Continuous Wave of Condensation Technique으로 근관충전시 치근면 온도상승 분석

김영주,황윤찬,김선호,황인남,최보영,정영진,정우남,오원만 大韓齒科保存學會 2003 Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics Vol.28 No.4

This study was conducted to evaluate the temperature rise on the root surface while the root canal is being obturated using continuous wave of condensation technique. Maxillary central incisor was prepared for repeated canal obturation. Ten thermocouples (Omega Engineering Inc., Stanford, USA) were placed at 1mm increment from the anatomical root apex. The real temperature of Buchanan plugger was recorded before insertion into the root canal. The root canal was obturated with continuous wave of condensation technique as described by Buchanan and the root surface temperature was recorded during obturation at 150℃, 200℃, 250℃ and 300℃ temperature settings of System B HeatSource (Model 1005, Analytic technologies, Redmond, WA, USA). After completion of the temperature recording, the dentinal-cementum thickness at each sites was measured. The data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA followed by Scheffe's test and linear regression test. The results were as follows. 1. When the temperature was set at 150℃, 200℃, 250℃ and 300℃ on the digital display of System B HeatSource, the real temperature of the plugger at the 1mm point from the tip revealed 130.82±2.96℃ 158.00±5.26℃, 215.93±6.91℃ and 249.88±3.65℃ respectively. 2. The position of 8 mm from the anatomical apex showed the highest temperature increase at each temperature settings and it was significantly higher than those of other positions (p<0.01). The temperature rise was constantly increased toward coronal portion from apex of the root. 3. The maximum temperature increase on the root surface was 2.37±0.09℃ at 150℃ setting, 3.11±0.12℃ at 200℃ setting, 3.93±0.09℃ at 250℃ setting and 5.69±0.15℃ at 300℃ setting respectively. These results suggest that it be relatively kind to the supporting tissues of the root that the root canal is obturated using continuous wave of condensation technique at 150℃, 200℃, 250℃ and 300℃ temperature settings on digital temperature display of System B HeatSource.

Continuous Wave of Condensation Technique으로 근관충전시 치근면 온도상승 분석

김영주,황윤찬,김선호,황인남,최보영,정영진,정우남,오원만 전남대학교 치의학연구소 2003 구강과학 Vol.15 No.4

This study was conducted to evaluate safety to the supporting tissues of the root while the root canal is obturated using continuous wave of condensation technique. A extracted maxillary central incisor was prepared for repeated canal obturation. After conventional access opening, working length was then established to the point 1㎜ from anatomical root apex. The root canal was prepared with GT rotary Ni-Ti file (Dentsply Maillefer, Switzerland). Five thermocouples (Onega Engineering Inc., USA) were placed at 2㎜ increments on one side beginning 1㎜ from the anatomical root apex and the other five thermocouples at 2㎜ increments on the other side beginning 2㎜ from it. For obturation, a nonstandardized medium size gutta-percha cone and a ML Buchanan plugger (Analytic technologies, USA) were selected. After drying of root canal, AH 26 root canal sealer (Dentsply Detrey, Germany) was applied on the wall of the root canal. Baseline temperature was measured on the root surface. The ML size plugger was preheated for 2seconds and then the real temperature of it was recorded before insertion into the root canal. The root canal was obturated with continuous wave of condensation technique as described by Buchanan. The root surface temperature was recorded during obturation and it was performed ten times at each of the following temperature settings: 150℃, 200℃, 250℃ and 300℃. After completion of the temperature recording, the dentinal-cementum thickness at each sites where thermocouples were attached was measured. The data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA followed by Scheffe's test and linear regression test. The results were as follows. 1. When the temperature was set at 150℃, 200℃, 250℃ and 300℃ on the digital display of System B HeatSource, the real temperature of the plugger at the 1㎜ point from the tip revealed 130.82±2.96℃, 158.00±5.26℃, 215.92±6.91℃ and 249.88±3.65℃ respectively. 2. The position of 8 ㎜ from the anatomical apex showed the highest temperature increase at each temperature settings and it was significantly higher than those of other positions (p<0.01). The temperature rise was constantly increased toward coronal portion from apex of the root. 3. The maximum temperature increase on the root surface was 2.37±0.09℃ at 150℃ setting, 3.11±0.12℃ at 200℃ setting, 3.93± 0.09℃ at 250℃ setting and 5.69± 0.15℃ at 300℃ setting. These results suggest that it be relatively kind to the supporting tissues of the root that the root canal is obturated using continuous wave of condensation technique at 150℃, 200℃, 250℃ and 300℃ temperature settings on digital display of System B HeatSource.

