The HBV DNA Amounts in Serum Have No relationship with ALT level and Hetergeneous Population Coexits in Chronic Hepatitis B Virus Infection

Chun, Yoon-Keun,Ha, Joo-hun,Hong-Jung-Woo,Oh, Soo-Myung,Kim, Sung-Soo 경희대학교 동서의학연구소 1999 INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON EAST-WEST MEDICINE Vol.1999 No.1

Yoon-Keun Chun¹,Joohun Ha□Hong-Jung Woo□, Soo Myung Oh□,Sung Soo Kim□ ¹Department of Molecular Biology, College of Medicine,²Department of Surgery, college of Medicine,³Department of Internal Medicine, College of Oriental Medicine,and ⁴East-Weat Medical Reserch Institute,Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea. The HBV DNA Amounts in Serum Have No relationship with ALT level and Hetergeneous Population Coexits in Chronic Hepatitis B Virus Infection. Proceedings of International Symposium on East-West Medicine, Seoul. 212-230, 1999. -Hepatitis B is caused by hepadnavirus. Hepatitis B virus replicates through 3.5kb pregenomic RNA intermediate which is regulated by core promoter. Pathogenesis of hepatitis B virus has been bilieved the result of host immune response. But recently many studies have reported that high level of viral replication caused by mutation in core promoter might result in severs hepatitis. But these studies were performed in vitro, not in vivo. So there is yet debate about which factor, viral of host factor, is more important in pathogenesis of hepatitis B virus. So we measured real viral replication level in 204 chronic hepatitis B patients by quantifying HBV DNA from sera by our novel PCR-based more sensitive method, and compared these results with ALT level measured from same sera, which indicates liver cell damage. Surprisingly there are no significant correlation between HBV DNA quantity and ALT level. Then we cloned core promoter region. In SSCP, we found that many viral mutants coexist in one patient. Base on SSCP result, we chose main viral core promoter type in each patients, which is thought to determine overall viral replication level in this patient. Main type of core promoter region of each 41 patients were directly sequenced. And with these we measured promoter activity by luciferase assay system and compared promoter activity with on another. We found tha there were some differences in promoter activity according to core promoter sequences. And we constructed replication-competent viral constructs with core promoter from 41 patients and Transfected these into HepG2 cell and measured HBV DNA by southern blot. There were also differences in HBV DNA quantity according to core promoter sequences. On these all results we investigated correlation between the effect of HBV core promoter on viral replication in vitro and HBN DNA quantity, ALT level from sera of each patients. We found there is no significant correlation among them. As a result, we concluded that in determining severity chronic hepatitis B patients, host factors of each patient is more important rather than replicative activity of virus itself.

조선업 용접공의 용접흄 생애누적노출량을 이용한 환기기능 평가

정춘화,임현우,구정완,박정일 大韓産業醫學會 2002 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.14 No.4

