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홍희경,김문준,윤진,박희택,홍기환,Hong, Hee-Kyung,Kim, Moon-Jun,Yoon, Jin,Park, Hee-Taek,Hong, Ki-Hwan 대한후두음성언어의학회 2012 대한후두음성언어의학회지 Vol.23 No.1
Background and Objectives : Dysarthria refers to speech disorder that causes difficulties in speech communication due to paralysis, muscle weakening, and incoordination of speech muscle mechanism caused by damaged central or peripheral nerve system. Pitch, strength and speed are influenced by dysarthria during detonation due to difficulties in muscle control. As evaluation items, alternate motion rate and diadochokinesis have been commonly used, and articulation is also an important evaluation items. The purpose of this study is to find acoustic characteristics on sound production of dysarthria patients. Materials and Methods : Research subjects have been selected as 20 dysarthria patients and 20 subjects for control group, and voice sample was composed of bilabial, alveolar sound, and velar sound in diadochokinetic rate, while consonant articulation test was composed of bilabial plosive, alveolar plosive, velar plosive. Analysis items were composed of 1) speaking rate, energy, articulation time of diadochokinesis, 2) voice onset time (VOT), total duration (TD), vowel duration (VD), hold of plosives. Results and Conclusions : The number of diadochokinetic rate of dysarthria was smaller than control group. Both control group and dysarthria group was highly presented in the order of /t/>/p/>/k/. Minimum energy range per cycle during diadochokinetic rate of dysarthria group was smaller than control group, and presented statistical significance in /p/, /k/, /ptk/. Maximum energy range was larger than control group, and presented statistical significance in /t/, /ptk/. Articulation time, gap, total articulation time during diadochokinetic rate of dysarthria group was longer than control group and presented statistical significance. The articulation time was presented in both control group and dysarthria group in the order of /k/>/t/>/p/, while Gap was presented in the order of /p/>/t/>/k/ for control group and /p/>/k/>/t/ for dysarthria group. VOT, TD, VD regarding plosives of dysarthria group were longer than control group. Hold showed large deviation compared to control group that had appeared due to declined larynx and articulation organ motility.
Inhibition of the Human Ether-a-go-go -related Gene (HERG) K+ Channels by Lindera erythrocarpa
홍희경,윤원종,김영호,유은숙,조수현 대한의학회 2009 Journal of Korean medical science Vol.24 No.6
Lindera erythrocarpa Makino (Lauraceae) is used as a traditional medicine for analgesic, antidote, and antibacterial purposes and shows anti-tumor activity. We studied the effects of Lindera erythrocarpa on the human ether-a-go-go-related gene (HERG) channel, which appears of importance in favoring cancer progression in vivo and determining cardiac action potential duration. Application of MeOH extract of Lindera erythrocarpa showed a dose-dependent decrease in the amplitudes of the outward currents measured at the end of the pulse (IHERG) and the tail currents of HERG (Itail). When the BuOH fraction and H2O fraction of Lindera erythrocarpa were added to the perfusate, both IHERG and Itail were suppressed, while the hexane fraction, CHCl3 fraction, and EtOAc fraction did not inhibit either IHERG or Itail. The potential required for half-maximal activation caused by EtOAc fraction, BuOH fraction, and H2O fraction shifted significantly. The BuOH fraction and H2O fraction (100 ㎍/ mL) decreased gmax by 59.6% and 52.9%, respectively. The H2O fraction- and BuOH fraction-induced blockades of Itail progressively decreased with increasing depolarization, showing the voltage-dependent block. Our findings suggest that Lindera erythrocarpa, a traditional medicine, blocks HERG channel, which could contribute to its anticancer and cardiac arrhythmogenic effect.
홍희경,문선희,서석준,김정화,정성운,정택호,홍유덕,성기재,김선문,Hong, Heekyoung,Mun, Sunhee,Seo, Seokjun,Kim, Jounghwa,Jung, Sungwoon,Chung, Taekho,Hong, Youdeog,Sung, Kijae,Kim, Sunmoon 한국액체미립화학회 2018 한국액체미립화학회지 Vol.23 No.2
Emission characteristics of regulated pollutants (CO, NOx, HC and PM) and hazardous air pollutants (HAPs) from diesel heavy duty trucks equipped with EGR+pDPF and SCR for Euro 5 emission standards were investigated using a chassis dynamometer. In the case of regulated pollutants, diesel heavy duty trucks with EGR+pDPF emitted 79% less CO than those with SCR. Also, those with the SCR emitted 36% less NOx than those with the EGR+pDPF. The results of VOCs have show that alkanes emissions for heavy duty trucks with the EGR+pDPF and the SCR have been higher than alkenes, cycloalkanes and aromatics. In the case of individual VOCs, the highest of propene emissions for 11.3~16.1% occupied. For aromatics group, benzene emissions are the highest percentage for 4.4~15.5%. In the future, the results of present study will provide basic data to set up HAPs emissions inventory for mobile source.
Block of hERG K+ Channel by Classic Histamine H1 Receptor Antagonist Chlorpheniramine
홍희경,조수현 대한약리학회 2009 The Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology Vol.13 No.3
Chlorpheniramine is a potent first-generation histamine H1 receptor antagonist that can increase action potential duration and induce QT prolongation in several animal models. Since block of cardiac human ether-a-go-go-related gene (hERG) channels is one of leading causes of acquired long QT syndrome, we investigated the acute effects of chlorpheniramine on hERG channels to determine the electrophysiological basis for its proarrhythmic potential. We examined the effects of chlorpheniramine on the hERG channels expressed in Xenopus oocytes using two-microelectrode voltage-clamp techniques. Chlorpheniramine induced a concentration-dependent decrease of the current amplitude at the end of the voltage steps and hERG tail currents. The IC50 of chlorpheniramine-dependent hERG block in Xenopus oocytes decreased progressively relative to the degree of depolarization. Chlorpheniramine affected the channels in the activated and inactivated states but not in the closed states. The S6 domain mutations Y652A and F656A partially attenuated (Y652A) or abolished (F656A) the hERG current block. These results suggest that the H1 antihistamine, chlorpheniramine is a blocker of the hERG channels, providing a molecular mechanism for the drug-induced arrhythmogenic side effects.