고령자 급성 췌장염의 임상적 고찰

이진헌,강진경,박인서,송건훈,정재복,백용한,송시영,서정훈 대한소화기학회 1998 대한소화기학회지 Vol.32 No.3

Background/Aims: Inflammatory diseasas of the pancreas are not uncommon. The advanced age is one of the significant factors in assessing the severity of acute pancreatitis. It has been shown that the biliary tract disease is a more frequent cause of acute pancreatitis in the elderly than in the young. With the increased life span, the elderly are comprising a large proportion of the population. As a result, physicians are more often being faced with acute pancreatitis in the elderly. The purpose af this study was to evaluate clinical features of acute panereatitis in the elderly. Methods: A total of 188 patients with acute pancreatitis were reviewed. We investigated the differences of clinical characteristics between the elderly patients aged over 60 and the young patients aged under 60. Results: The sex distribution showed male preponderance in the young patients (M:F=2.4:1), but was nearly equal in the elderly patients (M:F=1.1:1). The most common cause of acute pancreatitis in the elderly was biliary tract disease (52.5%), while alcohol abuse was the most common cause in the young patients (38.8%), Local complications of acute pancreatitis, such as psuedocyst, necrosis, abscesses were not differently shown between the elderly (16.9%) and the young (20.2%) patients. Systemic complications including acute puhnonary failure occurred more frequently in the elderly patients than the young patients. The mortality rate of the elderly patients (5.1%) was not significantly different from that of the young patients (3.1%). Conclusions: To detect correctable underlying bihary tract diseases the elderly patients with acute pancreatitis should be completely investigated using endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP). In addition, the patient should be closely monitored for the development of the systemic complications during the disease process.

고령자 급성 췌장염의 임상적 고찰

백용한,서정훈,송건훈,이진헌,송시영,정재복,강진경,박인서,이수진 大韓消化器病學會 1998 大韓消化器病學會誌 Vol.32 No.3

남자 알코올 의존 환자의 기질적 특성에 관한 연구

김성곤,민영기,이덕기,김미영,송영상,권도훈,고영훈,박제민,정병선 대한생물치료정신의학회 2003 생물치료정신의학 Vol.9 No.1

목 적: 본 연구의 목적은 한국인 남자 알코올 의존 환자의 기질적 특성을 Temperament and Character Inventory(TCI)를 이용하여 조사하는 것이다. 방 법: DSM-Ⅳ 진단 기준에 맞는 알코올 의존 환자 30명과 정상인 36명을 대상으로 연구학적 특성을 조사하고, 기질적 특성을 한글판 TCI를 이용하여 조사하였다. 모든 대상자의 나이는 30~60세였다. 결 과: 1) 두 군간 평균 나이는 유의한 차이가 없었으나, 교육 정도와 결혼을 유지하고 있는 비율 및 취업률은 알코올 의존군이 정상 대조군에 비해 유의하게 낮았다. 2) 알코올 의존군에서는 정상 대조군에 비해 Harm Avoidance(HA) 점수와 Self-transcendence(ST)점수는 유의하게 높았으며, Self-directiveness(SD)점수는 유의하게 낮았다. 3) 알코올 의존군 내에서의 각 척도들 간의 상관관계는, HA와 SD 점수, HA와 Persistence(PE) 점수, ST와 SD 점수는 각각 유의한 음의 상관관계, ST와 PE 점수, SD 점수와 Cooperativeness(CO) 점수, Reward Dependence(RD)와 CO 점수는 양의 상관관계를 보였다. 결 론: 이러한 본 연구의 결과는 한국인 남성에서 수줍음을 잘 타며, 걱정도 많고, 염세적이고 쉽게 피로해지는 기질적 특성이 알코올 의존과 연관성이 있음을 의미한다. Objectives : The purpose of this study was to assess the temperament of male parients with alcohol dependence. Methods : The subjects were 30 patients who met DSM-Ⅳ criteria for alcohol dependence and 36 normal controls. All subjects completed Temperament and Character Inventory(TCI) which was developed by Cloninger. Results : 1) The educational level, marital status, and occupation in alcohol dependence group were significantly lower than those of normal control group, but there was no difference in the age between two groups. 2) Among the scores of TCI, the score of harm avoidance(HA) and self-transcendence(ST) were significantly higher in the alcohol dependence group than in the normal control group. 3) In the alcohol dependence group, a significant negative correlation among the scores of TCI was between HA and SD, HA and Persistence(PE), ST and SD, and positive correlation between ST and PE, SD and Cooperativeness(CO), Reward Dependence(RD) and CO. Conclusion : These results suggest that shy, fearful, pessimistic and fatigable temperament are related to developing alcohol dependence in Korean males.

