엘니뇨ㆍ라니냐현상과 우리나라에 영향을 미친 태풍 수와의 관계에 대하여

설동일,김규만,이광재,이동준 한국해양대학교 해양과학기술연구소 2001 硏究論文集 Vol.10 No.1

Recently, El ni□o and La ni□a phenomena have known as a cause of the unusual weather and meteorological disasters in the world. The meteorological disasters in Korea have mainly caused by typhoons. In this paper, we studied the relationship between El Ni□o and La Ni□a phenemena and the number of typhoons which affected on Korea using the long-term data for the period from 1940 to 1999(60 years). In cases of normal years, El Ni□o Years and La Ni□a years, the numvers of typhoons which have affected on Korea are 3.1/year, 2.7/year and 3.9/year respectively. The number of typhoons which have affected on Korea in La Ni□a years in more than those in El Ni□o years and normal tears. The occurrence rate of typhoon in La Ni□a tears is also higher than those in E Ni□o years and normal years.

미로매독의 임상청각학적 관찰

설승룡,이동훈,백무진,오일준,전경명 釜算慶南耳鼻咽喉科學會 1991 임상이비인후과 Vol.2 No.1

갑상선 결절의 초음파 유도하 세침흡인 검사의 유용성

배일헌,한기석,차상훈,김성진,박길선,한설희,김동호 충북대학교 의학연구소 2002 忠北醫大學術誌 Vol.12 No.2

연구목적: 본 연구의 목적은 초음파 유도 하에 갑상선 결절을 경피적 흡인 생검 할 때 검체 획득률을 알아 보고, 검체 획득률에 영향을 주는 요소들을 알아보고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법: 갑상선 결절이 있어 초음파 유도하 경피적 흡인 생검을 하였던 132명 (12-71; 평균 42세) 환자의 결절 215예를 대상으로 전향적 연구를 시행하였다. 2000년 9월부터 2001년 2월까지 62명의 환자의 결절 111예에서 21-gauge 세침을 이용하였고, 2001년 3월부터 9월까지 70명의 환자의 결절 104예에서 20-gauge 절단침을 이용하였다. 초음파 유도하 경피적 흡인 생검의 검체 획득률을 구하였고, 결절 단경이 1 ㎝ 이하와 1 ㎝ 초과, 결절의 성상, 촉지여부에 따라 검체 확득률에 차이가 있는지 비교 분석하였다. 통계적 분석은 Chisquare test로 검증하였다 (p<0.05). 결과: 총 215예 중 188예에서 적절한 검체가 얻어져 전체 검체 획득률은 87.4%이었다. 낭성 결절 (78.8%)보다 고형 결절 (90.2%)에서 더 높은 검체 획득율을 보였으나, 결절의 크기(≤1 ㎝:85.7% vs. >1 ㎝:88.7%)와 촉지 여부 (촉지되는 결절: 87.5% vs. 촉지되지 않는 결절:87.4%)에 따라서는 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았다. 결론: 갑상선 결절의 초음파 유도하 경피적 흡인 생검은 높은 검체 획득율을 보이며, 결절의 크기, 촉지 여부에 따른 차이는 없으나, 고형 결절에서 낭성 결절보다 높은 검체 획득율을 보인다. Purpose: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the acquisition rate of adequate specimen in ultrasound-guided percutaneous needle aspiration biopsy (US-PCNB) of thyroid nodules and to find the factors influencing the acquisition rate. Materials and Methods: We conducted a prospective study in 132 patients (mean age 47 years: range 12-71) who had 215 nodules. Aspiration biopsy was performed with 21-gauge fine needles for 111 nodules (62 patients) and with 20-gauge cutting needles for 104 nodules (70 patients). We calculated overall acquisition rate of adequate specimen of US-PCNB and compared acquisition rates according to nodule size, nature and palpability. Results: Total acquisition rate of adequate specimen was 87.4%. The acquisition rate of adequate specimen of solid nodules (90.2%) was higher than that of cystic nodules (78.8%). The size of nodules did not affect the acquisition rate of specimen (≤1 ㎝:85.7% vs. >1 ㎝:88.7%). The palpability of nodules also cause no difference the acquisition rate (palpable: 87.5% vs. non-palpable:87.4%). Conclusion: US-guided PCNB of thyroid nodules was high acquisition rate of adequate specimen. There was no statistically significant difference according to size and palpability of nodules but was according to nature of nodules in the acquisition rate of adequate specimen.

