Multibit 셀을 이용한 Poly-Fuse OTP IP 설계

김동섭,리룡화,하판봉,김영희 한국정보전자통신기술학회 2024 한국정보전자통신기술학회논문지 Vol.17 No.4

본 논문에서는 아날로그 회로 트리밍과 보정 (calibration) 등에 필요한 데이터를 저장하는 비휘발성 메모리인 저면적 32bit PF (Poly-Fuse) OTP IP를 설계하였다. 한 개의 선택 트랜지스터에 2개의 PF를 사용하여 하나의 OTP 셀을 구성하므로 2 비트의 데이터를 프로그램할 수 있는 1셀-2비트의 multibit PF OTP 셀을 제안하였다. 제안된 1셀-2비트 PF OTP 셀의 bitcell 사이즈는 12.69μm × 3.48μm (=44.161㎛2)의 1/2로 기존 PF OTP 셀의 bitcell 사이즈에 비해 셀 면적을 33% 줄였다. 한편 본 논문에서는 제안된 multbit 셀의 동작에 맞도록 1행 × 32열 셀 어레이 회로와 코어 회로 (WL 구동회로, BL 구동회로, BL 스위치 회로와 DL sense amplifier 회로)를 새롭게 제안하였다. 제안된 multibit 셀을 사용한 32bit OTP IP의 레이아웃 사이즈는 238.47㎛ × 156.52㎛ (=0.0373㎛2)으로 기존 single bitcell을 이용한 32bit PF OTP IP 사이즈인 386.87㎛ × 144.87㎛ (=0.056㎛2)에 비해 면적을 33% 정도 줄였다. 10년의 data retention 시간을 고려하여 설계된 32bit PF OTP IP는 detection read 모드와 read 모드에서 프로그램된 PF의 최소 센싱 저항은 테스트 칩의 post-layout 모의실험 결과 각각 10.5㏀과 5.3㏀으로 설계하였다. In this paper, we designed a low-area 32-bit PF (Poly-fuse) OTP IP, a non-volatile memory that stores data required for analog circuit trimming and calibration. Since one OTP cell is constructed using two PFs in one select transistor, a 1cell-2bit multibit PF OTP cell that can program 2bits of data is proposed. The bitcell size of the proposed 1cell-2bit PF OTP cell is 1/2 of 12.69μm × 3.48μm (=44.161μm2), reducing the cell area by 33% compared to that of the existing PF OTP cell. In addition, in this paper, a new 1 row × 32 column cell array circuit and core circuit (WL driving circuit, BL driving circuit, BL switch circuit, and DL sense amplifier circuit) are proposed to meet the operation of the proposed multbit cell. The layout size of the 32bit OTP IP using the proposed multibit cell is 238.47㎛ × 156.52㎛ (=0.0373㎛2) is reduced by about 33% compared that of the existing 32bit PF OTP IP using a single bitcell, which is 386.87㎛ × 144.87㎛ (=0.056㎛2). The 32-bit PF OTP IP, designed with 10 years of data retention time in mind, is designed with a minimum programmed PF sensing resistance of 10.5㏀ in the detection read mode and of 5.3 ㏀ in the read mode, respectively, as a result of post-layout simulation of the test chip.

전자빔에 의하여 가교된 EVA/HDPE 복합재료의 제조 및 평가

김동섭,신재환,이병민,박종석,정성인,최재학 (사)한국방사선산업학회 2021 방사선산업학회지 Vol.15 No.3

The preparation and characterization of poly(ethylene-co-vinyl acetate)/high-densitypolyethylene (EVA/HDPE) composites crosslinked by electron beam irradiation were investigated inthis study. Matrix resins (EVA and HDPE) and additives, such as flame retardant, antioxidant, andlubricant, were melt-mixed and then were compression molded in a hot-press molder to obtain thesheet-type samples. The prepared sheets were electron beam-irradiated at various absorbed dosesof 50~200 kGy in air. The gel contents, mechanical and thermal properties, and flame retardancywere evaluated. As a result, the gelation content, flame-retardancy, thermal, and mechanicalproperties were found to be increased by electron beam irradiation. These results indicate thatelectron beam irradiation is a powerful tool to prepare high-performance polymer composites dueto its advantages such as no use of toxic chemicals, simple, controllable, and fast process.

