생분해성 폴리락티드/글리콜리드 미립구를 이용한 재조합 소 성장호르몬(rBST)의 지속성주사제 설계

전홍렬,이봉상,권도우,윤미경,전현주,신택환,최영욱 한국약제학회 2002 Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation Vol.32 No.3

In order to develope a sustained release formulation of bovine somatotropin(BST), which has been used to increase the body weight of oxen or the milk production of dairy cows, poly(D,L-lactide-co-glyceride)(PLGA) microspheres were made by W/O/W multiple emulsification method and solvent extraction method. Physical properties including particle size, drug entrapment, drug release, protein denaturation, and in vivo body weight increase in rats were characterized. The size of the microspheres was increased as the molecular weight of PLGA increased. When Span 65 and stearic acid during preparation were added, the size was decreased but the amount of surface protein was increased, resulting in a high loading efficiency, with fast release of BST from the microspheres. Aggregation of fragmentation of BST by SDS-PAGE during microspheres preparation and drug release study was not observed. Body weight of Sprague-Dawley's male rats was significantly increased after subcutaneous administrations of BST-loaded PLGA microspheres. There was a good correlation between in vivo weight gain and vitro release rate of microspheres. PLGA microspheres with a high surface protein ratio could be a good candidate for the sustained delivery of BST.

자궁내막에 발생한 점막 연관 림프조직 (MALT) 림프종 1예

전균호,조현진,박성균,김천복,김대연,김종혁,김용만,김영탁,목정은,남주현 대한부인종양 콜포스코피학회 2003 Journal of Gynecologic Oncology Vol.14 No.4

Non-Hodgkin's 림프종의 약 40%는 결절외(extranodal) 림프종으로 대개 위장관에서 발생하며 이들 중 점막 연관 림프조직(mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue: MALT)에서 기원한 림프종은 MALT 림프종으로 분류된다. 위 외의 부위에서 원발성으로 발생하는 MALT 림프종은 매우 드물지만 실제 거의 모든 신체 장기에 발생하는 것으로 알려져 있는데, 가장 흔한 부위인 위 외에도 폐, 갑상선, 침샘, 눈물샘에 발생하고, 드물게 안구, 유방, 방광, 신장, 흉선 등에도 보고된 바 있다. MALT 림프종은 오랜 기간동안 원격 전이하지 않고 국소 병변으로 남아 있는 특징이 있어 치료 방향 또한 국소 병변의 치료에 집중되며, 예후도 림프절 기원의 림프종에 비해 양호한 것으로 알려져 있다. 본 저자 등은 자궁 내막에 원발성으로 발생한 MALT 림프종 1예를 경험하였기에 문헌 고찰과 함께 이를 보고하고자 한다. Mucosa associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma can rarely develop primarily in extranodal sites other than stomach which is the most common site for it. Other rare primary sites are small intestine, colorectum, esophagus, lung, thyroid, salivary gland, lacrymal gland, breast and skin. MALT lymphoma represents a distinct clinicopathologic features: it is usually localized to their original site for a long time and shows much more favorable prognosis than lymphoma at other site, but some MALT lymphoma can arise simultaneously or successively in different organ or give rise to another MALT lymphoma of other organ and can be multifocally disseminated or recurred. We report a very rare case of high grade B-cell lymphoma of mucosa associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) of the uterine endometrium, which was confirmed by immunohistochemical assay.

