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인체의 위 조직 시료에서 자기공명영상장치를 이용한 확산계수 측정에 대한 기초 연구
문치웅,최기승,양영일,장희경,은충기,Mun Chi-Woong,Choi, Ki-Sueng,Nana Roger,Hu, Xiaoping P.,Yang, Young-Il,Chang Hee-Kyung,Eun, Choong-Ki 대한의용생체공학회 2006 의공학회지 Vol.27 No.5
The aim of this study is to investigate the feasibility of ex vivo MR diffusion tensor imaging technique in order to observe the diffusion-contrast characteristics of human gastric tissues. On normal and pathologic gastric tissues, which have been fixed in a polycarbonate plastic tube filled with 10% formalin solution, laboratory made 3D diffusion tensor Turbo FLASH pulse sequence was used to obtain high resolution MR images with voxel size of $0.5{\times}0.5{\times}0.5mm^3\;using\;64{\times}32{\times}32mm^3$ field of view in conjunction with an acquisition matrix of $128{\times}64{\times}64$. Diffusion weighted- gradient pulses were employed with b values of 0 and $600s/mm^2$ in 6 orientations. The sequence was implemented on a clinical 3.0-T MRI scanner(Siemens, Erlangen, Germany) with a home-made quadrature-typed birdcage Tx/Rx rf coil for small specimen. Diffusion tensor values in each pixel were calculated using linear algebra and singular value decomposition(SVD) algorithm. Apparent diffusion coefficient(ADC) and fractional anisotropy(FA) map were also obtained from diffusion tensor data to compare pixel intensities between normal and abnormal gastric tissues. The processing software was developed by authors using Visual C++(Microsoft, WA, U.S.A.) and mathematical/statistical library of GNUwin32(Free Software Foundation). This study shows that 3D diffusion tensor Turbo FLASH sequence is useful to resolve fine micro-structures of gastric tissue and both ADC and FA values in normal gastric tissue are higher than those in abnormal tissue. Authors expect that this study also represents another possibility of gastric carcinoma detection by visualizing diffusion characteristics of proton spins in the gastric tissues.
핵자기공명분광법에 사용되는 D2O 및 TSP의 세포 독성 평가
문치웅 ( Chi Woong Mun ),곽소영 ( So Young Kwak ),장무영 ( Moo Young Jang ) 한국조직공학·재생의학회 2012 조직공학과 재생의학 Vol.9 No.2s
Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy has been being used to identify cell metabolite and differentiation with reference material (TSP) and locking solvent (D2O). The aim of this study is to evaluate the cytotoxicity of TSP and D2O which have been widely used for NMR research. MG-63 and hMSC were selected and cultured in 3-dimensions on alginate bead for cytotoxicity test. The statistical analysis was performed after identifying the cell viability in accordance with various concentrations and exposure time of TSP and D2O. There was significant difference of cell viability between two concentrations (40% and 100%) of locking solvent (D2O). Our results indicate that the increased concentration of D2O effects the reduction of cell viability on two different cell types (MG-63: 4%, hMSC:14~40%). However, there was no significant difference by concentration of TSP. The statistical significance and cytotoxicity of concentration were found on D2O but not on TSP except for exposed hMSC for 24 hours from TSP. No statistical significance was found according to exposure time of D2O and TSP. We concluded that TSP still can be used for NMR but the use of D2O should be prohibited when identifying cell metabolite and differentiation. So, another locking solvent except D2O is needed.
뇌 대사물질 팬텀을 이용한 뇌의 자기공명 온도측정법에 관한 기초 연구
한용희,장무영,문치웅,Han, Yong-Hee,Jang, Moo-Young,Mun, Chi-Woong 대한의용생체공학회 2010 의공학회지 Vol.31 No.5
In this study, we measured the chemical shift change of metabolite peaks in the brain-metabolite phantom according to the temperature variation using nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR). The temperature range in NMR system was controled from 25 to 80 (5 step) by internal temperature controller. Temperature coefficients of each metabolite peaks were also calculated from the measured chemical shift depending on the temperature. The chemical shift changes depending on temperature were validated by linear regression method for each metabolite peaks. The temperature coefficients of $_{tot}Cr$, Cho, Cr, NAA, and Lac were 0.0086, 0.0088, 0.0091, 0.0089, and 0.0088ppm/$^{\circ}C$, respectively. This study shows that chemical shift change of brain metabolite and temperature variation have linear relationship each other. This also makes authors believe that brain temperature measurement is possible using MR spectroscopic imaging technique.