도로교통소음의 수평·수직적 전달 및 감쇠 특성

최형일,채희정,김연풍,조도호,설동화,정숙경,김정애 조선대학교 생산기술연구소 2007 生産技術硏究 Vol.29 No.1

This study has been conducted to achieve the following objectives: First, in order to understand the horizontal propagation and attenuation characteristics for the road traffic noise, we selected actively developed areas within 100 meters away from the road to measure the level of traffic noise near a road. To measure the noise near a railroad, we selected areas within 100 meters away from the road. In this way, we analyzed the horizontal propagation and attenuation characteristics for the traffic noise occurring in diversified areas. Second, in order to understand the vertical propagation and attenuation characteristics for the road traffic noise, we measured and analyzed the distributional characteristics of vertical sound pressure levels on each floor of multi-storied apartment buildings according to changes of traffic load and types, and the existence or nonexistence of soundproof walls. For the case of the road traffic noise, we also selected we measured and analyzed the different noise levels on each floor of multi-storied apartment buildings from the soundproof wall. The results of Horizontal propagation and attenuation characteristics for the road traffic noise are as follows: In cases of the soundproof wall + raising ground, raising ground, cutting land, and flat land as distance increases, the sound pressure level steadily decreases. The soundproof wall + raising ground has an especially high distance decrease compared to the other areas, and the sound pressure level for the raising ground is higher than that of the cutting land with a measurement of 10.7~12.1dB(A). Vertical propagation and attenuation characteristics for the road traffic noise are as follows: The amount of sound pressure level decrease is 12.6- 14.5dB(A) for first floor when measuring the vertical sound pressure levels at soundproof wall, which indicates a fairly large decrease. At fifth and sixth floor, the amount of decrease is 2.3dB(A), which indicates a small decrease.

월출산국립공원 수질특성에 관한 연구

최형일,김난희,강영주,채희정,김연풍,조도호,설동화 조선대학교 환경공해연구소 2007 環境公害硏究 Vol.20 No.1

Because mountain streams have narrow widths and steep slopes compared to streams and lakes, hours of immobility are considerably short, and the quality of mountain streams has been greatly influenced by rainfall, land-use, components of the streambed and types of forests. During the summer when heavy rainfall occurs, eroded earth and sand flow into mountain streams and cause temporarily high turbidity. It is also the cause of eutrophication, which is frequently found in downstream. As evaluation standards for the quality of mountain streams were not established in Korea, this quality was evaluated by examining some items based on quality standards for drinkable water and research on the influences of pollution in mountain streams, which showed that these were seldom in downstream water systems. Mountain streams within Wolchulsan National Park flow into a reservoir and when characteristics of mountain streams from forests and rainfall that flow into mountain streams through forest ecosystems were studied, results of measuring its changes are as follows. Monthly changes of pH were low between April and August and higher starting October, and the EC was measured higher in the winter and the spring and tended to be low starting April. The EC on the 19th of May and the 23rd of October and the concentration of floating materials and COD_(Mn) were observed to be higher due to the influence of rainfall on the 19th of May and the 22nd of October, and it was judged that the washing out of dried deposits attached to the water pipe and the leaching of woods were influenced by rainfall. It is considered that real-time monitoring of water quality for a long time and water quality conditions during and after rainfall should be examined for ensuring basic data of water quality and evaluating characteristics and seasonableness of mountain streams, which may be greatly changed by artificial influence in the future.