[논문]교원성과상여금제도 운영의 자율성 확대 방안 연구

전제상,주현준,이재훈 교육혁신학술위원회 2010 교육혁신연구 Vol.20 No.2

이 연구는 효과적인 교원성과상여금제도 운영을 위한 자율성 확대 방안을 탐색하는 데 목적이 있다. 이러한 연구목적을 달성하기 위해 문헌연구, 설문조사, 전문가협의회를 토대로 자율성 확대의 논리 구조를 분석하고, 자율성 확대와 관련된 내용에 대한 교원 및 교육전문직의 인식을 조사하였다. 분석 결과, 자율성 확대를 위해서는 내부의 자율적인 통제기제로서 적절한 책무성 강화가 필요한 것으로 나타났고, 운영과정 전반에 대한 집단 간 인식차이가 큰 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 교원성과상여금제도 운영의 자율성 확대를 위한 방안으로 정보공시제 등을 활용한 책무성 제고, 교원성과상여금 심사위원회의 구성과 운영과정 재정비, 학교(기관)단위성과급제 도입의 신중한 검토 등을 제시하였다. The purpose of this study is to explore the autonomy of performance-based pay for school teachers in Korea. In order to achieve this objective, two major research studies were conducted. First, this study conceptualized the rationale of autonomy through reviewing the literatures on performance-based pay for school teachers. Second, this study analyzed teachers' and directors' perspectives by conducting a survey and expert group interview. The major findings of this study are as follows: 1) the autonomy and accountability are closely related to the performance-based pay, 2) it is identified the different perspectives among the members. The suggestions to the autonomy of performance-based pay for school teachers are as follows: 1) enhancing accountability, 2) redesigning democratic management process, 3) deliberate considering a group-based performance award system.

정원으로 건축하기 : 루이스 바라간의 정원개념을 중심으로

전주현 경기대학교 건축전문대학원 2007 경기대학교 건축대학원 논문집 Vol.11 No.-

루이스 바라간 건축을 통해 '정원'이라는 개념을 주목하고 그 정원의 리서치 research를 통해 형식과 의미를 찾고자 한다. 정원(庭園, garden)이란. 헤브라이어의 gan과 oden 또는 eden의 합성어다. gan은 울타리 또는 둘러싸는 공간이나 둘러싸는 행위를 의미하고, oden은 즐거움이나 기쁨을 의미한다. 따라서 서구적인 정원의 의미, 미적인 가치를 얻으려고 경계를 한정지은 것이라 할 수 있다. 정원이라는 어원이 말해 두듯이 '무엇을 둘러쳐 기쁨을 얻게 하는 기술이다'라는 것을 알게 되었다. 경계를 치고 기쁨을 얻기 위해서는 질서 잡히고 않은 자연을 질서 잡고 길들어지지 않은 난폭악한 것을 비인공적 사물의 속성들을 인간의 미학으로 다스려서 나타낸 것이 '정원'이다. 결국 정원의 본질에 대한 정원의 내에 무언가 경계를 둘러쳐 기쁨을 얻게 하는 기술을 찾아내는 방법과 기술이 어떻게 얻을 것인가? 이다. 본 논문은 바라간의 건축작법에서 핵심 역할을 맡고 있는 정원에 주목하여 '무엇을 둘러쳐 기쁨을 만들어내기'라는 본디의 뜻에 기댄 채, 바라간 건축에서 읽어낼 수 있는 기하학, 색, 면(혹은 벽) 등과 같은 것으로써 '자연적인 무엇'을 걸러내어 즐거운 풍경을 빚어내는 다양한 공간 접기의 가능성을 제시한다. This study examined concept of 'garden' based on Luis Barragan architecture to investigate forms and values by researching the garden. The garden consisted of both gan and oden or eden in the Hebrew language: 'gan' indicated fence, surrounding space and surrounding itself while 'oden' did pleasure and happiness. Therefore, a boundary was constructed to get aesthetic values of the Western garden. As the origin of word of garden said, garden was 'a technology to get pleasure by surrounding something'. To construct a boundary and get pleasure, 'the garden' governed attributes of non-artificial objects having no order to be rough by using men's aesthetics. How could people get methods and technologies to find out pleasure by surrounding a boundary at the garden? The work paid attention to the garden that played important role at Luis Barragan's architecture, and it relied upon 'making pleasure by surrounding' to produce 'natural things' by using geometric, colors and sides (or walls),etc that could be found at Barragan's architecture, and it suggested a variety of space folding that could produce pleasant landscape.

게임 엔진에 지능적 구성 요소를 통합하는 제어 구조에 대한 연구

전현주,유견아 덕성여자대학교 자연과학연구소 2007 자연과학 논문집 Vol.13 No.-

최근 게임 개발자들의 관심을 끄는 기술은 게임 사용자들과 상호작용을 하는 게임 캐릭터의 개발에 필요한 인공지능이라고 할 수 있다. 이미 게임을 위해 복잡한 임무에 대한 계획을 세운다거나 일련의 동작 과정을 미리 결정하는 인공지능 기술들이 개발된 바 있는데 입력받은 정보에 대해 실시간 작업을 수행하도록 설계된 게임엔진과의 차이를 극복하고 통합할 수 있는 구조에 대한 연구가 필요하다. 본 논문에서는 인공지능 구성요소에서 생성된 계획을 기존의 게임엔진에서 인식할 수 있는 언어로 해석해주는 동작 생성기의 역할과 게임엔진의 실행에 의해 변화된 환경을 인지하 고 두 요소 사이의 일관성을 유지시켜주는 역할을 동시에 할 수 있는 동작제어구조를 제안한다.

