밀 유전자원 다양성 연구 현황

현도윤,김재윤 한국육종학회 2023 한국육종학회지 Vol.55 No.4

Preserving and utilizing genetic diversity is crucial in crop breeding to address unpredictable situations such as climate changeand evolving consumer demands. It serves as a source of new traits and alleles. Core collections are established from approximately 10-20%of conserved resources, and they are not only used for efficient management of genetic resources in seed banks but also applied in cropimprovement programs and new gene discovery. These core collections demonstrate diversity based on the geographic origin of genetic resourcesand provide information on genetic similarity among resource types and collection regions. Recent advances in high-throughput genotypinghas enabled high-resolution association mapping, allowing for the precise discovery of new genes and QTLs. The wheat genetic diversity andpopulation structure of core collections are important in determining appropriate GWAS statistical methods for detecting these novel genesand QTLs. To maximize their utility, collecting detailed phenotypic data is crucial. This will expand their application in gene discovery, markerdevelopment, and more. In this study, we provided reviews for wheat core collection in the world to face the digital breeding era, whereprecise gene detection and manipulation are possible. The accumulation of genetic diversity, and phenotypic and genotypic information bycore collections will contribute to breeding cycle acceleration and trait selection optimization.

기내 방사선 돌연변이유기에 의한 Azetidine-2-Carboxylic Acid 저항성 세포주 선발 및 RAPD 분석

현도윤,이인석,김동섭,신인철,이영일,서용원,김재윤 한국작물학회 2001 한국작물학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.2001 No.1

메밀 유전자원 재배시기별 생육특성 및 플라보노이드 함량 비교

현도윤,Muhammad Rauf,이수경,고호철,오세종,이명철,최유미 한국자원식물학회 2018 한국자원식물학회지 Vol.31 No.5

In Korea, common and Tartary buckwheat are cultivated mainly in spring and fall, however the available buckwheat varieties are still very limited. In this study, we have evaluated buckwheat germplasm for agronomic traits and compared flavonoids contents in different cultivation period and collection area. In common buckwheat, the number of days from sowing to flowering was 40 and 31 days and from sowing to maturity took 90 and 69 days in spring and fall cultivation, respectively. The number of nodes and branches were higher in spring cultivation while the hundred seed weight was higher in fall cultivation. The average flavonoids contents in common buckwheat were 0.20 ㎎/g dry weight (DW) and 0.40 ㎎/g DW in spring and fall cultivation, respectively. The highest flavonoids content was detected in Jeonnam accessions with 0.29 ㎎/g DW and 0.43 ㎎/g DW during spring and fall cultivation, respectively. The flavonoids contents were varied from 1.5 to 2.5 times according to the collection area. These results suggest that the agronomic traits and flavonoids contents were vary depending on the cultivation environment and germplasm collection area. Therefore, it is necessary to select the material by considering the characteristics of the germplasm for breeding of new varieties.

Morphological and Molecular Evaluation for Germinability in Rice Varieties under Low-temperature and Anaerobic Conditions

현도윤,오명원,최유미,이수경,이명철,오세종 한국작물학회 2017 Journal of crop science and biotechnology Vol.20 No.1

Direct-seeding cultivation of rice is increasing in Asia instead of transplanting system, because of its lower cost and operational simplicity. Low-temperature germinability (LTG) and anaerobic germinability (AG) are important characters for breeding of varieties for wide-spread adaptation of direct-seeding cultivation in rice. This study was performed to evaluate LTG and AG of seven rice varieties and identify varieties with strong germinability on both low-temperature and anaerobic conditions. The mean germination rate and germination vigor of seven varieties were 51.7% and 6.0 under low-temperature condition, respectively. Among these varieties, Cheongcheongjinmi and Hwanggeumnodeul had the highest germination rate of 80%, indicating that Cheongcheongjinmi and Hwanggeumnodeul have a good LTG. In anaerobic conditions, the germination rate and coleoptile length for all varieties were 47.6% and 3.2 cm, respectively. Of them, the highest germination rate and coleoptile length were observed in Subo and Hopum, respectively, suggesting that these two varieties are tolerant to anaerobic during germination stage. Molecular evaluation by SDS-PAGE revealed that the protein patterns differed at 50 kDa, 40 kDa, and 22 kDa between low-temperature and anaerobic conditions. Varieties identified as good LTG or AG in this study may be used for developing new direct-seeding rice cultivars through pyramiding these traits in the breeding program.

