김밥과 그 재료의 세균수 측정

강국희,김혜란,고애경,김경민,최선규 성균관대학교 생명과학자원연구소 1994 生命資源科學硏究 Vol.1 No.2

We have investigated the distribution of bacteria in kimbab and its materials. The total bactria counts were over 3×10 exp(6)/g(n=30) when the kimbabs were delivered to restaurant and it exceeded the prieliminary legal level 1 × 10 exp(6)/g even though it should be negative for coliforms. In order to look into the cause of bacterial contamination in kimbabs, we examined the content materials of kimbabs. The bacterial counts were founded 10^4-10^8/g for Kim, 10^4-10^8/g for sausage, 10^4-10^6/g for spinach, 10^3-10^7/g for carrot, and 10^3-10^6/g for danmugi, respectively. From these results it could be concluded that the bacterial contamination in Kimbabs are due to kim, spinach, carrot, and sausage. Therefore, so as to reduce the bacterial contamination for kimbab, the sanitary manufacture and storage of kim and the refrigeration of content materials should be went abreast.

초등학생에서 인두배양과 항-OF 항체 보유율

정현주,김선주,김윤정,맹국영,정현주,김선주,김윤정,맹국영 대한임상병리학회 1998 대한임상병리학회지 Vol.18 No.3

The Relation Between Local Hysteresis Losses and Remanent Magnetic Fields in HTSC Films

Muyong Kim,Heeyeon Park,Chan Kim,Sang-Kook Park,Ri, H.-C Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers 2017 IEEE transactions on applied superconductivity Vol.27 No.4

<P>Various critical state models have been developed to understand the hysteresis loss mechanism of high-temperature superconducting (HTSC) films. The analytic relation between the hysteresis loss and the remanent field was obtained based on Bean's critical state model for thin films in the full-penetration case. Furthermore, numerical calculation of local hysteresis loops was carried out by Kim's critical state model. In this paper, we investigated local hysteresis losses for a GdBCO coated conductor by using low-temperature scanning Hall probe microscopy and reproduced the experimental results by applying the critical state model. Because of the demagnetizing effect in thin films, analysis of local hysteresis losses can be useful approach to understand of total hysteresis losses.</P>

