민간공원특례사업의 추진에 따른 사업특성에 관한 연구

권영달,박현빈,김동필,Gweon, Young-Dal,Park, Hyun-Bin,Kim, Dong-Pil 한국조경학회 2021 韓國造景學會誌 Vol.49 No.5

본 연구는 도시공원 일몰의 대응수단으로 추진 중인 전국의 민간공원특례사업을 대상으로 지자체 및 공원현황, 사업특성과 시행 등에 관련된 내용을 세부적으로 분류 후 비교·분석하여 제도시행 후 진행되어진 지자체별 사업을 점검하고, 그 가운데 제도의 의미와 보완점을 구축하고자 실시하였다. 분석결과로서 첫째, 전국에서 시행 중인 민간공원특례사업은 주로 인구 10만명 이상의 도시에서 시행되어 군 지역이나 지방소도시의 적용에는 한계성이 있었다. 이에 특례제도를 일괄적으로 적용하기보다 지자체의 특성과 규모를 고려한 제도 적용의 유연성이 필요할 것으로 판단되어졌다. 둘째, 공원조성 기부채납 방식에 의한 현재의 특례사업은 공동주택 위주의 단조로운 개발유형을 나타내고 있어, 이의 개선을 위해 공원부지만 매입하여 기부 채납하는 공원 보전형 방식 등을 도입하여 개발의 다양화를 도모할 필요가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 공원의 유형과 면적이 한정되어 사업대상에 한계를 보이고 있어, 대도시 도심지내 이용도가 높고 접근성이 좋은 공원들까지 포함할 수 있도록 면적기준을 5만m² 이하까지 완화할 필요가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 넷째, 특례사업의 대상지가 대부분 산지형 공원으로 자연지형 및 스카이라인의 훼손 우려가 있어 공원별 입지특성을 고려한 건폐율과 용적률을 별도 조례를 설정하여 적용하는 것과 비공원시설 유형별 건축 가이드라인을 세부적으로 설정하여 공원과 공존할 수 있는 개발접근이 이루어져야 할 것이다. 향후 과제로는 첫째, 전국의 민간공원특례사업이 완료된 후, 각 사업별 수익률을 데이터화 하여 향후 유사사업의 적정수익률에 대한 기준을 설정하고, 초과이익분의 환수 등 제도적 기준을 마련하며, 둘째, 사업기간의 단축을 위해 지자체별 TF팀 구성, 통합심의 전환, 제안단계에서 환경성 검토 도입 등이 검토되어야 할 것이다. 셋째, 지자체는 민간협의체를 구성을 제도화하여 협치시스템을 통한 사업의 효율적 관리를 도모하고, 넷째, 특례공원의 기부채납 이후 유지관리에 대한 로드맵을 수립하여, 시민이 함께 하는 시민 참여형 공원 운영·관리방안 모델의 도입을 검토하여야 할 것으로 나타났다. This study was conducted to examine and analyze local governments, park status, project characteristics, and the implementation in detail for private park special projects across the country as a means of responding to the sunsetting of urban parks. As a result of the analysis, first, the private park special project, was found to be mainly implemented in cities with a population of more than 100,000, so there was a limit to the application on military installations or in local small cities. Therefore, rather than applying the special system collectively, it was judged that institutional flexibility, considering the characteristics and size of local government, was needed. Second, the current special projects by the park creation donation collection method shows monotonous development centered on apartment houses, so it is necessary to diversify the development by introducing a park preservation method that purchases and donates park sites. Third, it was found that the area standard needs to be eased to less than 50,000m² to include parks with high utilization and good accessibility in urban areas of large cities, as the type and area of parks are limited. Fourth, most special projects are mountain parks, which are feared to damage the natural terrain and skyline, so separate ordinances should be established and applied, and development approaches should be made to allow nature and parks to coexist with the setting of detailed building guidelines for each type of facility. The guidelines should include, first, after the nationwide private park special projects are completed, standards for appropriate returns for similar projects should be established, institutional standards such as the recovery of excess profits should be established, and environmental reviews should be conducted. Second, it was found that local governments should institutionalize the composition of private consultations to promote the efficient management of projects through a cooperative system, and third, a roadmap for maintenance after the donation of special parks should be established.

