Combined transcriptomic and proteomic analysis of flubendiamide resistance in Plutella xylostella

Li Jing‐Jing,Jin Ming‐Hui,Wang Nian‐Meng,Yu Qi‐Tong,Shang Ze‐Yu,Xue Chao‐Bin 한국곤충학회 2020 Entomological Research Vol.50 No.10

Diamondback moth (DBM), Plutella xylostella, is an important pest of crucifers worldwide. The extensive use of diamide insecticides has led to DBM resistance in the world, and this presents a serious threat to vegetable production. In the present study, transcriptomic and proteomic analyses were combined to investigate the potential flubendiamide‐resistance mechanism in DBM. The lab‐selected (Rh) and field‐collected (Rb) flubendiamide‐resistant lines of P. xylostella with resistance ratios of 1889.92‐fold and 1250.97‐fold, respectively, were used, as well as a lab‐reared flubendiamide‐susceptible line (S). Compared with the S group, the transcriptomic analysis revealed 151 upregulated and 287 downregulated gene messengers in the Rh group and 432 upregulated and 565 downregulated gene messengers in the Rb group. The most frequently enriched pathways of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were mainly involved in metabolic pathways. Metabolism related genes, including two P450, two ABC transporters, and three trypsins, were upregulated in the Rh line. Additionally, some P450 genes, trypsin, juvenile hormone (JH), and mucin genes were also upregulated in the Rb line. In proteomic analysis comparisons with the S group, there were 78 upregulated and 90 downregulated proteins in the Rh group and 221 upregulated and 155 downregulated proteins in the Rb group. Further analyses found that three CYP and 11 CYP proteins were over‐expressed in Rh and Rb lines, respectively. Four glutathione S‐transferase (GST) and four UGTs were over‐expressed in Rb line. So, we deduced that the detoxification metabolism may be the main mechanism of flubendiamide resistance in P. xylostella.

한국인 직무 스트레스 측정도구의 개발 및 표준화

장세진,고상백,강동묵,김성아,강명근,이철갑,정진주,조정진,손미아,채창호,김정원,김정일,김형수,노상철,박재범,우종민,김수영,김정연,하미나,박정선,이경용,김형렬,공정옥,김인아,김정수,박준호,현숙정,손동국 大韓産業醫學會 2005 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.17 No.4

Background and Purposes: Over the past three decades, numerous studies performed in Korea have reported that job stress is a determinant risk factor for chronic diseases and work disability. Every society has its own culture and occupational climate particular to their organizations, and hence experiences different occupational stress. An occupational stress measurement tool therefore needs to be developed to estimate it objectively. The purpose of this study is to develop and standardize the Korean Occupational Stress Scale (KOSS) which is considered to be unique and specific occupational stressors in Korean employees. Subjects and Methods: Data were obtained from the National Study for Development and Standardization of Occupational Stress (NSDSOS Project: 2002-2004). A total of 12,631 employees from a nationwide sample proportional to the Korean Standard Industrial Classification and the Korean Standard Occupational Classification were administered. The KOSS was developed for 2 years (2002-2004). In the first year, we collected 255 items from the most popular job stress measurement tools such as JCQ, ERI, NIOSH and OSI, and 44 items derived from the a qualitative study (depth interview). Forty-three items of KOSS, in the second year, were retained for use in the final version of the KOSS by using Delphi and factor analysis. Items were scored using conventional 1-2-3-4 Likert scores for the response categories. Results: We developed eight subscales by using factor analysis and validation process: physical environment (3 items), job demand (8 items), insufficient job control (5 items), interpersonal conflict (4 items), job insecurity (6 items), organizational system (7 items), lack of reward (6 items), and occupational climate (4 items). Together they explained 50.0% of total variance. Internal consistency alpha scores were ranged from 0.51 to 0.82. Twenty-four items of the short form of the KOSS (KOSS-SF) were also developed to estimate job stress in the work setting. Because the levels of the subscales of occupational stress were gender dependent, gender-specific standard norms for both the 43-item full version and the 24-item short form using a quartile for the subscales of KOSS were presented. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that KOSS might be an appropriate measurement scale to estimate occupational stress of Korean employees. Further and more detailed study needs to be conducted to improve the validity of this scale.

