국민국가변화와 한국의 개혁과제

김형국(Hyung Kook Kim),김석준(Suk Joon Kim),김형식(Hyung Sik Kim),이국영(Kook Young Lee),이종철(Chong Chul Lee),이효선(Hyo Sun Lee) 한국국제정치학회 1997 國際政治論叢 Vol.37 No.1

가정용 수경식물 재배기기 디자인 연구 -상추재배를 중심으로-

김국영 ( Kook Young Kim ),김창현 ( Chang Hyun Kim ) 한국상품문화디자인학회 2015 상품문화디자인학연구 Vol.42 No.-

최근 건강을 생각하는 먹거리의 추세 변화가 양보다 질 위주의 유기농 및 친환경 등을 이용하여 재배하는 작물에 대한 관심이 높아지고 있다. 이는 출처를 알 수 없는 불량식품뿐만 아니라 국내 대기업 식품사들까지 먹거리에 대한 불신을 야기 시킨 사례들로 인해 전체적인 불신으로 확대되어 사회적 관심사로 부각되고 있는 상황이다. 이러한 시점에서 먹거리에 대한 불신을 조금이나마 해소하려는 일환으로, 재배조건이 까다 롭지 않으며, 성장기간이 짧은 상추재배를 중심으로 가정용 수경식물 재배기기를 연구하였다. 식물과 식물재배 그리고 수경식물 등을 고찰하여 이론적 배경으로 삼았으며, 식물재배에 관련된 현황과 기기에 대하여 정리 하였고, 실물 제작에 필요한 부품과 스팩에 관하여 시장조사 후 배치도 도면 및 모형을 진행 하였다. 정형화된 기기를 소비자가 직접 원하는 공간에 배치할 수 있는 심플하고 가벼운 외형과 직관적으로 사용할수 있도록 한, 원 버튼 시스템화를 통하여 간편성을 부여하여 디자인하였다. 본 연구는 식물재배공장 형태 및 대형화의 모습을 띄고 있는 식물재배 산업을 통하여, 가정용 수경식물 재배기기의 조건을 찾아 프로토타입 모델을 제시하였다. 이는 향 후 그 다양해 질 수 있는 연구 개발에 디자인 가이드라인으로 활용될 수 있으며, 나아가 가정용 타 식물재배기기 디자인 개발 시 구조와 배치, 사양 등이 참고로 활용되길 기대한다. In recently, changes in the foods you think your health is a priority quality over quantity. This has increased interest in crops grown using organic and eco-food, etc. This distrust of junk food and food companies, domestic enterprises for people with no source has been extended to the overall distrust, the situation emerging as a social concern. In this point, I want to relieve a little bit of distrust in food. Lettuce is not picky to grow. And a short growing season. So, I was studied Lettuce cultivation, hydroponic plant cultivation household appliances. I investigated plants, plant cultivation, hydroponic plants. Due to them, Make the theoretical background. And, I was investigate the current status and device related to plant cultivation. And, After market research with respect to the parts required and specific to the real, I was going to design. This is a canonical consumer devices directly to a simple and lightweight appearance that can be placed in the desired space. And it was designed to give you a one-button simplicity through systematized so that you can use intuitively. After this direction can be used as design guidelines which can be diverse research and development. I hope and expect this paper is used as reference in other studies. When growing plants for home appliances design development to construction and layout, specifications, etc.

