http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
이무석,Lee, Moo-Suk 한국정신신체의학회 1995 정신신체의학 Vol.3 No.2
비만환자들의 정신역동과 정신분석치료의 기법을 문헌 고찰하였다. 비만의 원인은 구강기 고착과 충동조절을 못하는, 자아와 초자아의 결함에 있었다. 비만환자들은 사랑의 상실에 의한 고통을 해결하는 방법으로 음식을 사용한다. 먹음으로 자신을 달래주고(self-soothing), 대리만족을 취한다. 부모의 양육태도가 문제인데, 비만아의 부모는 아이를 통하여 자신의 욕망을 이루려는 분들이어서 지배적이고 음식을 강요하며 어린이의 성취에 대한 기재가 높다. 어린이에게 따뜻한 보살핌이 필요할 때에도 부모의 목표가 더 우선되기 때문에 어린이는 늘 욕구불만에 빠지게 된다. 가정에서 어린이에게 사랑이 필요할 때마다 사랑 대신에 음식을 먹이는 부모였다. 그래서 성장후에 사회적 좌절을 당하면 음식에서 위로를 받고, 음식을 씹음으로 공격욕구도 발산한다(Stunkard, 1985). 또한 비만환자의 부모는 정상적인 부모역할을 전반적으로 소홀히 하는 편이었다. 절제를 가르치지 못하는 부모였다. 그것은 부모 자신의 초자아에 문제가 있어서 요구할 것을 요구하지 못하기 때문이기도 했고, 특별히 어떤 자식을 유난히 무관심 속에 방치해 두어서 비만을 만들기도 한다(Wilson, 1992). 이처럼 비만환자들은 전에디푸스기에 병의 원인(preoedipal pathology)을 가지고 있기 때문에 이런 갈등을 가지고 있는 환자들을 치료할 때는 언제나 그렇듯이 분석가는 좀더 적극적인 해석을 해주어야 한다. 또한 전이대상만으로는 안되고, 이에 추가하여 아이를 잘 키우는 새로운 대상(new and different object)이 되어 줘야한다(Wilson 1989). 비만환자들의 거구를 대하면서 치료자들은 위축되는 역전이에 빠질 수가 있다는 것도 염두에 두어야 한다. Author reviewed psychodynamics and psychoanalytic treatment of obesity. A variety of psychodynamics and unconscious conflicts have been described in obese patients : eating as a defense against depression, eating as a substitute for maternal love, obese body as a larger penis, and eating as a self-soothing. There was a gross neglect of certain normal parenting roles in obese family. The parenatal superego structure was not as perfectionistic. As with children and other patients with preoedipal pathology, in obese patients the analyst in addition to being transference object is a new and different object who promote healthy maturation. Because of obese parients, in there projective identification, can provoke intense countertransference, the analyst have to consider it. On the other hand, many analysts' countertransferences to superobese patients is that huge person recalls one's own childhood relationship with adults and bring forth a feeling of helplessness.
精神分裂病, 氣分障碍 및 神經症 患者의 自我 防禦機轉 比較
李勳,李武石 大韓神經精神醫學會 1992 신경정신의학 Vol.31 No.5
This study was conducted to evaluate the difference of ego defense mechanisms among the patients with schizophrenic disorders, mood disorders, and neurotic disorders, and then to identify the possible relationship between those three disorders and maturity level of defense mechanisms. The subjects were inpatients or outpatients with schizophrenic disorders(n=60), mood disorders(n=35 ; 21 bipolar disorders, 14 major depressions), and neurotic disorders(n=47 ; 22 anxiety disorders, 25 somatoform disorders) meeting the criteria of DSM-III-R. The ego defense mechanisms and the maturity level of these were measured using the Ehwa Defense Mechanism Test(1991). The main results were as follows ; 1) The patients with schizophrenic disorders used more defenses of `denial', `suppression', and `anticipation', than those with neurotic disorders, while those with neurotic disorders used more defenses of `somatization' and `dissociation' than those with schizophrenic disorders. 2) The patients with mood disorders used more defense of `suppression' than those with neurotic disorders, and more defense of `controlling' than those with schizophrenic disorders. 3) There was no consistent relationship between the disorder and the maturity level of defense mechanisms. In summary, some defense mechanisms were more prefered depending on the disorder. However, the disorder was not entirely matched with the maturity level of defense mechanisms.