한국 대외전략의 기저 : 안보를 중심으로

김국진 한국전략문제연구소 1998 전략연구 Vol.5 No.3

Since December last year the IMF economic crisis has been hitting hard the South Korean economy, resulting in cutting down drastically its erstwhile economic prowess and, thus, in bringing about somewhat serious negative impacts on such non-economic areas as defense, diplomacy, and security, let alone economic sectors. It would be all the more difficult externally for South Korea, because the strategic consequences of the current economic crisis in East Asia in which South Korea as an individual country has been directly involving, could be far-reaching and serious, and would, provide, therefore, the latter with much uncertain and unstable regional security environment in East Asia, let alone coping with various sorts of security threats from North Korea, which has long been gripped by the serious socio-economic crisis as a 'failed' or 'failing' state regime. Against this backdrop, this paper aims in the main at identifying the major underpinnings of the ROK's external strategy especially in terms of security dimension, in the midst of the IMF crisis. In order to meet this research objective. we attempted to analyze in this paper. first of all. manifold, either manifest or potential. constraints coming from the current IMF economic crisis as regards the South Korea's conducting foreign as well as security policies, especially in terms of a broadened concept of comprehensive security rather than the military-oriented, narrow-scoped security one. Therefore, we have not directly dealt with defense or military policies in this paper. As a result of the analysis along the line of research suggested above. we have discerned several crucial research findings such as: (1) The current economic crisis in East Asia including South Korea seems to be a defining event of the post-Cold War interstate order in the region. especially marking the start of the second phase of the post-Cold-War regional strategic order, which will be more uncertain and changeable than the previous period from 1989-97. The strategic consequences of the IMF economic crisis in East Asia could be far-reaching: the South Korea's drastically curtailed economic capacity in dealing with long crisis-ridden North Korea, and inter alia. the economic downturn alters a central factor in the East Asian regional stability and cohesion, as underpinned by economic growth during last several decades. (2) Given a damaging impact of the current economic crisis in East Asia on maintaining regional stability and cohesion, and crucial strategic implications emanating from the regional economic crisis as such. the security environment in the region. which connotes the South Korea's external security environment. will be much uncertain and unstable in the years to come. It is in this context that South Korea has been doubly burdened, since its constraints as regards the pursuing of foreign and security policies, owing to the IMF economic crisis, would be all the more pronounced and perhaps increased because of a much uncertain and unstable security environment in East Asia. (3) It is certain that the current economic crisis in East Asia, as well as that in South Korea, is likely to make North Korea more difficult in managing to get food aids from the outside, Perhaps this situation may press the Kim Jong-il regime in North Korea to take either an option of military adventurism or a somewhat reconciliatory posture toward the South. Given several factors currently bearing upon both internal and external situations in North Korea such as: namely. internally on the one hand, a topmost priority of maintaining the Kim Jong-il regime and the really serious socio-economic crisis within the North Korean society; externally on the other, the 'soft-landing' policies of the four major powers ( the USA, China, Japan and Russia) toward North Korea, and the Kim Dae-jung government's 'Sunshine' policy vis-a-vis the North, it is our view in this paper that on balance North Korea would be likely to take an option nearer to a reconciliatory posture than a military adventurist line on a continuum from the two above extremely opposite policy options in the years ahead. At the same time we share the view to some extent that there remains a possibility of the so-called collapse scenarios' either 'implosion' or 'explosion', being translated into a reality, albeit being very slim at this stage. Finally, we have suggested in this paper the three specific security policy directions which are directly related to some major underppings of the South Korea's external security strategy, especially in this difficult era of the IMF economic crisis, as follows: First, we should exert all our endeavors in establishing a working peace-system on the Korean peninsula, mainly based upon a two-pronged strategy namely, maintaining our strong 'deterrence strategy' on the one hand and pursuing aggressive 'engagement policy' on the other, with respect to Inducing North Korea out of its self-imposed isolation. Second, we should take maximum advantage of the four major powers'(USA, China, Japan and Russia) deep concern with, and deep interests in, the 'North Korean problem' and pursuing 'soft-landing policies respectively toward the North. Herein. we should continue to strive to see it to that the North may turn to a peaceful coexistence with the South throughout such existing sorts of multilateral approaches to the Korean peninsula as, namely, carrying out the KED 0 project and advancing the four-party talks, together with exerting efforts for improving inter-Korean relations. Our strenuous efforts for establishing a peace-system on the Korean peninsula, as suggested above, would, in effect, turn out to be greatly conducive to promoting our unification diplomacy visa-a-vis the four powers surrounding the Korean peninsula. Last but not least, we should continue to exert all our efforts in realizing the forging of a multilateral security cooperation regime in Northeast Asia, i.e., a very crucial strategic environment, thereby providing the regional peace and prosperity, namely, 'collective good' beneficial to all the countries across the region.

안과종합검진의 유용성

임수현(Soo Hyun Lim),김국영(Kook Young Kim),정재근(Jae Keun Chung)한재욱(Jae Wook Han),김응수(Ungsoo Samuel Kim) 대한검안학회 2020 Annals of optometry and contact lens Vol.19 No.2

