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김미나,김인겸 대한약리학회 2021 The Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology Vol.25 No.1
High fructose diet is associated with the global metabolic syndrome (MtS) pandemic. MtS develops in early life, depending on prenatal and postnatal nutritional status. We hypothesized that ovariectomy increases the chances of developing MtS in adult offspring following high fructose intake by the mother. Pregnant C57BL/6J mouse dams drank water with or without 20% fructose during pregnancy and lactation. After weaning, the pups were fed regular chow. The offspring were evaluated until they were 7 months of age after the mice in each group, both sexes, were gonadectomized at 4 weeks of age. The offspring (both sexes) of the dams who had high fructose intake developed MtS. In the offspring of dams who drank tap water, orchiectomy increased the body weight gain and body fat accumulation, while ovariectomy increased the body fat accumulation as compared to the sham controls. In the offspring of dams with high fructose intake, orchiectomy decreased the body weight gain, body fat accumulation, visceral adiposity, and glucose intolerance, while ovariectomy exacerbated all of them as compared to the sham operations. These data indicate that ovariectomy encourages the development of MtS in adult offspring after maternal high fructose intake, while orchiectomy prevents the development of MtS. The sex difference indicates that male and female sex hormones play contradictory roles in the development of MtS.
유아 성폭력 피해 중재 프로그램 개발을 위한 기초 연구
김미나 부산대학교 영유아보육연구소 1998 영유아보육연구 Vol.4 No.-
The purpose of this study was to be a basic resource for development of child sexual abuse intervention program considering developmental characteristics of young children, through exploring literature studied about intervention or therapy program for children who experienced sexual abuse. Limitations of intervening approach found in developmental characteristics of young children who experienced sexual violence or abuse such as denial, repression, and retraction of truth; announcement of incident; direct questioning; fear of abandonment; illogical beliefs; fixation of negative image; separating soul from body; sex play and sexual acting out; sexual knowledge; regression; assertion; leading questions and evidence gathering are discussed. Roles of counselors and direction of therapy for sexually abused children are also discussed. The KEEPSAFE project of a therapeutic preschool for abused children by the Kempe Children's Center, the Resolution Model, a comprehensive treatment framework in sexual abuse, Sexual Abuse Treatment Project are mainly looked over as to subjects, practicians, agencies with primary help, and methodological issues in intervention programs for sexually abused children. Followings are recommended as requisites for developing more effective intervention program for sexually abused children and their families. 1) Subjects of intervention programs are abused children, his/her families, and abusers in intervention programs. 2) Types of intervention such as individual, group, dyadic, and marital therapy are needed to be used appropriately according to developmental stages in accepting occurrence of abuse where subjects are. 3) Play, art, drama, psychological therapy are effective for sexually abused children and especially role plays are useful for abused children, hisfher families, and abusers. 4) Homes, schools, communities, administrative agencies, and medical agencies are equally responsible for administrating intervention programs. 5) Child/social welfare workers, teachers, therapists/counselors, doctors are needed to be joined actively as personal resource in intervention programs. 6) Consistent routine, limits and rules, choice and control, repetition of rules and limits in safety, consistent staff, a case management system, a consistent weekly schedule, the minimum ratio of therapist/counselor to children, intimacy and reliability between them are needed. It is needed that persistent attention from society and scholars in developing child sexual abuse intervention programs, cooperating and coordinating program practicing agencies, and training therapists/counselors practicing intervention. Longitudinal research is needed to see how well such children are able to integrate concepts that they learned at an earlier age, as they go through later stages of cognitive development. Supplemental short-term therapy at different developmental stages may help them make sense of their early trauma. Research on the long-term effects of psychic trauma on children may suggest directions these interventions should take.