Elevational Distribution of Breeding Bird Communities in Seoraksan National Park, Korea

Hwang, Hyun-Su,Lee, Jae-Kang,Eom, Tae-Kyung,Bae, Ho-Kyoung,Lee, Dong-Ho,Lim, Jong-Hwan,Jung, Sung-Cheol,Park, Chan-Ryul,Rhim, Shin-Jae Korean Society of Forest Science 2020 한국산림과학회지 Vol.109 No.1

In this study, the elevational distribution of breeding birds in Seoraksan National Park, Korea was investigated. Forty-six species of birds were documented from line transect surveys taken from Seorakdong at 230 m above sea level (a.s.l.) to the Daechungbong summit at 1708 m asl. Birdspecies richness and diversity were highest in Seorakdong and lowest at the Daechungbong summit. As elevation increased, bird species richness and diversity decreased, with a humped-shape trend being observed between 700 m and 1200 m a.s.l. Stepwise analyses revealed that breeding bird species diversity indices were significantly negatively correlated with elevation (r² = 0.327, P < 0.001) and positively correlated with vegetational coverage (r² = 0.324, P = 0.046). Higher elevations supported fewer birds than low and intermediate elevations. Projections at the local scale, including data on behavior and habitat use by birds, will be necessary for optimal conservation and management of the bird communities in Seoraksan National Park.

Elevational Distribution of Breeding Bird Communities in Seoraksan National Park, Korea

( Hyun-su Hwang ),( Jae-kang Lee ),( Tae-kyung Eom ),( Ho-kyoung Bae ),( Dong-ho Lee ),( Jong-hwan Lim ),( Sung-cheol Jung ),( Chan-ryul Park ),( Shin-jae Rhim ) 한국산림과학회(구 한국임학회) 2020 한국산림과학회지 Vol.109 No.1

In this study, the elevational distribution of breeding birds in Seoraksan National Park, Korea was investigated. Forty-six species of birds were documented from line transect surveys taken from Seorakdong at 230 m above sea level (a.s.l.) to the Daechungbong summit at 1708 m asl. Birdspecies richness and diversity were highest in Seorakdong and lowest at the Daechungbong summit. As elevation increased, bird species richness and diversity decreased, with a humped-shape trend being observed between 700 m and 1200 m a.s.l. Stepwise analyses revealed that breeding bird species diversity indices were significantly negatively correlated with elevation (r² = 0.327, P < 0.001) and positively correlated with vegetational coverage (r² = 0.324, P = 0.046). Higher elevations supported fewer birds than low and intermediate elevations. Projections at the local scale, including data on behavior and habitat use by birds, will be necessary for optimal conservation and management of the bird communities in Seoraksan National Park.

Ⅱ급 부정교합자에서 Ⅱ급 고무사용에 의한 교정치료후 교합평면의 변화와 안정성에 관한 연구

박동철,홍성준 全北大學校 齒醫學硏究所 1991 전북치대논문집 Vol.9 No.1

The purpose of this study was to investigate the change and stability of the cant of occlusal plane affected by the use of Class Ⅱ elastic in Class Ⅱ individuals. Materials consisted of lateral roentgenocephalograms of 29 patients treated with full brackets system Cephalograms was taken at following 3 stages ; the begining of orthodontic treatment, the begining of retention, 2 years after orthodontic treatment. Measurements were done at following angles and distance. l. SN-Occlusal plane 2. Palatal plane-Occlusal plane 3. Mandibular plane-Occlusal plane 4. AB plane-Occlusal plane 5. Occlusal plane inclination 6. Xi-Occlusal plane distance The results were as follows ; 1. The changes of the occlusal plane mainly occured within the alveolar process. 2. The SN-Occlusal plane angle showed a great stability in 2 years after orthodontic treatment. 3. In this study it has likewise been shown that the changes in the inclination of the occlusal plane accompanied by treatment, have a little tendency to return to the original condition in those case exhibiting or no growth. 4. Since I have observed many cases 2 years after treatment in which the tipped occlusal plane has remained tipped. The relapse occured slightly, however, was not statistically significant.