목적 : 조선업 용접공들의 용접흄 생애 누적노출량을 이용하여 그들의 환기기능을 평가하기 위하여 본연구를 실시하였다. 방법 : 1개 대규모 조선소에서 용접흠에 5년이상 노출된 남자근로자 241명과 대조군으로 사무직 남자 근로자 80명을 대상으로 개인별 생애 누적노출량을 산출하였고 환기기능으로서 노력성폐활량(FVC), 1초량(FEV_1), 1초율(FEV_1%), 최대중간호기 속도(MMF), 최고호기기류속도(PEER)와 호기 FVC의 50%, 75% 시점에서의 최대호기기류인 FEF_50, FEF_75를 얻고저 노력성 호기곡선과 최대호기기류-용량곡선을 측정하여 분석한 결과는 다음과 같았다. 결과 : FEF_50과 FEF_75의 예측치에 대한 백분율(%pred)의 평균은 노출군이 대조군보다 유의하게 감소하였고 MMF는 감소하는 경향을 보였다. 현재의 노출수준 증가에 따라 감소하는 유의한 환기지수는 없었다. 환기지수 중 MMF, FEF_50 및 FEF_75는 노출 기간이 길수록 유의하게 감소하였다. 노출수준×노출기간으로 산출한 용접흄 누적노출량(C1)이 증가함에 따라 최대노출군에서 유의하게 감소한 환기지수는 FEF_75 뿐이었다. 노출수준, 노출기간, 환기시설, 생산량, 보호구사용, 용접봉 및 와이어 종류 등의 변수들을 고려하여 산출한 용접흠 누적 노출량(C2)이 증가함에 따라 최대노출군에서 유의하게 감소한 환기지수는 FEF_75이었으며 MMF 및 FEF_50은 감소하는 경향을 보였다. 또한 환기지수중 MMF, FEF_50 및 FEF_75의 경우 생애 누적노출량(C2)이 증가함에 따라 비정상적인 환기기능을 보인 근로자 비율이 유의하게 증가하였다. 결론 : 본 연구결과는 노출 관련 요인들을 고려하여 산출한 생애 누적노출량(C2)을 이용하여 용접흠에 노출된 근로자들의 환기기능을 평가하는데 있어서 MMF, FEF_50 및 FEF_75가 유용한 지수이었다. Objectives : This study was conducted to evaluate the ventilatory function in shipyard welders using the lifetime cumulative exposure to welding fumes. Methods : Ventilatory function tests were performed on 241 male welders at one large shipuad. exposed to welding fumes for over five years, and was compared to 80 male control subjects. Ventilatory function indices, such as forced vital capacity(FVC). one-second forced expiratory volume(FEV), rato of FEV_1 to FVC(FEV_1%), maximal mid-expira-tory flow(MMF). peak expiratory flow rate(PEER) and maximal expiratory flow at 50 and 75% of expited FVC(FEF_50 and FEF_75), were obtained by analuyzing forced expiratory spirograms and maximal expiratory flowvolume curves that were simultaneously mea-sured by an Impulse ocillometry(IOS) program in the standing position. Results : FEF_50 and FEF_75 expressed as a percentage of the predicted values were significatly lower in the exposure group than in the controls, and the MMF tended to decrease. The mens of all the ventilatory indices, expressed as percentage of the predicted values, were not significantly increased at the current exposure levels. The MMF, FEF_+50 and FEF_75, expressed as a percentage of the predicted values, were significantly decreased with an increase in exposure duration. Onlu the FEF_75, expressed as a percentage of the predicted value, was significantly decreased with an increase in the cunulative exposure to welding fumes(C1). The FEF_75, expressed as a percentage of the predicted value, was significantly decreased with an increase in the cumulative exposure to welding fumes(C2), The above parameters were calculated to consider the durrent exposure level, exposure duration, application of the ventilator sustem, production rate, personal protection device, electrode and swelding wire. The MMF and FDF_50, expressed as a percentage of the predicted value, tended to decrease, The proportion of workers with abnormal MMF, FDF_50 and FDF_75 were significantly increased with an increase in the cumulative exposure to welding fumes(C2). Conclusions : These findings suggested that the MMF, FDF_50 and FDF_75 are sensitive and practical indices for the evaluation of the ventilatory function of workeers exposed to welding fumes, when the lifetime cumulative exposure(C2) is considered as a factor affedting exposure.

綠化と人間 (Ⅲ) : 비탈면 綠化의 展望 Perspective on the revegetation of the face of slopes

全槿雨,西門原,徐正一,安榮相,金仁愛,井上章二,岩本徹,江崎次夫 江原大學校 森林科學硏究所 2002 Journal of Forest Science Vol.18 No.-

21세기에 들어 在來木本植物을 이용한 비탈면 綠化가 이용되기 시작되고 있으므로 그 발전방향을 예측하기 위해 綠化의 기본적인 개념과 綠化에 대한 주역주민의 인식을 정리하여 보았다. 조사결과, 지역주민은 綠化의 필요성과 在來木本植物을 이용한 工法을 충분히 인식하고 있었으나, 外來種의 도입에 대해서는 대부분의 주민이 부정적이었다. 따라서 앞으로는 비탈면 綠化의 多面性을 추구해야 하며, 在來 木本植物의 도입이 곤란한 장소에는 在來 雜草類의 이용을 추진해야 할 것이다. 또한 비탈면에 시공하고 있는 金網은 人爲的 災害를 유인할 가능성이 있으므로 시정할 필요가 있다. 결론적으로 비탈면 綠化는 단기적으로는 비탈면의 物理的 安定과 生態的 安定에, 중·장기적으로는 地球環境의 改善과 向上에 기여해야 할 것이다. The twenty-first century was entered and began to show the extent where revegetation of the face of slopes using the native woody plant was nationwide at last. Then, future revegetation of the face of slopes was considered on the basis of them in order to attempt the development of this direction, while the recognition for fundamental matter of the revegetation and revegetation of t h e regional inhabitant was arranged this time. The regional inhabitant sufficiently understood t h e necessity of the revegetation, and the method using the native woody plant had sufficiently been recognized, and the high evaluation was given in the method. In the other, the major inhabitant questioned it for introducing the exotic species. I t was proposed that the utilization of native weeds should be advanced by the pursuit of many facets of the revegetation of the face of the slopes based on these in future in the place where the introduction of the native woody plant is difficult. And, the method for stretching the wire netting for the face of slopes indicated the necessity of the urgent review, because the artificial disaster might be caused. As a conclusion, the goal of the revegetation of the face of slopes confirmed that it was ecologically stable short-terminable face of slopes physically and connects it with the medium and long term for improvement and improvement of global environment, and it indicated the importance of the revegetation of the face of slopes.