Purpose: To investigate the efficacy and detection rate of disease in the customized eye examination program. Methods: We reviewed the medical charts of 122 patients who have conducted the customized eye examination program from January 2018 to January 2019 in Kim’s Eye Hospital retrospectively. The customized eye examination program consisted of visual acuity test, intraocular pressure measurement, color vision test, slit-lamp examination, visual field tests, fundus photography, spectral domain optical coherence tomography (Cirrus HD-OCT, Zeiss), Optical Quality Analysis System (OQAS, Visiometrics, Terrassa, Spain), and dry eye test (LipiView II TearScience, Morrisville, NC, USA). The rate of newly diagnosed diseases and vision-threatening disorders including glaucoma and retinal disorders were calculated. Results: A total of 122 patients (46 males and 76 females, mean age; 47.8 ± 14.0 years old, from 22 to 85 years) were included. Nine patients (14 eyes) had a poor vision of less than 0.8. Newly detected diseases were found in 17 patients (13.9%), and among them, 10 glaucoma (8.2%) and retinal disorders (5.7%) were included. When it comes to glaucoma, 7 patients were diagnosed with definite glaucoma with visual field loss, and 3 patients had preperimetric glaucoma. Retinal disorders were composed of 5 epiretinal membranes, 1 diabetic retinopathy, and 1 central serous chorioretinopathy. Conclusions: Various diseases were identified by the customized eye examination program, and vision-threatening diseases such as glaucoma and retinal disorders were found. Therefore, a regular eye examination is needed to detect the serious ocular diseases in the early stage.

Myelodysplastic Syndrome의 혈액학적 소견

박찬정,조한익,김상인,이재훈,김병국,김노경 大韓血液學會 1984 大韓血液學會誌 Vol.19 No.2

복합 산화법과 MEMS 기술을 이용한 RF용 두꺼운 산화막 에어 브리지 및 공면 전송선의 제조

김국진,박정용,이동인,이봉희,배영호,이종현,박세일 한국센서학회 2002 센서학회지 Vol.11 No.3

본 논문에서는 양극반응과 복합 산화법( H_2O/O_2 분위기에서 500℃, 1시간 열산화와 1050℃, 2분간 RTO(Rapid Thermal Oxidation) 공정)을 이용한 두꺼운 OPSL(Oxidized Porous Silicon Layer)을 형성하여 이를 마이크로머시닝 기술을 이용함으로써 10 ㎛두께의 OPS(Oxidized Porous Silicon) 에어 브리지를 제조하고, 그 위에 전송선로를 형성하여 그 RF 특성을 조사하였다. OPS 에어 브리지 위에 형성된 CPW(Coplanar Waveguide)의 손실이 OPSL 위에 형성된 전송선의 삽입손실보다 약 2 dB 정도 적은 것을 보여주었으며, 반사손실은 OPSL 위에 형성된 전송선의 반사손실보다 적으며 약 -20 dB를 넘지 않고 있다. 본 연구에서 개발한 산화된 다공질실리콘 멤브레인 및 에어 브리지 구조는 CMOS 공정 후에 사용 가능하며, 초고주파 회로 설계시 편리성과 유용성을 제시하고 있다. This paper proposes a 10 ㎛ thick oxide air-bridge structure which can be used as a substrate for RF circuits. The structure was fabricated by anodic reaction, complex oxidation and micromachining technology using TMAH etching. High quality films were obtained by combining low temperature thermal oxidation (500 ℃,1 hr at H_2O/O_2) and rapid thermal oxidation (RTO) process (1050 ℃, 2min). This structure is mechanically stable because of thick oxide layer up to 10 ㎛ and is expected to solve the problem of high dielectric loss of silicon substrate in RF region. The properties of the transmission line formed on the oxidized porous silicon (OPS) air-bridge were investigated and compared with those of the transmission line formed on the OPS layers. The insertion loss of coplanar waveguide (CPW) on OPS air-bridge was (about 2 dB) lower than that of CPW on OPS layers. Also, the return loss of CPW on OPS air-bridge was less than about - 20 dB at measured frequency region for 2.2 mm. Therefore, this technology is very promising for extending the use of CMOS circuitry to higher RF frequencies.