韓國産 野生草花에 관한 硏究 : 동의나물, 모데미풀, 피나물을 中心으로 With special reference to Caltha plaustris var. membrancea, Megaleran-this saniculifolia, Hylomecon vernale

申永澈,金在佶,李東珍,朴永達 충북대학교 농업과학기술연구소 1995 農業科學硏究 Vol.12 No.2

The primary purpose of this study is to investigate user's recreation experience satisfication and user's evaluation of forest landscape in Uam natural park. Another purpose of this study is to suggest directions for enhancing forest scenic beauty for every seasons. The data were collected by self- administered questionnaires from 182 users is SAM- IL park where main entrance of the Uam park. This study primarily consists of two phases : 1. The presentation of users' characterics. 2. The analysis of forest landscape in natural park. The majority of the respondents(68.3%) Prefered to reforestation. They also perceived that the scenic beauty of the park was satisfactiory. There were differences in users' satisfaction levels of scenic beauty for the park due to their socio-economic background.

重化學工業機械의 國産化方案에 關한 硏究 : 特히 窯業에 있어서의 燒成爐, 粉碎機, 排風機, 冷却機, 電氣集마器 自動枰量供給器 等의 製作을 目的으로

趙哲衡,朴碩喆,丁太權,宋鐵,桭達福,金基玉,朴煥奎,趙煥從,朴善鐘,金種一,李茂錫 朝鮮大學校 1977 綜合論文集 Vol.1977 No.-

This is to investigate the posibility of home manufacturing of heavy chemical industry machines, such as rotary kiln, crusher, blower, cooler, electrostatic precipitator and weighing feeder of cement plant. It is concluded that even though we can not make all of them (some of them are made now and some others are going to be made in the near future, some of them are made whole and some others are made partially), we can build or export the cement plant by importing the important machines which we can not make now and by substituting them with ours gradually.

한의진단명과 진단요건의 표준화 연구 III : 3차년도 연구결과 보고

최선미,양기상,최승훈,박경모,박종현,심범상,김성우,노석선,이인선,정진홍,이진용,김달래,임형호,김윤범,박성식,송태원,김종우,이승기,최윤정,신순식 한국한의학연구원 1997 한국한의학연구원논문집 Vol.3 No.1

The diagnostic requirements were suggested and explained regarding the systems of differentiation of symptoms and signs in the third year study of standardization and unification of the terms and conditions used for diagnosis in oriental medicine. The systems were as follows : - analyzing and differentiating of epidemic febrile disease - analyzing and differentiating in accordance with the Sasang constitution medicine based on four-type recognition - differentiation of disease according to pathological changes of Chong and Ren channels - standards for diagnosis of women's disease - standards for diagnosis of children's disease - standards for diagnosis of motor and sensor disturbance (-muscle. born, joint, etc.) - standards for diagnosis of neuropsychiatric disease - standards for diagnosis of five sense organ disease - standards for diagnosis of external disease The indivisual diagnosis pattern was arranged by the diagnostic requirements in the following order : another name, notion of diagnosis pattern, index of differentiation of symptoms and signs, the main point of diagnosis, analysis of diagnosis pattern, discrimination of diagnosis pattern, prognosis, a way of curing a disease, prescription, herbs in common use, disease appearing the diagnosis pattern, documents. The standards for diagnosis of each disease was arranged by the diagnostic requirements in the following order : another name, notion of disease, the main point of diagnosis, analyzing and differentiating of disease, analysis of disease, discrimination of disease, prognosis, a way of curing and prescription of disease, disease in western medicine appearing the disease in oriental medicine, documents.

