Two-Step Etching Characteristics of Single-Si by the Plasma Etching Techique

이진희,박성호,김말문,박신종,Lee, Jin Hee,Park, Sung Ho,Kim, Mal Moon,Park, Sin Chong The Institute of Electronics and Information Engin 1987 전자공학회논문지 Vol.24 No.1

Plasma etching can obtain less damaged etch surface than reactive ion etching. This study was performed to get anisotropic etching characteristics of Si using two step etching technique with C2CIF5 and SF6 gas mixture. The results show that the etch rate and aspect ratio of silicon was increased with increment of SF6 contents. The bulging phenomenon on trench side wall in the plasma one-step etching technique was eliminated by the two step etching technique. The anisotropy was decreased from 12(at 120m Torr) to 2.2(at 400m Torr) with increasing the chamber pressure. At the low rf power (350 watts) anisotrpy of silicon was obtained 7 lower than that of high rf power (650 watts. A:~9). In Summary we obtained anisotropic etching profiles of silicon with e 6\ulcornerm depth by using the plasma two-step etching technique.

Comparative responses of sulforaphene contents between radish (Raphanus sativus L.) and Baemuchae (xBrassicoraphanus) during seed development

이진희,Kim Jongkee,이진욱 한국원예학회 2023 Horticulture, Environment, and Biotechnology Vol.64 No.6

Sulforaphene is an isothiocyanate which is produced by the hydrolysis from glucoraphenin, one of glucosinolates mostly found in radish plant. This study evaluates the genetic diversity of sulforaphene contents from the seedlings of 29 rad ish genotypes in an attempt to fi nd a variety with a high extraction yield and which can be used as a breeding source of intergeneric hybrid vegetable Baemuchae. The sulforaphene content was highest in the seedlings of ‘Cheongwoonplus’ (1,426.8 mg kg − 1 FW) and ‘Taebaek’ (1,363.3 mg kg − 1 FW) cultivars and lowest in the ‘Matchuimbom’ (328.7 mg kg − 1 FW) cultivar. The sulforaphene contents of four radish cultivars and three Baemuchae varieties sharply decreased dur ing seedling growth; however, they were much higher in the seedlings of radish cultivars than in Baemuchae varieties. The sulforaphene contents in unpollinated pistil tissues were not aff ected by species, whereas they responded diff erently to the cultivar or variety. After pollination, the sulforaphene content gradually increased in radish cultivars during seed development, but relatively much less in Baemuchae varieties. These results indicated that the sulforaphene content varied widely in the seedlings of radish cultivars. Sulforaphene gradually accumulated after pollination during seed development in radish cultivars, but not much in Baemuchae varieties. However, not much diff erence was observed in the sulforaphene contents of unpollinated pistil tissues of radish and baemoochae.

표본조사에서 공간 변수(SPATIAL VARIABLE)를 이용한 결측 대체(MISSING IMPUTATION)의 효율성 비교

이진희,김진,이기재,Lee Jin-Hee,Kim Jin,Lee Kee-Jae 한국통계학회 2006 응용통계연구 Vol.19 No.1

표본조사에서 무응답은 여러 가지 이유로 발생하며, 이 때 응답자들의 정보로만 분석을 실시한다면 편향된 결과를 산출할 수 있어 보조변수를 이 용한 많은 무응답 대체 방법들이 연구되고 있다. 만일 결측자료 대체를 위한 보조변수들이 충분하지 않고 응답자들과 무응답자들 사이에 지역적 상관관계가 존재한다면 이를 결측자료 대체(missing data imputation)에 이용 할 수 있을 것이다. 본 논문에서는 2002년 강원지역의 농가경제 자료를 예제로 하여 공간상관을 이용한 무응답 대체 방법을 살펴보았으며, 공간상관이 존재할 경우 공간 대체 방법이 효율적임을 확인하였다. In sampling survey, nonresponse tend to occur inevitably. If we use information from respondents only, the estimates will be baised. To overcome this, various non-response imputation methods have been studied. If there are few auxiliary variables for replacing missing imputation or spatial autocorrelation exists between respondents and nonrespondents, spatial autocorrelation can be used for missing imputation. In this paper, we apply several nonresponse imputation methods including spatial imputation for the analysis of farm household economy data of the Gangwon-Do in 2002 as an example. We show that spatial imputation is more efficient than other methods through the numerical simulations.