수정체낭원형절개 확장이 백내장 수술 후 인공수정체의 회전에 미치는 영향

김국영,진경현,Kook Young Kim,MD,Kyung Hyun Jin,MD,PhD 대한안과학회 2012 대한안과학회지 Vol.53 No.3

Purpose: To evaluate the effects of anterior capsulotomy extension on the rotational stability of four different types of intraocular lenses (IOLs) and to analyze factors influencing IOL rotation. Methods: The present single-center prospective study was comprised of 128 cataract patients (151 eyes) who underwent cataract surgery and received AcrySof IQ SN60WF, Tecnis ZA9003, Akreos MI60, or Zeiss XL Stabi ZO from March 2010 to December 2010. Sixty-four eyes received an anterior capsulotomy extension which was unintentionally created or performed using Vannas scissors after capsulorrhexis to prevent anterior capsular contracture. After pupil dilation, a digital retroillumination image of the IOL was taken on the operative day and 7 days postoperatively. Results: There was no statistically significant difference in IOL rotation between the 4 types of IOL (p > 0.05). The anterior capsulotomy extension group (2.72 ± 2.42°) and the non-extension group (3.24 ± 2.16°) did not show statistically significant differences in IOL rotation (p > 0.05). A positive correlation was observed between age and IOL rotation. Axial length, anterior chamber depth, and anterior chamber volume did not affect the degree of rotation. Conclusions: Among the 4 types of IOLs, there was no significant difference in rotational stability. Anterior capsulotomy extension to prevent anterior capsular contracture is not likely to significantly affect the rotational stability of IOLs; the 4 different types of IOL were stable in the eye and suitable as toric IOLs for correction of astigmatism. J Korean Ophthalmol Soc 2012;53(3):403-411

안정제에 의한 젖산균 및 효모를 이용한 전통 안동식혜의 저장

김성(Sung Kim),손준호(Jun-Ho Son),조국영(Kook-Young Jo),손규목(Ku-Mok Son),최청(Cheong Choi) 한국식품과학회 1998 한국식품과학회지 Vol.30 No.6

Modification of Endothelium on Contractile Response of Brain Vessels to Contracting Agents

국영종,백영홍,김종근,최봉규,최수형,김연인,Kook, Young-Johng,Baik, Yung-Hong,Kim, Jong-Keun,Choi, Bong-Kyu,Choi, Soo-Hyung,Kim, Yung-In The Korean Society of Pharmacology 1988 대한약리학잡지 Vol.24 No.2

