시상부 및 기저핵부 고혈압성 뇌실질내 혈종 환장에서의 상 하지 운동마비에 대한 고찰

문성근 圓光大學校 醫科學硏究所 1999 圓光醫科學 Vol.15 No.1

Background: The hemiparesis is a common and major problem in patients with hypertensive intracerebral hematoma. In order to define any differences between the improvements of upper and lower extremities, the author investigated the muscle strengths of paralytic extremities in patients with thalamic and basal ganglionic intracerebral hematoma which are the most common two involved sites of hypertensive intracerebral hematoma. Method: Using the manual muscle strength test, the muscle strengths on hemorrhagic attack and 6 months later were investigated in sixty seven patients with small and medium-sized thalamic and basal ganglionic intracerebral hematoma who were admitted to the department of neurosurgery, Wonkwang university hospital from Jan. 1998 to Dec. 1998. Results: In patients with thalamic hemorrhage, the means of motor grades of upper and lower extremities on admission were 2.8 ± 1.0 and 3.1 ± 0.9, and those six months later, 3.7 ± 0.9, 4.0 ± 0.8, respectively. In patients with basal ganglionic hematoma, the means of motor grades were as followed; upper and lower extremities on admission, 2.8 ± 0.9, 3.1 ± 0.9, and six months later, 3.6 ± 1.1, 4.4 ± 0.7, respectively. In patients with thalamic hematoma, the means of differences between the initial and follow-up motor grade were 1.0 ± 0.7 in arms and 0.9 ± 0.9 in legs, and in ganglionic hematoma, 0.8 ± 0.9, 1.3 ± 0.8, respectively. Conclusion: Although there is a considerable improvement of hemiparesis in patients with small and medium-sized thalamic and basal ganglionic intracerebral hematoma, a significant difference exists between the improvements of upper and lower extremities. The motor weakness of lower extremities, especially in basal ganglionic hematoma, is considered to improve more remarkably than that of upper extremities.

olanzapin과 Risperidone의 급성 및 만성 투여기가 흰쥐 전전두피질의 Dopamine 농도에 미치는 영향

문선근,정영철,은홍배,황익근,박태원 大韓神經精神醫學會 2002 신경정신의학 Vol.41 No.1

항정신병약물들이 전전두피질의 세포외 dopamine 농도에 미치는 영향은 이 약물들의 음성 증상에 대한 효과와 관련이 있는 것으로 보고 되고 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 최근 국내에서 많이 사용되고 있는 olanzapine과 risperidone을 흰쥐에 급성 및 만성 투여를 한 후, 이들 약물들이 전전두피질의 세포외 dopamine 농도에 미치는 영향을 알아보고자 하였다. 샘플은 생체 내 뇌 미세투석법(in vivo brain microdialysis)을 이용하여 얻었고 샘플내 dopamine의 농도는 전기화학적 검출법(electrochemical detection : ECD)을 사용하는 고압액체크로마토그라피(high pressure liquid chromatography : HPLC)로 측정하였다. 그 결과는 다음과 같다. 1) Olanzapine과 risperidone의 급성 투여는 전전두피질 부취의 세포외 dopamine 농도를 증가시켰으며 증가의 정도는 용량 의존적이었다. 2) Olanzapine과 risperidone의 급성 투여에 의해 전전두피질 부위에 나타난 세포외 dopamine 농도의 최고치는 두 약물간에 유의한 차이가 없었다. 3) Olanzapine과 risperidone의 만성 투여는 전전두피질 부위의 세포외 dopamine 농도를 증가시켰으나 그 증가의 정도가 급성 투여에 비해 모두 감소하는 내성 현상이 보였다. 4) Olanzapine과 risperidone의 만성 투여에 의해 전전두피질 부위에 나타나는 세포외 dopamine 농도의 최고치는 olanzapine과 risperidone에 비해 유의하게 높았다. 이상의 결과들은 Olanzapine과 risperidone의 음성 증상에 대한 임상적 효과가 이들 약물이 전전두피질의 세포외 dopamine 농도를 증가시키는 효과와 관견이 있음을 제시한다. Object : It is reported that the effect of antipsychotics on the extracellular dopamine levels in the prefrontal cortex is related to the their effect on the negative symptoms. Therefore, we investigated the acute and chronic effects of olanzapine and risperidone on the extracellular dopamine concentrations in the prefrontal cortex of rat. Samples were obtained using in vivo brain microdialysis. Method : Dopamine levels in the samples were measured by high pressure liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection. Results : 1) Both the acute treatment of olanzapine and risperidone increased the extracellular dopamine concentrations in the prefrontal cortex, dose-dependently. 2) There was a no significant difference in the maximal change of the extracellular dopamine concentrations in the prefrontal cortex induced by the acute treatment of olanzapine and risperidone. 3) Both the chronic treatment of olanzapine and risperidone also increased the extracellular dopamine concentrations in the prefrontal cortex, but they showed the tolerance effect that the degree of increase was smaller than that of the acute treatment. 4) As for the maximal changes of the extracellular dopamine concentrations in the prefrontal cortex induced by the chronic treatment of planzapine and risperidone, the effect of the former was greater than that of the latter. Conclusion : These results suggest that the effects of olanzapine and risperdone on the negative symptoms are related to the increased extracellular dopamine concentrations in the prefrontal cortex induced by these drugs.

