직업훈련 프로그램이 장애인 직업준비도에 미치는 효과

이달엽,김다혜,이승욱 한국장애인재활협회 2004 재활복지 Vol.8 No.1

직업재활을 위해서는 무엇보다 장애인의 직업적 능력을 최대한으로 개발하고 적응시키기 위한 직업훈련이 필수적이며, 이러한 훈련을 통해 직업인으로서의 바탕이 되는 자질과 기능을 충분히 갖도록 해야 한다. 직업훈령에 있어서 단순한 직업적 기능의 훈련만으로는 효과를 거둘 수 없고 직업인으로서의 전인적 훈련이 필요하다. 따라서 장애인에게 적용되고 있는 직업훈련프로그램이 직업적응, 직업유지를 위해 가장 바탕이 되는 직업준비도에 어느 정도 영향을 미치는 효과가 있는지를 파악하여 직업훈련서비스 제공에 있어서 개선을 위한 기초자료로 활용하고자 하였다. 구체적인 연구문제로 직업훈련프로그램이 장애인의 직업태도, 대인관계 및 사회기술, 직업생활 유지에 필요한 직업에 대한 인식과 직업적응에 미치는 효과와 장애인 직업준비도 요인간의 영향에 대해서 알아보았다. 본 연구에서는 WPP, VALPAR 17, 진로태도성숙도, 자기효능감 측정 도구를 사용하여 대구직업전문학교 입학생 16명을 대상으로 4-5개월 동안 직업훈련프로그램 적용 전과 적용 이후 직업인성, 대인관계 및 사회기술, 직업인식, 자기효능감을 측정하여 직업준비도의 변화정도를 파악하였다. 직업준비도에 미치는 효과를 알아보기 위해 실시한 연구를 통해 나타난 결과들은 다음과 같다. 첫째, 직업준비도 요인 변화에 있어서 직업에서 요구하는 일에 적응하는데 중요한 요인이 되는 직업인성은 직업훈련프로그램 적용 이후 향상되었고, 직업준비를 위한직업인성 형성에 효과가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 직업훈련프로그램 적용이 장애유형에 따른 직업준비도에 미치는 영향은 직업인성과 직업인식, 자기효능감에서 장애유형에 따라 효과의 차이가 발생하였다. 셋째, 직업준비도 요인간의 상관관계는 직업인성이 높으면 자기효능감도 높아지며, 또한 자기효능감이 높을수록 직업인식이 높아지는 것으로 나타났다. 넷째, 직업준비도 요인에 대한 독립변수들의 상대적 기여도를 알아보기 위해 실시한 회귀분석 결과에서 대상자들의 나이와 장애유형, 대인관계와 사회기술이 직업인성에 큰 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났으며, 대인관계 및 사회기술은 아니와 직업인성이 큰 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 결론적으로 직업생활 유지에 있어서 직업적응을 위한 작업준비도를 높이기 위해서는 직업인성을 향상시킬 수 있는 직업훈련프로그램이 필요하며, 이러한 직업인성을 향상시킬 수 있는 방법은 대인관계 및 사회기술 영역에 비중을 둘 수 있는 직업훈련프로그램이 필요하다. 그리고 직업훈련프로그램의 직업유지나 직업적응에 대한 효과성 조사와 훈련교사들에 대한 교육도 지속적으로 이루어져야 하며, 이러한 것들이 프로그램구성이나 교과과정 작성 시 반영하는 연구설계가 필요하다. It is essential for rehabilitating persons with disabilities, to develop employment skills. To maximize vocational potential and abilities of persons with disabilities, it is required for them to obtain work attitudes and skills. However, the work skills training alone may not be enough for persons with severe disabilities, requiring them t o have work preparation services. Therefore, this study was aimed to understand whether the vocational training program provided by Dae-Gu Metropolitan Training Institute for Persons with Disabilities had impact on the improvement of both work skills and job readiness skills for them. Data gathered included the following areas. The effect of the disabled's vocational behaviour. the personal relations, the social skills, the vocational consciousness and the job readiness areas. The WPP, VALPAR 17, Course Attitude Maturity, Self-Efficacy Feeling Measurement Tool were utilized for the data gathering purposes. For vocational Rehabilitation, first of all, it is essential for disabled trainees to develop and adapt through individualized service provisors. They are required to have enough appropriate attitudes and skills which basic to average workers. For the vocational training, a simple vocational skills training alone may not be enough. Therefore, this study was aims to figure out whether the vocational training program which have applied to the trainees in Dae-Gu Vocational Training Institute (DGVTI) was effective or not. This training program was composed of the work adaptation training and job readiness training. Initial study questions posed are as follows. Whether this training program had effect on the research participants' vocational behaviours, personal relationship skills, social skills, the vocational consciousness and the job readiness skills. The current researcher utilized the WPP, VALPAR 17, Course Attitude Maturity. Self-Efficacy Feeling Measurement Tool. They measure types of vocational personality. personal relations and social skills, vocational and self-efficacy feeling in comparison with before and after the application of training program. The 16 research participants had exposed to 4-5 months in Dae-Gu Vocational Training Institute(DGVTI), operated by Korea Employment Promotion Agency for the Disabled (KEPAD). Statistical analyses focused on the means, standard deviations, and frequencies. Futher analyses included t-tests, correlation Analyses, regression analyses. The results of this study can be summarized as follows. First, in the job readiness skills area, after training, vocational personality (which is the important factor adapting to assignment demanding occupation) is improved, and reveals that the formation of vocational personality for job readiness and, in the vocational recognition and self-efficacy feeling are positively changed. Second. job readiness skills had effect to improve research participants' vocational adaptation skills, vocational recognition and self-efficacy feeling. Third. "correlation between job readiness factors" appeared that if scores of the vocational personality is high, then the self-efficacy feeling also rises. When the self-efficacy scores are high, the vocational recognition rises. Fourth, the results of regression analyses indicated that the age and the types of disabilities of the research participants had influenced on the occupational personality. Also, research participants who showed good personal relation skills and social skills had good job readiness. It is conclusive that the method of improving occupational personality would influence on personal relations and social skills. In conclusion, it is necessary for the rehabilitation practitioners to provide skills and interpersonal skills with their clients and trainees. The implication of this study is that there is a strong need to improve quality of vocational training programs.