백혈병 세포에서 Multidrug Resistance Gene-1 (mdr1)의 과발현이 ^99m Tc-sestaMIBI 섭취에 미치는 영향

천경아,이재태,이상우,강도영,손상균,이종기,정준기,전수한,이규보 경북대학교 의학연구소 2000 경북대학교병원의학연구소논문집 Vol.4 No.1

Purpose: To determine whether 99mTc-MIBI is recognized by the multidrug resistant P-glycoprotein (Pgp), we have measured quantitatively 99mTc-MIBI uptake in cancer cells. The effects of various Pgp reversing agents on cellular 99mTc-MIBI uptake were also investigated in the presence of multidrug resistance gene-1(mdr1 gene) overexpression. Materisls and Methods: We measured percentage uptake of 99mTc-MIBI at different incubation temperatures both in mdr1 positive and negative cells. The effects of verapamil, cyclosporin, and dipyridamole on cellular uptake of 99mTc-MIBI were also evaluated with or withouts overexpression of mdr1 gene in Cultured murine leukemia L1210 cells. Results: The mdr1 gene expressing cell lines were effectively induced in in vitro with continuous application of low-dose adriamycin or vincristine. Cellular uptake of 99mTc-MIBI was higher in mdr1 negative L 1210 cells than those of mdr1 positive cells, and higher when incubated in 37℃ than 4℃. In the presence of verapamil, cyclosporin or dipyridamole, 99mTc-MIBI uptake was increased upto 604% in mdr1 positive cells. Conclusion: Cellular uptake of 99mTc-MIBI is lower in leukemia cells over-expressing mdr1 gene, and MDR-reversing agents increase cellular uptake. These results suggest that 99mTc-MIBI can be used for characterizing Pgp expression and developing MDR-reversing agents in vitro. (Korean J Nucl Med 1999;33: 152-62)

WWW에서 프록시 서버의 효율성 분석에 대한 연구

정영석,장우석,류명춘 경운대학교 산업기술연구소 2001 産業技術硏究論文誌 Vol.3 No.2(A)

As the user of web glow rapidly, technologies to reduce web latency become important. Proxy caching is one of the most effective and widely implemented mechanism by prefetching documents on the proxy server, better cache hit rate can be achieved and the clients feel faster response time. In this paper, we proposes a model for evaluating the performance of proxy server in WWW.

활성탄 제조용 하수슬러지 활성탄화로 개발

정동현,이우주,전영남 조선대학교 환경공해연구소 2007 環境公害硏究 Vol.20 No.1

Sludge treatment has been studied with many researcher since disposal problem of sewage sludge was became powerfully. But there was still the problem of secondary pollution and heavy metal leaching in the sewage sludge treatment process. To solve the problem, the treatment was to produce active carbon through the carbonization and the steam activation. In this study attempts to optimum design a activated carbonizer and optimum operation conditions and the technology as changing the variables. parametric screening studies were carried out for variations of the following variables : input of steam "10∼80 g/min" and carbonized time "12∼31.2 min". At the result of this is chosen, that input of steam "35 g/min" and carbonized time "31.2 min". At this time, Iodine adsorptivity and output particle diameter shown that 245.5 ㎎/g and under 4 mm. And also, by using photograph and SEM were confirmed the pore development.