정신분열증에서 전반적 장애수준에 영향을 미치는 증상에 관한 연구

고문경,신석철,왕성근 충남대학교 의과대학 지역사회의학연구소 1988 충남의대잡지 Vol.15 No.2

This study was attempted to clarify the effects of the symptoms which determine the overall evel of disability after twelve months among various aspects of short-term prognosis in schizo phrenia. 100 Schizophrenic patients on Screening Schedule were applied Present State Examination, Psychological Impairment Rating Schedule, Scale for the Assessment of Negative symptoms and Diagnostic and Prognostic schedule. Overall level of disability after twelve months was classified in 3 groups as the group of improvement with less disability(56 patients), the group of no change(21 patients), and the group of deterioration with more disability(23 patients). To investigate differentiating components among 3 groups, the autlor selected 25 significant variables(p<0.005)with the X^2-test of independence and then tried factor analysis using SPSS/ PC+ based on the scores of each variable. The results of factor analysis were as follows. 1. In the group of improvement with less disability, 2 factors were extracted as lack of emotion factor and poverty of content of speech factor. In the group of no change, 3 factors were extracted as lack of emotion factor, lack of interest factor and poverty of content of speech factor. In the group of deterioration with more disability, 4 factors were extracted as lack of emotion and abnormal expression factor, lack of interpersonal relationship factor, lack of selfinterest factor and poverty of content of speech factor. 2. In the group of improvement with less disability, the contents of lack of emotion factor and poverty of content of speech factor were consistent with the contents of the factor extracted in the other 2 groups, but the severity of the symptoms was minimal and the symptoms of lack of interest or lack of interpersonal relationship were not revealed 3. In the group of no change, the contents of lack of emotion factor and poverty of content of speech factor were consistent with the contents of the factors extracted in the other 2 groups, but the severity of the symptoms was moderate and the contents of lack of interest was characteristic additional symptoms. 4. In the group of deterioration with more disability, the contents of lack emotion factor and poverty of content of speech factor were consistent with the contents of the factor extracted in the other 2 groups, but the severity of the symtoms was severe. The contents of lack of selfinterest factor were consistent with the contents of the factor extracted in the group of no change but the severity of the symptoms was severe. And the contents of lack of interpersonal relationship and abnormal expression were characteritsic additional symptoms.