土地財産權에 關한 公法的 規制

朴龍喆,李東秀 慶北大學校 師範大學 1982 敎育硏究誌 Vol.24 No.-

Michel Dedre said, "If democracy doesn't establish a system to prevent real estate speculation, and doesn't have any means to charge taxes on some amount of automatical increasing land price caused by establishing governmental public facilities, it will run the great risk of being incompetent in finance as well as policy." According to the above statements, to control our present real estate system, especially the building land, is very important for public welfare. In this paper, to promote the utility of building land by public law control on landownership, and to take a part in carrying out public welfare throughout the equal opportunity of making use of land, I referred to some problems concerned. The gists of this paper are followings: 1st chapter; the characteristics of landownership and the cause of real estate speculation. 2nd chapter; the public welfare suitability of exercising property and constitutional protection of property on "O¨ffentliches Landbegriff." 3rd chapter; the various nation's cases about controling of landownership, such as Korea, German, England, America, Free China and Japan. As a result, I'd like to suggest some basic courses of land policy as followings: 1. The need for establishing basic law of land. 2. The need for a long-period and effective counter-plan of land. 3. Developing all kind of land according to the usage designated by government. 4. Introducing the licence system of land business. 5. Introducing a system of limiting land tenure. 6. Limiting long-period land tenure. 7. Collecting development texes in case of changing land usage. 8. Improving the real estate businessmen's qualities, and introducing the business licence system.