Medicinal Chemistry : EVALUATION OF CADMIUM-INDUCED NEPHROTOXICITY USING URINARY METABOLOMIC PROFILES IN SPRAGUE-DAWLEY MALE RATS

( Yu Kyung Lee ),( Eun Young Park ),( Shi Won Kim ),( Ji Yeon Son ),( Tae Hyung Kim ),( Won Gu Kang ),( Tae Chun Jeong ),( Kyu Bong Kim ),( Seung Jun Kwack ),( Jae Won Lee ),( Suh Mann Kim ),( Byung M 영남대학교 약품개발연구소 2015 영남대학교 약품개발연구소 연구업적집 Vol.25 No.-

The aim of this study was to investigate urinary metabolomics profiles associated with cadmium (Cd)-induced nephrotoxicity and their potential mechanisms. Metabolomic profiles were measured by high-resolution 1H-nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy in the urine of rats after oral exposure to CdCl2 (1, 5, or 25 mg/kg) for 6 wk. The spectral data were further analyzed by a multivariate analysis to identify specific urinary metabolites. Urinary excretion levels of protein biomarkers were also measured and CdCl2 accumulated dose-dependently in the kidney. High-dose (25 mg/kg) CdCl2 exposure significantly increased serum blood urea nitrogen (BUN), but serum creatinine (sCr) levels were unchanged. High-dose CdCl2 (25 mg/kg) exposure also significantly elevated protein-based urinary biomarkers including osteopontin, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), kidney injury molecules-1 (Kim-1), and selenium-bingding protein 1 (SBP1) in rat urine. Under these conditions, six urinary metabolites (citarate, serine, 3-hydroxyisovalerate, 4-hydroxyphentllactate, dimethylamine, and betaine) were involved in mitochondrial energy metabolism. In addition, a few number of amino acids such as glycine, glutamate, tyrosine, proline, or phentlalanine and carbohydrate (glucose) were altered in urine afrer CdCl2 exposure. In particular, the metabolites involved in the glutathione biosynthesis pathway, including cysteine, serine, methionine, and glutamate, were markedly decreased compared to the control. Thus, these metabolites are potential biomarkers for detection of Cd-induced nephrotoxicity. Our results further indicate that redox metabolomics pathways may be associated with Cd-mediated chronic kidney injury. These findings provide a biochemical pathway for better understanding of cellulat mechanism underlying Cd-induced renal injury in hunmans.

장기입원 만성정신질환자의 실태에 관한 조사

김영미,조병만,장기용,정영인 大韓神經精神醫學會 1999 신경정신의학 Vol.38 No.4

연구목적 : 부산지역내 정신보건시설에 1년 이상 장기입원하고 있는 만성정신질환자의 실태를 조사하여, 인구사회학적 특성과 장기입원에 영향을 미치는 요인 가운데 직접적인 의료적 요인보다는 주로 간접적인 의료외적인 요인을 알아보고, 이를 바탕으로 향후 만성정신질환자의 효율적 관리를 위한 기초자료를 얻고자 본 연구를 시도하였다. 방 법 연구대상은 1998년 7월1일 현재 부산지역 정신보건시설에서 1년 이상 장기입원중인 3,477명의 만성 정신질환자들이었다. 조사대상기관으로는 10개의 정신병원, 8개의 정신질환자 요양시설이었다. 조사방법은 저자들이 사전에 작성한 자료조사표의 양식을 부산광역시 보건과의 협조를 받아 이들 정신병원과 정신질환자 요양시설에 보내 작성하게 한 다음, 부산광역시의 행정계통을 통해 회수하였다. 자료조사표에는 성별, 연령, 진단명, 정신보건시설의 종류(정신병원, 정신질환자 요양시설), 정신보건법에서 규정한 입원형태(동의입원, 시?? 도지사에 의한 입원, 자의입원). 결혼상태, 교육수준, 요양급여형태, 연고자 유무, 면회횟수 등의 10개의 독립변수가 포함되었다. 자료분석은 입원기간에 따른 대상환자의 분포가 정규분포를 나타내지 않아 독립변수항목들과 입원기간간 의 관련성을 검증하는데는 비모수 방법인 Spear-man 상관계수, Mann-Whitney 검증, Kruskal-Wallis 검증을 사용하였다. 결 과 1) 본 연구의 대상인 1년이상 장기입원중인 환자는 전체입원환자의 70.7%에 해당하였으며 이들 대상 환자의 입원기간의 중앙값은 5.5년이었다. 2) 정신보건시설별 전체환자에 대한 대상환자의 비율은 정신병원과 정신질환자 요양시설이 각각 46.3%, 95.1%로서 정신질환자 요양시설이 정신병원에 비해 장기입원환자의 비율이 높았다. 3) 본 연구에서 설정한 10개 항목의 독립변수 모두에서 입원기간의 유의한 차이를 보여, 이들 변수 모두가 장기입원에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 결 론 : 만성정신질환자들의 장기입원에는 상당수의 의료외적인 간접적 요인들도 중요한 역할을 하고 있는 것으로 나타났고, 이는 국내 정신의료서비스의 후진성을 보여주는 것으로 판단되었다. Objectives : In an attempt to identify the demographic characteristics and the factors influencing long-term hospitalization of chronically mentally-ill patients, a survey on the chronically mentally-ill patients who had been staying longer than 1 year in mental health facilities was conducted. Methods : Checklist including some demographic data that were regarded as independent variables was applied to 3,477 subjects through administration system of Pusan Metropolitan City. Statistical analyse were done using distribution-free, non-parametric tests. Results : 1) Subjects who had been staying longer than 1 year were 70.7% of the total inpatients of mental health facilities, and median duration of their hospitalization was 5.5 years. 2) In mental hospitals and asylums, the ratio of chronically mentally-ill subjects to the total inpatients in each facilitiy was 46.3% and 95.1%, respectively. 3) All of the 10 independent variables had an influence on the hospitalization duration. Conclusions : These results indicated that many indirect, extramedical factors had an influence the long-term hospitalization of chronically mentally-ill patients, and it is likely to reflect the underdevelopment of mental health services in Korea.

