Streptozotocin-당뇨병 백서에서 당뇨병 이환기간에 따른 대동맥의 이완능 저하 및 Oxygen-Free Radical에 의한 이완능의 손상정도

김정국,김신우,김수동,서예경,하승우,김보완,백운이,권삼,강승완 경북대학교 병원 1997 경북대학교병원의학연구소논문집 Vol.1 No.1

목적: 당뇨병의 이환기간이 혈관의 내피세포 의존성 및 비의존성 이완능의 저하에 미치는 영향과 이환기간에 따라 oxygen-free radical(OFR)에 의한 동맥이완능의 손상정도에 차이가 있는지를 알아보고자 하였다. 방법: Streptozotocin(STZ)으로 당뇨병이 유도된 3 주 및 10주째의 백서군과 연령이 비슷한 정상 대조백서군의 적출 대동맥환을 norepinephrine으로 수축시킨 상태에서 내피세포 의존성 이완제인 acetylcholine(ACh) 및 비의존성 이완제인 nitroglycerine(NTG)에 대한 이완능을 즉정하여 비교 관찬하였다. 또한 xanthine과 xanthine oxidase의 혼합으로 생성된 H₂O₂에 대동맥환을 노출시킨뒤 역시 ACh과 NTG에 대한 이완능의 손상정도를 비교하였다. 결과: 3주및 10주째 당뇨병 백서의 대동맥환은 모두 대조군 백서의 대동맥환에 비해 ACh에 대한 이완능이 유의하게 감소하였으며 10주째 당뇨병 백서군에서의 ACh에대한 이완능의 저하는 3 주째 당뇨병 백서군에 비해 유의하게 심하였다.H₂O₂에 노출시킨 뒤 ACh에대한 이완능은 3주 및 10주 째 당뇨병 백서군에서 모두 대조군에 비해 유의하게 심한 손상을 보였으나 3주와 10주째 당뇨병 백서군 사이의 손상정도의 차이가 통계학적으로 유의하지는 않았다. 한편 3주 및 10주째 당뇨병 백서군 모두 NTH에 대한 대동맥환의 이완능은 대조 백서군과 별다른 차이가 없었으며 또 H₂O₂에 노출시킨 뒤에도 NTG에 대한 이완능의 손상은 관찰되지 않았다. 결론: STZ-당뇨병백서에서 대동맥의 이완능은 당뇨병에 이환된지 3 주째에 이미 ACh에 대한 내피세포 의존성 이완능이 선택적으로 저하되며 당뇨병의 이환기간이 길수록 이완능의 저하가 심하였고, OFR에 의한 동맥 이완능의 손상도 내피세포 의존성 이완능에만 선택적으로 나타나나 이환기간에 따라 OFR에 의한 이완능 손상정도에는 뚜렷한 차이가 없음을 시사하고 있다. Objectives: Diabetes mellitus produces histological evidence of endothelial as well as changes in vascular function in experimental animal. Oxygen free radicals interfere with of destroy endothelium-dependent relaxation in normal and diabetic blood vessels. The present study was investigated whether the duration of diabetic state can affect the severity of impairment in endothelium-dependent and/or independent relaxation and the sensitivity to oxygen free fadical (OFR)-induced damage in diabetic rat vasculature. Methods: The relaxative responses of aortic ring precontracted with norepinephrine in vitro to cumulative concentrations of acetylcholine (ACh) and nitroglycerine (NTG) were conducted in 3- and 10- week streptozotocin (STZ)-diabetic rats and agematched controls. After exposure to H₂O₂generated by mixing xanthine and xanthine oxidase, the degree of impairment in relaxative responses to ACh and NTG were also compared between 3- and 10-week diabetic rats. Results: The relaxative responses of aortic rings produced by cumulative concentrations of ACh were significantly lower in both 3- and 10-week diabetic rats than in the age-matched controls. The impairments of relaxative responses to ACh in 10-week diabetic rats were significantly greater than those in 3-week ones. After H₂O₂ exposure, the impairments of relaxative responses to ACh in 3- and 10-week diabetic aortas was also significantly greater than those in the control in the control ones. However, the severity of H₂O₂-induced damage in 10-week diabetic aortas was not significantly different than that in 3-week ones. In contrast, aortic rings of 3- and 10-week diabetic rats could still be fully relaxed by NTG, even after exposure to H₂O₂. Conclusion: These findings suggest that in SRZ-diabetic rat aortas selective impairment of endothelium-dependent relaxation to Ach can be found early even over a 3-week period after the induction of diabetes and the impairment may be greater in those with the longer duration of the diabetic state and that the impairment of the vascular relaxation by OFR is also selective to endothelium-dependent response but the sensitivity of OFR-induced damage may not be related to the duration of the diabetic state.