치과용 고카라트 금합금의 시효경화와 상변태 과정

배동화,설효정,이희경,김형일 대한치과기재학회 1999 대한치과재료학회지 Vol.26 No.1

The hardening behavior and phase transformation process of a dental high carat gold alloy by isothermal ageing treatment were investigated by means of hardness testing, X-ray diffraction study and scanning electron microscopic observations. The following results were obtained. The a single phase with a face centered cubic structure was finally transformed into the coexistence of the Ag-rich α₁phase with a face centered cubic structure and the AuCu I' type ordered phase with a face centered tetragonal superlattice structure by ageing of the solution-treated specimen at 400℃ and 500℃. By ageing at 500℃, the metastable Ag-rich α₁' and AuCu I' type ordered phases were formed prior to the final formation of the equilibrium Ag-rich α₁ and AuCu I type ordered phases . The hardening effect was more significant and the overageing with softening was slower by ageing at 400℃ than 500℃. By ageing at 500℃, the hardening was attributed to the formation of the metastable AuCu I' type ordered phases from the a phase, the overageing with softening was due to the formation of the AuCu I type ordered phase from the metastable Ag-rich α₁' and AuCu I' type ordered phases. By ageing at 500℃, the incubation period which limited the beginning of the hardening in the early stage of ageing existed, and the formation and growth of the precipitates which contributed the overageing with softening were observed concurrently at the grain boundaries and within grains. By ageing at 400℃, the hardening was attributed to the formation of the AuCu I type ordered phase from the a phase, the overageing with softening was due to the growth of the grain boundary precipitates of the lamellar structure composed of the Ag-rich α₁and AuCu I type ordered phases into the grain interior.

담양신설 IC의 교통소음도 조사연구

최형일,강영주,채희정,김연풍,조도호,설동화,정숙경 조선대학교 환경공해연구소 2007 環境公害硏究 Vol.20 No.1

After the vehicle has become a large formation with high-speed, loud noise from an express highway is increasing, and the number of large-scale apartment complexes, which are recently being constructed in the metropolitan area nearby the express highway and IC, is increasing gradually. Compared with a main road, the traffic volume and the speed of a vehicle between IC and the ramp way [turn-off] are smaller. If the ramp way is rightly connected with the downtown area, however, the traffic-noise that comes about in surrounding areas will be in conjunction with the traffic-noise from the main road of express highway and that of the ramp way. This research has selected a place that hasn't had a road or a commercial quarter nearby the main-road of IC and ramp way. Then we have studied the traffic-noise status under minimizing influence of its outer-noise, which occurs in IC. 1. The traffic volume change of a small and full-sized car with time has been kept on regularity in 2004 and 2005. As the traffic volume of a full-sized car has diminished remarkably, it has been maintaining through 6:00a.m.-10:00 a.m. As it has decreased since lO:OO a.m.. we have also observed the traffic proportion going up. 2. Monthly traffic volume of small cars was higher in May, August and October than other months. We have observed that the high traffic volume during these months is due to the following: May-The Damyang festival, August-a high-demand season, October-viewing scarlet maple leaves. Monthly traffic volume of full-sized cars was generally higher in August, but it has decreased during 2006. This was due to the many construction trucks that were working on the extension of the 88 Olympic expressway. Therefore, there was more traffic volume in 2006 compared to 2004 and 2005. 3. In this study, the noise figures have been less than 55 dB(A) in 18 spots. There were 14 spots from 55dB(A) to 58dB(A). 58-61dB(A) : 20, 61-64dB(A) : 17, 64-67dB(A) : 18. There were 8 spots we observed at the highest level from 67dB(A) to 70dB(A). Those were the nearby spots separating the main road and Damyang IC. 4. Traffic-noise at the boundary between IC and the main road of an expressway was higher than that of the same distance in other places. 5. We have observed that traffic-noise is low in places with mountains that serve the role of soundproofing walls. Thus, the fundamental sound hadn't affected it.