선천성 구순열 및 구개열 환자의 동반기형 및 염색체검사에 의한 유전학적 연구

김잉곤,류재만,이영만 大韓成形外科學會 1986 Archives of Plastic Surgery Vol.13 No.2

There has been relatively high incidence of congenital cleft lip and palate among congenital anomalies. The etiological factors of cleft lip and palate has been studied by many workers with embryological, environmental and genetical approach, but they are still imperfectly understood. So the author reviewed 19,420 live births and 337 patients with cleft lip and cleft palate who were admitted and treated at Hanyang University hospital during past 12 years period from January 1973 to December 1984 in order to evaluate the frequency and etiological factors of cleft lip and cleft palate. At the same time, author studied 74 chromosomal structures of the cleft lip and cleft palate. The following results were obtained; 1. The incidence of all cleft was 1.0 per 1,000 live births. 2. The rate of cleft lip and palated among congenital anomalies was 20%. 3. The rate of cleft lip, cleft lip with cleft palate and cleft palate along was 1.0 : 1.0 : 1.2. 4. Males were affected 1.2 times more than female in cleft lip and 4.3 times in cleft lip with cleft palate but in cleft palate females were affected 1.4 times more than male. 5. 18 cases (5.3%) showed positive family histories. 6. 19 cases (5.4%) had associated congenital anomalies. 7. 7 cases (9.5%) showed abnormal chromosomal structure in the chromosomal study.

Pulsed Nd:YAG 레이저 조사에 의한 상아질의 온도변화에 대한 연구

김영일,오원만 전남대학교 치과대학 1995 전남치대논문집 Vol.7 No.1

This study was performed to evaluate the possibility of pulpal damage by measuring temperature change occured in dentin according to the thickness of dentin, the time of irradiation and the output of laser energy when the dentin surfaces were irradiated with Nd-YAG laser under water coolant and no water coolant. Sound upper and lower molar teeth were sectioned with 1mm, 1.5mm and 2.0mm thickness of dentin discs and divided into 3 groups by dentin thickness. 0.5 watt, 1 watt, 1.5 watt and 2.0 wattenergied beam of pulsed 10 p.p.s of Nd : YAG laser was applied respectively to dentin surfaces for 8 secs and 16 secs when water coolant is used or not. And then the temperature changes occured in dentin were measured at opposite surfaces of laser-irradiated dentin surfaces with digital thermometer. The results were as follows. 1. When the amount of irradiated energy was same, the temperatue changes of dentin were higher as the thickness of dentin discs was thinner (p<0.01). 2. When the amount of irradiated energy and the thickness of dentin were same, the temperature changes of dentin were lower under water coolant than under no water coolant in all groups (p<0.01). 3. With the increase of time of irradiation, the temperature changes of Dentin became higher in all groups and were steeply increased at initial period of irradiation of laser. 4. Under the same thickness of dentin, the temperature changes of dentin became higher as irradiated energy was increased. These results suggest that when the beam of Nd : YAG Laser is irradiated to dental hard tissue, amount of irradiating energy, thickness of dentin, using water coolant must be considered in order to minimize thermal damage of the pulp.