백서의 실험적 치아이동식 Nitric Oxide Synthetase의 발현 양상

박동권,김상철 대한치과교정학회 2001 대한치과교정학회지 Vol.31 No.1

반응 질소 중간 대사를 중의 하나인 nitric oxide(NO)는 작고 불안정하며 전하가 없는 free radical이며 신체의 여러 종류 세포에서 분비되어 대부분의 조직 세포에 영향을 미친다. 또한 NO는 lipopolysaccharide나 cytokines등의 자극으로 골모세포로부터 생산되어 파골세포의 활성을 강력하게 억제한다는 보고도 있다. 이러한 NO는 L-arguinine으로 부터 nitric oxide synthetase(NOS)에 의해 합성된다. 골개조에 의해 이루어지는 생체 내 치아이동 및 그에 따른 치주조직 변화에서 NO및 NOS가 중요한 역할을 할 것으로 생각되나 교정적 치아이동에서 치주인대의 재생 과정과 관련되어 이들의 역할이 밝혀진 것이 드물었다. 본 연구에서는 견인력에 의한 치아이동시 시간 경과에 따른 NOS의 발현 정도 및 분포 변화를 알아보고자, Sprague-Dawley계 백서 27마리를 대조군(3마리)과 실험군(24마리)으로 나누었으며, 실험군은 견인력(75g)을 가한 후 12시간, 1일, 4일, 7일, 14일, 28일이 경과한 후 각각 4마리씩 희생시켜, NOS3와 NOS2의 발현 정도 및 분포를 면역조직화학적으로 관찰한 바 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1.대조군의 NOS3 발현은 치은과 상아질, 치주인대, 치조골에서 경미하였지만 치수, 악간 봉합에서는 약양성의 발현을 보였으며, NOS2의 경우와 유사하였다. 2.실험군의 상아질, 치은, 백악질, 백악모세포, 상아모세포에서의 NOS2 및 NOS3의 발현은 견인력 적용 기간에 관계없이 대조군과 큰 차이가 없이 경미하거나 약양성이었다. 3.치주인대에서의 NOS3의 발현은 실험 4일째부터 치근단에서 증가되어 7일째에 압박측을 중심으로 증가한 이후 감소되었다. 4.치조골에서의 NOS3는 실험 7일째까지 경미한 발현을 보이다가 14일째부터 28일째까지 약양성으로 발현 증가를 보였으며 압박 및 견인측 간의 차이는 없었다. 5.치주인대에서의 NOS2는 압박측과 견인측 간의 차이 없이 실험 7일째 이후에 대조군보다 증가된 약양성의 발현을 보였으며 NOS3의 발현에 비해 상대적으로 많았다. 6.치조골에서의 NOS2의 발현은 14일째에 가장 크게 증가하여 골모세포, 파골세포, 골세포 모두에서 발현되었으며 압박측보다 견인측 치조골의 골세포에서 약간 많았다. Nitric oxide(NO) has been reported to be one of the mediators relating to bone remodelling. Nitric oxide is synthesized from L-arguinine by nitric oxide synthetase(NOS), which is largely divided into two groups. One group which is composed of NOS1 and NOS3, is dependent of calcium or calmodulin. The other consisted of NOS2, which is independent of calcium or calmodulin. NOS is thought to be a possible intermediate affecting in the course of tooth movement. This study was designed to evaluate the expression of nitrous oxide synthetase(NOS) in periodontal tissue during the experimental movement of rat incisors, by LSAB(labelled streptavidine biotin) immunohistochemical staining for NOS2 and NOS3. Twenty seven Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into a control group(3 rats), and 6 experimental groups(24 rats), to which 75g of force was applied, with helical springs across the maxillary incisors. Rats of experimental groups were sacrificed at 12 hours, 1, 4, 7, 14 and 28 days after force application, respectively. After that, the tissues of the control group and experimental groups were studied immunohistochemically. The results were as follows: 1.In control group, the expression of NOS3 was rare in gingiva, dentin, periodontal ligament and alveolar bone, and was mild in the capillaries of pulp and intermaxillary suture. And the expression of NOS2 showed similar pattern to that of NOS3. 2.There were no differences in the expression of NOS2 or NOS3 in dentin, gingiva, cementum, cementoblast and odontoblast, between control and experimental groups, regardless of the duration of the force application. 3.The expression of NOS3 began to increase at 4 days and showed to the highest degree at 7 days after force application, in the apical region of pressure side of periodontal ligament in experimental groups. 4.The expression of NOS3 in alveolar bone was rare until 7 days, after which it increased to mild degree at 14 days through 28 days in experimental group. But there was no difference between pressure and tension side of periodontal ligament. 5.The expression of NOS2 in periodontal ligament was mild from 7 days after force application, regardless of the side of periodontium, which was generally more evident than that of NOS3. 6.The expression of NOS2 in alveolar bone increased to mild degree at 14 days after force application, and it was evident in osteoblasts, osteoclasts and osteocytes. And the expression of NOS2 was little more stronger in the tension side than that of pressure side of alveolar bone.

PC12세포에서 Reserpine에 의한 Preproenkephalin 유전자 발현의 조절

박석호,임동윤,최철희,김상훈,박상학,김학렬 조선대학교 1994 The Medical Journal of Chosun University Vol.19 No.1

In cultured PCl2 celIs, prepronkephalin gene expression was studied by measuring preproenkephalin mRNA levels as well as enkephalin content after the treatment of reserpine. Reserpine(0.5 uM) elicited and increased enkephalin peptide levels within 6-24 hrs, which was not inhibited by cycloheximide(2ug /ml), a protein synthesis inhibitor. In addition, reserpine-induced increase of enkephalin was not inhinited by dactinomycin(5ug / ml), which was found to decrease preproenkephalin mRNA. When preproenkephalin mRNA was measured by Northern blot hybridization with cDNA probe, reserpine elicited a slightly increased preproenkephalin mRNA in PCl2 cells as well as in the rat adrenal glands. From the present experimental data it is thought that reserpine-induced enhancement of cellular enkephalin content in cultured PCl2 cells may be mediated through the post translational processing along with a slightly increased transcription.

