대학생의 노인복지에 대한 인식도

차병준,김무룡,김기열,차경미,김귀희,김현실,서인선,임상규,이순자,위광복,남철현 慶山大學校 保健福祉硏究所 1999 保健福祉硏究 Vol.2 No.-

The purpose of this study is to grasp the change of consciousness of young people in order to seek new approach of policy for aged era. 1,200 students attending collages and universities in three small or medium sized cities were inquired for 2 months, from October 1 to November 30, 1996. The result is as follows. 1. The characteristic of the respondents of this survey is that they include 72.1% of women, 40.4% of people aged between 20 to 21, and 49.1% of people who do not have any religion. Those who are from big cities and those who are form farming villages or fishing village occupy equally 40.2%, those who reside in that cities for a long period 49.0%, and those who live with their family 60.9%. 2. The family feature of the subject is that 31.5% of them are those whose father is the age of 55 and more than 55, 10% of them are those whose mothers age is so, 33.1% of them have 5 family members, 29.5% of them have the family income of 1,000,000 to 1,490,000 won, 83.9% of them are from middle class, 47.7% of them are the people whose grand parents have passed away, 70.4% of them live apart from their grand parents, and 60.9% of them are second child. 3. 64.0% of males, 70% of respondents who are aged over 24, 58.1% of respondents who are from rural communities, 62.4% of respondents who live in rural area, and 58.3% of respondents who live alone, prefer to live with grand parents, marked higher rate than other groups. The groups whose father and mother are the age of more than 55 marked higher rate of 55.9% and 58% each than any other groups(p<0.05). The groups whose family member is less than three, whose grand parents both have passed away in middle class, who live with their grand parents, and who are second children, give more positive answers than any other groups. 4. Those who are older, who are buddhists, who are from rural area or live in rural area, whose family is small, whose family income is small, who are from lower class and whose grand parents are still alive, shows preference to support their parents after marriage. 5. Females(89.4%), those who are from small or medium sized cities(89%), who live with their family(85.6%), whose father is the age of 55 and more than 55, whose mother is the age of 54 and less than 54, whose family member is 6, who are from middle class, whose grandparents are still alive and who are the eldest child in their family, give more response that they prefer to live apart from their children in their old age than any other groups. 6. What elderly people need most right now is past time(42.3%), and the respondents whose age is 20 to 21, who are buddhists, who are from middle sized cities and live alone, whose parents are the age of more than 55, who have small family income, who live with their grand parents and who are second children show higher level than any other groups. 7. 76.8% of respondents answer that they do not need their parent's fortune, marked still higher rate than the opposite answer. Those who are older, who are buddhists, who are from big cities, who reside in rural area, who live alone and have smaller family, who are in bad family economic conditions and who live with grand parents present higher rate of positive response. 8. 59.3% of respondents reply that they think about death from time to time, and those who are female, who are in the age of 20 to 21, who are christian, who live with their family, whose siblings or other family members offer their education expenses show higher rate than any other groups. 9. 92.3% of respondents answer that the budget for welfare facility for elderly people is very small. The younger the respondents are and the worse economic condition they have among those who live in big cities, the more answered that. 10. 50% of respondents think social security should provide for their old age, and 42.8% of them believe they themselves provide against it. The respondence that social security ought provide for it appeared more among those whose age are over 24, who are female, who reside in rural area, who are christian, who are in bad economic condition, and who ever used medical institutions in recent one month, marked higher level than other groups. 11. The adequate time of retirement is 59.97±5.60 for public officers, the highest and 59.28±6.35 for teachers, the next. 12. 35.2% of respondents reply that the adequate budget for the old age after their retirement at the age of 60 is 220 million won, showed the highest level of respondence. 13. The factors which affect on the old people in the charged welfare facilities are sex(p<0.01), the type of housing(p<0.05) and whole family income(p<0.05). 14. The factors which affect on remarriage are sex(p<0.05) and religion(p<0.05). For varying old population and expanded welfare service for them, government and relevant authority should give more attention to secure the budget, establish effective plans to expand various program and the facilities for elderly people in order that elderly people spend the rest of life time more happily and more fruitfully. To do that, each college and university should open Health courses, and educate and inform about health and welfare.