색상 측정 기기를 이용한 복합레진 적층 수복과 단일 수복의 색상 비교 분석

송영상,김자현,이빈나,장지현,장훈상,황윤찬,오원만,황인남 大韓齒科保存學會 2012 Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics Vol.37 No.2

Objectives: This study analyzed the difference in color caused by different thickness in enamel layer of composite resins when applied with single and layering placement technique, and evaluated if the results agreed with the shade guide from the manufacturers to verify reliability of the color matching process of the manufacturers. Materials and Methods: For single composite resin samples, 6 mm diameter and 4 mm thickness cylindrical samples were fabricated using Ceram-X mono (DENTSPLY DeTrey) and CIE L*a*b* values were measured with spectrophotometer. Same process was done for layering compositie resin samples, making 3 dentinal shade samples, 4 mm thickness, for each shade using Ceram-X duo (DENTSPLY DeTrey) and enamel shade resins were layered in 2 mm thickness and CIE L*a*b* values were measured. These samples were ground to 0.2 mm thickness each time, and CIE L*a*b* values were measured to 1 mm thickness of enamel shade resin. Results: Color difference (△E*) between single and layering composite resin was 1.37 minimum and 10.53 maximum when layering thicknesses were between 1 mm and 2 mm and 6 out of 10 same shade groups suggested by manufacturer showed remarkable color difference at anythickness (△E* > 3.3). Conclusion: When using Ceram-X mono and duo for composite resin restoration, following the manufacturer's instructions for chossing the shade is not appropriate, and more accurate information for Ceram-X duo is needed on the variation and expression of the shades depending on the thickness of the enamel. (Restor Dent Endod 2012;37(2):84-89)

생활치 미백제가 우치 법랑질의 투명도에 미치는 영향

김동준,김영주,김학근,박은종,서은주,황윤찬,오원만,황인남 大韓齒科保存學會 2005 Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics Vol.30 No.3

본 연구에서는 현재 임상에서 home bleaching을 위해 사용되고 있는 표백 재료들이 치아 법랑질의 투명도에 어떠한 변화를 일으키는지 고찰해 보고자 시행하였다. 실험 대상으로는 하루 전 발거한 우치 (bovine tooth)를 사용하였다. 치아의 순면에 수직되게 다이아몬드 드릴을 이용해 수주 하에서 직경 6 mm의 원통형 치아 시편을 만들어 순면이 노출된 상태로 투명한 아크릭 레진에 포매한 후, low speed diamond saw (Isomat, Buehler Co., USA)를 사용하여 1.2 mm 두께로 절단하였다. 절단된 시편은 순면을 먼저 편평하게 연마하고,절단된 면을 연마하여 두께 1 mm의 시편을 완성하였다. 완성된 시편(우치 25개)을 무작위로 추출하여 3개의 그룹으로 나누고 나머지는 대조군으로 하였다. Opalescence (10% carbamide peroxide, Ultradent, Milford, USA), Rembrandt (10% carbamide peroxide, DenMat, USA) 및 Opalescence F(15% carbamide peroxide with fluoride, Ultradent)를 시편의 순면에 1주일 동안 적용 (표백제는 24시간마다 교체)하였고, 설측면은 증류수를 적신 거즈에 접촉된 상태로 보관하였다 표백제를 적용하기 전과 적용 3, 5, 7일째에 시편의 삼자극치 X, Y, Z 값을 색채색차계 (Color & Color Differencemeter, Model TC-6FX, Tokyo Denshoku Co., Japan)로 백색 배경판과 흑색 배경판 상에서 측정하였다 백색 배경판과 흑색 배경판 상에서 측정된 Y값의 평균값을 이용해 contrast ratio를 계산하였다 얻어진 값을 One Way Repeated Measured ANOVA를 이용하여 통계 처리한 결과 10% Opalescence처치군, 15% Opalescence-F처치군 및 대조군에서는 통계적으로 유의할만한 증감을 보이지 않았고, Rembrandt처치군에서는 Contrast ratio가 증가하였다 (p < 0.01) . This study was done to evaluate whether vital bleaching agents could influence on the translucency of the bovine enamel. The anterior bovine teeth that were extracted one day before and without any gross discoloration were obtained and then were preserved in physiologic saline. 6 mm cylindrical tooth specimens were fabricated with diamond puncher perpendicularly on labial surface of bovine tooth. After embedded in transparent acrylic resin with labial surface being exposed, they were cut to a thickness of 1.2 mm with low speed diamond saw (Isomat, Buehler Co., Lake Bluff, IL, USA). They were smoothly ground to 1 mm thickness of enamel with sandpaper. 24 specimens were randomly divided into 3 groups and control group respectively. Opalescence (10% carbamide peroxide, Ultradent, South Jordan, USA), Rembrandt (10% carbamide peroxide, DenMat, USA) and Opalescence F (15% carbamide peroxide with fluoride, Ultradent, USA) were applied on labial sides of the bovine enamel for 7 days (bleaching agents were reapplied every 24 hours) and the opposite surface was contacted to cotton that soaked in distilled water. The control group was soaked in distilled water. Three stimulus value X, Y and Z were evaluated with colorimeter (Color ' Color Differencerneter, Model TC-6FX, Tokyo Denshoku Co., Japan) on the labial surface of all specimen three times on white and black background plate before the bleaching agents were applied and on 3rd, 5th and 7th day after applied. The degree of translucency was normally assessed by measuring the inverse property, opacity (contrast ratio). 10% Opalescence, 15% Opalescence-F, and control group showed no significant variation in the translucency of bovine enamel, However Rembrandt decreased the translucency of it (p < 0.01).