돼지, 가표 및 가토의 뇌동맥에서 기저동맥 (basilar artery, BA)과 circle of willis동맥 (WC)의 동맥환을 만들어 혈관수축제와 calcium 길항제의 효과 그리고 내피세포의 역할은 검토하였다. 돼지 BA와 WC에 서 norepinephrine (NE), phenylephrine (PE)및 epinephrine (EP)은 propranolol $10^{-6}M$ 전처리하에서 그리고 KCI, histamine, 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) 및 angiotensin은 모두 용량의존성 수축반응을 일으켰다. 그 최대수축력은 angiotensin에서 가장 적었고, 5-HT에서 가장 강력하였다. KCI 35 mM수축반응은 calcium 길항제로 용량의존성으로 억제되었고, 그 효력은 nifedipine > > diltiazem > flunarizine > oxybutynin > isosorbide dinitrate (ISDN) > glycerl trinitrate의 순서였다. 5-HT $10^{-5}M$의 수축반응은 nifedipine으로는 용량의존성으로 억제 되었으나 diltiazem과 ISDN으로는 경미한 억제만을 일으켰다. 내피세포동맥환에서 KCI 35 mM의 수축반응은 acetylcholine (ACh)으로 거의 영향받지 않았으나 $PGF_{2{\alpha}}\;10^{-5}M$의 수축반응은 ACh과 adenosine으로 용량의존성으로 억제되었고, 이 내피세포 의존성억제는 nifedipine $10^{-6}M$로는 영향받지 않으나 methylene blue $50\;{\mu}M$로는 현저히 억제되었다. 네피제거동맥환에의 $PGF_{2{\alpha}}$의 수축반응은 ACh의 영향이 없거나 더욱 수축되었다. 내피세포를 제거하지 않은 가토흉부대동맥편을 bath에 함께 넣어주면 ACh의 용량의존성 이완반응이 나타났고 이 이완반응도methylene blue로 억제되었다. 가묘 BA와 WC에서 5-HT와 NE는 용량의존성 수축반응을 일으켰고 ACh도 내피세포 존재유무와 관계없이 강력한 용량의존성 수축반응을 일으켰으며 그 최대수축력은 ACh에서 가장 강력하였다. 내피세포동맥환에서 5-HT $10^{-5}M$의 수축반응은 ACh에 의하여 이완반응없이 더욱 수측되었다. 가토 BA에서 5-HT와 NE는 응량의존성 수축반응을 일으졌고5-HT의 수축반응이 더욱 현저하였다. 내피세포동맥환에서 5-HT $10^{-5}M$의 수축반응은 ACh $10^{-5}M$로 현저하게 이완되있고 이 내피세포의존성 이완반응은 atropine $10^{-7}M$로는 억제되었으나 diltiazem $10^{-6}M$로는 거의 억제되지 않았다. 이상의 실험성적은 돼지와 가토의 뇌동맥에서 ACh은 내피세포-의존성 이완반응을 일으키며그 이완반응은 muscarinic receptor를 통해 나타났고, 가묘뇌동맥에서 ACh은 혈관수축제의 역할을 갖고 있음을 시사하고 있다. To delineate the mechanisms of vasoconstriction and vasodilation in cerebral arteries the effects of some vasoconstrictors and calcium antagonists on the basilar artery (BA) and arterial circle of Willis (WC) were examined and also the role of endothelium in the action of these drugs was investigated in pigs, cats and rabbits. In pig cerebral arteries, dose-dependent contractile responses were elicited by KCI, histamine, 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) and angiotensin, but norepinephrine (NE), phenylephrine (PE) and epinephrine (EP) elicited dose-dependent contractions only under pretreatment with propranolol 10-6 M. The magnitudes of maximal contractile effects of these drugs were different from each other, and 5-H~ was the largest and angiotensin the smallest. Some calcium antagonists dose-dependently inhibited KCI (35 mM)-induced contraction and the order of potency in inhibiting the contraction was nifedipine > > diltiazem > flunarizine > oxybutynin > isosorbide dinitrate (ISDN) > glyceryl trinitrate. 5-HT (10-6 M)-induced contraction was dosedependently inhibited by nifedipine but slightly inhibited by diltiazem and ISDN. In rings with intact endothelium, KCI (35 mM)-induced contraction was not affected by acetylcholine (ACh) but $PGF_{2{\alpha}}$ (lO-SM)-induced contraction was dose-dependently relaxed by ACh and adenosine. This endothelium-dependent relaxation was not affected by nifedipine (l0-6M)-pretreatment but markedly inhibited by methylene blue (50,uM)-pretreatment. In the porcine arterial rings without endothelium, ACh had no effect or even contracted the $PGF_{2{\alpha}}-induced$ contraction. However, the dosedependent relaxing effect of ACh appeared when the deendothelized porcine ring and rabbit thoracic aorta with intact endotheli urn were simultaneously suspended into a bath and this relaxing effect was also inhibited by methylene blue-pretreatment. In cat cerebral arteries, 5-HT and NE elicited dose-dependent contractile responses and ACh also produced dose-dependent contraction regardless of the existence of endothelium. ACh-induced contraction was most prominent. 5-HT (IO-SM)induced contraction was not relaxed but contracted additionally by ACh even in the intact endothelial ring. In rabbit cerebral arteries, 5-HT and NE elicited dose-dependent contractile responses and 5-HT-induced contraction was more prominent. In the intact endothelial preparations, 5-HT (lO-s M)-induced contraction was markedly relaxed by the addition of ACh( IO-SM) and this endothelium-dependent relaxing effect was inhibited by atropine (l0-7M)-pretreatment but notaffected by diltiazem (l0-6M)-pretreatment. These results suggest that ACh elicits endotheliumdependent relaxing effect mediated by muscarinic receptors in cerebral arteries of pig and rabbit, and that ACh acts as vasoconstrictor in cat cerebral artery.