정식 시기와 적심 횟수가 화단국화의 생장과 개화에 미치는 영향

姚婧超, 정해준, 김동찬, 이진희, 권민훈, 서병기 배재대학교 자연과학연구소 2013 自然科學論文集 Vol.24 No.1

This study was conducted to investigate optimum planting date and pinching times on the growth and flowering of garden chrysanthemum(Dendranthema grandiflorum Ramat.). 3 lines of garden mums were planted on May 16, June 13 and July 11 respectively. As planting date was delayed, all the 3 lines' plant height and plant width was reduced. 09-19-49 line got the biggest plant height and width, followed by 09-11-37 line. And 08-166-02 line was the smallest. In different planting times, the experiment group of May 16 and June 13 got the biggest plant height, plant width and stem diameter. However, in the experiment group of May 16, most of the plants got flattened. The experiment group of June 13 got the best ornamental value, and the ornamental value was reduced in the experiment group of July 11 by the short vegetative growth. 09-19-49 line got the most flowers, while in different planting time, the experiment group of May 16 got the most flowers. 09-11-37 line got the biggest flower diameter. 09-11-37 line and 09-09-51 line were planted in the containers on the rooftop. Each groups were pinched by 1, 2 and 3 times on July 2, July 26 and Aug 16 respectively. There was no effect on plant height, plant width, and stem diameter of 09-09-51 line and 09-11-37 line between 1-time-pinching group and 2-time-pinching group. But 3-time-pinching group was reduced. There was no significance in flower diameter of these two lines but the number of flowers was reduced by more pinching times. Therefore, in this experiment, the groups which were planted on June 13 got the best ornamental value and the recommended planting time is in the middle of June. Furthermore, 2 times of pinching was recommended.