서해안 조개류의 껍질과 열수 추출물의 무기질 함량

김미정,이예경,김순동 동아시아식생활학회 2001 동아시아식생활학회지 Vol.11 No.4

Yields of shells, appearance of the shellfishes, mineral contents of the shells and their hot water extracts were determined in six shellfishes such as corb shell(CS), short neck clam(SNC), taste clam(TC), ark shell (AS), top shell(TS) and oyster(OY) from the western coast of Korea. Yields of shells in shellfishes were 70.1~80.5% but yields of TC was the lowest as 40.7%. The highest among weight of the shell the shellfishes was the TS(26.2g) and the lowest weight was TC(5.6 g). Colors of CS, SNC, TC, AS, TS and OY were yellowish brown, brown, black, greenish brown and gray, respectively. Ca content of the shell of shellfishes was 36.23-38.78% and the content of K and Na were 0.23~4.54% and 1.48~1.59%, respectively. Contents of Na, Mg, Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu. P and S were in the range of 0.01~0.21%. It also contained heavy metals, such as Pb(1.90~7.75 ppm), Cd(0.5~4.50 ppm), As (1.40~4.30 ppm), Se (0.2~1.50 ppm). Cr(1.00~8.30 ppm) and Hg(0.002~8.2 ppm). Ca content in hot water extracts of shell of shellfish was the highest in TC(2,448 ㎎/100 g). and the lowest in SNC(115 ㎎/100 g). K content in TC extracts was the highest with the levels of 952 ㎎/100 g. P content of TC and SNC were 201 and 0.36 ㎎/100 g, respectively. The contents of Pb, As, Se and Cr were the highest in the extracts of TC and were 110, 40, 90. 20 ㎍/100 g, respectively. But Cd was not detected in the extracts of SNC.

Fabrication of carbon nanofiber electrodes using poly(acrylonitrile‑co‑vinylimidazole) and their energy storage performance

Kyung‑Hye Jung,So Jeong Kim,Ye Ji Son,John P. Ferraris 한국탄소학회 2019 Carbon Letters Vol.29 No.2

For electrodes in electrochemical double-layer capacitors, carbon nanofibers (CNFs) were prepared by thermal treatment of precursor polymer nanofibers, fabricated by electrospinning. Poly(acrylonitrile-co-vinylimidazole) (PAV) was employed as a precursor polymer of carbon nanofibers due to the effective cyclization of PAV polymer chains during thermal treatment compared to a typical precursor, polyacrylonitrile (PAN). PAV solutions with different comonomer compositions were prepared and electrospun to produce precursor nanofibers. Surface images obtained from scanning electron microscopy showed that their nanofibrous structure was well preserved after carbonization. It was also confirmed that electrospun PAV nanofibers were successfully converted to carbon nanofibers after the carbonization step by Raman spectroscopy. Carbon nanofiber electrodes derived from PAV showed higher specific capacitances and energy/power densities than those from PAN, which was tested by coin-type cells. It was also shown that PAV with an acrylonitrile/vinylimidazole composition of 83:17 is most promising for the carbon nanofiber precursor exhibiting a specific capacitance of 114 F/g. Their energy and power density are 70.1 Wh/kg at 1 A/g and 9.5 W/kg at 6 A/g, respectively. In addition, pouch cells were assembled to load the higher amount of electrode materials in the cells, and a box-like cyclic voltammetry was obtained with high capacitances.