혈뇨 환아에서 고칼슘뇨군과 비고칼슘뇨군의 혈액 및 소변화학검사와 신기능 지표들의 비교

이진희,이현승,이근영,장필상,이경일,김동언,Lee, Jin-Hee,Lee, Hyun-Seung,Lee, Keun-Young,Jang, Pil-Sang,Lee, Kyung-Yil,Kim, Dong-Un 대한소아신장학회 2007 Childhood kidney diseases Vol.11 No.2

목 적 : 육안적 또는 현미경적 혈뇨를 주소로 24시간 소변화학검사를 시행한 환아들의 의무 기록을 후향적으로 조사하여 고칼슘뇨군과 비고칼슘뇨군으로 나누어 두 군의 혈액 및 소변화학검사와 그로부터 계산된 각 용질의 배설량, 청소율, 분획배설 등에 있어서 두 군간에 차이점이 있는지 비교하였다. 방 법 : 1997년 2월부터 2007년 2월까지 10년간 가톨릭의대 의정부성모병원 소아과에서 육안 또는 현미경적 혈뇨를 주소로 24시간 소변검사를 시행한 환아 중, 단백질 배설량이 4 mg/$m^2$/시간 이상으로 단백뇨가 동반된 경우는 제외하고, 소변 칼슘 배설량이 4 mg/kg/일 이상으로 특발성 고칼슘뇨증으로 진단 받은 30명과 소변 칼슘배설량이 3mg/kg/일 미만인 비고칼슘뇨군 환아 41명을 대상으로 하여 혈액화학검사, 기본 소변검사, 24시간 소변화학검사로부터 각종 소변 용질의 배설량, 청소율, 분획배설 등을 구하여 두 군간에 차이점이 있는지를 비교 분석하였다. 결 과 : 고칼슘뇨군(30명)과 비고칼슘뇨군(41명)에서 육안적 혈뇨는 각각 24명(80%), 17명(42%)으로 고칼슘뇨군에서 육안적 혈뇨의 비가 높았다. 임의채취뇨의 Ca/Cr 비는 각각 $0.34{\pm}0.15,\;0.15{\pm}0.13$이었으며 고칼슘뇨군 30명 중 28명의 임의채취뇨 Ca/Cr 비는 0.2 이상이었고, 비고칼슘뇨군 41명 중 36명의 임의채취뇨 Ca/Cr 비가 0.2 미만이었다. 혈액화학검사에서 고칼슘뇨군과 비고칼슘뇨군의 혈청 칼슘은 각각 $9.8{\pm}0.5 mg/dL,\;9.5{\pm}0.5 mg/dL$로 고칼슘뇨군이 통계학적으로 유의하게 높았다(P=0.033). 24시간 소변의 칼슘농도는 각각 $14.7{\pm}7.7 mg/dL,\;3.3{\pm}2.2 mg/dL$로 고칼슘뇨군이 유의하게 높았고(P<0.001), 칼슘배설량도 각각 $6.1{\pm}2.9 mg/kg/$일, $1.5{\pm}0.9 mg/kg/$일로 고 칼슘뇨군에서 유의하게 높았다(P<0.001). 크레아티닌 청소율로 구한 사구체여과율은 각각 $93.7{\pm}31 mL/min,\;79.5{\pm}32.0 mL/min$로 고칼슘뇨군이 유의하게 높았다(P=0.048). 24시간 소변의 요소농도는 각각 $797{\pm}316 mg/dL,\;569{\pm}329 mg/dL$로 고칼슘뇨군에서 유의하게 높았고(P=0.015), 요소배설 량도 각각 $341 {\pm}102 mg/kg/$일, $233{\pm}123 mg/kg/$일로 고칼슘뇨군에서 유의하게 높았다(P=0.002). 나트륨 배설량은 두 군간에 차이가 없었으나 나트륨 분획배설(FENa)은 각각 $1.0{\pm}0.4%,\;1.3{\pm}0.6%$로 고칼슘뇨군에서 유의하게 낮았다(P=0.029). 소변배설량은 두 군간에 차이가 없었으나 소변의 삼투질농도는 각각 $393{\pm}103 mOsm/kg\;H_2O,\;304{\pm}96 mOsm/kgH_2O$로 고칼슘뇨군에서 더 농축된 소변을 보았다(P=0.003). 결론 :고칼슘뇨군의 소변화학검사의 가장 특징적인 소견은 요소 배설과 사구체여과율의 증가로서 이는 고칼슘뇨군이 비고칼슘뇨군에 비하여 고단백식이를 하고 있을 가능성을 시사한다. 나트륨과 칼슘은 사구체 여과가 증가함에 따라 원위세뇨관 및 집합관에 도달하는 양도 증가하고 그 곳에서 나트륨의 재흡수 기전이 매우 정교하게 이루어지는데 비하여 칼슘의 그 것은 그렇지 못하여 고칼슘뇨증을 일으켰을 가능성이 있다. 