토당귀 종자의 형태적 특성과 발아와 입모율에 대한 저장방법,생장조절제 및 프라이밍 처리 효과

안희정,안복주,·김도현,·안영섭,·김영국,박춘근,이상원,·박충범·차선우,·송범헌, 忠北大學校 農業科學硏究所 2015 農業科學硏究 Vol.31 No.1

This study was conducted to have basic and applied informations to establish the cultivation method and to improve the cultivation techniques of Angelica gigas Nakai through investigating the rates of germination and seedling establishment with treatment of plant growth regulator and seed priming. The germination rates of round shape seed were about 0.3~12% higher than those of parallel shape. The germination rates with different storage durations were increased at the level of 25oC and 4oC with the storage days, while they were clearly higher at -20oC compared to those at 4oC and 25oC without the storage durations. With the results of germination rates with treating of plant growth regulator and seed priming, their rates with the round shape seeds were comparatively higher about 6% than those with parallel shape seed and they were increased with increasing of the storage durations. The germination rates were generally appeared higher with GA3 than did those with seed priming. The highest germination rate was appeared at 50 ppm GA3 of plant growth regulator and at -0.5 MPa PEG6000 of seed priming. The germination rates?ㅤ ?ㅤ of Angelica gigas were different with different temperature, storage durations and the treatments of plant growth regulator and seed priming. These results could be used according to different cultivating conditions.

임대아파트의 수선비용 관리시스템을 위한 데이터베이스 구축

이춘경,정영한,박태근,김광우,김창덕,김옥규,황영삼,박홍석 대한건축학회 2003 대한건축학회 학술발표대회 논문집 - 계획계/구조계 Vol.23 No.1

It shows that a variety of side effects result from the housing-supply policy focused in quantity. In a rental apartment for the low-income group, a shortage of maintenance cost in facilities become aggravated. The rapid progress of obsolete leads the lessor to the economic loss as well as a baneful influence to national economy. Also, the maintenance skill brings inadequacy by reason of technique development focused on new construction. As a result, the cost which needs for maintenance should get accomplished to application toward economy analysis and attempt considered management and financial affairs. Simultaneously, it should keep and administer a lot of data of maintenance affairs during life cycle in apartment and set up the way for aiding the situation of maintenance process.

거제도 구천호와 연초호의 곤충과 저서성 대형무척추동물의 분포

정선우,박정원,전세근,윤춘식 7개 국립대학교 환경연구 논문집 공동발행 위원회 2004 공업기술연구 Vol.4 No.-

The community structures of benthic macroinvertebrates and insects of reservoirs Yeoncho and Gucheon in Is. Geoje were studied. The surveyed sites were three streams and waterfronts each lake. The Collection was performed from May to October of 2004. As a result, total macroinvertabrates collected in the reservoir Yeoncho were 2 phyla, 2 classes, 8 orders, 15 families, 17 genera and 18 species. IN insects, 12 orders, 52 families, 89 genera and 95 species were identifies. Total macroinvertabrates collected in the reservoir Gucheon were 3 phyla, 4 classes, 10 orders, 15 families, 18 genera and 18 species. In insects, 8 orders, 45 families, 92 genera and 101 species were identified. Dominant species of benthic macroinvertebrates and insects in reservoir Yeoncho were Macrobrachium nipponense and Nysius(Nysius) plebejus respectively. The total species richness and species diversity of benthic macroinvertebrates in the reservoir Yeoncho was 32.78 and 1,77 respectively. The total species richness and species diversity of benthic macroinvertertebrates in the reservoir Gucheon was 36.48 and 1.88 respectively.

합천군 정양지와 박실지의 곤충 및 저서성 대형무척추동물의 분포

정선우,전세근,김인택,박정원,윤춘식 7개 국립대학교 환경연구논문집 공동발행 위원회 2005 공업기술연구 Vol.5 No.-

The community structures of benthic macro-invertebrates and insects of reservoirs Jeongyang and Pakasil in Hapcheon-gun were studied. The surveyed sites were three streams and waterfronts of each lake. The Collection was performed from April to October of 2005. As a result, total macreo-invertebrates collected in the reservoir Jeongyang were 3 phyla, 4 classes, 12 orders, 29 families and 56 species. In insects, 12 orders, 71 families and 167 species were identified. Total macro-invertebrates collectd in the reservoir Paksil were 2 phyla, 3 classes, 8 orders, 19 families and 36 species. In insects, 11orders, 50 families and 137 species were identified.Dominant species of benthic macro-invertebrates and insects in reservoir Jeongyang were Chiromomus sp and Nysius plebejus respectively. Dominant species of benthic macro-invertebrates and insects in reservoir Paksil were Physella acuta and Nysius plebejus respectively. The total species richness and species diversity of benthic macro-invertebrates in the reservoir Jeongyang was 16.88 and 1.43 respectively. The total species richness and species diversidty of benthic macro-invertebrates in the reservoir Paksil was 12.12 and 1.10 respectively. The total species richness and species diversity of insects in the reservoir Jeongyang was 56.65 and 1.99 respectively. The total species richness and species diversity of benthic macro-invertebrates in the reservoir Paksil was 47.65. and 0.90 respectively.