Clonidine 과 Meperidine 의 마취후 전율에 대한 약물학적 예방효과:메타분석(Meta-analysis)

민상기,이영석,김원옥,이성중,한상건,남용택 대한마취과학회 1999 Korean Journal of Anesthesiology Vol.37 No.1

Background: Post-operative shivering is one of the potential complications for any surgical patient. Its incidence varies from 5% to 65%, and many preventive and treatment modalities have been reported. For the effective prevention of post-anesthetic shivering by using intravenous clonidine or meperidine, randomized controlled studies were reviewed. The overall incidence of shivering after clonidine or meperidine administration, and the anti-shivering effect of clonidine and meperidine were evaluated. Methods: DATA SOURCES: Medline search from 1978 to March 1998. DATA SELECTION: We selected studies that had investigated the preventive anti-shivering effect of intravenous clonidine or meperidine by randomized controlled trials. Ten clinical trials were evaluated. Results: The pooled odd ratio of the patients who received clonidine was 0.32 (95% confidence interval, 0.22∼0.47) and it seemed to be effective. But these studies showed little evidence of significant homogeneity (P=0.01). In the subgroup analysi, the pooled odd ratio of group A (early administration or intra-operative infusion group) was 0.47 (95% CI 0.31∼0.72) evidenced effectiveness but failed to prove homogeneity (P=0.047). But group B (the late intra-operative administration group) had a pooled odd ratio of 0.10 (95% CI 0.05∼0.22) and showed homogeneity (P=0.98). In meperidine trials, the pooled odd ratio was 0.20 (95% CI 0.07∼0.55). Conclusion: We present quantitative evidence based on a meta-analysis of pooled effect size from randomized trials that clonidine is more beneficial for the prevention of post-anesthetic shivering and more effective than meperidine when it is administrated during later period of surgery. (Korean J Anesthesiol 1999; 37: 63∼72)

Transforming growth factor‐β induces epithelial to mesenchymal transition and suppresses the proliferation and transdifferentiation of cultured human pancreatic duct cells

Shin, Jeong‐,Ah,Hong, Oak‐,Kee,Lee, Hye‐,Jung,Jeon, Sung‐,Yoon,Kim, Ji‐,Won,Lee, Seung‐,Hwan,Cho, Jae‐,Hyoung,Lee, Jung‐,Min,Choi, Yoon‐,Hee,Chang Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company 2011 Journal of cellular biochemistry Vol.112 No.1

<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>Pancreatic duct cells are considered a potential source of β‐cell regeneration, and transforming growth factor‐β (TGF‐β) has been suggested to perform an important role in these processes, but the underlying mechanism of the signal pathways, especially in humans, remains poorly understood. To evaluate the role of TGF‐β1, pancreatic duct cells were isolated from three brain‐dead organ donors. Pancreatic cell clusters harvested after islet isolation were dispersed to single cells and cultured in monolayers, then treated with TGF‐β1. We analyzed the characteristics of the cultured cells, the TGF‐β1 intracellular signaling pathway, the proliferation, and transdifferentiation rates of the duct cells. We also evaluated the genes and protein expression patterns after TGF‐β1 treatment. After TGF‐β1 treatment, typical morphologic changes representative of EMT were observed and Erk1/2, JNK, and AKT phosphorylation, Ras downstream effectors, were increased. β cell‐specific transcription factors including PDX‐1, Beta2/NeuroD, Ist‐1, and NGN3 were markedly suppressed and the rate of transdifferentiation into β cells was also suppressed. Genomic and proteomic analyses suggested that TGF‐β1 induces marked changes in a variety of structural genes and proteins associated with EMT. In conclusion, TGF‐β1 induces EMT in cultured human pancreatic duct cells, but suppresses its proliferation and transdifferentiation into β cells. Our results are the first report of TGF‐β1 effects for EMT and ductal cell transdifferentiation and proliferation at the protein level in human pancreatic duct cells. J. Cell. Biochem. 112: 179–188, 2011. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.</P>

Streptozotocin으로 유발된 당뇨쥐의 간세포 내 Gi 단백의 양과 기능 변화

옥선명,손현식,홍옥기,이정민,김성래,장상아,윤건호,강무일,차봉연,이광우,손호영,강성구 대한당뇨병학회 2002 Diabetes and Metabolism Journal Vol.24 No.6