사회기술훈련이 결손가정 아동의 자아존중감, 자기표현 및 자기통제에 미치는 효과

신경년,천성문,이영순,주동범 한국직업교육학회 2010 職業 敎育 硏究 Vol.29 No.4

The purpose of this study was to verify the effects of the social skill training to children under broken families. To reach the goal, 20 children, third and forth elementary school students under broken families were randomly assigned for each 10 into an experimental group and a control group in the study process. The experimental group conducted the social skill training every 60 minutes for 10 times, while the control group did not take any training. To prove effects of developed program, both the experimental group and the control group tested for self-esteem, self-expression, and self-control before and after the program execution. The pretest scores of the experimental group as a covariance were done by analysis of covariance(ANCOVA) with SPSSWIN. The result of verification of the social skill training was as follows. First, children in the experimental group who had taken the social skill training showed higher self-esteem level than the control group. Second, children in the experimental group who has taken the social skill training showed higher self-expression level than the control group. Third, children in the experimental group who has taken social skill training showed higher self-control level than the control group. As a result of the study, the social skill training clarified that it has an effect on improvement in self-esteem, self-expression, and self-control of children. Through positive changes of the experimental group who has taken the social skill training, therefore, children under broken families will have positive self-concept in their own lives, and direct and openhearted self-expression. Besides, they will build a healthy relationship by changing unstable emotion. 본 연구는 결손가정 아동들을 대상으로 사회기술훈련을 실시하고 이 프로그램이 자아존중감, 자기표현 및 자기통제에 미치는 효과를 검증하고자 하였다. 본 연구에서는 부산광역시 B초등학교 3~4학년의 결손가정 아동 20명을 실험집단과 통제집단에 각각 10명씩 무선할당 한 후 10일간에 걸쳐 실험을 실시하였다. 실험집단은 매 회기 60분씩 총 10회기에 걸쳐 사회기술훈련 프로그램을 실시하였고, 통제집단은 이 기간 동안 아무 처치도 가하지 않았다. 실험집단과 통제집단을 대상으로 프로그램 실시 전과 실시 후에 자아존중감 검사, 자기표현 검사, 자기통제 검사를 실시하였다. 공변량분석(ANCOVA)을 실시한 결과 사회기술훈련에 참여한 실험집단의 피험자들은 프로그램에 참여하지 않은 통제집단의 피험자에 비해 자아존중감 수준, 자기표현 수준, 그리고 자기통제 수준이 유의미하게 증가하였다. 따라서 본 사회기술훈련은 결손가정 아동의 적극적인 자기표현과 문제해결력을 향상시킴으로써 실제 장면에서 또래 간 문제해결을 위한 효과성을 시사한다. 마지막으로 본 연구의 의의, 제한점 및 후속연구를 위한 시사점이 논의되었다.