Barium-Ferrite에서의 첨가제의 영향

송종훈,오영우 경남대학교 신소재연구소 1992 論文集 Vol.2 No.-

고보자력(high coercivity)의 Ba-ferrite를 합성하기 위하여, 초기 원료의 혼합과정에서 첨가제인 P₂O_{5}, Na₂O등을 첨가하여 이들의 자기특성에 미치는 영향을 확인하였다. SEM분석 결과 첨가제는 Ba-ferrite의 입자성장을 억제시키고, 밀도를 증가시킨 잔류자속밀도 및 보자력의 값을 동시에 증가시키는 효과를 가져왔다. In order to obtain the high-coercive ferrite, P₂O_{5}, Na₂O and K₂O were added in Ba-ferrite. For the liquid coats each grain, the materials may often be sintered to a higher density a t a low temperature with less of a tendency for exaggerated grain growth and improve the magnetic properties. The effects of additives on Ba-ferrite prepared by dry method were investigated. The experimental results are as follow. 1) Additives impeded grain growth when sintering, and thickness(t) increased with a decrease the D/t value. 2) Coercive force and remanence of Ba-ferrite were improved by the addition of P₂O_{5}-K₂O and P₂O_{5}-Na₂O.

뮤코다당증(Mucopolysaccharidosis)환아의 치은 증식

송주현,장철호,김영재,한세현,이상훈 대한소아치과학회 2007 大韓小兒齒科學會誌 Vol.34 No.1

뮤코다당증(Mucopolysaccharidosis, MPS)은 gIycosaminoglycans (GAGs)의 분해에 필요한 라이소좀 효소(lysomal enzymes)의 결함으로 GAGs의 대사 산물이 세포의 라이소좀내에 축적되어 점차 세포와 조직, 기관의 기능 이상을 초래하고 신체 질환과 정신 발달 지연을 가져오는 질환이다. 본 증례는 심각한 치은 증식을 가진 뮤코다낭증 환아를 전신 마취 하에 치은 절제술을 시행한 치험례이다. 소아치과 의사는 뮤코다당증 환아의 구강내 증상과 치과 치료시 주의 사항에 대해 숙지해야 하고, 내과의와 연계하여 환아의 전신 상태 변화에 민감하게 대처하여 치과 치료를 시행해야 한다. Mucopolysaccharidosis (MPS) is a disorder of storage in which there is excessive accumulation of glycosaminoglycans(GAGs) from lysosomal enzyme defect. Lysosomal accumulation of GAGs eventually results in cell, tissue and organ dysfunction. This patient may manifest mental retardation and physical disorders. This clinical report presents a girl with MPS having severe gingival hyperplasia. Gingivectomy was performed under general anesthesia. The pediatric dentist must be aware of oral manifestations present in the MPS. The approach to dental management will require teamwork between the dentist and the patient' s physician.

울타리 고둥, Monodonta labio의 생식주기

송영보,이치훈,나오수,이영돈 濟州大學校 海洋硏究所 2002 해양과환경연구소 연구논문집 Vol.26 No.-

1995년 9월부터 1996년 8월까지 제주대학교 해양과 환경연구소가 위치한 함덕연안 조간대에서 채집한 울타리고둥, M. labio의 생식주기를 조사하기 위하여 생식소숙도지수의 변화와 생식세포 형성과정을 조직학적방법으로 조사하였다. 1. 울타리고둥의 생식소는 패각내 나선상 육질부 하단에서 꼬리돌기까지 간장부의 표면에 위치 하였다. 생식소가 성숙하면 암컷은 짙은 녹색, 수컷은 유백색을 띠고, 방출 후에는 암컷은 연갈색, 수컷은 연황색을 나타내었다. 2. 생식소숙도지수(GSI)는 암컷과 수컷 모두 수온이 상승하는 4월부터 상승하기 시작하여 9월에 암컷 0.47, 수컷 0.42로 최고치를 보이고 이후 10월부터 급격히 감소하였다. 저수온기인 1월에 GSI는 암컷과 수컷 모두 0.07로 최저치를 보였다. 3. 생식소의 발달 단계는 분열증식기(3월∼4월), 성장기(4월∼7월), 성숙기(8월∼9월) 그리고 방출 및 회복기(10월∼1월)의 연속적인 주기로 구분 할 수 있고, 주산란 시기는 10월로 추정 된다. 4. 울타리고둥, M. labio은 자웅이체로서, 성비는 약 1:1이었다(P>0.05). Reproductive cycle of thick liped monodont. Mondonta labio was invetigated by the histological observation of gonads and the gonadosomatic index(GSI). The thick liped monodont were collected at the intertidal zone of Hamdeok in Jeju-do from September, 1995 to August, 1996. Gonad of them was located o the surface of the liver below the stomachal caecum posterior spiral meat part of the shell. GSI value began to increase from May(as water temperature increased) and reached it's maximum value in September both male and female which were 0.42 and 0.47, respectively. It began to decrease from October thereafter, maintaining relatively in low value from January to March. The reproductive cycle of this species could be classified into four successive developmental stage; multiplication stage(March to April), growing stage(April to July), mature stage(August to september), spent and recovery stage(October to January). The main spawning period of M. labio appeared in October. The top shell, M. labio appeared to be gonochorism, neither sex reversal nor hermaphroditism. The sex ratio was approximately 1.0 : 1.0(P>0.05).