향후 고칼슘뇨 환아를 진료함에 있어서 단백질 섭취 등식이 습관의 문진과 함께 식이요법도 고려해 보아야 할 것으로 생각된다. Purpose : The purpose of this study was to investigate whether hypercalciuria patients with hematuria show different renal indices compared to non-hypercalciuria patients with hematuria. Methods : We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of patients with gross or microscopic hematuria whose blood chemistry and 24 hour urine chemistry were examined. After excluding the patients with more than $4 mg/m^2/day$ proteinuria or the patients with urinary calcium excretion between 3 and 4 mg/kg/day, we divided the patients into two groups: a hypercalciuria group whose calcium excretion was more than 4 mg/kg/day(n=30) and a non hypercalciuria group whose calcium excretion was less than 3 mg/kg/day(n=41). The urinary excretion, clearance, and fractional excretion(FE) of Na, K, Cl, Ca, P, urea, and creatinine were calculated and compared between the two groups. Results : The hypercalciuria group had more calcium excretion($6.1{\pm}2.9$ vs $1.5{\pm}0.9 mg/kg/day$), more urea excretion($341{\pm}102$ vs $233{\pm}123 mg/kg/day$), greater glomerular filtration rate(GFR) ($93.7{\pm}31.1$ vs $79.5{\pm}32.0 mL/min$) but lower FENa($1.0{\pm}0.4%$ vs $1.3{\pm}0.6%$) than the nonhyper-calciuria group, although the urinary sodium excretion was similar between the two groups. Conclusion : The greater urea excretion and GFR in hypercalciuric patients suggest that they might be on a higher protein diet than the non-hypercalciuria group. The increased glomerular filtration of sodium and calcium induced by the higher GFR in hypercalciuria would have increased their delivery to the distal tubule, where sodium is effectively reabsorbed but calcium is not, which is suggested by the lower FENa but higher FECa in hyercalciuria. It is recommended that the diet of hematuria patients be reviewed in detail at initial presentation and during treatment.