정신보건 Setting에 있어서 사회기술 훈련방법의 모형

이영실 聖潔大學校 社會科學硏究所 1997 社會科學硏究 Vol.4 No.1

AbstractThese model for social skills training was based on the synthetic studies of the social adjustment of the discharged schizophrenics. The purpose of this article was to provide practical models for mental health social workers to use on sites.Chapter I presented the importance of social skills training as a part of the rehabilitation process and the overall objective of this study.In Chapter 2 and 3, a through review of relative literatures which played an essential role in this study was offered. Chapter 2 introduced definition, purpose, and effectiveness of social skill training. Chapter 3 dealt with four models of social skills training : typical training methods. problem-solving method. Module training method. cognitive-corrective training method.The conclusion of this article included the experted outcome, sub-goals, contents, intermedium and exection methods of the social skill training, and the role and task of mental health social workers, and the schizophrenics.The writer suggested to verify continuously the efficiency of these Models for a social skill training program.The writer suggested to verify continuously the efficiency of these Models for a social skill training program. She also shared other various opinions on social skills training programs for the discharged schizophrcnics.

사회인지 동영상을 활용한 사회성기술훈련이 정신분열병 환자의 대인관계기술에 미치는 효과

구효진,이봉건 한국임상심리학회 2011 Korean Journal of Clinical Psychology Vol.30 No.2

The purpose of this study was to examine whether social skills training using videos of social cognitions for schizophrenic in-patients would be more effective on social functioning and relationships than traditional social skills training group therapy. The social skills training group using videos of social cognitions consisted of ten participants, and the traditional behavioral social skills training group had 13. All subjects participated in a total of ten once-weekly sessions for ten weeks. The social skills training using videos of social cognitions program was a combination of traditional behavioral social skills training and training for enhancing social cognitions. The subjects’ behaviors were assessed during the pre- and post-programs in order to examine the effects of the social cognitions and the development of social skills. The scales used in this study included the Picture Arrangement of Korean-Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale and the Relationship Change Scale(RCS). The results were as follows. First, schizophrenics who had completed the program which used videos of social cognitions significantly improved with respect to Picture Arrangement of Korean-Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale. Second, they also improved with respect to total scores on the RCS and showed more improvement in the subscales of the RCS including satisfaction, communication, sensibility, openness, and consideration. Further, this group significantly improved with respect to performance in communication and sensibility on the RCS. Finally, the clinical implications and limitations of this study and direction of future research have been discussed.

