Police investigators who can collect diverse physical and personal types of evidence before interrogation are the main body to use them while interrogating a suspect. However, the South Korean police has not yet provided field investigators with any proper guideline of using evidence strategically. The Strategic Use of Evidence (SUE) technique, introduced by Swedish legal psychologists, is grounded upon a series of empirical studies. Many scientists believe that police investigators can use the technique for their interrogations because of its ethical validity and scientific effectiveness. The SUE technique enables investigators strategically to assess evidence, to question, and to present the evidence to a suspect. Thus, we believe that the SUE technique can, to some extent, help solve the current interrogation issue that the police have encountered in the changing legal environment. Therefore, in this study, we seek to provide explanations of core psychological mechanisms, operational procedures, results from previous empirical studies, and theories that underlie the SUE technique. Then, we discuss its potential utility from psychological, practical, and legal perspectives, looking into how practictioners can use it in the South Korean context.
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증거-가설 검증(메트릭스)에 기반한 수사관의 확증편향 감소방안에 관한 연구
장민환,박노섭 한국경찰법학회 2022 경찰법연구 Vol.20 No.3
Police investigators’decision-making can be hugely influenced by confirmation bias at an early stage of a case, which then can have a rippling effect on all decisions made from the police to the court stage. However, it is inevitable that the investigators make use of heuristics based on what they learned and experienced in prior investigations. Investigators can take advantage of the heuristics when they need to make efficient and prompt decisions. It is notable that investigators can only secure testimonial evidence such as eyewitness’ or reporter’ statement instead of physical evidence such as CCTV footage, DNA, or fingerprint. This investigative environment can then put considerable pressure on the officers when charging decisions should be made without a delay, and they become reliant on and susceptible to the bias. The current legal system has not yet provided any guidance or methodology to minimize the reliance that can also objectify investigators’ crime hypotheses made in investigations. Therefore, this study initially set out to bridge the gap, introducing a tool that can assist investigators with making decisions, Evidence-Hypothesis Testing Matrix which was devised based on the principles of ACH (Analysis of Competing Hypothesis) and Evidence Framing Matrix of the Strategic Use of Evidence (SUE) technique. This matrix visualizes whether pieces of collected evidence disapproves each of investigative hypotheses, helping investigators opt for the most convincing hypothesis. We believe that this judgment tool, in turn, can contribute to supplementing investigation processes in terms of transparency, reliability, and objectivity. 수사관들은 사건 초기에 발생한 확증편향으로 인해 편향된 의사결정을 내릴 수 있고, 이러한 인지 오류는 사법절차의 마지막 단계인 재판 판결에까지 돌이킬 수 없는 파급력을 행사할 수 있다. 그러나, 수사관들은 이전 사건들을 처리하면서 얻은 수사경험들을 기반으로 필연적으로 휴리스틱을 사용하며, 이는 때로는 효율적이고 신속한 의사결정을 내릴 수 있게 해주는 이점을 가지고 있다. 주목할 점은 대부분의 수사 초기단계에서 수사관들은 범죄 혐의에 대해 명확히 설명해주는 직접증거 보다 신고자의 진술이나 정황 증거와 같은 간접증거들을 가지고 긴박하게 수사 결정을 내려야 한다는 것이다. 또한, 현행법상 수사 과정에서 수사관들이 설정한 범죄가설에 대하여 객관화할 수 있는 추론법이나 검증방법이 부재한 현실이다. 본 연구에서는 국외에서 소개된 ACH(경쟁가설 분석법)와 증거 매트릭스를 기반으로 경찰 수사관들의 의사결정 과정에서 활용될 수 있는 ‘증거-가설 검증표’를 고안하였다. 이 검증표는 수사관들이 확보한 증거들을 바탕으로 가설들을 반증하여 가장 설득력 있는 가설을 탐색하도록 시각화해주며, 피의자신문과 추가적인 수사에 있어서 좀 더 과학적이고 객관적으로 접근할 수 있도록 도와줄 수 있다. 이는 수사 절차적인 측면에 있어서 수사관들의 수사 방식과 결정의 신뢰성을 확보하는데 기여할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.
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가설적 추론, 역행 추론, 연역 추론, 귀납 추론과 경찰 수사 - 수사관의 추론과 가설 검증 과정의 체계화 필요성 -
장민환 경찰대학 범죄수사연구원 2025 범죄수사학연구 Vol.11 No.2
This study seeks to explore methods for enhancing the systematic reasoning abilities required of investigators within the new judicial environment. Investigators face inherent difficulties in verifying hypotheses regarding a suspect's charges due to cognitive biases, as well as limitations of evidence and legal application; therefore, a clear understanding of the reasoning process is essential to overcome these challenges. Accordingly, this paper aims to clearly establish the concepts and roles of abductive, retroductive, deductive, and inductive reasoning for investigative practitioners. Furthermore, it demonstrates that these four forms of reasoning function as a dynamic, cyclical process of organic interaction, and discusses practical methods for the systematic verification of hypotheses. By providing a theoretical foundation for investigative reasoning, this study aims to contribute to the strengthening of professional capabilities that meet the demands of the era of accountable investigation by enhancing the objectivity and reliability of investigations.
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장민환 경희대학교 자연과학종합연구원 2003 자연과학논문집 Vol.9 No.1
국내 최초로 국산 로켓에 의해 2005년 12월 발사 예정인 과학기술위성 2호(Science and Technology Satellite-2 STSAT-2)의 주탑재체로 진공자외선 태양카메라(Lyman-α Imaging Solar Telescope LIST)의 개발이 진행 중이다. 개발은 2002년 10월부터 국내 여러 대학의 연구진이 참여하는 경희대학교 우주탑재체 연구센터에서 주관하고 있으며 현재 Preliminary Design Review(PDR)를 준비하는 단계에 있다. 본 논문에서는 LIST의 개요와 현재까지의 개발 상황을 소개한다. The Lyman-a Imaging Solar Telescope(L1ST) is a project funded by the Korean government to fly on the second Korean Science and Technology Research Satellite (STSat-2) scheduled to launch in December 2005. The LIST is developed at the Space Payload Research Center (SPARC), a consortium of Korean universities and institutions formed to develop scientific research projects in space. The goal of the LIST is to design, build, and operate an instrument which will image the full disk of the Sun from Earth orbit at the wavelength of the Hydrogen Lyman-a emission line at 121.6 ㎚. The LIST, currently on the stage of preparing for a Preliminary Design Review(PDR), is consists of a Cassegrain type telescope, 3 filters to isolate the 1216 nm wavelength. a CCD camera, electronic boards.
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