한 농촌지역 학교보건의 현왕과 재선방안에 관한 연구

김현주,박항배,최보율,노학재,신영전 韓國學校保健學會 1996 韓國學校保健學會誌 Vol.9 No.1

This research has incorporated a postal survey from the principals, nurse-charging teachers and nurse-teachers of the fiftyfive elementary, middle and high school in Yang-pyeong county area where its supplementary rate nurse-teachers is less than adequate. It is to analyse the current status of the school health service in the area and to come out with a plan to improve the school health program through the participations of the health related experts of the local community. The survey was done in the two months of periods of April to May of 1994. The result of the survey follows. The student population in the Yang-pyeong county area is 13,998 and the school employee population is 904 which counts for about 19.2% of the whole population of the area. However, the supplementary rate nurse-teachers is only 10.8% (4 in 5 schools) which is very low in terms of relativity. School health committee only exist in 17% of the whole number of schools in the area and 50 of school health commitee answered that their activity do not meet the adequate level. Only 54.3% of the whole school numbers has included the shool health finance in their financial plans and the amount set for school health finance is about 500,000 wons (100,000~1,600,000 wons). 64.9% of the schools in the Yang-pyeong county area have the permanent nursing room established in the school. But, often than the equipment for a simple physical examinations, their supply of the health related equipments are less than adequate. Particitations of school doctor in the school health service is at only 67.6% which pretty much include only the physical examinations. Nurse-charging teachers consider their utmost important role is to teach health education but, they answered that they spent most of their times and efforts on physical examinations & immunizations. The average number of students visition to the nursing room is 2.5 persons and complains for basic discomfort as headache, concussion, stomachache and indigestion problems and usual pills used are the analgesics and digestives. Physical examination is done in the most schools every year but, 51.4% of nurse-charging teachers answered the physical examination does not really help. About the emergency treatment ability, 75.7% reports that both manpower & equipment are short. The school food services are present in only 8 schools (21.6%) but, 89.2% of nurse-charging teachers answer that there is a definite need of the food service. The survey says that the utmost important environmental health and safety factors are the traffic accidents followed by improper heat system, lighting, the stools and desks that do not consider the student physical status. The overall evaluation of school health program reports that there are adequate physical examination, immunization, environmental hygiene, and management of safety but, on the other hand, health education, health councelling & management of nursing room are not managed properly. The principals of the survey pool report shortage of public agency support, lack of understanding of school health, shortage of nursing equipments and school health finance as the barrier factors of school health. The nurse-charging teachers report on the same questions as their less than qualitifying expertise, extraload of work upon the nursing affairs, shortage of nursing equipments & school health finance. The head masters & nurse-charging teachers answered that they are desperate for the meetings of nurse-charging teachers, construction of school health councelling system & training education in order to improve school health and if these are available, they will actively participate in them. After the careful analysis of the survey result, it is apparent that through thr relations of the manpowers, establishment of community-oriented school health is definitely in need rural area where there is low supplementary rate of nurse-teachers and poor school health environment.