정신분열병 환자의 사회기술에 대한 조망적 사회기술훈련과 행동적 사회기술훈련 비교

김귀남,전성숙,변은경 한국자료분석학회 2012 Journal of the Korean Data Analysis Society Vol.14 No.5

The purpose of this study was to test the effect of perspective social skill training on improvement of conversational skill, interpersonal relationship and assertive behavior of patients with schizophrenia compared with the that of behavioral social skill training. The data were collected from November 24, 2010 to January 27, 2011. There were 17 people in experimental group and 16 people in control group. Social skill training were conducted the experimental group and the control group during 10 weeks, once a week, 60 minutes for each session. The collected data were analyzed with t-test, chi-square test and Fisher's exact test using the SPSS WIN 18.0 program. Experimental group in perspective social skill training showed us a statistically significant differences as compared with before the participation in conversational skill (t=-3.456, p<.003) and interpersonal relationship (t=3.323, p=.004). On the other hand, assertive behavior of experimental group made no differences as compared with control group (t=-.598, p=.554). The findings from this study proves that perspective social skill training should be used in clinical practice as an effective nursing intervention for improvement of patients with schizophrenia social skill and interpersonal relationship. 본 연구는 낮병원에 등록된 정신분열병 환자를 대상으로 조망적 사회기술훈련이 정신분열병 환자의 대화기술, 대인관계 및 주장행동에 미치는 효과를 파악하고자 하였다. 자료수집은 2010년 11월 24일부터 2011년 1월 27일까지 B시에 소재하고 있는 Y 낮병원과 D 낮병원에 등록한 정신분열병 환자를 대상으로 최종 실험군 17명, 대조군 16명이 포함되었다. 자료분석은 SPSS WIN 18.0을 이용하여 빈도와 백분율, t-검정(t-test), 카이제곱검정(chi-square test), Fisher 정확검정(Fisher's exact test), 독립이표본 t-검정(independent two-sample t-test)으로 분석하였다. 조망적 사회기술훈련 실시 후 실험군은 대조군에 비해 대화기술(t=-3.456, p<.003)과 대인관계(t=3.323, p=.004)는 향상되었으나 주장행동은 유의한 차이를 나타내지 않았다. 조망적 사회기술훈련을 통해 습득된 대화기술, 대인관계가 실제생활에서 지속될 수 있도록 돕기 위한 재교육의 필요성을 확인하기 위한 종단적 연구를 실시하는 게 필요하다.

The Effects of Social Skills Training vs. Psychoeducation on Negative Attitudes of Mothers of Persons with Schizophrenia: A Pilot Study

Chulkwon Kim,Kim T. Mueser 대한신경정신의학회 2011 PSYCHIATRY INVESTIGATION Vol.8 No.2

Objective We compared the effects of two brief psychoeducation programs and social skills training on the negative attitudes of mothers with a son who has schizophrenia. Methods 15 mothers with strong negative feelings towards a sons with schizophrenia were assigned by convenience to participate in one of three brief (5 session) group programs at an outpatient clinic: lecture-based psychoeducation, video-based psychoeducation, or social skills training. Assessments using the Patient Rejection Scale were conducted with the mothers at post-treatment, and 3-, 6-, and 9-months later. Results Mothers in the three groups demonstrated significantly different patterns of changes in their negative attitudes following treatment. Whereas the mothers who received the two psychoeducation interventions showed reductions in rejecting attitudes immediately following the program, their scores gradually increased at the subsequent follow-up assessments. In contrast, the mothers in the social skills training group showed reductions in negative attitudes that were sustained across all of the follow-up assessments. Conclusion Brief social skills training may be more effective than psychoeducation in reducing negative attitudes of parents who have an offspring with schizophrenia. Objective We compared the effects of two brief psychoeducation programs and social skills training on the negative attitudes of mothers with a son who has schizophrenia. Methods 15 mothers with strong negative feelings towards a sons with schizophrenia were assigned by convenience to participate in one of three brief (5 session) group programs at an outpatient clinic: lecture-based psychoeducation, video-based psychoeducation, or social skills training. Assessments using the Patient Rejection Scale were conducted with the mothers at post-treatment, and 3-, 6-, and 9-months later. Results Mothers in the three groups demonstrated significantly different patterns of changes in their negative attitudes following treatment. Whereas the mothers who received the two psychoeducation interventions showed reductions in rejecting attitudes immediately following the program, their scores gradually increased at the subsequent follow-up assessments. In contrast, the mothers in the social skills training group showed reductions in negative attitudes that were sustained across all of the follow-up assessments. Conclusion Brief social skills training may be more effective than psychoeducation in reducing negative attitudes of parents who have an offspring with schizophrenia.