마늘이 白鼠의 水銀中毒에 미치는 影響에 關한 硏究

朴在純,車喆煥 고려대학교 의과대학 1984 고려대 의대 잡지 Vol.21 No.3

The garlic which is consumed as a daily spice in Korea contains abundant amounts of thiol compounds such as SH and S-S radicals. These compounds have been though to be involved in the detoxification mechanism of heavy metal poison by the formation of thiochelate compounds when reacting with heavy metals in living body. As part of an examination of this hypothesis, the effect of garlic on the detoxification mechanism of alkyl mercury poisoning in rats was studied. The experimental rats were fed 6ppm of phenyl mercury in potable water in addition to 3 different concentrations of garlic in pellets (1.70%, 3.35%, and 6.70%) which was compared with the control(no mercury and garlic) and the "garlic only" fed group (no mercury). After rearing for 12 weeks with the above prescription, alkaline phosphatase activities in the blood and the accumulation of total mercury in the tissues of target of the brain, liver and kidney were measured. To derive objective clues, additionally, histopathological changes in the tissues of the above organs were observed histologically. As the result, it was found that components of garlic have some roles in detoxificating phenyl mercury poisoning such as decreasing alkaline phosphatase activity, increasing concentration of mercury in target organs, and inducing pathological damages to the organs.

大氣汚染이 國民學校 兒童의 肺機能에 미치는 影響에 關한 調査

李在東,車喆煥,金順德 최신의학사 1982 最新醫學 Vol.25 No.8

군 훈련병의 스트레스, 성인 주의력결핍 과잉행동장애 증상과 자살사고의 연관성에 관한 연구

이동윤,이철순,박철수,손진욱,김봉조,차보석,이소진 대한생물치료정신의학회 2011 생물치료정신의학 Vol.17 No.2

Objectives:This study is conducted to investigate the effect of Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorder(ADHD) symptoms on stress and suicide idea among 224 conscripts. Methods:Total number of subject is 224 conscripts. We evaluate symptoms of adult ADHD with Korean-Wender Utah rating scale(K-WURS) and Korean adult attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder scale(K-AADHDS), stress with Brief Encounter Psychosocial Instrument-K(BEPSI-K), suicide idea with Scale for suicide ideation(SSI) after basic military training. Multivariate logistic analysis with backward stepwise selection is performed to evaluate risk factors of stress. Multiple linear regression analysis with stepwise selection is performed to evaluate association of suicide idea with adult ADHD symptoms. Results:Stress is significantly associated with K-WURS score, K-AADHDS score and SSI score(p<0.01, p<0.05, p<0.01). K-WURS score are significant risk factor of stress after basic military training(p<0.05, O.R : 1.034, 95% CI : 1.005-1.065). And K-WURS score influence suicide idea after basic military training(p<0.05, β : 0.031). Conclusion:The result suggests that K-WURS score might be a risk factor of stress and could affect suicide idea.

산업근로자의 식생활 의식행태 조사

김무룡,황연자,차경미,이순자,위광복,남철현,김기열,김홍길 慶山大學校 保健福祉硏究所 1997 保健福祉硏究 Vol.1 No.-

This study was carried out to grasp the awareness and habits of food intake and use the information for health education program in order to help healthy dietary life. The survey was done in cooperation with health manager in industries on 1,200 workers who was selected randomly from 5 types of industries from Sep. 2 to Oct. 31, 1995. The results are summarized as follows: 1) The percentage of subjects who assess themselves "Healthy" was more higher in female, in 20∼29 age group, in single, in daytime workers, in college graduate than other groups respectively. 2) As for the degree of health education satisfaction, 35.5% of the subjects answered "dissatisfaction" 3) As for the exercise, 52.7% exercised for their health and the rate of exercise was more higher in male, in 30 years age group, in single than other groups respectively. 4) The rate of smoking was 57.6% and the rate of drinking alcohol was 47.3%. 5) 92.8% of the subjects got stress everyday and the rate is more higher in female, in less than 19 years old, in single, in longer working duration, in lower income, in high school graduates, in workers of product field line than other groups respectively. 6) As for drinking times of coffee or soft drink, two times per day was 29.5%, more three times per day was 28.0%. As for the eating speed of meal, 46.0% of the subjects answered "fast" and the rate was more higher in male, in 30 years age group, in married group, than other groups respectively. 7) With regard to the level of preference to instant food, 23.1% preferred to take instant food. As for the level of preference to hot and salty food, 28.1% preferred to have hot and salty food. 8) The score of eating behavior was 3.38±32 point to 6 point full marks. 9) With regard to the correlation among related variables, the variables of gender, marital status and working duration had positive relation with the variables of regular meal intake, the preference to food intake between regular meals.