윗눈꺼풀성형술 후 발생한 상윤부각결막염 양상을 보이는 결막 림프관종 1예

김국영,이영섭,이희재,박인기,진경현,Kook Young Kim,Young Seob Lee,Hui Jae Lee,In Ki Park,Kyung Hyun Jin 대한안과학회 2010 대한안과학회지 Vol.51 No.9

Purpose: To report a case of conjunctival lymphangioma with clinical manifestations of superior limbic keratoconjunctivitis after upper lid blepharoplasty. Case summary: A 55-year-old woman who had upper lid blepharoplasty performed 1 year before complained of pain, injection, and blurred vision in her right eye, which lasted for 2 days. The slit lamp examination revealed a poorly demarcated hypertrophic lesion with central erosion on the superior bulbar conjunctiva and a diffuse corneal erosion and edema in the area of the superior limbus. Tenderness of the superior bulbar conjunctiva and corneal erosion were treated with artificial tears, antibiotic eye drops, and a therapeutic contact lens. Slight anterior chamber reaction was found and treated by steroid eye drops; however, there was no improvement. After eversion of the right upper eyelid with a Desmarres retractor, a hypertrophic lesion with central dimpling was found. However, no exposed sutures were observed. Resection and biopsy of the superior bulbar conjunctiva and a subtarsal triamcinolone injection were performed for diagnosis and treatment. A conjunctival biopsy specimen showed conjunctival lymphangioma. Conclusions: Conjunctival lymphangioma can occur due to pressure and friction of an eyelid lesion after upper lid blepharoplasty. J Korean Ophthalmol Soc 2010;51(9):1276-1281

비유전독성 간발암물질인 Cloibrate 의 F344 랫드에 있어서 경구 아급성독성시험

정자영(Ja Young Jeong),이국영(Kook Kyung Lee),신동환(Dong Hwan Shin),한범석(Beom Seok Han),김대중(Dae Joong Kim),강태석(Tae Seok Kang),김기상(Ki Sang Kim),장동덕(Dong Deuk Jang),김창옥(Chang Ok Kim),김효정(Hyo Jung Kim),김지희(Jee He 한국응용약물학회 1995 Biomolecules & Therapeutics(구 응용약물학회지) Vol.3 No.1

Clofibrate, a peroxisome proliferator, is hepatocarcinogenic in rats in a dose-dependent manner. A total of 70 male and female F344 rats, 5-week-old, were divided into three groups. Rats were fed clofibrate at 0, 0.25, or 0.5% in diet for 30 days. All rats were anesthetized with CO₂, blood samples were taken by cardiac puncture for hematology and clinical chemistry, and the rats were killed by exsanguination. Livers, kidenys, pancreas, adrenal glands, spleen, heart, lungs, thyroid gland, reproductive organs, and digestive organs were removed, weighed, later processed, and embedded with paraplast for histological examination. The relative liver and kidney weights with respect to final body weight in the clofibrate-treated group were significantly increased compared with those of control group at all dose levels (p<0.01). It has been suggested that clofibrate may influence on hepatotoxicity by increases in peroxisomal proliferation.

안과종합검진의 유용성

임수현(Soo Hyun Lim),김국영(Kook Young Kim),정재근(Jae Keun Chung)한재욱(Jae Wook Han),김응수(Ungsoo Samuel Kim) 대한검안학회 2020 Annals of optometry and contact lens Vol.19 No.2

Purpose: To investigate the efficacy and detection rate of disease in the customized eye examination program. Methods: We reviewed the medical charts of 122 patients who have conducted the customized eye examination program from January 2018 to January 2019 in Kim’s Eye Hospital retrospectively. The customized eye examination program consisted of visual acuity test, intraocular pressure measurement, color vision test, slit-lamp examination, visual field tests, fundus photography, spectral domain optical coherence tomography (Cirrus HD-OCT, Zeiss), Optical Quality Analysis System (OQAS, Visiometrics, Terrassa, Spain), and dry eye test (LipiView II TearScience, Morrisville, NC, USA). The rate of newly diagnosed diseases and vision-threatening disorders including glaucoma and retinal disorders were calculated. Results: A total of 122 patients (46 males and 76 females, mean age; 47.8 ± 14.0 years old, from 22 to 85 years) were included. Nine patients (14 eyes) had a poor vision of less than 0.8. Newly detected diseases were found in 17 patients (13.9%), and among them, 10 glaucoma (8.2%) and retinal disorders (5.7%) were included. When it comes to glaucoma, 7 patients were diagnosed with definite glaucoma with visual field loss, and 3 patients had preperimetric glaucoma. Retinal disorders were composed of 5 epiretinal membranes, 1 diabetic retinopathy, and 1 central serous chorioretinopathy. Conclusions: Various diseases were identified by the customized eye examination program, and vision-threatening diseases such as glaucoma and retinal disorders were found. Therefore, a regular eye examination is needed to detect the serious ocular diseases in the early stage.