보드만의 서술적 접근 학습 방법에 관한 연구

김서경,송예순 부산교육대학교 교육대학원 2003 논문집 Vol.5 No.-

Based on musical concepts acquired through prestudying by students, music teaching leads to the learning and growth of music by expressing and studying of ideas and feelings of musical knowledge and growth deepened and enriched by now learning. As significant standpoints contemporary music education, the musical concepts which give an insight for musical structure are the main contents of the 7th revised Elementary Music Curriculum in National Standards. Even though children react to music intuitively, their reaction depends on understanding of music and acquiring of music concepts. These concepts enable learners to be transferred from the known or unknown to the newly known, generalizing and broadening their knowledge and comprehension of music. Unlike other skills, musical concepts are not learned directly. When children experience them personally by interaction that is affected by topics and those concepts through meaningful activities, they are acquired and learned more efficiently. Therefore, to make musical activities meaningful, listening activities that which can draw musical reaction should be preceded. Thus, this thesis is directed to the reference research on Boardman's descriptive learning which draws musicality and creativity by providing sensible and listening ability and methods that help you understand the concepts through music. In addition it is also directed to the methods that can be applied to practical leaning. Boardman's methods of Descriptive Approach Learning is based on Bruner's Modes of Knowledge Representation, which can design musical growth through the method of representation of thoughts feelings, ideas. Based on the theoretical methods stated above, this thesis analyzed the music textbooks for third, fourth, fifth and sixth graders and divided teaching into three description area describing with movement, visual and verbal images. Each area representation. The strategy was organized in order to be applied to the development of learning of musical behavior in every musical activity in real lessons as either a major activity or a minor one. Moreover, it can possible function as a alternative for music appreciation classes and also show new directions of music teaching by materializing unified link between performance and creation learning activities. It is recommended that more specific and practical methods on Boardman's Generative Approach to Music Learning be researched and accepted, which will generate another succeeding research on unified learning method linked to describing, performing and creating.

유아의 구강관리에 관한 보호자의 인지도 조사

김명진,선예경,심연수 대한소아치과학회 2000 大韓小兒齒科學會誌 Vol.27 No.2

전반적인 유아의 구강관리에 관한 보호자의 인지도를 알아 보고, 이를 통한 구강관리에 대한 동기유발을 목적으로 1998년 7월부터 1998년 8월까지 삼성서울병원 소아과에 내원한 아동과 강남구 일원동 일대 유치원 및 어린이집 8곳의 만 3세 이하 아동 350명의 보호자를 대상으로 시행한 설문 조사를 통해 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1.남성보다는 여성이, 그리고 교육정도가 높을수록 치과 지식정도가 높았으며, 연령이나 경제 수준과는 무관하게 나타났다. 2.치아의 생성시기에 대해 응답자의 59%가 태아기라고 답하였다. 3.구강관리 시작시기는 응답자의 76%가 맹출 전이라고 하였으며, 63%가 실제로 만 1세 미만에 구강관리를 시작한다고 하였다. 4.구강관리 방법에 대해 응답자의 70%가 거즈를 사용한다고 하였다. 5.응답자의 57%가 만 1세 이후에도 계속 수유한다고 하였다. 6.우유병 우식증에 대한 인지도는 45%로 나타났다. 7.유치수복의 필요성에 대하여서는 90%가 필요하다고 하였으며, 31%에서 최초의 치과 내원시기를 만 2세 경이라고 하였다. 8.47%의 보호자가 치아우식이 감염성 질환임을 인식하지 못하였다. 9.응답자의 33%만이 임신 중 치과 검진을 받았다고 하였고, 소아과나 산부인과에서 구강관리에 관한 지도를 받은 것은 11% 뿐이었다. 10.주로 육아 서적에서 유아의 구강관리에 관한 정보를 얻는 것으로 나타났다. 11.보호자들의 전반적인 치과지식과 실천정도는 유아들에게 적절한 구강관리를 제공하기에 충분치 않은 것으로 나타났다. 주요어 : 유아, 구강건강관리, 부모, 교육