ADHD 초등학생을 위한 학교 중심 사회성기술 훈련 프로그램의 효과에 대한 연구

백명제(Myung-Jae Paek),안정광(Jung-Kwang Ahn),임소연(So-Yun Lim),김양렬(Yang-Ryul Kim),박민현(Min-Hyeon Park),김붕년(Boong-Nyun Kim),조수철(Soo-Churl Cho),신민섭(Min-Sup Shin),김재원(Jae-Won Kim),김효원(Hyo-Won Kim) 대한소아청소년정신의학회 2009 소아청소년정신의학 Vol.20 No.2

Objectives: Children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder(ADHD) often have difficulties in social behavior. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a short-term training program for improving social skills, self-perception and attention deficits. Methods: The subjects were nine children diagnosed with ADHD with(or without) other mental disorders using the Diagnostic Interview Schedule for Children(DISC-ADHD) module. Children were given eight sessions of a social skills training program. Parents of children simultaneously participated in their own training which was designed to support their childrens generalization of skills. Assessments included child, parent and teacher ratings of social skills, self-perception and attention deficit at baseline and post-treatment. Results: Social skills training led to significant improvements in child-reported measures of self-esteem, in teacher reported measures of social skills, and in parent-reported measures of attention deficit. Conclusion: This study suggests that short-term social skills training programs for children with ADHD may improve their social skills, self-perception and attention deficits.

사회성 결함이 있는 소아정신과 장애 아동을 위한 사회 기술 훈련 프로그램의 효과

온싱글,신민섭 한국인지행동치료학회 2007 인지행동치료 Vol.7 No.2

사회성 결함을 호소하는 6-11세 아동들을 대상으로 사회기술훈련 프로그램을 실시하고 치료 효과를 알아보았다. 31명의 아동은 사회성 결함을 주호소로 대학병원 소아정신과에 내원하였고 주로 주의력 결핍 과잉 행동 장애(ADHD)와 아스퍼거 장애(Asperger's disorder) 진단을 받은 아동들로 소아정신과 외래에서 일주일에 한번씩 사회기술훈련 프로그램을 받았다. 프로그램은 12회로 이루어졌고 회기당 90분이 소요되었다. 사회기술훈련 프로그램은 감정 인식하기, 친구들과 관계 맺기, 대화 기법, 부정적인 결과 받아들이고 분노 통제하기, 문제 해결하기 등으로 구성되었다. 아동의 사회기술의 평가는 치료전후에 아동, 부모, 교사 및 치료자가 질문지에 보고하는 형식으로 이루어졌다. 아동, 부모, 교사는 사회 기술 훈련 프로그램 후에 아동의 사회기술이 더 향상된 경향이 있다고 보고하였으나, 통계적으로 유의미하지는 않았다. 반면, 치료자 평가에서는 통계적으로 유의미한 향상이 있는 것으로 나타났다. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of social skill training program for psychiatric children with social skill deficit aged 6 to 12 years. Thirty-one children participated in the cognitive-behavioral social skill training program once a week at the outpatient division of child-adolescent psychiatry, children's hospital. Social skill training was composed of 12- ninety minutes sessions. Most of children were diagnosed with ADHD or Asperger's disorder. The contents of social skill training program(SST) included differentiating and perceiving various emotion, making friends, conversation skills, accepting negative outcome in activities with peer group, anger control, and problem solving skill. Children, their mothers and school teachers, and therapist rated self-report instrument for evaluating the treatment effect before and after social skill training. Children, their mothers and school teachers reported improvement of children's social skills after completing social skill training, which did not reach statistical significant level. On the contrary, therapists reported significant improvements of social skills in children after the SST.