가속 각막 교차결합술과 라섹 병합 수술의 장기간 효용성과 안정성

윤이상(Yi Sang Yoon),김국영(Kook Young Kim) 대한안과학회 2021 대한안과학회지 Vol.62 No.4

목적: 가속 각막 콜라겐 교차결합술을 함께 시행한 라섹(아베드로라섹) 환자군과 라섹수술을 단독으로 시행한 환자들을 2년간 경과 관찰하여 효용성과 안정성을 비교 평가하였다. 대상과 방법: 후향적 연구로 아베드로라섹 19명 38안, 대조군인 라섹 17명 34안을 대상으로 2년간 추적 관찰하여 나안시력의 변화, 구면렌즈대응치의 변화, 각막곡률도의 변화, 술 후 각막 염증의 유무 등을 비교, 분석하였다. 결과: 수술 전 두 군 간의 구면렌즈대응치(p<0.05)와 중심각막두께(p<0.05)는 유의한 차이를 보였다. 아베드로라섹군과 라섹 환자군의 나안시력은 수술 후 2년간 통계적으로 유의한 차이는 없었다. 구면렌즈대응치와 각막곡률도의 변화에도 술 후 2년간의 경과 관찰에서 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았다. 2년째 구면렌즈대응치는 아베드로라섹군 92%에서 ±0.25디옵터, 라섹수술을 받은 환자 90.2%에서 ±0.5디옵터 이내에 있었으며 두 군 모두 높은 시력 예측도를 보였다. 아베드로라섹군과 라섹 환자군 간 시간의 영향을 보정한 상태에서 수술 방법 차이에 따른 수평각막곡률값(p=0.38)과 수직각막곡률값(p=0.56)은 유의한 차이가 없었다. 아베드로라섹 환자군 중 21%에서 주변부 각막 염증이 관찰되었으나 시력저하나 각막확장증은 관찰되지 않았다. 결론: 2년간의 장기 경과 관찰 기간 동안 아베드로라섹과 라섹을 시행한 두 환자군 간의 유의한 차이는 보이지 않았고, 두 시술 모두 안정성과 효용성이 있어 효과적인 근시교정수술 방법으로 생각된다. Purpose: We compared clinical outcomes between combined laser-assisted subepithelial keratomileusis and accelerated collagen cross-linking (Avedro-LASEK), and LASEK alone. Methods: This retrospective study analyzed 38 eyes of 19 patients who had undergone Avedro-LASEK, and 34 eyes of 17 patients who received LASEK alone. Uncorrected distance visual acuity (UDVA), spherical equivalent (SE), keratometry, and corneal inflammation were evaluated preoperatively, and at 1 week, 1, 3, and 6 months, and 1 and 2 years after surgery. Results: The Avedro-LASEK group had a higher preoperative SE (p < 0.05) and thinner central cornea compared with the control group (p < 0.05). There was no significant difference in UDVA, SE stability or keratometry between the two groups during the 2-year follow-up period. At the 2-year follow-up, the SE was ± 0.25 diopter (D) in 92% of the Avedro-LASEK patients and ± 0.5 D in 90.2% of the LASEK patients. Both groups showed high levels of refractive predictability. There was no significant difference between the flat K (p = 0.38) and steep K (p = 0.56) rates over time between the two groups. Corneal haze was observed in 21% of eyes in the Avedro-LASEK group, but neither decreased vision nor ectasia was observed during the follow-up period. Conclusions: During the 2-year follow-up period, there were no significant differences in any parameters between the Avedro-LASEK and LASEK patients, and both procedures are considered effective for myopia correction because of their stability and effectiveness.