맥문동 물 추출물을 첨가한 바게트 빵의 품질 특성 및 당뇨유발 흰쥐의 혈당, 혈청지질에 미친 효과

이예경,이명예,김순동 동아시아식생활학회 2004 동아시아식생활학회지 Vol.14 No.3

The quality characteristics of baguette bread added with water extracts of Liriopis tuber(LT) and effect of the diets containing 20% dried and powered baguette with 10% LT on the level of blood sugar and lipids in the diabetes induced rat by streptozotocin were investigated. pH of the dough added with 5~10% LT was 5.00~5.03 which were lower than that of control(5.12). The volume of the dough with 10% LT after 2nd fermentation was the biggest. Loaf volume index of the bread with 10% LT was significantly higher than that of control. L^(*) values of outside and inside of the baguette decreased in proportion to the increase of the LT, while the a^(*) values increased. Color of the bread with LT showed light dark-red. There was no significant difference in hardness, but springiness and gumminess were higher in the bread with 10% LT. Sweet taste increased, color acceptability and overall taste were enhanced by addition of LT, but it did not affect the sour and astringent taste. The overeating phenomenon showed in the diabetes rat decreased in the group fed with baguette bread with LT, while feed efficiency increased by feeding of the bread with LT. The level of glucose, neutral lipid and total cholesterol in blood were 118.92, 95.47 and 37.42 ㎎/dL in the control group, 245.60, 121.54 and 102.43 ㎎/dL in the diabetes control, 148.40, 103.25 and 57.63 ㎎/dL in the baguette diet group, respectively. There was no significant difference of HTR between control group and baguette diet group, while atherogenic index was considerably decreased, which might represent improving and preventing effects of diabetes.

일 지역 농업인의 근력강화운동이 정신사회 및 신체적 건강수준에 미치는 영향

정민예,양노열,유인규,고상백,이경숙,김경란,김효철 大韓産業醫學會 2008 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.20 No.4

목적 농업인을 대상으로 근골격계질환의 예방과 관리를 위한 근력강화운동을 실시하여 심리상태와 신체능력에 미치는 효과를 밝힘으로써 농작업과 관련된 향후 치료프로그램의 기초자료를 제공하고자 하였다 방법 규칙적인 운동프로그램의 참여 경험이 없는 농작업 종사자 28명을 대상으로 8주간 주 3회 근력강화운동을 실시하여 4주 이상 규칙적으로 참여한 대상자의 정신사회적 수준(자아존중감 사회심리적 스트레스) 신체적 수준(장악력 민첩성 동 정적 균형능력 근지구력) 요통 수준의 변화를 측정하였다 결과 근력강화운동에 참여한 대상자들의 자아존중감은 운동전에 비하여 유의하게 향상되었고 사회 심리적 스트레스는 유의하게 감소하였다 장악력 민첩성 동 정적균형능력은 운동 후 모두 유의하게 향상되었으며 요통 수준 또한 유의하게 감소하였다 결론 농업인에게 근력강화운동의 적용은 심리적인 안정을 주고 신체능력을 향상시켜 근골격계질환을 예방하고 관리하는데 적합한 치료프로그램으로 사용될 수 있으며 요통 수준을 감소시키는데 유용한 프로그램이었다. Objectives To evaluate both the psychosocial and physical effects of muscle strengthening exercise on farmers and in so doing evaluate their effect on musculoskeletal disorders in farmers. Methods 28 subjects participated in our muscle strengthening exercise program. Mean age of subjects was 63±13 years. The exercise program was performed 3 times a week during the 8 week studys period Before and after training various measurements were made self esteem scale (SES), psychosocial well being index short form (PWI SF), static and dynamic balance ability grip strength arm curl, time up and go (TUG), functional reach, and oswestry disability index. Results The muscle strengthening exercise program increased the self esteem grip strength and static and dynamic balance of subjects, while psychosocial stress and low back pain levels were decreased significantly (P<0.05) Conclusions The muscle strengthening exercise improved psychosocial and physical status of test subjects. Thus exercise may be an effective strategy for enhancing the psychosocial and physical health of farmers.