재 중국 조선족의 아동문학교육 실태와 발전과제

김경훈 한국문학교육학회 2003 문학교육학 Vol.12 No.-

We can say that the literature education for children of the korean-Chinese in China performed with their moving from the Korean Peninsula, it'll be better to say that it performed after they formed villages and schools in various parts of the northeast China. From that time on, the literature education for children of the korean-Chinese has experienced the times of various change and development, so this thesis will focus on an educational aspect from that times, and aim at just introducing the present condition of the educational system for the literature education of children and presenting basic trend and main method by choosing related teaching materials in school education and also purposed groping a task of new development targeting on the problems. 1. The present condition of the system equipments in the korean-Chinese's literature education for children. In China, legislation on education of the minority races is provided in many system equipments such as 《The Constitution of the People's Republic of China》. Refer to 《The Constitution of the People's Republic of China》 article 119(1982), 《Self-government Law of the Races Area of the People's Republic of China》 article 22(1984), various system equipments are working for education of the minority races in China. The problem is concrete method when they are executing those systems, not the systems' contents. In other words, the problem is how can the minority races use their lights of self-government that is given to them by the government edequately, then how to promote the development of their education f3r their races. We can give some examples, that using language is the most special feature of a rare's existence and development. If they bury their language alive and take 'so called' superior, wide-using language, it is resigning to be 'a special race'. In case of the korean-chinese, they send children to school or academy of the Han rare; middle school in 80's, elementary school in 90's, and kindergarten nowadays. We have to notice that dual language teaching model which was made 3 or 4 years ago will be diffused in all schools of the korean-chinese in Yanbian korean-chinese self-government area. So, it is in danger f3r reduction or loss of the korean-chineses' school and Korean torture. To last and develop lariat education, we need to strengthen system equipments first. But, contrast with powerful of Chinese education, the minority races such as the korean-chinese have almost no substitute and it makes mu[h worries to racial educators. It is more obvious when reminding system change of the minority races. 2. Teaching material researching about the literature education for children of the korean-chinese. The early days of emigration, the korean-chinese in China had formality of modern schooling based on village schoolhouses with will of self-reliance and self-determination of races, and after founding the People's Republic of China, they have achieved unrivaled development of education with high-eagerness of education which caused their racial pride and an attitude of leader. In these years, however, the korean-chinese's dwelling environment is changed by departure the mainland to foreign countries, and it was negative effects to their educational level. It means, the superior situation in total capabilities can be reversed soon. The most distinguished crisis of the korean-chinese's education is a text-book and teaching. As Chinese are recommended in course of teaching, using Chinese textbooks in all subjects except Korean is a general tendency. This thesis faced this problem, and try to find existing problems with 《Sentences of Korean》 《Cho-Sun Uh Moon》, using in elementary schools of the korean-chineses in China. From above, we use 《Compulsory elementary education textbook - Sentences of Korean》 book no.4《edited by Yanbian educational publishing company editorial department, Yanbian educational publishing company, 1999.10》, representative material in comparison, as a text. This textbook is consist of 7 units and these are 18 reading parts(14 reading-with-comments pans, 4 peruse parts), 7 listening and speaking parts, and 7 writing parts. In detail, reading parts are gathered in topics and listening, speaking and writing parts are related to each unit and organized in their own ways. In every unit, they present 《Essentials of Unit Study》 in order to train Korean ability. In general, they select intimate, interesting topics in contents, and things having clear and special qualities for a form's sake. As above, the writings from the korean-chinese and the Han race have almost same importance in book no.4. Following thing is about tales of a race and foreign whereabouts, tales of the korean-chinese are In pages about the korean-chinese rightly; if they, however, go into pages written by the Han race, the situation will be reserved. As I repeatedly mentioned that how does a selection of contents in a growth period afffct the results of lariat education, it is frustrating that reversing of this situation not just in the elementary schools, but also in the middle schools. Looking at book no.4 again, unit 16, 17, and 18 are traditional education of revolutionary ideas anyway, and they are selected necessarily fur the conditions of a country, when looking the others especially in case of unit 14, however, it can be understood to make the korean-Chinese feel the Han race s superiority tacitly, besides apparent interesting. 3. The task of the korean-Chinese's literature education for children in China 1) All members of the korean-Chinese society should recognize their crisis plainly, and they should consider counterplans. Most of all, they should revalue the worth of Korean and increase the position of Korean by themselves. Though Korean departments are born in all parts of China steadily, parents who just try to send their children to the schools of the Han race should be awaken. 2) Persistence of racial language should be regarded as an aspect of identity, not a private thing anymore. If the teaching staffs in many departments, except some department such as a Korean department, tend to consider Korean carelessly or ignore Korean, it will be resulted in ignorance of their own root. We must not forget that Korean is a symbol of us. 3) The widest thing that reflects racial culture is literature. The literature education for children is the best way to inherit racial culture substantially. Concerns in the literature education for the korean-Chinese children and efforts for solution will be the first and the most important task for long-term continuance of the korean-chinese as the minority races. We need Pan-Korean awakening and efforts.

골담초의 이소후라본 성분

金光洙,李景道,安丙浚 충남대학교 약학대학 의약품개발연구소 1992 藥學論文集 Vol.8 No.-

Five isoflavones were isolated from the root of Caragana microphylla Lam. and the structures have been identified by means of chemical and physical methods. The isoflavones are 7-hydroxy-4'-methoxyisoflavone(formononetin), formononetin-7-O-β-glucoside(ononin), 7-hydroxy-3', 4'-methylenedioxyisoflavone(pseudobaptigenin), 7-O-β-glucuopyranosyloxy-3'-hydroxy-4'-methoxyi-soflavone(calycosin-7-O-β-gluc-oside) and maackiain.

다입력 계통에 대한 새로운 최적 슬라이딩 모드제어기

박승규,남징락,진미정 國立 昌原大學校 産業技術硏究所 1999 産技硏論文集 Vol.13 No.-

In this paper, a novel sliding surface is proposed by defining a novel virtual state. This sliding surface has nominal dynamics of an original system and makes it possible that the Sliding Mode Control(SMC) technique is used with the various types of controllers. Its design is based on the augmented system of which dynamics have a higher order than that of the original system. The reaching phase is removed by using an initial virtual state which makes the initial sliding function equal to zero.

최대 오차 벡터를 이용한 최적 공간 벡터 변조 기법에 관한 연구

안호균,김태엽,진승오,남징락 國立 昌原大學校 産業技術硏究所 1998 産技硏論文集 Vol.12 No.-

This study proposes a optimized space vector modulation(SVM), which makes a good output current with low total harmonic distortion(THD) and introduces the concept of maximum error vector for new method. The performance of the new modulation technique using maximum error vector is shown by simulation and experiments.