QLF를 이용한 항우식 제품의 인공우식 재광화 효과에 대한 연구

송주현,김영재,김정욱,장기택,김종철,한세현,이상훈 大韓小兒齒科學會 2008 大韓小兒齒科學會誌 Vol.35 No.2

본 연구는 항우식 제품인 저농도의 불소 양치액(500 ppm NaF)과 Casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate(CPP-ACP)를 포함하는 치아 연고,그리고 이 두 제품을 같이 사용했을 경우,인공 우식 병소의 재광화 효과를 알아보고자 하였다. 제3대구치 협면에 인공우식을 유발하였고,시편을 16개씩 4군으로 나누어,28일 동안 매일 2회 다음과 같은 항우식 제품을 시편에 처리하였고,pH 순환 시스템을 적용하였다. 1군: 대조군(무처치) 2군: Tooth Mousse^(ⓡ) (GC Co. Japan) 3군: 치카치카^(ⓡ)(삼일제약. 한국) 4군: 치카치카^(ⓡ)+ Tooth Mousse^(ⓡ) 무기질 소실량(ΔQ)의 장기적인 변화를 Quantitative light-induced fluorescence (QLF)를 이용하여 관찰하여 다음과 같은결과를 얻었다. 1. ΔQ는 1군에서는 28일동안 유의성 있는 차이를 보이지 않았고,2군과 3군에서는 처치전에 비해 14일부터 유의성 있는 증가를 보였으며,4군에서는 7일부터 유의성 있는 증가를 보였다. 2. ΔQ는 1군 < 2군,3군 < 4군 순이었다. 3. ΔQ는 1군과 비교시 2군은 7일,3군과 4군은 3일부터 유의성 있는 증가를 보였고,2군은 3군과 전 기간 동안 유의차가 없었다. 4군은 2군과 3군에 비해 28일에 유의성 있는 증가를 보였다. 4. 모든 군에서 재광화 속도는 점차 감소하였다. The purpose of this in vitro study was to compare the remineralization effect of commercially available anticariogenic products, exactly low level fluoride mouthrinse(500 ppm NaF), tooth cream with Casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP-ACP) and fluoride mouthhnse plus tooth cream on artificial caries lesion. Artificial caries lesion was induced at the buccal surface of permanent third molar and the specimens were then divided (16 specimens/group) into four group. Twice a day during 28 days specimens of each group were treated with a commercially anticari.ogen.ic product as follows and applied to the pH cycling system. Group 1: control group (No treatment) Group 2: Tooth Mousse^(ⓡ) (GC Co. Japan) Group 3: chikachika^(ⓡ) (Samil Co. Korea) Group 4: chikachika^(ⓡ) + Tooth Mousse^(ⓡ) The long-term change of mineral loss(ΔQ) was evaluated by quantitative 1ight-induced fluorescence(QLF) and the following results were obtained: 1. ΔQ of Group 1 was not noticed statistically significant during 28 days comparing that prior to treatment. There was a statistically significant increase in ΔQ of Group 2 and 3 since 14 days. So was in ΔQ of Group 4 since 7 days. 2. ΔQ was increased as follows: Group 1< Group 2, 3< Group 4. 3. Comparing with Group 1, Group 2 was a statistically significant increase since 7 days and Group 3 and 4 were since 3 days. Comparing Group 2 with 3, there was not noticed statistically significant during whole duration. Group 4 was significantly higher than Group 2 and 3 after 28 days. 4. All groups demonstrated a decrease in the rate of remineraUzation as time goes on.