한국인 본태성 고혈압환자에서 Angiotensinogen M235T 유전자 다양성

양동호(Dong Ho Yang),홍세용(Sea Yong Hong),김홍수(Hong Soo Kim),방차옥(Cha Ok Bang),김철현(Chul Hyun Kim),최종순(Jong Soon Choi),하권수(Kwun Soo Ha) 대한신장학회 2000 Kidney Research and Clinical Practice Vol.19 No.3

N/A Background: Potential involvement of the angio-tensinogen gene(M235T) in the pathogenesis of essen-tial hypertension has been suggested by some inves- tigators. However, an association between M235T gene polymorphism and essential hypertension has been reported by some, but not by others. Since genetic diversity exists among different ethnic population, we addressed the question of whether there is an association between M235T gene poly-morphism and essential hypertension in the Korean. Methods: 100 patients with essential hypertension and 100 control subjects were recruited from out- patients at the Department of Internal Medicine, Soon-chunhyang Hospital, Chunan City. The criteria for hypertension was defined as systolic blood pressure higher than 160mmHg and/or diastolic blood pressure higher than 95mmHg. For detection of the M235T polymorphism at the angiotensinogen locus, the primer sequences were: sense primer : 5'-TGAAGGAG- AAGGTGTCTGCGGGA-3' and antisense primer : 5'- AGGACGGTGCGGTGAGAGTG-3'. The PCR product mixture was exposed to restriction enzyme Tthlll I and then submitted to electrophoresis in polyacryl-amide gel. Differences between the molecular variants of the gene in hypertensives and normotensives were com- pared by using the X²test. p<0.05 was considered statistically significant. The odds ratio and 95% confidence interval were calculated using Woolf's method. Results: Compared with the control subjects, hypertensives had higher values of three established risk factors for hypertension : age, BMI cholesterol (total and LDL). X analysis showed no difference in the distribution of genotype or allele frequency between the hypertensives and normotensives(X²=1.14, p=0.29). The crude odds ratio was 0.73 for CC over CT(95% confidence interval 0.41-1.30). The adjusted odds ratio with age, sex, lipid profilcs and BMI was 0.68 for CC over CT(9596 confidence interval 037-1,23). Conclusion : The molecular varient M235T of the angiotensinogen gene is not associated with essential hypertension in Korean population.

An Analysis of Deliberately Deposited Artifacts (T’oejang yumul) Discovered in Unified Silla and Koryŏ-era Temple Sites

( Soon Chul Cha ),( Sun Kim ) 서울대학교 규장각한국학연구원 2020 Seoul journal of Korean studies Vol.33 No.1

This article presents a systematic study of deposits of precious goods recovered from temple sites from the Unified Silla and Koryŏ periods. These deposits typically consist of metal objects that had been stored in the temple but were placed in big iron cauldrons or bells and buried for safekeeping during times of war or chaos. Unlike the chindan’gu or ritual implements to pacify the earth spirits, which were buried before the building was constructed, “deliberately deposited artifacts” (t’oejang yumul) refers to objects buried during an emergency. After burial, because of the temple’s destruction or other factors, they could not be recovered and restored to the temple; most have thus been recovered recently during archeological excavations. This article investigates artifacts recovered from twelve different sites. Following a careful comparison of the metal objects, it was ascertained that during the mid-Koryŏ period, the previous system wherein three ritual objects were employed (one incense burner, one candle holder, and one vase) shifted to a system influenced by the Southern Song (one incense burner, two candle holders, and two vases). This system with five ritual implements became more prevalent during the period of Mongol dominion, spreading to temples across the country. It is surmised that the objects recovered from such deposits did not only derive from the golden hall, the main shrine of the temple, but were used in various buildings in the temple precinct, and can serve as an index for the size of the temple in which they were found.