연구배경:당뇨병과 인슐린 작용에 있어 Gi 단백의 역할은 정설이 없는 상태이며, 당뇨병의 유병 기간에 따른 Gi 단백의 변화는 잘 알려져 있지 않다. 본 연구에서는 streptozotocind으로 유발된 인슐린의존성 당뇨쥐의 간세포를 대상으로 당뇨병의 유병 기간에 따른 Gi 단백의 기능적 변화와 Gi 단백의 양적인 변화를 α소단위의 종류에 따라 비교함으로서 인슐린 작용 및 당뇨병의 병인에서 Gi 단백의 역할을 평가하고자 하였다. 방법:Sprague­Dawley계 흰쥐 수컷에 streptozotocin을 정맥 주사하여 당뇨병을 유발시킨 후 1, 2, 3 및 5주에 간조직을 differential ultracentrifugation와 gradient centrifrgation방법으로 전세포분쇄물과 중간분쇄물 및 간세포막으로 분획한 다음 Giα의 양적 변화를 평가하기 위해서 Giα1&2, Giα₃에 대한 항체로 western blot을 실시하였고, 기능적 변화를 평가하기 위해서 pertussis toxin­catalyzed ADP­ribosylation과[35S]­GTPγS binding assay를 실시하였다. 결과:당뇨군과 대조군의 간세포에는 Giα², Giα³이 존재하는데 주로 간세포막에 존재하며, 대조군에 비해 당뇨군의 간세포막의 Giα²와 Giα³의 양이 유의하게 높게 측정되었으나 (p<0.01)당뇨병의 유병 기간 증가에 따른 변화는 없었다. Pertussis toxin­catalyzed ADP­ribosylation와[35S]­GPTγS 결합률을 실시한 결과 대조군에 비해서 당뇨군의 간세포막에서 저하되었으나(p<0.01), 당뇨병의 유병 기간 증가에 따른 변화는 없었다. 결론:인슐린의존성 당뇨쥐의 간세포에서 Gi 단백의 양적 및 기능적 변화가 있으나, 당뇨병의 유병 기간과 관계가 없는 것으로 보아, 인슐린 결핍에 의한 인슐린저항성에 대한 보상 반응으로 생각되며, 이는 인슐린 작용 및 당뇨병에서 Gi 단백이 관여함을 알 수 있었다. Background : The functional and expressional changes of Gi proteins in diabetes have been investigated extensively, no agreement has been reached in the results. Moreover, studies using rats with different diabetic duration, and using α subunits (G_ia) of Gi proteins are lacking in literatures. Thus, we assessed the changes according to the duration of diabetes and examined the expressional changes of G_ia and functional changes of G_i proteins in hepatocytes from streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Methods : Male Sprague-Dawley rats were injected with streptozotocin to induce diabetes ; 1, 2, 3 and 5 weeks after teh onset of diabetes, livers from the control and diabetic rats were fractionated into homogenate, interface, and plasma membrane. The levels of G_ia 1&2, G_ia 3 were quantified with western blots in each fraction. The functional changes of Gi proteins were evaluated by performing pertussis to xin-catalyzed ADP-ribosylation and measuring GTPγS binding activity. Results : 1) G_ia 2 and G_ia 3 were present mainly in the plasma membrane of hepatocytes in the diabetic and control rats, but the levels of these subunits were significantly higher in the diabetic rats, but the levels of these subunits were significantly higher in the diabetic rates than in the control rats (p<0.01). The levels of these subunits were not affected by the duration of diabetes. 2) In streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats, the levels of ADP-ribosylation of Gi proteins in liver plasma membranes decreased when pertussis toxin-catalyzed ADP-ribosylation was performed with liver tissues. However, the levels of these proteins were not affected by the duration of diabetes. 3) For the GTPγS binding activity of G_i proteins in liver plasma membranes, the diabetic rats showed significantly less activity than the control rats (p<0.01). However, the activity was not affected by the duration of diabetes. The activity was somewhat restored by the insulin treatment of liver plasma membranes in diabetic rats. Conclusion : These results suggest that the insulin-deficient diabetic state induces the quantitative and functional changes in G_i proteins may be the important compensatory reactions for the insulin resistance occurring in the insulin deficient state (J Kor Diabetes Asso 24:666~677, 2000).

부산지역에서 유행한 계절인플루엔자바이러스의 유전자 특성 및 계통분석(’06~’08 절기)

Yon-Koung Park(박연경),Nam-Ho Kim(김남호),Seung-Hwa Choi(최성화),Mi-Oak Lee(이미옥),Sang-Kee Min(민상기),Seong-Joon Kim(김성준),Kyung-Soon Cho(조경순),Young-Nan Na(나영란) 한국생명과학회 2010 생명과학회지 Vol.20 No.3