정상 위 조직과 위암 조직의 시험관 내 수소자기공명분광
조지연,신운재,최기승,김수현,은충기,양영일,이정희,문치웅,Cho Ji Youn,Shin Oon Jae,Choi Ki Seung,Kim Su Hyun,Eun Choong Ki,Yang Young Il,Lee Jung Hee,Mun Chi Woong 대한위암학회 2003 대한위암학회지 Vol.3 No.3
Purpose: In this study, we attempted to ascertain the proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (${1}^H$ MRS) peak characteristics of human gastric tissue layers and finally to use the metabolic peaks of MRS to distinguish between normal and abnormal gastric specimens. Materials and Methods: Ex-vivo ${1}^H$ MRS examinations of thirty-five gastric specimens were performed to distinguish abnormal gastric tissues invaded by carcinoma cells from normal stomach-wall tissues. High-resolution 400-MHz (9.4-T) ${1}^H$ nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra of two gastric layers, a proper muscle layer, and a composite mucosasubmucosa layer were compared with those of clinical 64- MHz (1.5-T) MR spectra. Three-dimensional spoiled gradient recalled (SPGR) images were used to determine the size and the position of a voxel for MRS data collection. Results: For normal gastric tissue layers, the metabolite peaks of 400-MHz ${1}^H$ MRS were primarily found to be as follows: lipids at 0.9 ppm and 1.3 ppm; alanine at 1.58 ppm; N-acetyl neuraminic acid (sialic acid) at 2.03 ppm; and glutathione at 2.25 ppm in common. The broad and featureless featureless spectral peaks of the 64-MHz MRS were bunched near 0.9, 1.3, and 2.0, and 2.2 ppm in human specimens without respect to layers. In a specimen (Borrmmann type III) with a tubular adenocarcinoma, the resonance peaks were measured at 1.26, 1.36 and 3.22 ppm. All the peak intensities of the spectrum of the normal gastric tissue were reduced, but for gastric tumor tissue layers, the lactate peak split into 1.26 and 1.39 ppm, and the peak intensity of choline at 3.21 ppm was increased. Conclusion: We found that decreasing lipids, an increasing lactate peak that split into two peaks, 1.26 ppm and 1.36 ppm, and an increasing choline peak at 3.22 ppm were markers of tumor invasion into the gastric tissue layers. This study implies that MR spectroscopy can be a useful diagnostic tool for gastric cancer.
형광체 기반 X선 광 변조기를 위한 비정질 셀레늄 필름 특성
강상식,박지군,조성호,차병열,신정욱,이건환,문치웅,남상희,Kang, Sang-Sik,Park, Ji-Koon,Cho, Sung-Ho,Cha, Byung-Youl,Shin, Jung-Wook,Lee, Kun-Hwan,Mun, Chi-Woong,Nam, Sang-Hee 대한의용생체공학회 2007 의공학회지 Vol.28 No.2
PXLM(Phosphor based x-ray light modulator) has a combined structure by phosphor, photoconductor, and liquid crystal and it can realize x-ray image of high resolution in clinical diagnosis area. In this study, we fabricated a photoconductor and investigated electrical and optical properties to confirm application possibility of radiator detector of PXLM structure. As photoconductor, amorphous selenium(a-Se), which is used most in DR(Digital radiography) of direct conversion method, was used and for formation of thin film, it was formed as $20{\mu}m-thick$ by using thermal vacuum evaporation system. For a produced a-Se film, through XRD(X-ray diffraction) and SEM(Scanning electron microscope), we investigated that amorphous structure was uniformly established and through optical measurement, for visible light of 40 $0\sim630nm$, it had absorption efficiency of 95 % and more. After fabricated a-Se film on the top of ITP substrate, hybrid structure was manufactured through forming $Gd_2O_3:Eu$ phosphor of $270{\mu}m-thick$ on the bottom of the substrate. As the result to confirm electrical property of the manufactured hybrid structure, in the case of appling $10V/{\mu}m$, leakage current of $2.5nA/cm^2$ and x-ray sensitivity of $7.31nC/cm^2/mR$ were investigated. Finally, we manufactured PXLM structure combined with hybrid structure and liquid crystal cell of TN(Twisted nematic) mode and then, investigated T-V(Transmission vs. voltage) curve of external light source for induced x-ray energy. PXLM structure showed a similar optical response with T-V curve that common TN mode liquid crystal cell showed according to electric field increase and in appling $50\sim100V$, it showed linear transmission efficiency of $12\sim18%$. This result suggested an application possibility of PXLM structure as radiation detector.