전반적발달장애 아동 및 발달성언어장애 아동의 뇌 단일광자방출전산화단층촬영 소견에 대한 예비연구

이호분,신의진,육기환,유영훈,노경선,송동호 대한소아ㆍ청소년정신의학회 1997 소아청소년정신의학 Vol.8 No.2

전자화폐의 확산에 따른 주요 쟁점에 관한 一考

송경석,김영훈 한국통상정보학회 2003 통상정보연구 Vol.5 No.2

The main issues addressed in this paper are as follows : First, this paper makes a distinction among types of e-money, IC card type versus Network type, open-loop type versus closed-loop type, online type versus offline type and accountable type versus unaccountable type, and analysis the clear and accurate criterion. Second, generally speaking, e-money is a claim on originator of e-money and not legal tender, so, delivery of e-money by itself does not relieve of monetary obligation. Because it is not easy to define e-money, by now there are many definitions of e-money. there is a legal uncertainty accordingly and then it is not easy to find proper law applicable to resolve a particular issue. As a result, many problems relating to e-money would be solved through analogical application of the most proper law among the laws that apply to the cash, checks, credit card, or fund transfer after analyzing type of e-money at issue. This paper studies the methods on diffusion of the utilization of electronic money. To diffuse the usage of electronic money, it needs prerequisitely as a basic conditions independence of electronic money, non-reusability, and anonymity. And also as a additional conditions it needs usability in the offline commerce, transferability, divisibility. And now electronic money is used very actively, but still has many law problems such as protections of consumer, law enforcement, supervisory, etc. So electronic money has called as money, but it is sure that electronic money is not a legal tender. So to facilitate the economic function of the electronic monet it is need to supplement the electronic money in the legal sides.

탄산음료 유발 법랑질 침식에 대한 항우식 제품의 예방 효과

송주현,김영재,김정욱,장기택,김종철,한세현,이상훈 大韓小兒齒科學會 2010 大韓小兒齒科學會誌 Vol.37 No.1

본 연구는 항우식 제품인 Casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate(CPP-ACP)를 포함하는 치아크림, 불소 바니쉬, 저농도 불소 양치액을 치아에 도포하는 것이 단시간 탄산음료에 의한 법랑질의 침식을 예방할 수 있는지 살펴보기 위해 계획되었다. 법랑질 시편에 다음과 같은 항우식 제품을 도포하였고, 인공타액에 24시간 보관한 후, 콜라에 1분 증류수에 1분씩 5회 번갈아 처리하였다. 1군: 대조군(무처치) 2군: CPP-ACP 치아크림군 3군: 불소 바니쉬군(1,000 ppm F) 4군: 저농도 불소 양치액군(227 ppm F) 5군: 불소 바니쉬 + CPP-ACP 치아크림군 6군: 저농도 불소 양치액 + CPP-ACP 치아크림군 미세경도와 침식깊이를 측정하였고, Quantitative light-induced fluorescence(QLF)를 이용하여 안정된 형광 격자에 대한 부피 형광 변화인 ΔQ를 측정하여 무기질 감소량을 평가하였다. 6일 동안 실험을 반복하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. 미세경도는 1군≤2군≤4군<6군<3군≒5군 순이었다. 2. 평균 침식깊이는 5군≒3군<6군<4군≒2군≒1군 순이었다. 3. ΔQ는 1군≒2군≤4군≤6군≤3군≒5군 순이었다. ΔQ의 감소율은 1군과 2군, 4군과 6군, 3군과 5군이 각각 유사하였다. 4. ΔQ는 미세경도와 강한 양의 상관관계를 나타냈고(r=0.96, p<0.05), 침식깊이와는 강한 음의 상관관계를 보였다(r=-0.96, p<0.05). The aim of this study was to evaluate the preventive effect of commercially available anticariogenic products, specifically, the tooth cream containing Casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate(CPP-ACP), fluoride varnish and low-level fluoride mouthrinse on enamel erosion induced by carbonated beverage in a short period of time. Enamel specimens were treated as follows and were then kept in artificial saliva for 24 hours followed by further processing by alternately soaking them in Cola beverage and in distilled water for 1 minute each five times. Group 1: control group (no treatment) Group 2: tooth cream with CPP-ACP Group 3: fluoride varnish (1,000 ppm F) Group 4: low-level fluoride mouthrinse (227 ppm F) Group 5: fluoride varnish + tooth cream with CPP-ACP Group 6: low-level fluoride mouthrinse + tooth cream with CPP-ACP Microhardness and erosion depth were measured and the mineral loss of each specimen was evaluated by measuring the volumetric fluorescence change(ΔQ) against the stable fluorescent grid using quantitative lightinduced fluorescence(QLF). The experiment lasted for 6 days repeated each day. The results were as follows: 1. The microhardness was increased as follows: Group 1≤2≤4<6<3≒5. 2. The mean erosion depth was increased as follows: Group 5≒3<6<4≒2≒1. 3. The ΔQ was increased as follows: Group 1≒2≤4≤6≤3≒5. The decrement of ΔQ was similar between group 1 and 2, group 4 and 6 and group 3 and 5. 4. The ΔQ showed positive correlation with microhardness (r=0.96, p<0.05), while it was negatively correlated to erosion depth (r=-0.96, p<0.05).