고고학 자료 데이터베이스화의 현황과 과제

차순철(CHA, Soon-Chul) 한국고대사학회 2016 韓國古代史硏究 Vol.0 No.84

현재 국내에서 이루어지고 있는 고고학 자료에 대한 데이터베이스화는 발굴조사보고서를 중심으로 활발한 자료생산이 이루어지고 있지만, 이들 자료에 대한 2차, 3차 검토 및 분류작업을 통한 세세한 분류와 색인작업 등에 대해서는 많은 과제를 남기고 있다. 고고학 분야에서는 매년 수천 권의 발굴조사보고서와 관련 자료가 생산되고 있다. 기초자료 부분으로 볼 때, 그 어떤 학문 분야보다도 많은 내용이 집적되고 이를 정보화하여 유통하고 있지만, 이러한 자료의 이용부분은 매우 제한된 모습으로 이루어지고 있다. 이러한 원인으로는 자료의 생산과 유통부분에 있어서 이를 종합적으로 관리하고 세부 분석과 해제를 하는 부분이 아직 덜 이루어진데서 원인을 찾을 수 있다. 일제강점기부터 현재까지 생산된 각종 자료들에 대해서는 보고서 데이터베이스를 통해서 제공이 이루어지고 있고, 국공립기관을 중심으로 새롭게 재해석한 보고서도 출간되고 있다. 북한자료에 대해서는 과거 불법출판된 영인본이 주를 이루었으나 현재는 저작권 계약에 따른 출판물이 발간되고 있다. 그러나 최신 자료의 입수문제는 한계가 있으며, 이들 자료에 대해서는 국립문화재연구소를 중심으로 정리작업이 이루어지고 있다. 공공자료라 할 수 있는 고고학 발굴조사보고서 이용과 관련하여 발간기관별로 관리되는 점과 PDF를 제공하는 기관이 상이한 점 등은 연구자들이 자료를 이용하는데 불편함을 초래하고 있다. 이러한 문제점을 해결하기 위해서 발굴조사보고서에 대한 종합적인 관리와 이용을 요구하는 의견이 제기되므로, 이에 대한 해결방안을 모색하고 원문정보와 시대별, 유적별 각종 정보를 제공할 수 있는 방법이 마련되어야 한다. 또한 다양한 형태의 고고학자료에 대한 이러한 검색기능을 구비하기 위해서는 현재 운영되고 있는 발굴조사보고서 등록제도에 추가적으로 해당 보고서의 주요 내용에 대한 검색편리를 위한 표제어 입력이 가능하도록 제도를 개선할 필요가 있다. 결국 고고학 자료를 효율적으로 관리하고 각종 문화재 관련 보고서자료 등을 인터넷상에서 제공할 수 있는 전문 관리시설의 존재는 문화유산 보호를 위해서 필요하다고 생각되며, 이러한 시설을 통해서 한국 고고학 자료들이 보다 효과적으로 이용할 수 있다면 보다 편리한 이용방안이 마련될 수 있을 것이다. For the development of a database for archeological materials currently pushed forward with in Korea, related data have been generously produced centering on the excavation survey reports. However, there are much to be done for the detailed classification and also the indexing through secondary and tertiary review and classification of such materials. Every year, thousands of excavation survey reports and related materials have been produced. For basic materials, the field of archeology is accumulating more contents than any other academic fields and is digitalizing and circulating them ; however, such uses of the materials are quite limited. One of the reasons is that the production and circulation of data have not been comprehensively managed, analyzed in detail, and released properly. The materials produced from the Japanese colonial era to today are made available through report database and newly interpreted versions have been also published mostly by national and public organizations. North Korean materials had been mainly photographic copies illegally published in the past whereas publications are issued based on copyright contracts. However, there are limits in collecting latest materials and such materials have been organized mainly by National Cultural Properties Research Institute. The fact that the archeological excavation survey reports which are considered public materials are managed by their publishing organizations and the fact that their PDF versions are offered by different organizations are causing inconvenience in using such materials. For the comprehensive management and use of excavation survey reports are suggested as the solution for such problems, it is necessary to develop a measure to seek after solutions and provide original text information alongside other information by period and remains. The current system for registering excavation survey reports needs to be improved by adding a feature to enter keywords to facilitate the search of main contents of the reports in order to develop a feature for searching archeological data that are available in various forms. Eventually, the professional management facilities capable of efficiently managing archeological materials and providing a variety of cultural heritage related reports and so on through the internet are deemed necessary for the protection of cultural heritage. More convenient uses could be provided if Korean archeological materials can be used more effectively through such facilities.

우편집중국 소포구분 작업장 인력계획 수립모형

박철순(Chul-soon Park),배성문(Sungmoon Bae),차병철(Byung-Chul Cha),차춘남(Chun Nam Cha) 한국산업경영시스템학회 2009 한국산업경영시스템학회지 Vol.32 No.3

Processing mail objects in a mail processing center involves several steps and operations, in particular dispatching as well as sorting by destination. The purpose of this paper is to present a model for the part-time worker staffing and allocation problem as it arises at the parcel sorting area in a mail processing center. The problem is formulated as a mixed integer linear program model to minimize the variable part-time workforce related cost. Not only the characteristics of the sorting operations but also the dispatching requirements of the vehicles are reflected into the model. Six example problems with three different daily amounts of arriving mail are solved with LINGO to demonstrate the effectiveness of the 7-level induction option for the parcel sorting machine over the current 3-level one. The results indicate that measurable savings can be achieved by departing from current practice.