기억성 경도인지장애 및 알츠하이머 치매 환자에서 해마, 편도체, 뇌들보, 내후각 피질과 혈중 지질, 호모시스테인, 엽산 농도와의 연관성
이상준,김태형,허량,최승은,이봉주,김경미,이정구,김홍대,문치웅,김영훈,Lee, Sang Jun,Kim, Tae Hyung,Huh, Lyang,Choi, Seung Eun,Lee, Bong Ju,Kim, Gyung Mee,Lee, Jung Goo,Kim, Hong Dae,Mun, Chi Woong,Kim, Young Hoon 대한생물정신의학회 2015 생물정신의학 Vol.22 No.4
Objectives In this study, the authors evaluated the correlation between levels of serum lipid, homocysteine, and folate with volumes of hippocampus, amygdala, corpus callosum, and in patients with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) or Alzheimer's disease (AD) type. Methods The study recruited patients who visited the dementia clinic of Haeundae Paik Hospital in Korea between March 2010 and June 2014. Among those, patients who had taken the neurocognitive test, brain magnetic resonance imaing, tests for serum lipid, homocysteine, folate, and apolipoprotein E (APOE) genotyping and diagnosed with aMCI or AD were included for analysis. Bilateral hippocampus, entorhinal cortex, amygdala and corpus callosum were selected for region of interest (ROI). The cross-sectional relationships between serum lipid, homocysteine, folate and ROI were assessed by partial correlation analysis and multiple linear regression analysis. Results In patients with aMCI, old age (> 80) and APOE ${\varepsilon}4$ carrier were associated with AD [odds ration (OR) : 12.80 ; 95% confidence interval (CI) : 2.25-72.98 and OR : 4.48 ; 95% CI : 1.58-12.67, respectively]. In patients with aMCI or AD, volumes and thickness of ROI were inversely correlated with levels of serum lipid and homocysteine. In multiple linear regression analyses, higher total cholesterol level was related to lower left, right hippocampus volume and left amygdala volume ; higher low-density lipoprotein cholesterol was related to lower right entorhinal cortex thickness ; higher homocysteine level was related to lower corpus callosum volume. Conclusions Higher serum lipid and homocysteine levels are associated with decreased volume of hippocampus, amygdala, corpus callosum and entorhinal cortex thickness in patients with aMCI or AD. These findings suggest that serum lipid and homocysteine levels are associated with AD as a modifiable risk factor.
지방 조직 유화를 위한 집속형 초음파 변환기 설계 및 제작에 관한 연구
김주영(Ju-Young Kim),김재영(Jae-Young Kim),정현두(Hyun-Du Jung),노시철(Si-Cheol Noh),문창수(Chang-Su Mun),문치웅(Chi-Woong Mun),최흥호(Heung-Ho Choi) 대한전자공학회 2015 전자공학회논문지 Vol.52 No.11
초음파를 이용한 조직 자극 기법은 지속적으로 연구, 개발되고 있으며, 최근 미용 및 비만 치료에 대한 관심이 높아짐에 따라 초음파 지방 제거술에 대한 다양한 연구가 진행되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 초음파 지방 제거술을 위한 초음파 변환기를 설계하고, 조사조건에 따른 집속영역의 형태와 열 변성 영역을 시뮬레이션 하였다. 이를 통하여 제원을 검증하였으며, 제작된 변환기의 초음파 방사 특성 및 가열 특성을 측정하여 유효성을 평가하였다. 또한 복합 구조의 매질을 대상으로 초음파 가열 특성을 예측하였으며 제작된 변환기의 집속점 형태 및 가열 특성이 지방층을 충분히 유화시킬 수 있을 것으로 판단하였다. 본 연구의 결과는 보다 효율적이고 안전한 초음파 지방 제거술의 기초 연구로 활용될 것으로 사료된다. Tissue stimulation technique using ultrasound has been continuously studied and developed. Recently, as a increment of interests for obesity treatment and cosmetic care, a various studies on ultrasonic fat emulsification has been conducted. In this study, the fat emulsification adapted ultrasonic transducer was designed. And using designed transducer, the simulation for the shape of focal area and thermal degradation region was conducted. The dimensions were verified by the simulation results. And the effectiveness was confirmed by evaluating measured radiation characteristic and heating characteristic. In addition, we estimated the ultrasonic heating characteristics in composite structure medium. The shape of focal point and heating characteristic of the proposed transducer were determined to be sufficient to emulsify the fat. The results of this study are considered to be used as basic research in more efficient and safe ultrasonic fat removal.
지방조직의 유화를 목적으로 하는 집속형 초음파 변환기의 설계 및 제작
김주영(Ju-Young Kim),정현두(Hyun-du Jung),김재영(Jae-Young Kim),강정한(Jung-Han Kang),문창수(Chang-Su Moon),문치웅(Chi-woong Mun),최흥호(Heung-Ho Choi) 대한전자공학회 2015 대한전자공학회 학술대회 Vol.2015 No.6
In ultrasonic liposuction using focused ultrasound, it is necessary to consider the location of focal area and the thermal characteristics. In this study, the specifications of ultrasonic transducer was set in consideration of the location and properties of the abdominal adipose tissue, the characteristics of proposed ultrasonic transducer was evaluated by simulation. Based on the simulation, the liopsuction adapted ultrasonic transducer was fabricated and the usefulness of proposed transducer for fat emulsification was confirmed by evaluating the acoustic pressure distribution and the thermal characteristics.