손상정도계수와 외상치를 이용한 외상환자의 분석

송근정,장문준,김성중,조광현,김인병,최성욱,이한식 대한응급의학회 1993 대한응급의학회지 Vol.4 No.2

Trauma is one of the most common causes of death. Recently, injury severity score(ISS) is widely used to evaluate and classify the patients with multiple injury. Trauma score(TS) was developed as a means of providing rapid accurate assessment of the injured patient. Authors conducted a review of trauma patients who visited the emergency department of YongDong Severance Hospital from September 1992 to August 1993. ISS and TS were collected from comprehensive initial evaluation. The results were as follows : 1) The subjects were 10.2%(2,666 patients) of total 26,202 emergency patients. 2) Male to female ratio was 2.1 : 1. The age distribution was highest under 10 year(24.9%). The mean ISS was 3.5, and the mean ISS increased with ago. 3. Analysis of injury mechanism showed high incidence of traffic accident(35.3%), blunt trauma 25.7%, fall 24.2%, stabbing 10.7%, and others 4.3% in order. 4. The 8.0% of patients were admitted after initial management and their mean Iss was 12.6 mean TS was 15.5. 5. Among admitted traffic accident patients, the mean ISS of passenger T.A., pedestrian T.A. and driver T.A. were 19.0 ±9.9, 14.4 ±10.6, and 11.3 ±7.7 respectively. 6. Among 42 mortality cases, 25 patients were D.O.A. and 17 were expired. The mean ISS of D.O.A. Patients was 30.0; the mean Iss and mean Iss and mean TS of expired patients were 28.3 and 11.8 respectively. 7. The most common cause of death was head trauma(66.7%). 8. By comparing the ISS and TS of admitted and expired patients, mortality occurred above 16 point of ISS. The mortality increased with increasing ISS, but it was influenced by the trauma site and the severity of the particular injury site. Mortality also occurred below 15 point of TS, the mortality increased inversely with TS, and the mortality with TS, and the mortality was high below 13 point (above 40%).

치주조직 재생을 위한 칼슘 포스페이트 글라스 분말이 백서 두개골 결손부의 골조직 재생에 미치는 영향

이용근,문현주,이상배,김광만,김경남,최성호 大韓齒科器材學會 2003 대한치과재료학회지 Vol.30 No.2

The treatment of the tone defects resulting from trauma, neoplasm, surgery, or infection is one of the major concern in dentistry. The major goal is the functional, esthetical regeneration of supporting structures already destructed by disease. Transplantation technique have been used to provide a scaffold for bone regeneration, to augment bony defects resulting from trauma or surgery, to restore bone loss caused by dental disease, to prevent the collapse the alveolar ridge in recent extraction sites, to replace bone loss by periodontal disease, to augment the alveolar ridge in implant surgery. There are autogeneous, allogenic, xenogenic and alloplastic bone-grafts in transplantation. Among the alloplastic bone-graft materials, calcium phosphates have been received the most attention. In this study, the critical size defects were surgically produced in the calvarial bone of Sprague-Dawley rats using the 8 ㎜ trephine bur. Calcium phosphate glass powders with mean diameter 400 ㎛ transplanted onto the produced detects in the experimental group, while sutured without grafting anything in the control group. Histomorphometric as well as radiodensitometric analyses were performed after sacrifice at 2, 4 and 8 weeks following operation. The prepared calcium phosphate glass powder with average size 400 ㎛ in CaO-CaF_2-P_2O_5-MgO-Al_2O_3 promoted new bone formation in the calvarial defects in the Sprague-Dawley rats. New bone was formed in the upper side of the detects as well as the defect margin and dura mater. Experimental group always exhibited higher values in the length, area and density of the newly formed bone than that of the control group. There were significant differences between the experimental and the control groups, except the density after 4 weeks (p<0.05).