인천지역 강하분진의 발생특성에 관한 연구

박경환,서광석,민달기,장재선,김종규 京畿專門大學 1994 京畿專門大學 論文集 Vol.- No.22

積聚에 關한 文獻的 考察

朴明得,崔達永 대한동의병리학회 1997 동의생리병리학회지 Vol.11 No.1

惡性腫瘍이란 생체조직의 일부가 끊임없이 비정상적이고 계속적으로 과잉발육하는 것으로 1988년부터 전체 사망원인 제 1위를 차지하게 되어 국민보건문제중 중요문제로 대두하게 되었으며, 最近 韓醫學에서도 腫瘍에 대한 硏究가 活潑히 進行되고 있으나 아직 確實한 治療法이나 治療藥物에 대한 硏究는 未備한 實情이다. 따라서 著者는 腫瘍治療에 대한 韓方臨床活用에 도움이 되고자 腫瘍이 積聚의 範疇에서 取扱된다는 점에 着眠하여 積聚의 病因, 病機 및 治法에 關하여 歷代文獻을 中心으로 硏究考察하였다. 1. According to my study, because of Uh-Hyeol(瘀血; blood stasis), Dam-Yin(痰飮; phelgm-retention diseases), Yin-Sik-Bu-Jei(飮食不節; irregular diet), Chil-jeng-Son-Sang(七情損傷; seven modes of emotions), Gi-Ge-BUl-SI(起居不時; irregular life style), miss treatment of Nae-Sang-Oih-Gam-Ki-Wol(內傷外感氣鬱; disorder of internal organs, disease of cause by exogenous pathogenic factor, depressed vital energy), Oh-Jeok(五積) is produced. 2. The pathogenical mechanisms of Juk-Chui(積聚) is the accumalation of phegm, which is caused by the jam of Ki function, and blood stasis, caused by bad circulation. 3. Oh-Jeok(五積) connected with Oh-Jang(五臟; five viscera) can be divided as Gan-Jeok(肝積-肥氣; lump located at the left hypochondrium), Sini-Jeok(心積-伏粱), Bi-Jeok(脾積-비기; feeling of fullness in the chest or upper abdomen), Pyei-jeok(肺積-息實; lump located in the right hypochondrium), Sin-Jeok(賢積-奔豚; a syndrome characterized by a feeling of gas rushing up though the thorax to the thoat from lower) and they have characteristic position and symptom as follows. Gan-Jeok(肝積) is located in left hypochondrium, Sim-Jeok(心積) in upper umbilicus, Bi-Jeok(肝積) in umbillicus, Pyei-Jeok(肺積) in right hypochondrium. 4. Summarising the method of Juk-Chui(積聚) treatments, the methods are Bwo-Jeong-Beob(扶正法; supporting normal body energy) and Geo-Sa-Beob(祛邪法; eliminating the evil factors) and it is acknowledged that I-gi(理氣; the methods of regulating vital energy), Hoal-Hyeol(活血; promoting blood circulation), So-Jeok(消積; dispersing), Hoa-Eo(化瘀), Hoa-Dam(化痰; dissipating phlegm), Hae-Wol(解鬱) are used in Geo-Sa-Beob(祛邪法; eliminating the evil factors). 5. To treat Juk-Chui(積聚), I used Bwo-Jeong-Beob(扶正法; supporting normal body energy) including Dae-Bo-Ki-Hyel(大補氣血 ; invigorating premodial energy), Bo-Bi-Ik-Ki(補脾益氣; invigorating the spleen and benefit vital energy), On-Bo-Bi-Sin(溫補脾腎; warming and invigorating spleen, kidney), but the focus must be put on Bo-Ik-Bi-Ui( 補益脾胃; promoting normal energy of spleen and stomach.

도시폐기물 매립지의 침하량 산정에 관한 연구

박경환,민달기 京畿專門大學 1994 京畿專門大學 論文集 Vol.- No.22

Einstein-Maxwell-Dilaton 이론에서의 Dyonic BPS 해

박달호 尙志大學校 1998 論文集 Vol.19 No.-

We discuss the symmetries of non-rotating dyonic system in the Einstein-Maxwell theory coupled to dilaton. The symmertries are characterized by the dilaton coupling constant α. When α≠1 the symmetry is trivial, but when α= 1 the symmetry is enlarged. We also present the dyonic BPS solutions by using the fact that the geodesics in potential space of the Einstein-Maxwell-Dilaton theory give the force-balance condition. The solutions, in general, have arbitrary scalar charges and naked space-time singularities.

문제해결력 신장을 위한 CAI프로그램 개발 및 적용에 관한 연구 : 원의 방정식을 중심으로 Focused on circular equations

朴達遠,洪成基 한국학교수학회 1999 韓國學校數學會論文集 Vol.2 No.1

The focus of this development program is to input multimedia materials into learning according to the trend of recent social changes and to maximize the learning effect for improving problem-solving by offering familiar teaching materials. The expecting effects of this study are as follows: 1. This program helps students acquire mathematical concepts and principles about circular equation through concrete examples using a variety of media - text, voice, sound, and animation and so on -, makes it possible individual learning which was difficult for students to expect at the existing multitude class as progressing learning each unit on the screen and the perfect learning by offering FEED BACK. 2. This program varied the difficulty of learning contents to learn according to learning abilities of learners by using animation and making the most of merits of computer and was able to improve learning effect by studying in a mutual way with managing learning procedure nonsuccessively. 3. Class using CAI program about developed circular equation unit has a positive effect on improving problem-solving by becoming from teacher centered class to student centered one. 4. This program makes students understand the contents of auxiliary learning in multimedia computer more efficiently, and cultivate abilities to adopt in accordance with changes in the future society by forming familiar computer mind.