고려시대 진언기와 사례 검토

차순철(Cha, Soon-Chul) 중앙문화재연구원 2021 중앙고고연구 Vol.- No.36

경주지역에서 출토된 고려시대 명문기와 중 ‘옴소재진복와(唵消災進福瓦)’는 경주 월성 부근인 인왕동과 경주읍성 부근인 성동동 그리고 황성동 호원사지와 동천동 일대, 현곡면 나원리사지와 안강읍 갑산사지 등에서 출토되고 있다. 과거 이 명문기와는 통일신라시대 유물로 알려졌지만 발굴조사를 통해서 고려시대 중기에 사찰에서 사용한 것으로 밝혀졌다. 과거 소개된 자료와 최근 출토된 명문와 내용을 살펴본 결과 과거에 판독된 ‘소재진복’의 앞쪽과 뒤쪽에서 각각 새로운 글자가 1자씩 추가로 확인되어서. 전체 내용은 ‘옴소재진복와’로 밝혀졌다. 그리고 그 내용은 불교진언으로 ‘옴(唵)’자를 첫 머리에 둔 “재앙이 소멸되고 복이 오는 기와”로 읽을 수 있다. 이 기와가 만들어진 시기는 고려시대 중기인 12세기 후반에서 13세기 초로 추정되며, 이 시기 유행하던 불교의식인 <소재도량(消災道場)>과 관련성을 찾을 수 있다. 따라서 이 명문기와는 불교진언을 기와에 새김으로써 그 부처의 힘으로 재앙을 막고자하는 의지를 나타낸 것으로 볼 수 있다. ‘옴소재진복와’ 명문기와는 경주 인왕동유적 2방 6호 건물지, 성동동유적 그리고 시내 주변에 위치한 안강 갑산사-현곡면 나원리사지-황성동 호원사 둥에서 사용한 모습이 확인되므로 경주 시내와 주변지역에 위치한 사찰들의 연결 관계를 살펴볼 수 있다. 또한 국내 유적에서 출토된 명문와 중 진언기와를 살펴본 결과 경주지역 외에도 지방의 여러 사찰에서 출토된 사례가 확인되므로 고려시대에는 소재도량을 통해서 재해를 막고자 기원하면서 함께 진언기와를 사용함으로써 그 공력을 빌었다고 생각한다. Among the inscribed roof-tiles of the Goryeo Dynasty excavated in Gyeongju region, the ‘Om Sojae Jinbok Tile (唵消災進福瓦)’ are found in Inwang-dong near Wolseong Fortress of Gyeongju, Seongdong-dong near Gyeongju Eupseong Fortress, Howonsa Temple site in Hwangseong-dong and Dongcheon-dong, a temple site in Nawon-ri, Hyeongok-myeonm and Gapsansa Temple site in Angang-eup. In the past, this inscribed tile was known as an artifact of the Unified Silla Dynasty. However, excavation surveys proved that it was used in temples during the mid Goryeo Dynasty. The examination of the materials introduced in the past and the details of the inscribed tiles excavated recently, discovered new letters, one before and the other after Sojae Jinbok (消災進福), and revealed the entire phrase, ‘Om Sojae Jinbok Wa (唵消災進福瓦)’. The phrase is from the words of Buddha and can be read as “Om, roof-tile that eradicates disaster and brings luck.” The Mantra roof-tile is presumed to have been produced between late 12th century and early 13th century, which is the mid Goryeo Dynasty. It has some association with a Buddhist rite called ‘Sojae Doryang (消災道場),’ which was prevalent at the time and intended to prevent disasters in the temple. In summary, this inscribed tile is an expression of the intent to prevent harms with Buddha’s power by inscribing the words of Buddha on the roof-tile. Also, it is deemed that an association could be found between Gapsansa Temple, the temple in Nawon-ri, Howonsa Temple, and the temples in Inwang-dong and Seongdong-dong in downtown Gyeongju area based on the fact that this inscribed roof-tile was shared among the temples in downtown Gyeongju and its peripheral areas. The examination of inscribed tiles excavated domestic sites, the ones with the words of Buddha in particular, such roof-tiles were found in various temples inside and also outside Gyeongju. All this indicates that people prayed for the prevention of harms through ‘Sojae Doryang’ and made roof-tiles inscribed with the words of Buddha to depend on Buddha’s power.