벼 유전자원의 저온 발아성에 대한 표현형 및 유전형 특성 평가

현도윤,최유미,이수경,Hyun, Do Yoon,Choi, Yu Mi,Lee, Su Kyeung 국립한국농수산대학교 교육개발센터 2022 현장농업연구지 = Journal of practical agricultural resear Vol.24 No.3

Low-temperature germinability (LTG) is an important trait for the direct seeding of rice in temperate and high altitudes regions. Water temperature of rice fields at sowing season is frequently under 15℃ in Korea, resulting in poor seedlings establishment. The objective of this study was to phenotypically and genetically evaluate 600 rice germplasm composed of six rice subpopulations. In the phenotypic evaluation, aus (AUS) showed the highest visual rating (VR) and germination rate (GR) of 5 and 83.1%, respectively, than other subpopulations. The lowest value of VR (7.1) and GR (53.1%) was observed in aromatic (ARO) subpopulation. Association of the phenotype for LTG with the genotype for qLTG3-1, a major QTL for LTG, and other three SNP markers (LTG_8, qLTG4b-1, qLTG2-6) was conducted. The results suggested that the allele distribution of two markers, qLTG3-1 and qLTG2-6, affects the difference in VR and GR between subpopulations. qLTG4b-1 and LTG_8 were also highly significant with LTG in all subpopulations except that qLTG4b-1 did now show significance in AUS. Therefore, the combination use of these four markers might be effective for evaluation of LTG in rice germplasm.

국제미작연구소(International Rice Research Institute)의 종자 건전성 관리체계와 우리나라 적용 가능성

전영아,유승헌,이호선,이영이,현도윤,김창영,김연규,이석영 한국국제농업개발학회 2012 韓國國際農業開發學會誌 Vol.24 No.4

종자 건전성(seed health)은 종자 또는 식물체에 유익하지 못한 영향을 미칠 수 있는 생물체의 감염상태를 의미한다. 이들 생물체는 종자의 품질에 직접적인 피해를 줄 수 있으며,감염 종자는 식물체에 병을 유발하고 포장에서의 발병을 확산시킴으로써 대규모의 경제적 피해를 유발할 수 있다. 상업용종자의 해외증식 및 국제교역, 종자 유전자원의 해외분양 및 상호교환이 활발해짐에 따라 이러한 위험성이 더욱 커지고 있으며 더불어 종자 건전성 관리의 중요성 또한 증가하고 있다. 다양한 벼 종자 유전자원을 보존하고 연구용으로 분양하는 국제미작연구소(International Rice Research Institute, IRRI)는 유전자원의 건전성 확보를 위하여 종자건전성연구실(Seed health unit)을 두어 체계적인 관리시스템을 운영하고 있다. 필리핀 식물산업국 산하 식물검역소로부터 권한을 부여받아 필리핀 국내로 도입되거나 해외로 분양되는 유전자원에 대하여종자처리 및 건전성 모니터링, 종자 건전성 검사 및 데이터베이스 관리 업무를 수행하고 있다. 대상 병원균에 따라 육안검사, 수세현탁액 검사, 습지법 검사, 한천배지 검사 등을 적용하고 있으며, 감염종자는 온탕처리와 같은 물리적 처리와 살균제 또는 훈증제와 같은 화학적 처리를 수행한다. 국제미작연구소의 건전성 관리시스템을 우리나라 벼 종자 유전자원의보존·관리에 선별 적용하고, 더불어 종자소독방법과 저장 전관리체계를 확립함으로써 벼 유전자원의 품질을 제고할 수 있을 것이다. 또한 국제협력 및 공동연구 등 신뢰구축을 통해유용한 해외 유전자원을 확보하는 데 기여할 것으로 기대된다. Seedborne pathogens can reduce the seed quality and have the potential to function as inoculum in the field and to cause severe damage to crop production and seed for international trade. The International Rice Research Institute (IRRI) which develops new rice varieties and rice crop management techniques operates Seed Health Unit (SHU) in cooperation with the Plant Quarantine Service of the Philippines. SHU ensures that seed lots meet the quarantine requirements of the Philippines and the recipient countries. It conducts seed health testing by dry seed inspection, washing test, blotter test, or agar plate test. Seed health testing has been done on more than 500,000 rice seed lots, and a total of more than 80 species of fungi were detected. Seeds are treated by physical, chemical, or both methods to avoid introduction and spread of seedborne pathogens. The seed health management system of IRRI can be introduced to South Korea in appropriate way for circumstances. It will improve the quality of the plant germplasms and promote the aquisition of the plant genetic resource by exchange of the high-quality germplasms.