미세알부민뇨를 동반한 인슐린 비의존성 당뇨병 환자에서 혈장 Endothelin의 변화

서예경,정상원,남직화,신병호,전종민,김정국,김동희,하승우,김보완 慶北大學校 醫科大學 1996 慶北醫大誌 Vol.37 No.3

목적 : 혈관내피세포에서 생성되는 endothelin(ET)는 강력한 혈관수축작용을 가진 펩타이드로 당뇨병 환자에서 혈관내피세포의 손상여부에 따라 혈중 농도가 증가할 수 있으며 혈관합병증과 관련이 있다는 보고가 있다. 그러나. 혈중 ET치의 상승과 당뇨병성 합병증의 상관성에 대해서는 논란이 많다. 이에 저자들은 인슐린 비의존성 당뇨병 환자에서 미세알부민뇨의 동반유무에 따른 혈중 ET치의 변화 및 혈장 ET치와 요중 알부민 배설률과의 상관성을 검토하였다. 대상 및 방법 : 인슐린 비의존성 당뇨병 환자중 미세알부민뇨를 보인 22명과 정상알부민뇨를 보인 43명을 대상으로 하였으며 혈장 ET를 측정하여 요중 알부민 배설률, 당뇨병성 망막증 및 당뇨병 관련인자들과의 관계를 비교하였다. 결과 : 당뇨병성 망막증이 합병된 군에서 망막증이 합병되지 않은 군에 비하여 혈장 ET치가 유의하게 높았던 반면 (각각 1.9±0.66, 1.5±0.76pg/㎖, p<0.05) 미세알부민뇨를 보인 군과 정상알부민뇨를 보인 군사이에 혈장 ET치는 통계학적으로 유의한 차이가 없었다(각각 1.9±1.14, 1.7±0.69pg/㎖). 또한 요중 알부민 배설률과 혈장 ET치 사이에 유의한 상관관계는 없었으며 미세알부민뇨를 동반한 인슐린 비의존성 당뇨병 환자군에서 혈장 ET치는 당뇨병의 관련인자들과도 유의한 상관관계가 없었다. 결론 : 인슐린 비의존 당뇨병 환자에서 혈장 ET치가 초기 당뇨병성 신증의 합병여부나 미세알부민뇨의 정도를 반영하기는 어려울 것임을 시사한다. Background : Endothelin(ET), a potent vasoconstritor peptide released from vascular endothelial cells, is known to be increased in diabetic patients with vascular damage and related with diabetic angiopathy. However, whether plasma ET levels may be related to diabetic complications is controversial. We studied the change of ET levels in non-insulin dependent diabetics with microalbuminuria and relation between ET and urinary albumin excretion rate. Methods : Plasma ET levels of 22 non-insulin dependent diabetics with microalbuminuria and 43 patients with normoalbuminuria were measured and relations of plasma ET to diabetic complications such as urinary albumin excretion rate, retinopathy and other associated factors were studied. Results : Plasma ET levels were significantly higher in patients with diabetic retinopathy than those without retinopathy(1.9 ± 0.66 vs 1.5 ± 0.76 pg/㎖. p<0.05). The difference, however, between diabetics with and without microalbuminuria was not significant(1.9 ± 1.14 vs 1.7 ± 0.69 pg/㎖). There were no correlations of plasma ET to urinary albumin excretion rate and to the other associated factors in non-insulin dependent diabetics. Conclusion : These results suggest that plasma ET levels may not seem to act as a predictor of diabetic nephropathy or microalbuminuria in non-insulin dependent diabetics.

다핵자 전달을 하는 중이온 핵반응 연구

정의헌,김경훈,김병택 성균관대학교 기초과학연구소 1987 論文集 Vol.38 No.2

We apply the massive transfer reaction theory to the heavy-ion reactions which show that the most part of projectile have been transferred to the target nucleus. We show that this theory explains well data measured with the ^14N projectile.

모빅 캡슐(멜록시캄 7.5㎎)에 대한 멜락스 캡슐의 생물학적동등성

이예리,염승복,고연정,고정길,김호현,이희주,이경률 한국약제학회 2004 Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation Vol.34 No.5

A bioequivalence of Melax capsules (Chong Kun Dang Pharm., Korea) and Mobic™ capsules (Boehringer Ingelheim Korea) was evaluated according to the guideline of Korea Food and Drug Administration (KFDA). Single 15 mg dose of meloxicam of each medicine was administered orally to 24 healthy male volunteers. This study was performed in a 2 x 2 crossover design. Concentrations of meloxicam in human plasma were monitored by a high-performance liquid chromatography. AUC, (the area under the plasma concentration-time curve from time zero to 72 hr) was calculated by the linear trapezoidal rule method. C_(max) (maximum plasma drug concentration) and T_(max) (time to reach Cma,.) were compiled from the plasma concentration-time data. Analysis of variance was performed using logarithmically transformed AUC, and C_(max). No significant sequence effect was found for all of the bioavailability parameters. The 90% confidence intervals of the AUCt ratio and the C_(max) ratio for Melax™/Mobic™ were 0.95 - 1.04 and 0.98 - 1.14, respectively. This study demonstrated a bioequivalence of Melax™ and Mobic™ with respect to the rate and extent of absorption.