Fibrin Polymer 의 생성 메카니즘에 관한 연구

이진희,김두식 ( Jin Hee Lee,Doo Sik Kim ) 생화학분자생물학회 1988 BMB Reports Vol.21 No.4

Conversion of fibrinogen to fibrin polymer has been investigated. It is noteworthy to find that excess basic amino acids, either L-arginine or L lysine, are capable of polymerizing fibrinogen at neutral pH simply by charge-neutralization process without removing fibrinopeptides. This observation strengthens the notion that both specific orientation and balance of electric charge of the protein molecule are essential factors for the fibrin polymerization. Chemical modification of arginine residue(s) of fibrinogen completely inhibits thrombin-catalyzed conversion to fibrin polymer, which confirms that the specific arginine is recognized as a cleavage site by thrombin to yield fibrinopeptides and fibrin. The molecular weights of three different polypeptide chains of fibrinogen are reduced to lower than 47,000 upon proteolytic digestion with chymotrypsin. Surprisingly, however, these lower molecular species of fibrinogen are found to be polymerized in the presence of thrombin. Therefore, extensive structural analyses of the chymotrypsin-treated fibrinogen will contribute to define the essential interaction domains of fibrin units required for polymerization.

일부 농촌주민과 도시영세민의 상병 및 의료이용에 관한 연구

이진희,고기호,김용식,이정애,Lee, Jin-Hee,Ko, Kee-Ho,Kim, Yong-Sik,Rhee, Jung-Ae 대한예방의학회 1988 Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health Vol.21 No.2

The household survey was performed in a urban slum and a rural Chonnam areas to measure the level of illness and medical care utilization and to find the determinants of physician utilization. The data revealed that age-adjusted prevalence rates of acute and chronic diseases were much the same in both areas ranged between 10.0 to 11.3%. But medical care utilization was more frequent in urban slum than in rural area. The facility of the first medical contact was also different. Some personal and disease related variables including disease severity and activity restricted day were significantly, but somewhat differently by area, associated with physician utilization pattern. When applying Anderson model, the medical need factors explained 42.2 and 40.4% of physician utilization in urban slum and in rural areas respectively, while the enabling factors explained 18.0 and 12.2% and the predisposing facotrs explained 17.1 and 8.9% correspondingly.

Fibrin Polymer 의 생성 메카니즘에 관한 연구

이진희,김두식,Lee, Jin-Hee,Kim, Doo-Sik 생화학분자생물학회 1988 한국생화학회지 Vol.21 No.4

Conversion of fibrinogen to fibrin polymer has been investigated. It is noteworthy to find that excess basic amino acids, either L-arginine or L-lysine, are capable of polymerizing fibrinogen at neutral pH simply by charge-neutralization process without removing fibrinopeptides. This observation strengthens the notion that both specific orientation and balance of electric charge of the protein molecule are essential factors for the fibrin polymerization. Chemical modification of arginine residue(s) of fibrinogen completely inhibits thrombin-catalyzed conversion to fibrin polymer, which confirms that the specific arginine is recognized as a cleavage site by thrombin to yield fibrinopeptides and fibrin. The molecular weights of three different polypeptide chains of fibrinogen are reduced to lower than 47,000 upon proteolytic digestion with chymotrypsin. Surprisingly, however, these lower molecular species of fibrinogen are found to be polymerized in the presence of thrombin. Therefore, extensive structural analyses of the chymotrypsin-treated fibrinogen will contribute to define the essential interaction domains of fibrin units required for polymerization. Fibrinogen 분자의 disulfide 구조가 fibrin polymer를 이루는 과정에서 fibrin 분자들의 규칙적인 배열에 필수적인 요인으로 작용하는가에 대한 연구를 목적으로 fibrinogen 분자의 disulfide 결합을 환원시켜 분석한 결과 fibrinogen 한 분자당 약 3 개의 disulfide 결합이 환원되어도 thrombin 촉매에 의 한 fibrin polymer 형성에는 지장이 없음을 알았다. Fibrinopeptide를 구성하는 산성 아미노산들의 음전하를 중성화시킴으로서 thrombin에 의한 가수분해 과정을 거치지 않고도 fibrinogen의 polymer 형성이 가능한가를 이해하기 위하여 염기성 아미노산인 L-arginine과 L-lysine을 각각 과량 처리한 결과 이들 아미노산 존재하에서 자발적인 polymer 형성이 일어남을 관찰하였다. Fibrinogen의 화학변형에 의해 fibrin polymer 형성을 위한 thrombin 촉매작용이 완전히 억제되었으며 이 결과에 의해 fibrinogen의 특정한 arginine 잔기가 thrombin의 절단부위로 인식됨을 알았고 chymotrypsin 처리에 의하여 thrombin 촉매에 의하여 polymer 형성이 가능하다는 사실을 발견하였다.