海外投資 지역에 따른 韓國 企業의 國際 經營 戰略에 관한 比較 硏究 : 對中國市場 및 對유럽市場의 直接投資에 대한 實證分析

박기안,김달현 韓獨經商學會 1997 經商論叢 Vol.15 No.1

<Abstract> Comparative Study on the Direct Investment Strategies of Korean Industry in China and in European Countries Prof. Ki-An Park/Prof. Daljyun Kim(Kyung Hee University) China and European countries after 1991 are regarded as the greatest market for Korean Firms. Korean Firms will have great opportunity to participate in and benefit from these markets. Korean Firms wish to enter these markets or expand and improve their existing positions there. This paper empirically examines the direct investment strategies in China and the European countries and identify the determinants of performances of Korean firms, in order to make some strategy suggestions regarding the modus of direct investment to be used by Korean firms in China and European countries. This study analyzed the direct investments of Korean Industry in China and European countries. It, therefore, was hypothesized that investing in foreign markets which maintain a high level of market potential, firms prefer to choose good motivations and circumstances. Results of empirical test based on 98 firms support the research hypotheses. Korean firms' investments in China seem to be motivated by the following factors, which are listed in the order of significance: ①to secure low-cost labor, ② to make use of market potential in China, ③ to establish a foothold for entry and favorable location to enter the third country market. Out of these results, one can infer that Korean firms' direct investment strategies in China attach more weight to developing international advantages rather than securing new markets and advanced technologies. As the important determinants for the selection of production sites in China, Korean firms identified the following factors, i.e. lower labor cost of skilled forces in host country, larger local market size and its favorable conditions. Direct Investments in Europe are aimed at assisting Korean firms already in the world market which are unable to strengthen their competitive position independently to enhance their market competitiveness with their own technology and other resources. Under the foreign direct investment in Europe, Korean firms with foreign and Korean partner will establish joint ventures in concerted efforts, joint production and exchange of parts and components and joint sales of goods produced by the partners, share technology and management experiences etc. The basic objective of direct investments in China and Europe is to reduce prime costs, to expand market, and to raise the productivity. Yet, the location decision of Korean firms appears to be different from what the theory says. Namely, the ownership-specific advantages seem to matter little for the Korean firm's choices of host country. Otherwise, market size and the other favorable conditions in the market were among the factors influential in their choice of location. These criteria, that is, low labor cost in China and good labor management in Europe and market size potential of the host country is closely related with the exportled direct investment types of Korean firms in China and Europe. This is because they seem to be greatly concerned about expansion of market and favorable circumstances in host countries. Generally speaking, Korean firms in any host country readily make use of location merits of host country Korean firms should enter full-scale operation to grapple with Chinese and European markets. Particularly some obstacles turn out to warrant special attentions, namely insufficient infrastructure and difficulty in securing the raw material in China. To no lesser degree, in case of threefold important difficulties, Korean firms in China are concerned with the problems of difficulty in local financing and a heavy burden of taxation, as well as competition from third country. But contrary to predicted expectation in the case of tabor management in China labor disputes are more frequent than in Europe. In China there are still many restraining factors which hinder rapid development of foreign direct investment due to the nature of China and its market. More specifically, the internal structure of the economy in China must be completely realigned along with market liberalization and the implementation of economic reform policies, This is no doubt a result of the stage of economic development attained by China. On the other hand, distinctively less headaches are caused by difficulty in securing the raw material as well as infrastructure in Europe. Comparing the difficulties in China with that in Europe, fundamental differencies in legal frameworks and commercial practices are particularly eye-catching. In China, the Korean firms want to go to guarantee the recruitment of the labor of low cost for the labor-intensive industry, This case is distinguished from the motives for Foreign Direct Investment in European countries by Korean firms. Korean firms in China and Europe are the market seekers. They go to the host countries to protect and develop their markets and they also want to serve growing market as well. Production efficiency seekers want to recruit the skilled labor of lower cost in China and want to cooperate with partners in Europe. The cooperation lies in boosting of competitiveness in the world market. Korean companies remain generally cautious when considering investment in foreign countries because of various risks. Differences in legal frameworks and commercal practices with the host countries pose as a challenge for Participating companies. In pursuing to promote the direct investment, existing problems in investment should be scrutinized so that amicable solutions are sought in a logical and rational fashion. Along these lines, procedures must be readjusted and developed to accommodate the needs of the partner countries involved through fostering a climate conducive to the entry and profitable operation of foreign or joint-venture enterprises, developing an adequate infrastructure to support manufacturing activities, and framing and implementing investment legislation with fairness and impartiality.