국가정신보건정책안의 우선 순위에 관한 전문가 설문조사

신영전,남정현,유원섭,이선영,유주영 漢陽大學校 精神健康硏究 2000 精神健康硏究 Vol.19 No.-

게껍질 Chitin 및 Chitosan의 소화관내 기능성에 관한 in vitro 연구

장현주,전동원,이서래 이화여자대학교 생명과학연구소 1994 생명과학연구논문집 Vol.5 No.-

반응 조건을 달리하여 게껍질에서 chitin을 추출하고 이를 탈아세틸화하여 chitosan을 제조하였으며, 이들의 물리, 화학적 특성과 소호관내 기능성을 in vitro법으로 실시하였다. 이들 chitin질의 bulk density는 127~208㎎/㎖, 정도는 0.1% chitin의 경우 80~581 cP, 0.5% chitosan은 80~3,670 cP로 다양한 수치를 나타냈으며, chitosan의 탈아세틸화도는 81~93%로 비교적 높았다. Chitosan 제조시의 알칼리 농도와 반응 온도가 일정할 때 반응 시간이 경과할수록 탈아세틸화도는 증가하였고, 점도는 감소하는 경향을 보였다. Chitin질의 보수력은 온도 상승에 따라 약간 상승하였고, 37℃ 에서 chitosan D가 가장 높았으며, bulk density가 낮을수록 높은 보수력을 나타냈다. Glucose 흡수 억제 효과는 bulk density가 낮고 보수력이 큰 chitin질이 더 컸고 chitosan D가 가장 높은 38%를 나타냈다. Chitin질의 bile acid 흡수억제 효과는 투석 1시간 후에 15~34%를 나타냈고, pectin은 39%, cellulose는 9%를 나타냈으며 chitosan D는 3% 농도에서 34%의 가장 높은 억제 효과를 나타냈다. Chitin and chitosan samples prepard from crab's shells under different conditions were compared for their physicochemical properties and functionality in gastrointestinal tract by in vitro test. Their bulk density was in the range of 127~208 ㎎/㎖, and their viscosity was 80~581 cP in 0.1% chitin and 80~3,670 cP in 0.5% chitosan solution, showing a wide variation. The degree of deacetylation in chitosan samples as determined by IR spectral analysis was relatively high, showing 81~93%. At the same alkali concentration and reaction temperature, a longer reaction period gave an increased degree of deacetylation and lower viscosity. The water holding capacity of chitic substance became greater at higher soaking temperature; chitosan D at 37℃ showed the greatest value. Chitic substance with lower bulk density showed the higher water holding capacity. The retardation effect toward glucose absorption was higher in chitic substances of lower density and higher water holding capacity; chitosan D showed the highest value of 38%. The retardation index toward bile acid absorption after 1 hour dialysis was 15~34% in chitic substances, 39% in pectin and 9% in cellulose. The retarding effect showed the highest value of 34% in chitosan D at 3% concentration.

림프종으로 오인된 위 매독 1 예

김병규;전태주;박지영;서희영;오태훈;김현정 인제대학교 2011 仁濟醫學 Vol.32 No.-

Syphilis is a chronic systemic infectious disease caused by Treponema pallidum. Syphilitic involvement of the stomach can occur via the blood flow in the primary or secondary period of syphilis, but its incidence is very rare. Gastric syphilis should be considered in patients at risk of sexually transmitted disease who complains of abdominal pain, nausea and vomiting and in whom unusual endoscopic or radiographic features are found. Because gastric syphilis has no pathognomic clinical findings and it can simulate gastric cancer or lymphoma, it’ s not so easy to diagnose. If diagnosed, however, gastric syphilis can be easily treated with proper antibiotics. We report on a case of gastric syphilis that manifested epigastric pain, anorexia and weight loss. It was initially thought to be lymphoma, but it was correctly diagnosed by serologic testing and progress.

전신성 홍반성 루프스 환자에서 발생한 자가 면역성 간염 1례

김준재,백나나,김현정,전태주,서동대,오태훈,최원충 인제대학교 2008 仁濟醫學 Vol.29 No.-

SLE 환자에서 간 효소 수치의 상승은 여러 가지 원인에 의하여 드물지 않게 관찰될 수 있다. 이 중 자가 면역 기전에 의해 발생되는 질환으로 자가 면역성 간염과 SLE에 동반된 간염이 있으며, 두 가지 질환의 감별은 환자의 예후 및 치료에 중요하다. 따라서 간 조직 검사를 포함한 정확한 진단 기준으로 조기에 진단하여야 하며, 이에 따른 적절한 치료를 통해서 간 부전 및 비가역적 간경변증으로 진행을 방지할 수 있을 것으로 사료된다. Patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) have a 25-50% chance of developing abnormal liver tests in their lifetime and various causes are related to elevation of liver enzyme, such as hepatic involvement of lupus, hepatotoxic drug, viral infection, autoimmune hepatitis and so on. Discrimination of autoimmune hepatitis from SLE-associated hepatitis is important because complications and therapy are quite different, although both are autoimmune syndromes. Here we are presenting a case of SLE patient with type I autoimmune hepatitis proved with liver biopsy.