2006년 10월부터 2008년 6월까지 총 인플루엔자 의사 환자 1,822건의 인후도찰물 및 비인후도찰물에서 277건의 인플루엔자바이러스를 분리했다. 절기별로는 2006~2007 절기의 1,154검체 중 52건(4.5%), 2007~2008절기의 668검체 중 210건(31.4%)에서 인플루엔자바이러스를 분리하였다. 인플루엔자바이러스 A/H1N1의 HA 유전자의 경우, 2008~2009 절기의 백신주인 A/Brisbane/59/2007과는 96.7%~97.7%, A/Solomon Islands/3/2006 96.5%~97.3%, A/New Caledonia/20/99와는 95.6%~96.6%의 유사성을 나타냈으며, NA 유전자의 경우, A/Brisbane/59/2007과는 97.8%~98.5%, A/Solomon Islands/3/2006과는 96.7%~97.6%, A/New Caledonia/20/99와는 96.8%~97.7%의 유사성을 보여 2008~2009절기의 백신주인 A/Brisbane/59/07과 가장 유사성이 컸다. 인플루엔자바이러스 A/H3N2의 분리주 중 1주를 제외한 모든 분리주가 HA 유전자에서 2008~2009 절기 백신주인 A/Brisbane/10/2007과는 98.4%~99.7%의 유사성을 보였고, A/Wisconsin/67/2005와는 96.5%~97.5%의 유사성을 보였으며, NA 유전자에서는 A/Brisbane/10/2007과는 98.9%~99.4%, A/Wisconsin/67/2005와는 98.0%~98.6%, A/California/7/2004와는 98.3%~98.9%의 유사성을 보였다. 인플루엔자바이러스 B의 HA 유전자의 경우는 2주를 제외하고는 2008~2009 절기의 백신주인 B/Florida/4/2006과는 96.5%~99.7%의 유사성을 보였으며, B/Malaysia/2506/2004와는 86.7%~87.7%의 유사성을 보여 B/Florida/4/2006과의 유사성이 크게 나타났다. NA 유전자의 경우는 reassortant분리주가 96.7%와 97.3%의 유사성을 나타내는 것을 제외하고는 B/Florida/4/2006에 98.9%~100%의 유사성을 나타냈으며, 분리주 유행시기의 백신주인 B/Malaysia/2506/2004와는 94.5%~96.7%의 유사성을 나타내어 2008~2009 절기의 백신주와 더 큰 유사성을 보였다. HA 유전자에서는 conserverd receptor binding site는 아미노산의 치환 없이 모든 분리주에서 잘 보존되어 있었으며, N-linked glycosylation site도 인플루엔자바이러스 A/H1 1주, A/H3 1주를 제외하고는 모두 같은 수의 N-linked glycosylation sites를 가졌으며, 인플루엔자바이러스 B의 경우는 2008~2009 절기의 백신주보다 1개가 많은 4개의 N-linked glycosylation sites를 가지고 있었다. Antigenic sites의 경우는 인플루엔자바이러스 A/H1의 Sb의 3개의 아미노산에서 백신주들과 다른 아미노산을 가지고 있으며, A/H3에서는 A, B, E 부위에서는 아미노산의 변화가 나타났고, C, D 부위에서는 변화가 없었다. 인플루엔자바이러스 B의 4개의 분리주에서는 150 loop와 160 loop에서 B/Florida/4/2006과 비교하여 1개의 아미노산에서 치환이 나타났으며, 190 helix에서 모든 분리주가 B/Florida/4/2006과 비교하여 1개의 아미노산에서 치환이 나타났다. To monitor newly emerged influenza virus variants and to investigate the prevalence pattern, our laboratory performed isolation of the viruses from surveillance sentinel hospitals. In the present study, we analysed influenza A/H1N1, A/H3N2, B viruses isolated in Busan during the 2006/07 and 2007/08 seasons by sequence analysis of the hemagglutinin (HA1 subunit) and neuraminidase (NA) genes. The isolates studied here were selected by the stratified random sample method from a total of 277 isolates, in which 15 were A/H1N1, 16 were A/H3N2 and 29 were B. Based on the phylogenetic tree, the HA1 gene showed that A/H1N1 isolates had a 96.7% to 97.7% homology with the A/Brisbane/59/2007, A/H3N2 isolates had a 98.4% to 99.7% homology with the A/Brisbane/10/2007, and B isolates had a 96.5% to 99.7% homology with the B/Florida/4/2006(Yamagata lineage), which are all the vaccine strains for the Northern Hemisphere in 2008~2009 season. In the case of the NA gene, A/H1N1 isolates had 97.8% to 98.5% homologies, A/H3N2 isolates had 98.9% to 99.4% homologies, and B isolates had 98.9% to 100% homologies with each vaccine strain in the 2008~2009 season, respectively. Characterization of the hemagglutinin gene revealed that amino acids at the receptor-binding site and N-linked glycosylation site were highly conserved. These results provide useful information for the control of influenza viruses in Busan and for a better understanding of vaccine strain selection.

1996년도 제35차 대한소화기학회 추계학술대회 / 일반연제 : 간 ; B 형 간염 바이러스에 의한 만성 간질환에서의 IL-6 의 혈청학적 동태 및 임상적인 중요성

강성호,윤승규,최상욱,이창돈,박두호,김부성,정윤선,민기옥 ( Sung Ho Kang,Seung Gyu Yun,Sang Wook Choi,Chang Don Lee,Doo Ho Park,Boo Sung Kim,Eun Sung Jung,Kee Oak Min ) 대한소화기학회 1996 대한소화기학회지 Vol.28 No.1