로봇을 활용한 초등학생용 사회성 기술 훈련 ‘사또(사이좋은 또래)’ 콘텐츠 개발

임보령,백예은,박지연 한국콘텐츠학회 2022 한국콘텐츠학회논문지 Vol.22 No.8

The purpose of this study is to plan and develop contents for training social skills using robots for elementary school students. Seven functions (guiding activity, providing reinforcement, guiding students behavior, team setting, presenting team order, timer setting, and checking scores) were developed by analyzing functions that robots can take charge of in the training contents. A total of 8 sessions of social skills training contents were developed by selecting social skills required for academic achievement and social interaction of elementary school students. The lesson consisted of providing positive and negative examples, modeling, role-playing, providing feedback on performance, and encouraging generalization stages using effective strategies for acquiring social skills. After developing social skills training contents using robots for elementary school students, so-called Friendly Friends (FF), a satisfaction survey was conducted on the field application of contents and participating students and teachers to examine the acceptance pattern. As a result, it was found that the participating students and teachers were satisfied with the contents. Finally, the meaning and the expected effects of the 'FF (Friendly Friends)' contents were discussed, and also, the matters to be considered when developing social skills training contents using robots in the future were suggested. 본 연구에서는 로봇을 활용한 초등학생용 사회성 기술 훈련 콘텐츠를 기획하고 개발하였다. 훈련 콘텐츠 내에 로봇이 담당할 수 있는 기능을 분석하여 7가지 기능(활동 안내, 강화 제공, 행동지도, 팀 설정, 팀 순서 안내, 타이머 설정, 점수 확인)을 선정한 후, 초등학교 학령기 학생들의 학업성취 및 사회적 상호작용에 요구되는 사회성 기술을 바탕으로 총 8회기의 사회성 기술 훈련 콘텐츠를 개발하였다. 콘텐츠 현장적용을 위한 수업은 사회성 기술 훈련을 위한 증거기반 전략을 활용하여 긍정적 예시 및 부정적 예시 제공, 모델링, 역할극, 수행 피드백, 일반화 단계로 구성하였다. 초등학생을 위한 로봇활용 사회성 기술 훈련 콘텐츠, 즉 ‘사또(사이좋은 또래)’ 콘텐츠를 개발한 후, 수용 양상을 살펴보기 위해 콘텐츠 현장적용 및 참여학생과 현장교사를 대상으로 만족도 조사를 실시한 결과, 참여학생과 현장교사의 만족도가 높은 것으로 나타났다. 마지막으로 ‘사또’ 콘텐츠 개발의 의미와 기대효과에 대해 논의하고, 향후 로봇활용 사회성 기술 훈련 콘텐츠를 개발할 때 고려해야 할 사항을 제언하였다.

사회적 기술훈련중심의 분노조절 프로그램이 남자 대학생의 분노수준과 분노조절능력 및 대인관계기술에 미치는 효과

서현숙,백용매 한국재활심리학회 2010 재활심리연구 Vol.17 No.1

The purpose of this study is to examine how the anger control program based on social skill training affects the anger level, anger control ability and interpersonal relationships of university male students. 20 students were selected within the group whose scores of the anger level test were the top 25% and the scores of interpersonal relationships skill test were the bottom 50%. These 20 students were divided into an experimental group and a control group randomly (10 students per each group), and the experimental group performed the anger control program based on social skill training for 10 sessions(90 minutes per session). The results of this study were as follow; the anger control program based on social skill training has positive effects on decreasing anger level and improving the anger control ability of male university students. Also, this program composed of communication skill, assertive behavior, active listening, and empathic behavior improved their interpersonal relationship abilities. These results suggested that anger related problems can be caused by poor social skills, and these problems can be solved from the anger control program based on social skill training.