군 훈련병의 스트레스, 성인 주의력결핍 과잉행동장애 증상과 자살사고의 연관성에 관한 연구

이동윤,이철순,박철수,손진욱,김봉조,차보석,이소진 대한생물치료정신의학회 2011 생물치료정신의학 Vol.17 No.2

Objectives:This study is conducted to investigate the effect of Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorder(ADHD) symptoms on stress and suicide idea among 224 conscripts. Methods:Total number of subject is 224 conscripts. We evaluate symptoms of adult ADHD with Korean-Wender Utah rating scale(K-WURS) and Korean adult attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder scale(K-AADHDS), stress with Brief Encounter Psychosocial Instrument-K(BEPSI-K), suicide idea with Scale for suicide ideation(SSI) after basic military training. Multivariate logistic analysis with backward stepwise selection is performed to evaluate risk factors of stress. Multiple linear regression analysis with stepwise selection is performed to evaluate association of suicide idea with adult ADHD symptoms. Results:Stress is significantly associated with K-WURS score, K-AADHDS score and SSI score(p<0.01, p<0.05, p<0.01). K-WURS score are significant risk factor of stress after basic military training(p<0.05, O.R : 1.034, 95% CI : 1.005-1.065). And K-WURS score influence suicide idea after basic military training(p<0.05, β : 0.031). Conclusion:The result suggests that K-WURS score might be a risk factor of stress and could affect suicide idea.

고속주축 모니터링용 광파이버 변위센서의 레이저 다이오드 출력에 따른 성능평가

박찬규,신우철,홍준희,이동주 한국공작기계학회 2004 한국공작기계학회 춘계학술대회논문집 Vol.2004 No.-

This paper is to develop an optical fiber displacement sensor for monitoring high speed spindle. Proper magnitude of optical power as well as amplification of output signal are necessary to improve sensitivity of the sensor. In this paper, to meet the need of improvement of the sensor resolution, we choose proper optical power and amplification level through speculating on optical power of a laser diode.

고속주축 모니터링용 광파이버 변위센서의 파이버 특성에 따른 센서 성능 연구

박찬규,신우철,배완성,홍준희,이동주 한국공작기계학회 2003 한국공작기계학회 추계학술대회논문집 Vol.2003 No.-

To make high speed spindle system work properly, sensors with outstanding resolution and dynamic characteristics are essential. An optical fiber displacement sensor is based on simple principles. Electrical signal responds to the optical flux change due to the displacement change between a target and a sensor probe. In this paper, the performance of optical fiber displacement sensor has been investigated according to properties of optical fiber. Firstly, optical loss has been measured before and after polishing optical fiber endface. Secondly, allowance of optical fiber bending has been tested. thirdly sensitivity and linear range of the sensor has been found out according to the shape of cross section of optical fiber.

한국장애인체육정책의 행정조직체계 개선에 관한 모델 연구

박준동,신동철 東亞大學校附設스포츠科學硏究所 2003 스포츠科學硏究論文集 Vol.21 No.-

Recently the Korean government has formally discussed what authorities are more effective in dealing with affairs in relation to sports for the disabled. Thus the purpose of this study is to propose models of the better management of such supports. For the purpose, this researcher reviewed current discussions between Ministries of Health & Welfare and Culture & Tourism about transferring the control of sports for the disabled and investigated foreign nations' administrative organizations and policies of such sports, which can be effectively useful to establishing such organizations and policies of this nation. As a result, the following models were proposed. 1. Proposal 1 : A model of development in the existing system under Ministry of Health & Welfare 2. Proposal 2 : A model of systematic development following the establishment of Korea Association of Sports for the Disabled(tentative) under Ministry of Health & Welfare 3. Proposal 3 : A model of step-by-step development through the transfer of the control of sports for the disabled from Ministry of Health & Welfare to Ministry of Culture & Tourism