수리권을 고려한 유역물관리 모형의 구축 방향

이진희,김정곤,Lee, Jin-Hui,Kim, Jeong-Gon 한국수자원학회 2013 물과 미래(한국수자원학회지) Vol.46 No.5

開水路에서의 2次元 不定流 解析를 위한 有限體積法

이진희,김경탁,심명필,Lee, Jin-Hee,Kim, Kyung-Tak,Sim, Myung-Pil 한국수자원학회 1996 물과 미래(한국수자원학회지) Vol.29 No.5

본 연구에서는 2차원 천수방정식을 지배방정식으로 이용하여 유속 및 수위분포를 계산할 수 있는 수치모델을 개발하였다. 유한체적법에 의한 이산화과정에서, 3차의 Runge-Kutta 방법과 3차 정도의 upwind scheme을 도입하여 지배방정식의 비정상항과 이송항을 이산화하였다. 개발된 모형의 정확성을 검증하기 위하여 마찰 없는 직사각형 수평수로에 적용하였으며, 수치모형에 의해 얻어진 수심과 유속이 정확해야 잘 일치하였다. 또한, 본 모형을 대칭 및 비대칭 단면축소부를 갖는 직사각형 수로에 적용하여 흐름에 대한 유속분포와 홍수파의 전파가 수치모의 하였으며, 그 결과는 흐름특성을 잘 묘사하였다. In this study, a two-dimensional shallow-water equation was used to develop the mathematical model for computing water levels and flow distribution. In the discretization equations, based on the finite volume method (FVM), the third order Runge-Kutta method and the third order upwind scheme were introduced to handle the unsteady and vconvective terms in the governing equations. To determine the accuracy of the developed model, it was applied to the rectangular horizontal channel in a frictionless flow. The water depth and velocity obtained by the numerical model were found to agree closely with the exact solution. The model was also applied to the rectangular channel with both the symmetric and the non symmetric constriction. The velocity distribution of the flow and the propagation of the flood wave were simulated and the results well described the flow characteristics.

국내 도로 환경에 특화된 자율주행을 위한 멀티카메라 데이터 셋 구축 및 유효성 검증

이진희,이재근,박재형,김제석,권순,Lee, Jin-Hee,Lee, Jae-Keun,Park, Jaehyeong,Kim, Je-Seok,Kwon, Soon 대한임베디드공학회 2022 대한임베디드공학회논문지 Vol.17 No.5

Along with the advancement of deep learning technology, securing high-quality dataset for verification of developed technology is emerging as an important issue, and developing robust deep learning models to the domestic road environment is focused by many research groups. Especially, unlike expressways and automobile-only roads, in the complex city driving environment, various dynamic objects such as motorbikes, electric kickboards, large buses/truck, freight cars, pedestrians, and traffic lights are mixed in city road. In this paper, we built our dataset through multi camera-based processing (collection, refinement, and annotation) including the various objects in the city road and estimated quality and validity of our dataset by using YOLO-based model in object detection. Then, quantitative evaluation of our dataset is performed by comparing with the public dataset and qualitative evaluation of it is performed by comparing with experiment results using open platform. We generated our 2D dataset based on annotation rules of KITTI/COCO dataset, and compared the performance with the public dataset using the evaluation rules of KITTI/COCO dataset. As a result of comparison with public dataset, our dataset shows about 3 to 53% higher performance and thus the effectiveness of our dataset was validated.