젊은 성인에서 신체 만족도에 따른 문제해결양식, 대인관계문제와 우울증상과 자살사고와의 관련성

차승민,김태성,강문희,권명진,김정란,왕성근,지익성 대한생물치료정신의학회 2011 생물치료정신의학 Vol.17 No.2

Objectives:The aim of this study was to evaluate that problem solving styles, interpersonal problems, depression and suicidal ideation according to body image satisfaction. Methods:One hundred and nineteen young healthy normal subjects filled out administered the Body Dysmorphic Disorder Examination-Self Report (Korean version of BDDE-SR K-BDDE-SR), Problem Solving Style Scale(Korean version PSS), Korean Inventory of Interpersonal Problem(KIIP), Korean version of the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale(KDASS-21), Korean version of Beck Scale for Suicidal Ideation(Korean version SSI) and Korean version of Reynolds Suicidal Ideation Questionnaire(Korean version SIQ) for a month. Results:Out of the 119 subjects, 39%(N=46) was male and 61%(N=73) was female. In high K-BDDE-SR group (higher than 67), helplessness was significantly higher than low K-BDDE-SR group(lower than 67), and problem-solving confidence, creative style, approach style were significantly lower than low K-BDDE-SR group. Also, Higher level of all KIIP factors in High K-BDDE-SR group was significantly differ than low K-BDDE-SR group. In High K-BDDE-SR group, K-DASS-21, SSI, and SIQ were significantly higher than low K-BDDE-SR group. Using multiple regression analysis contributing variance toward the total factor score of K-BDDE-SR of participants were K-DASS-21 and SIQ. Conclusion:Our results indicates that high tendency of dissatisfied body images have differences in helplessness, problem-solving confidence, approach style, interpersonal problems, depression and suicidal ideation compared to low tendency of dissatisfied body images. It is necessary to study body dysmorphic disorder patients group in the future.

6차 교육 과정에 따른 고등학교 공통 과학 (화학 부분) 교과서의 탐구 활동 분석

김윤희,정경규,문경근,문성배 부산대학교 사범대학 과학교육연구소 1998 科學敎育硏究報 Vol.25 No.-

In order to obtain the fundamental data for developing an ideal chemistry curriculum in the common science, four kind of common science textbooks were analyzed. Particularly, inquiry activities part was analyzed by the three dimension framework which consists of inquiry content dimension, inquiry process dimension and inquiry context dimension. The average volume of chemistry part in the common science text books was 13% (56 page). In the analysis of the inquiry content dimension of inquiry activities, the total number of themes in four kinds of textbook had similar inquiry activities. For the analysis of inquiry process dimension, 'interpreting data and formulating generalizations' category(39.1%) was most emphasized and the categories of 'observation and measuring'(30.8%), and 'building, testing and revising the theoretical model'(16.5%), 'seeing a problem and seeking ways to solve it'(13.5%) follow in order. As for the analysis of the inquiry context dimension, the scientific context was 82%, the individual context 1.8%, the social context 7.8% and the technical context 7.8%. It showed that the proportion of STS related contents in inquiry activities was 18%. For the purpose of common science text book in the 6th curriculum, it is expected to increase the proportion of the high level inquiry process and the proportion of STS related contents.

공통과학(화학) 수행평가의 적용 효과

이석희,이상은,박종근,문성배 부산대학교 사범대학 과학교육연구소 2001 科學敎育硏究報 Vol.28 No.-

The purpose of this study is to examine the effects of the application of experimental practices, descriptive tests, and research papers among the performance assessments on the students' accomplishment, their scientific research abilities and their attitudes to science in high schools. Two classes among the first grade ones were selected and assigned to the control group and the experimental group respectively. T-analysis of pre-test showed that the two groups have the same quality(p>.05). The questionnaire made by the Korean Educational Development Institute(KEDI) was used. Its reliability is .689. The experimental process was evaluated on the basis of the criterion table and reports. T-tes and ANOVA were enforced with the SPSS/WIN(ver10.0) for the purpose of analyzing the mean difference between the two groups. The results of this study are as follows. First, though the application of the performance assessments showed that there were little significant differences between the scientific research abilities of the experimental group with the experimental practice and those of the control group(p>.05), and the results of the pre-test and the post-test on the experimental group revealed that there were significant effects on improving the students' scientific research abilities(p<.05). Second, the result of the test using ANOVA at each research course factor showed that there was no significant difference at most research course factors that there were significant differences between the two groups in expanding the scientific research abilities of classification and measurement(p<.05). Finally, the results of the pre-test and the post-test by application of the performance assessments showed that they had significant effects on changing the students' attitude to science subject positively(p<.05). In addition, the results of the pre-testing and the post-testing on the sub-factors of the attitude related to science showed that there were significant changes in the concept of 'self-consciousness' and the attitude to learning(p<.05). In conclusion, the application of the performance assessments has positive effects on improving the high school students' scholastic achievement, scientific research abilities, and attitudes to related to science. Consequently, science teachers should be willing to use various performance assessments in the class.