Bleomycin이 모낭의 기질세포에 미치는 영향에 관한 전자현미경적 연구

이영만,김잉곤,류재만 한양대학교 의과대학 1993 한양의대 학술지 Vol.13 No.2

Bleomycin, one of antibiotic drug, produced by a strain of Streptomyces verticillus is used effectively in the treatment of various cancer. It is well known that bleomycin acts on the cancer cell by binding to nuclear DNA, causing single-strand scission and in turn inhibition DNA synthesis. Although bleomycin is very beneficial to cancer patient, it may damage ot normal cells. The author has undertaken this study to pursue the morphological changes of hair folliclis caused by bleomycin injection. Healthy male mice of DDY strain weighing about 20 gm were used in this experiment. Animals of the experimental group were intraperitoneally administrated with 15mg/kg bleomycin diluted in 0.2ml distilled water for injection by bid for 7days. The experimental animals were sacrificed at 1,3days, and 1,2 weeks after administration of bleomycin and specimens, skin of abdomen, were rejected. Some specimens were fixed 10% formalin for 24 hours and stained with hematoxylin and eosin. The others were prefixed in 2% glutaraldehyde-2.5% paraformaldehyde solution at 4℃ during 2-4 hours and postfixed in 1% osmium tetroxide solution. Ultrathin sections were made and double stained with urany1 acetate and lead citrate. These preparations were observed with light microscope and electron microscope (Hitachi H-600), respectively. The results were as follows: 1.The number and length of the hair folliclis were decreased and number of matrix cells were also reduced in skin in 1 day, 3 day and 1 week groups after administration of bleomycin. In 2 week group, hair follicles were similar to those of the normal control group. 2.Swollen mitochondria, mitochondria with indistinct double membranes and mitochondrial cristae, and degenerated mitochondria with horse-shoe shape were recognized cristae, and degenerated mitochondria with horse-shoe shape were recognized in 1 day, 3 day and 1 weed groups after bleomycin administration. In 2week group, swollen mitocondria and mitochondria with disorganized mitochondrial cristae and double membranes were observed. 3.The amounts of free ribosomes were markedly reduced in 1 day group after administration of bleomycin and slightly decreased in 3 day and 1 week groups. In 2 week group, distribution of free fibosomes were similar to that of the normal control gorup. 4.The cisternae of the rough endoplasmic reticulum with detachment of membrane-bound ribosomes were slihtly dilated in 1 day, 3 day groups after administration of bleomycin. In 2 week group, rough endoplasmic reticulum were similar to that of the normal control group. 5.A number of autophagic vacuoles were observed in 1 day, 3 day groups after administration of bleomycin and whorled membranous body was seen in 1 week group. Consequently, it is suggested that bleomycin would induce degenerative changes on the matrix cells of the hair follicle in mouse skin, but these damage are recovered as time goes by.

지속가능한 주거환경평가지표에 관한 연구

임만택,김현태,김인호,박영신 朝鮮大學校 建設技術硏究所 2007 建設技術硏究 Vol.27 No.1

The index of residential environment is an item that can be an axis of evaluation in evaluating residential environment and the level is a spatial measure indicated with a use of the index. This study is to examine the index of sustainable residential environment evaluation index. Sustainability can be classified into three different concepts: economic, environmental, and social. Economic sustainability indicates consideration of stable development of the city and regional economy in the future, environmental sustain ability indicates consideration of physical environment to prevent deterioration of future residential environments and social sustainability indicates consideration of preservation of culture and history in communities. The common question in these is how the people who live and act in each community contribute to their future community.