대정읍 평지동 마을제 연구

김동섭 영주어문학회 2004 영주어문 Vol.8 No.-

위치기반 SNS로서의 공간미디어 활용 전략

김동섭,조택연 한국기초조형학회 2010 기초조형학연구 Vol.11 No.3

Recently, Location-based SNS(social network service) are growing explosively along with the popularity of smartphones. Therefore this paper attempts to assist the purpose achievement of a space. Location-based SNS is associated particularly with spaces as it stands on the basis of geographical locations. So it is expected that visitors to the space could share their experiences and knowledges by communicating with each other, so they could take ever-changing experiences. Firstly, the concept and features of Location-based SNS are studied and its possibility as a tool of marketing is proved. Through this study, it is founded that Location-based SNS has the intrinsic structure of rewards and satisfactions. Secondly, space media are able to perform better than smartphones in terms of substantiality, human scale, fully sensed experience and precise location measurement. Smartphones are the best powerful media in terms of the invigoration of Location-based SNS. So this paper suggests three strategies of an accordion management to smarphones. First, adaptation strategy make suggestions of oneness to all smartphones, personalized information service and instant response to accomodate smartphone usrs into the space. Second, supplement strategy is to make the space more attractive place by making up for the functions of smarphones. Those are precise location measurement, maximization of visual effects, expansion of the depth and range of information, reinforcement of augmented reality and establishment of human hubs. Third strategy is differentiation by variation of navigation, activation of location-based games, differentiation of recognition capabilities, spatial exploitation for collective intelligence and artificial intellectualization of space. 최근 스마트폰 시장의 인기와 더불어 위치기반 SNS가 폭발적으로 성장하고 있다. 따라서 이 논고는 위치기반 SNS를 특정 공간 내에서 활성화하여 공간 본연의 목적을 달성하는 데 도움을 주고자 하는 것이다. 위치기반 SNS는 지리적 위치를 기반으로 하기에 물리적 공간과 관련이 깊다. 위치기반 SNS를 통해 공간의 방문자들이 서로 소통하면서 자신의 체험이나 지식을 교환함으로서 스스로 지속적으로 변화하는 체험을 하는 것을 가능케 할 수 있다고 기대된다. 먼저 위치기반 SNS의 개념과 특징을 고찰하고 마케팅도구로서의 가능성을 증명한 후 내재적으로 행위자들이 참여하게 하는 보상의 구조와 욕망충족의 구조가 내재해 있음을 확인하였다. 둘째로 공간 미디어들은 실체성, 인간적 척도, 전감각적 체험, 정밀한 위치측위 등의 관점에서 스마트폰보다 뛰어나기 때문에 위치기반 SNS의 효과적인 수단이 될 수 있다고 판단된다. 위치기반 SNS로서 공간미디어의 활용전략은 위치기반 SNS를 활성화시키는데 가장 큰 영향력을 발휘하고 있는 스마트폰에 대응하는 세 가지 방식의 전략을 제한하였다. 먼저 순응전략은 공간미디어가 스마트폰에 대한 개방성, 정보 서비스의 개인화, 즉각적인 반응상태 유지 등을 갖추어 스마트폰 사용자들을 특정 공간으로 유도하기 위한 것이다. 둘째는 보완 전략으로서 스마트폰이 가지고 있는 기능이나 공간미디어를 통해 보완될 때 더욱 매력적인 공간으로 변화할 수 있도록 하다. 이는 정밀한 위치정보 제공, 시각적 극대화, 정보의 깊이와 범위의 확장, 증강현실의 강화, 휴먼허브 구축 등을 들었다. 차별화 전략으로는 네비게이션의 다양화, 위치기반 게임의 활성화, 인식기능의 차별화, 집단지성을 위한 공간의 활용, 공간의 인공지능화 등을 제안하였다.

세화리 오일장에 관한 연구

김동섭 영주어문학회 2005 영주어문 Vol.9 No.-

행원리의 전래 농기구에 관한 연구

김동섭 영주어문학회 2003 영주어문 Vol.6 No.-

서귀포시 법환동 마을제 연구

김동섭 영주어문학회 2004 영주어문 Vol.7 No.-

달라진 기초노령연금제도에 울고 웃는 노인들

김동섭,Kim, Dong-Seop 대한결핵협회 2008 보건세계 Vol.55 No.2

방사선 완∙급조사에 따른 벼의 생리적 영향 평가

김동섭,송미라,김선희,장덕수,강시용,김진백,김상훈,하보근 한국방사선산업학회 2011 방사선산업학회지 Vol.5 No.1

We investigated the physiological responses by acute and chronic gamma-irradiation inrice. The rice, Oryza sativa L. cv Dongan, plants were irradiated with 100 and 400 Gy of gammaraysfor acute and chronic irradiation, and their morphological, chlorophyll content, MDA, prolineand activities of antioxidant enzymes were examined. The plant height of chronic irradiation sampleswere decrease with increase of a does than the control, but the number of tiller and dry weightof shoot were increased 100 Gy. Carotenoid and chrolorphyll content were decreased of all irradiatedplants than non-irradiated plants. But, MDA and proline content were increased in 400 Gyboth acute and chronic gamma irradiation. And the activities of antioxidant enzymes were differentas gamma-irradiation patterns.

The improvement of ginsenoside accumulation in Panax ginseng as a result of γ-irradiation

김동섭,송미라,김선희,장덕수,김진백,하보근,김상훈,이경준,강시용,정일윤 고려인삼학회 2013 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.37 No.3

In this study, gamma rays were used to irradiate embryogenic calli induced from cotyledon explants of Panax ginseng Meyer. After the embryogenic calli were irradiated, they were transferred to adventitious roots using an induction medium; next, mutated adventitious root (MAR) lines with a high frequency of adventitious root formations were selected. Two MAR lines (MAR 5-2 and MAR 5-9) from the calli treated with 50 Gy of gamma rays were cultured on an NH₄NO₃-free Murashige and Skoog medium with indole-3-butyric acid 3 mg/L. The expression of genes related to ginsenoside biosynthesis was analyzed using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction with RNA prepared from native ginseng (NG), non-irradiated adventitious root (NAR) and 2 MAR lines. The expression of the squalene epoxidase and dammarenediol synthase genes was increased in the MAR 5-2 line, whereas the phytosterol synthase was increased in the MAR 5-9 line. The content and pattern of major ginsenosides (Rb1, Rb2, Rc, Rd, Re, Rf, and Rg1) were analyzed in the NG, NAR, and 2 MAR lines (MAR 5-2 and MAR 5-9) using TLC and HPLC. In the TLC analysis, the ginsenoside patterns in the NG, NAR, and 2 MAR lines were similar; in contrast, the MAR 5-9 line showed strong bands of primary ginsenosides. In the HPLC analysis, compared with the NG, one new type of ginsenoside was observed in the NAR and 2 MAR lines, and another new type of ginsenoside was observed in the 2 MAR lines irradiated with gamma rays. The ginsenoside content of the MAR 5-9 line was significantly greater in comparison to the NG.