Optimization of Cortical Infarct by Light Intensity in Photothrombotic Infarction Model

Seong-Keun Moon,Chung-Yong Yang,Tae-Jin Kim,Seoul Lee,Quan-Yu Cai,Kwon-Ha Yoon,Gyung-Jae Oh,Hyoung-Ihl Kim,Joon-Ho Song,Min-Cheol Lee,Yong-Il Shin 한국실험동물학회 2006 Laboratory Animal Research Vol.22 No.3

Light intensity, a major determinant in creating infarct lesion in photothrombotic model, has never been systematically investigated. Authors varied light intensity to demonstrate diverse depth of lesions, correlating with motor deficit and its natural recovery pattern and thus tried to establish an individualized infarct model which can meet specific purpose of other stroke researches. Sprague-Dawley male rats were trained to perform single pellet reaching task (SPRT) for 2 weeks preoperatively. Photothrombotic infarcts were made on the sensorimotor cortex contralateral to preffered limb using rose-bengal dye (20 ㎎/㎏) and cold light. Seventy-five rats were divided depending on the light energy (W/㎠); sham control (n=15), 0.2 (n=15), 0.5 (n=15), 0.75 (n=15), and 1.0 (n=15). Each nine rats (total forty-five) were sampled one day after operation for imaging analysis of infarct lesions by MRI. SPRT were continued up to 2 weeks after operation to determine the recovery patterns. As the light intensity is increased, the depth of infarct lesion was deeper. The depth of infarct lesion is linearly correlated with the light intensity. Immediately after infarction, all the experimental groups showed sharp decline of SPRT scores and then showed slowely improved motor function up to 2 weeks. Final recoveries were statistically different among group sham, 0.2, 0.5, 0.75, and 1.0 W/㎠, It is concluded that light intensity can modulate the extent of infarct lesion, correlating with final recovery of motor behavior. Modulation of light intensity is contributing to choose the optimal ischemia model suited for specific purpose.

Promotion of Motor Recovery by Anodal Continuous and Low Amplitude Cortical Stimulation in Rat Stroke Model

Seong-Keun Moon,Chung-Yong Yang,Se-Eung No,Eun-Young Kim,Seoul Lee,Soon-Ah Park,Gyung-Jae Oh,Hyoung-Ihl Kim,Joon-Ho Song,Min-Cheol Lee,Yong-Il Shin 한국실험동물학회 2007 Laboratory Animal Research Vol.23 No.1

Electrical stimulation is assumed to augment the adaptive plasticity of the neighboring brain around the region of stroke and to enhance motor recovery in stroke models. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effects of anodal cortical stimulation for enhancement of motor recovery in rat stroke model. This study used a photothrombotic model of stroke to examine the behavioral effect of cortical stimulation. Sprague-Dawley rats were trained on a task of single pellet reaching (SPR) before surgery. Photothrombosis was applied on the sensorimotor cortex contralateral to paw predominance using rose bengal dye and cold light. Unipolar electrode was implanted at the border between infarct area and normal brain, followed by anodal continuous low voltage stimulation was delivered for 3 weeks. Daily SPR tasks were performed to evaluate the motor recovery using 'Behavior-Stimulation box'. Anodal electrical stimulation not only prompted earlier start of motor recovery but also improved final recovery. It also eliminated "inflammatory dip" of motor deficit. Low voltage electrical stimulation showed no adverse effect in stroke models. It is concluded that low voltage anodal continuous cortical stimulation can remarkably enhance motor recovery in photothrombotic stroke models.