CWOS와 황토를 이용한 농축·소화슬러지의 탈수성에 관한 연구

정병길,고현웅,주윤경,정유진,이징연 동아대학교 환경문제연구소 2002 硏究報告 Vol.25 No.1

Every year, 190,000 tons of oystershell are wasted from many oyster farms. And the fact that the main components of oystershell are CaO and Al₂O₃ which are chemically similar to those of lime leaded to an assumption that oystershell can be used as raw materials for synthesizing dewatering conditioner. In this study, the Jar-Test and the Bu˝chner funnel test were proceeded for the assessment of dewaterability of a thickened sludge and digested sludge. And TTF(Time To Filter), SRF(Specific Resistence Filtration) and TS(Total Solids) were adopted as the valuation indices of sludge dewaterability. Dewatering conditioner which composed of both oystershell and loess is much dewaterable than the one composed of only oystershell. And in the course of combining of oystershell and loess, the following fact was found that the dewaterability of the combination which have the higher ratio of oystershelI than that of loess is superior. Eventually, the most suitable ratio of dewatering conditioner complex is 9 : 1 (oystershell : loess) in treating not only thickened sludge but also digested sludge. In conclusion, the conditioner synthesized from waste oystershell and loess seems to be used as a splendid alternative material for the dewatering conditioner treating the sludge of sewage.

Investigating the Link Among LMA, FLLA, and Listening Comprehension of Chinese EFL Learners

Jing Sun(Jing Sun),Dong-Jin Shin(Dong-Jin Shin) 한국영어학학회 2024 영어학연구 Vol.30 No.1

Enhancing metacognitive awareness is considered an accelerating factor in listening skill development and empowers listeners’ autonomy. Anxiety is believed to be one of the affective factors that hinder the listening process the most. Previous studies have revealed that listening metacognitive awareness (LMA) and foreign language listening anxiety (FLLA) are related to listening performance. Interestingly, the interaction among LMA, FLLA, and English listening proficiency (ELP) in the context of English Major university students in China is not paid much attention to. This study examines the relationship among university students’ LMA, FLLA, and ELP. Besides, the impact of LMA and FLLA on the high- and low-proficiency groups of English listening is discussed. To this end, 276 English Major senior students were recruited to attend the experiment. To address the research questions, quantitative data analysis techniques, including descriptive statistics analysis, Pearson correlation, and Binary logistic regression, were run to analyze the data. Results reveal a significant positive correlation between the participants’ LMA and ELP. A significant and negative correlation between their FLLA and ELP is observed. Finally, LMA and FLLA both function significantly in grouping participants’ ELP into high- and low levels.

Liquid Chromatographic Enantiomer Separation of N-Phthaloyl Protected α-Amino Acids on Coated and Immobilized Chiral Stationary Phases Derived from Polysaccharide Derivatives

Jin, Jing Yu,Lee, Wonjae,Park, Jung Hag,Ryoo, Jae Jeong Marcel Dekker 2007 JOURNAL OF LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY AND RELATED TECHN Vol.30 No.1

<P> Liquid chromatographic enantiomer separation of N-phthaloyl (PHT) protected α-amino acids on several coated and immobilized chiral stationary phases (CSPs) derived from polysaccharide derivatives was performed. The coated CSP of Chiralpak AD showed more or less enantioseparation than the covalently bonded CSP of Chiralpak IA with the same chiral selector of amylose tris(3,5-dimethylphenylcarbamate). However, the coated Chiralcel OD showed greater enantioseparation than the covalently bonded Chiralpak IB with the same chiral selector of cellulose tris(3,5-dimethylphenylcarbamate). Among all examined CSPs, Chiralcel OD afforded the greatest performance for enantiomer resolution of N-PHT α-amino acids and, therefore, all analytes enantiomers were baseline separated on Chiralcel OD. The chromatographic method developed in this study was usefully applied for determination of the enantiomeric purity of commercially available N-PHT α-amino acids analytes.</P>