콩 종실의 조단백, 조지방, 지방산 분석을 위한 근적외선 분광분석기(NIRS) 검량식 작성과 재래종 자원 평가

최유미,현도윤,이수경,이명철,오세종,이정로,고호철,허온숙,윤문섭 한국육종학회 2016 한국육종학회지 Vol.48 No.4

This study was investigated to develop mass evaluation system for the contents of crude protein, oil and fatty acid in soybean germplasm using NIRS. NIRS equations were created with 345 soybeans, multiple correlation coefficients of crude protein, oil, palmitic, stearic, oleic, linoleic and linolenic acid between data obtained from NIRS and quantitative analysis were 0.983, 0.969, 0.592, 0.514, 0.978, 0.961 and 0.957, respectively. Equation statistics indicated that contents of crude protein, oil and unsaturated fatty acid except palmitic and stearic acid in soybean seed were suitable for determination by NIRS. Those NIRS equations were applied to examine crude protein, oil and unsaturated fatty acid of 854 soybean landraces from Korea. The average contents and ranges of crude protein and oil were 39.2% with a range of 33.7-47.0% and 15.0% with a range of 9.8-20.3%, individually. In addition, those of oleic, linoleic and linolenic acid were 21.4% with a range of 12.1-30.2%, 55.6% with a 47.8-62.3% and 8.1% with a range of 5.9-10.7% respectively. We conducted quantitative analysis to reconfirm with IT154552 (45.1%) and IT023955(46.9%) above 45% of crude protein, the results were similar from NIRS (45.2%, 47.0%). NIRS data for protein from this study made no difference with lab data, which would be useful for mass evaluation. There was negative correlation (-0.203) between crude protein and oil, positive correlation (0.379) between crude oil and oleic acid, and significantly negative correlation (-0.879) between oleic and linoleic acid.

한국, 불가리아, 엘살바도르 강낭콩(Phaseolus vulgaris L.) 유전자원의 농업 및 종자 형질 비교: 한국, 불가리아, 엘살바도르 강낭콩 유전자원의 농업 및 종자 형질 비교

이수경,현도윤,이경준,이승범,유은애,조규택,고희종 한국육종학회 2022 한국육종학회지 Vol.54 No.1

To compare agronomic and seed traits of 135 common bean landraces originating from Korea, Bulgaria, and El Salvador, we evaluated 20 morphological traits and performed principal component analysis (PCA). In the PCA, the first and second principal components accounted for 55.15% and 15.97% of the total variance, respectively. The first component showed a strong positive correlation with seed size and 100-seed weight, whereas the second component produced a strong negative correlation with days to flowering and days to maturity, indicating that these traits may explain the differences between landraces originating from different countries. Landraces from Korea showed higher variation in days to flowering and days to maturity; those from Bulgaria produced larger and heavier seeds; those from El Salvador produced smaller and lighter seeds and flowering and maturity occurred earlier. In addition, the landraces from El Salvador had relatively lower diversity compared to those from other countries, as they were grouped within a small cluster in the PCA. These evaluation results may provide important information for selecting breeding materials, and diversity analyses of landraces from different countries provide information for securing genetic resources.

방사선 돌연변이에 의한 환경 저항성 계통 선발

이인석,김동섭,현도윤,이상재,송희섭,임용표,이영일 한국육종학회 2002 한국육종학회 학술발표회 발표요지 Vol.34 No.1

방사선을 이용한 내염성 계통의 기내선발 및 특징

이인석,김동섭,현도윤,임용표,이영일,Lee, In-Sok,Kim, Dong-Sub,Hyun, Do-Yoon,Lim, Yong-Pyo,Lee, Young-Il 한국식물생명공학회 2002 식물생명공학회지 Vol.29 No.4

1.5% NaCl이 함유된 배지에 캘러스를 치상하여 방사선을 처리한 결과 무처리구보다 처리구 (30, 50 Gy)에서 캘러스 생존율 및 재분화율이 증가하여 내염성 캘러스를 선발하는데 방사선의 적용이 효과적임을 알 수 있었고, 내염성 캘러스에서 재분화된 M$_3$세대 종자에서 내염성 계통들은 모품종보다 초장, 근장 및 근수의 생육이 우수하여 이러한 계통은 내염성 연구를 위한 유용한 유전자원으로 이용할 수 있을 것으로 생각된다. 또한 RAPD 기술은 대조구와 내염성 캘러스에서 재분화된 계통을 구분하는데 유용한 기술임을 알 수 있었다. The combination of radiation technique with an in vitro culture system was initiated to develop salt tolerant rice. We established an in vitro culture system to select tolerant lines against salt stress. NaCl tolerant cell lines were selected from the callus irradiated with gamma ray on N$_{6}$ medium with 1.5% NaCl and 2 mg/L 2,4-D. Regenerants (M$_1$) were obtained from the tolerant callus which was cultured for 30 days auxin-free medium. The M$_2$seeds were harvested from M$_1$plants on an individual plant basis. Thirty seedlings from each 450 M$_2$lines were transplanted in a field and total 5,000 M$_3$lines were harvested with an average 90 percent of fertile grain. M$_3$lines were utilized for selection of salt tolerance. Salinity-tolerant lines (225) were selected among 5,000 M$_3$lines. Of the 225 lines tested, the morphological traits of two lines (120-10 and -11) were far superior to control (Donagjinbyeo) in agromomic traits such as plant height, root length and no. of roots. Control and tolerant lines were analyzed by RAPD markers. Three polymorphic bands were presented in only tolerant lines, demonstrating a genetic difference between control and the tolerant lines. Such tolerant lines could be used as genetic resources to improve salt tolerance.e.