이무석 전남대학교 기업경영연구소 2006 經營情報 Vol.17 No.2
인간의 몸과 마음을 떼어서 생각할 수 없고 맘이 아플 때 그 아픔이 적절히 처리되지 못하면 몸도 함께 고통을 받게 된다. "눈물로 씻겨지지 않은 슬픔은 몸을 울게 만든다" (HENRY MAUDSLEY). 과거에는 박테리아가 인류 건강의 적이었다. 그러나 현대에 와서는 스트레스가 인류건강의 적이 되었다. 스트레스는 많은 질병을 일으킨다. 필자는 암과 스트레스의 관계를 설명한 뒤에 면역기능을 강화시키는 법을 소개하겠다.
重化學工業機械의 國産化方案에 關한 硏究 : 特히 窯業에 있어서의 燒成爐, 粉碎機, 排風機, 冷却機, 電氣集마器 自動枰量供給器 等의 製作을 目的으로
趙哲衡,朴碩喆,丁太權,宋鐵,桭達福,金基玉,朴煥奎,趙煥從,朴善鐘,金種一,李茂錫 朝鮮大學校 1977 綜合論文集 Vol.1977 No.-
This is to investigate the posibility of home manufacturing of heavy chemical industry machines, such as rotary kiln, crusher, blower, cooler, electrostatic precipitator and weighing feeder of cement plant. It is concluded that even though we can not make all of them (some of them are made now and some others are going to be made in the near future, some of them are made whole and some others are made partially), we can build or export the cement plant by importing the important machines which we can not make now and by substituting them with ours gradually.
이무석 대한신경정신의학회 1989 신경정신의학 Vol.28 No.1
The author reviewed several cases in the literature in order to clarify the concepts of borderline disorders in terms of historical viewpoint. At the begining, borderline disorder was interpreted as a part of schizophrenia. But schmideberg( 1959) gave the name of borderline syndrome to borderline disorders so that it could have a sparate diagnostic identity. Grinker’ s experimental study(1968) and Kerngberg’ s psychoanalytical study(1975) of borderline disorders made a contribution to consolidate borderline disorders as disease entity. Gunderson (1975) made diagnostic criteria of borderline personality disorder as a separate disease identity in DSM-III. In spite of this effort, the author could not find any common features in these cases. So the author suggests that the same diagnostic criterias should be able to be applied interchangeabley, before the borderline disorders are considered as an unitary diagnostic entity.
이무석 한국정신분석학회 2011 精神分析 (Psychoanalysis) Vol.22 No.2
This paper reviews analytic relationship and empathy. Analytic relationship refers to the therapeutic relationship between an analyst and an analysand. An analyst becomes a special object to an analysand in an analytic process through transference and externalization of internal object relations. An analysand responds to an analyst as a child, even if he/she is an already grown up adult, due to developmental arrest and deficit primary developmental needs during his/her childhood. An analysts responds to the analysand with ‘empathic knowing’ in the process of analysis in the analytic relationship. The empathic response of the analyst helps the analysand transform an internal object, enabling the child-within to grow up through the analytic relationship. The paper looks into developmental component of analytic empathy. As Dr. Greenson said, one cannot truly grasp subtle and complicated feelings of people except by this ‘emotional knowing’. It is ‘emotional knowing,’ the experiencing of another’s feelings, that is meant by the term empathy. This feeling of sharing is temporary and primarily a preconscious phenomenon. It is a very special mode of perceiving. Particularly for analytic relationship, the capacity for empathy is an essential prerequisite. The main motive of empathy is to achieve an understanding of a patient.