샤임플러그-플라시도원반 방식 사진기와 새로운 파장가변 빛간섭단층촬영계의 전안부 계측치 비교

최곤수(Gon Soo Choe),김국영(Kook Young Kim) 대한안과학회 2022 대한안과학회지 Vol.63 No.1

목적: 샤임플러그-플라시도원반 혼합방식의 전안부 사진기(SIRIUS?? [Costruzione Strumenti Oftalmici, Florence, Italy])와 새로운 파장가변 빛간섭단층촬영계(ANTERION?? [Heidelberg Engineering Inc., Heidelberg, Germany])을 이용하여 전안부 계측치를 비교해보고자 하였다. 대상과 방법: 총 74명, 101안을 대상으로 SIRIUS?玲? ANTERION?瑛막? 측정한 전안부 계측치를 분석하였다. 두 장비로 측정한 중심각막두께, 전방깊이, 각막곡률값, J0, J45 성분, 각막윤부직경을 비교하였다. 결과: SIRIUS?玲? ANTERION?瑛막? 측정한 중심각막두께는 각각 558.69 ± 44.65 및 540.26 ± 36.57 μm였고 통계적으로 유의한 차이와(p<0.005), 높은 상관관계를 보였다(r=0.915). 전방깊이는 각각 3.34 ± 0.53 및 3.34 ± 0.51 mm (p=0.856)로 측정되었고 높은 상관관계를 보였다(r=0.966). 두 장비로 측정한 각막윤부직경(p<0.005, r=0.875), 평균각막곡률값(p=0.017, r=0.967) 및 J0 성분(p<0.005, r=0.933)은 모두 유의한 차이를 보였고 높은 상관관계를 보였다. 결론: SIRIUS?玲? ANTERION?瑛막? 측정한 전방깊이는 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았으나 중심각막두께, 각막윤부직경, 각막곡률값, J0 성분은 유의한 차이를 보여 두 장비는 임상에서 상호호환이 어려울 것으로 생각한다. Purpose: We compared anterior segment measurements obtained using a Scheimpflug-Placido topographer (SIRIUS??, Costruzione Strumenti Oftalmici, Florence, Italy) and a new anterior module for a swept-source optical coherence tomography system (ANTERION??, Heidelberg Engineering Inc., Heidelberg, Germany). Methods: Anterior segment measurements were evaluated in 74 eyes of 101 patients with the two devices. Central corneal thickness (CCT), anterior chamber depth (ACD), corneal refractive power (K), J0 (Jackson cross-cylinder with axes at 180° and 90°), J45 vector (Jackson cross-cylinder with axes at 45° and 135°), and white-to-white corneal diameter (WTW) measurements obtained using the SIRIUS?? system and the new anterior segment module of ANTERION?? were compared. Results: The mean CCTs measured by SIRIUS?? and ANTERION?? were 558.69 ± 44.65 and 540.26 ± 36.57 μm, respectively. The difference was statistically significant (p < 0.005), and there were high correlations between the two methods (r = 0.915, p < 0.001). The mean ACD measurements were 3.34 ± 0.53 and 3.34 ± 0.51 mm (p = 0.856), respectively, for SIRIUS?? and ANTERION??. The measurements were strongly correlated (r = 0.966, p < 0.001). The measurements of WTW, total mean K, and J0 obtained with the two systems differed significantly (p < 0.005, p = 0.017, and p < 0.005, respectively), with high correlations between the two systems (r = 0.875, r = 0.967, and r = 0.933, respectively; all p < 0.001). Conclusions: There were significant differences in measurements of K, CCT, WTW, and J0 between the two devices. Agreement analysis suggests that SIRIUS?? and ANTERION?? should not be used interchangeably.