(AgCu)_0.43-Au_0.54Pd_0.03 합금의 시효경화 특성

배동화,설효정,이희경,김형일,김교한 대한치과기재학회 2001 대한치과재료학회지 Vol.28 No.3

팔라디움이 함유된, 시효경화성 치과주조용 고금합금의 연구를 위한 기초자료를 얻기 위하여, 4원계 □ 합금의 등온시효경화 거동과 상변태를 경도 시험, X선회절 실험으로 조사하여, 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 본 합금을 250~350℃에서 등온시효처리하면, 면심정방구조를 갖는 준안정상 AuCu Ⅰ'형 규칙상이 면심정방구조를 갖는 AuCu Ⅰ형 규칙상과 면심입방구조를 갖는 Ag-rich a₁상이 생성되기 전에 생성되었다. 본 합금은 시효처리 온도에 따라 다른 시효경화 거동을 보여주었다. 350℃에서 시효처리를 하면, 경도는 시효 초기에 상승하지 않았고, 최고 경도에 도달하여 유지되고나서 시효시간을 연장함에 따라 경도가 급격히 저하하였다. 250℃에서 시효처리를 하면, 경도는 시효 초기부터 뚜렷히 상승하기 시작하였다. 그 후, 약간의 경도 하강을 보이고나서 경도는 다시 서서히 상승을 지속하였다. 350℃에서 경화는 준안정상 AuCu Ⅰ'형 규칙상의 균일핵생성에 기인하였다. 낮은 시효온도에서의 초기 경화는 다른 상변태에 의해 초래되었고, 이어서 일어나는 경화는 준안정상 AuCu Ⅰ'형 규칙상의 생성에 기인하였다. 시효시간을 연장함에 따라 생기는 과시효 연화는 평형상 AuCu Ⅰ형 규칙상의 생성에 기인하는 것으로 생각된다.

열공형과 비열공형 피질하 혈관성 치매에서 위험인자의 차이에 관한 비교 연구

배희준,정지향,유경호,나덕렬,김상윤,최경규,양동원,손의주,이상도,김재우,박경원,김응규,이재홍,박미영,한일우,함동석,최문성,하충건,최성혜,이애영,이병철,한설희 대한치매학회 2003 Dementia and Neurocognitive Disorders Vol.2 No.2

Backgrounds and Objectives: Vascular dementia is a group of dementing disoders arising from various stroke syndrome. Among these. subcortical ischemic vascular dementia (SIVD) is regarded as a relatively distinct clinical entity. However, MRI patterns of SIVD are not homogenous. In some patients, lacunes are dominant, and in others, subcortical white matter changes are. This study was designed to compare risk factor profiles between SIVD with and without multiple lacunes. Methods: We divided 47 subjects (22 males, mean age. 68 years) recruited from VADAPET (Multicenter Trial For Evaluation Of The Changes In the PET Images Of Subcortical Vascular Dementia Patient) study into two groups one with more than 5 lacunes in deep gray matter (lacune group) and the other with 5 or less(non-lacune group) Clinical characteristics and laboratory findings of two groups were compared. Results: Nineteen of 47 patients (40%) belonged to the lacune group. The lacune and non-lacune groups d d not differ in the following variables: age, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia heart disease, history of stroke or TIA, history of trauma or major surgery, family history of hypertension stroke, or dementia, age at diagnosis of dementia, body mass index, white blood cell count, ESR, CRP, fibrinogen, hemoglobin A1C, total cholesterol. LDL cholesterol creatinine, proteinuria, glucosuria, and microhematuria. However, male sex, smoking alcohol. hemoglobin, and HDL cholesterol were possibly associated more with lacune group SIVD than with non-lacune group (p<0 1) Multivariate analyses revealed that smoking, hemoglobin, and HDL cholesterol were independent predictors of SIVD with multiple lacunes Conclusion: Our study suggests that SIVD with multiple lacunes may be significantly different in smoking habits hemoglobin, and HDL cholesterol from SIVD without multiple lacunes.

A novel approach for the derivation of Sertoli-like cells from mouse embryonic stem cells

Dong-Won Seol,Eun-Young Shin,Jae Il Bang,Dong Ryul Lee 한국실험동물학회 2018 한국실험동물학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.2018 No.7