現代企業의 人間管理에 관한 硏究 : 人間觀의 變遷을 中心으로

金範國 제주대학 1978 논문집 Vol.10 No.1

1. The most important task in business management is human management. Moreover, most enterprises in this country have recently been confronted with human shortage. Though in order to overcome this problem we can consider devices of different kinds, first of all, if management methods received human resources as a human being must not be groped, even a certain scientific approaches can't motivate human resources. This paper is aimed at planning rational manpower management methods which car cooperative with their organizations reform spontaneously through satisfying a person's satisfactory totradilional management. 2. A ch ange view can be deployed by three steps as follows: The first step; In the prescientific-management and scientific-management the worker had been reduced to the role of all impersonal cog in the machine of production. Jobs became more and more narrowly specialized until a person had little appreciation for his or her contribution to the total product. Naturally, the worker had very little, if any, involvement and pride in the job. Although very significant technological advances were made in period and managers become more and more professional, this approch was that it dehumanized the organizational member. The worker was assumed to be without emotion and capable of being scientifically manupilated, just like a machine. The welter was seen simply as a factor of production like a machine. The second step(Human relations approach); According to Mayo, effective management involve leading persons, not manipulating robots. Therefore, higher productivity was not necessarily achieved by positive financial incentives or improved physical working conditions. Indeed the Hwathorne experiments demonstrated that neither deterioration nor improvement in physical working conditions necessarily had significant effect on productivity. Taylor presented the worker as a wage-maximizing individual in isolation, Mayo on the other hand, insisted that the worker acts in natural solidarity with other worker. One is not necessarily responsive only to economic incentives, but is also a product of personal sentiments and emotional involvements. A person is often nonlogical in thinking, with one overriding motive: the desire to stand well with associates. The third step(Behavioral science approach): An extention of the humman relations approach is the behavioral science approach. Behavioral scientists take a much broader view of human behavior in organizations. This disciplins allow the inverstigation of organizational behavior with fewer preconceived notions but how people should be managed or how they should react. The result is a move objective and value-free approach to understanding persons in organizations than was fallen by early human relations writers. 3. From the charcteristics and abilities outlined above as fundamental to executive sucess, it may be concluded that the ideal, successful executive is a respected, highly motivated and creative leader who can effectively manage the works of other people. The key to effective motivation lies in the satisfaction of the employees' objectives through participation in decision malting process such as job enlargement or job enrichment, participative leadership, project team and organization development.

사구체 수의 증감을 비교할 수 있는 기준 개발

김용진,이지은,이국주,최영호,홍정석 영남대학교 기초/임상의학연구소 2001 Yeungnam University Journal of Medicine Vol.18 No.1

Background: The number of glomerulus has been considered one of the etiologic factors especially for focal segmental glomerulosclerosis. However, glomeruli are too many to calculate them correctly. Although the fractionator method has became convinced, in which they used selected sections, not whole kidney sections, with same intervals, it is also very hard to get good results. Because it is still very time-consuming and laborous work which leads to make big observers' biases. Methods and Materials: We designed the index for glomerular number to estimate the tendency of increase or decrease of the number of it in different kidneys and which was evaluated by other conventional methods including fractionator method. Index was based upon the theory by Nyengaard; "the number of glomerulus correlates with the weight of kidney, which is positively correlated with body weight". Calculating formula is the number of glomeruli/surface areas of cortices, which contain calculacted glomeruli multiplies by kidney weight/body weight. Results: We applied this index to kidneys of FGSKist mouse and those of RFM/Nga mouse. The former is spontaneous glomerulosclerosis model with heavy protein uria and renal faille and the latter is the mother side of FGS/Kist mouse but has no glomerular disease or protein aria. The number of glomerulus of FGS/Kist mouse was decreased by 30% to those of RFM/Nga mouse. Conclusion: This index was useful and reliable for estimating the relative glomerular number between two groups.

로더의 회심적 변형이론

김국환 聖潔大學校 聖潔神學硏究所 2002 聖潔神學硏究 Vol.7 No.-