몬순기후와 복잡지형의 특성을 갖는 광릉 산림유역의 물과 탄소순환에 대한 교차규모 연구로부터의 교훈

이동호 ( Dong Ho Lee ),김준 ( Joon Kim ),김수진 ( Su Jin Kim ),문상기 ( Sang Ki Moon ),이재석 ( Jae Seok Lee ),임종환 ( Jong Hwan Lim ),손요환 ( Yo Whan Son ),강신규 ( Sin Kyu Kang ),김상현 ( Sang Hyun Kim ),김경하 ( Kyong Ha Kim 한국농림기상학회 2007 한국농림기상학회지 Vol.9 No.2

광릉 슈퍼사이트에서 대기와 식생간의 에너지와 물질교환 규명은 지형과 식생의 복잡성으로 인해 많은 기술적인 어려움에 직면하고 있다. 따라서 KoFlux 연구에서는 상호보완적인 다중 분야의 연구를 통해 이러한 어려움을 극복하기 위한 시도를 해 오고 있다. 본 논문에서는 현재 진행중인 KoFlux 연구의 예비결과 중 특히 광릉사이트에서의 물/탄소수지, 물과 탄소순환의 상호관련성 그리고 몬순기후하의 생태계에서 탄소순환에 미치는 수문학적 요인의 중요성에 대해 중점적으로 논의하고자 한다. 광릉낙엽활엽수림의 순생태생산량 (NEP)은 광범위한 생태학적 연구결과에 따르면 약 ~2.6 t C/ha/y로 예상된다. 이를 미기상 플럭스 관측 결과와 함께 고려할 때 광릉 산림은 탄소의 중요한 육상흡원으로서 기능함을 예상할 수 있다. 다양한 생태수문 관측에 의해 규명된 유역단위 물수지에 의하면 연단위 전체강수량의 약 30-40%가 증발산 (ET)에 해당함을 나타내고 있다. 광릉산림의 대표적인 수종인 졸참과 서어나무의 잎에서 얻어진 탄소 안정동위 원소 조성에 근거하여 계산된 식물 성장기간의 평균 물 이용효율(WUE)은 약 ~12 μmol CO2/mmol H2O에 해당된다. 얻어진 증발산량과 물이용효율은 유역단위의 생태계 생산량을 산출하는데 이용될 수 있다. 나이테 성장량과 토양호흡량의 연단위 변화는 강수량과 강수의 패턴에 의해 크게 영향을 받음을 보이고, 이는 몬순기후에 영향을 받는 동아시아 지역 생태계에서 탄소 순환과정이 수문학적 조건과 밀접한 상관관계를 가짐을 지시한다. 연구지역의 공간적 특성을 정량화하기 위해 관측지의 구조 및 기능적 단위를 규명하기 위한 연구가 진행되고 있고 이를 통해 서로 다른 시공간 규모에서 진행되고 있는 연구의 결과물을 체계적으로 연결 통합하고 나아가 보다 광역적인 규모에서 대표적인 물/탄소 수지를 산출하기 위한 연구가 시도되고 있다. KoFlux Gwangneung Supersite comprises complex topography and diverse vegetation types (and structures), which necessitate complementary multi-disciplinary measurements to understand energy and matter exchange. Here, we report the results of this ongoing research with special focuses on carbon/water budgets in Gwangneung forest, implications of inter-dependency between water and carbon cycles, and the importance of hydrology in carbon cycling under monsoon climate. Comprehensive biometric and chamber measurements indicated the mean annual net ecosystem productivity (NEP) of this forest to be ~2.6 t C ha-1 y-1. In conjunction with the tower flux measurement, the preliminary carbon budget suggests the Gwangneung forest to be an important sink for atmospheric CO2. The catchment scale water budget indicated that 30~40% of annual precipitation was apportioned to evapotranspiration (ET). The growing season average of the water use efficiency (WUE), determined from leaf carbon isotope ratios of representative tree species, was about 12 μmol CO2/mmol H2O with noticeable seasonal variations. Such information on ET and WUE can be used to constrain the catchment scale carbon uptake. Inter-annual variations in tree ring growth and soil respiration rates correlated with the magnitude and the pattern of precipitation during the growing season, which requires further investigation of the effect of a monsoon climate on the catchment carbon cycle. Additionally, we examine whether structural and functional units exist in this catchment by characterizing the spatial heterogeneity of the study site, which will provide the linkage between different spatial and temporal scale measurements.

CMOS 뉴런의 활성화 함수

신동하,강민제 제주대학교 공과대학 첨단기술연구소 2002 尖端技術硏究所論文集 Vol.13 No.2

Activation fuction of CMOS inverter based neuron is anlayzed. Neuron activation function is controlled to change its slop and to shift to X, Y axis by MOS transistor threshold voltage and gain factor. PSpice 9.0 version of OrCAD Co. is used for circuit level simulation.

미세알부민뇨를 동반한 인슐린 비의존성 당뇨병 환자에서 혈장 Endothelin의 변화

서예경,정상원,남직화,신병호,전종민,김정국,김동희,하승우,김보완 慶北大學校 醫科大學 1996 慶北醫大誌 Vol.37 No.3

목적 : 혈관내피세포에서 생성되는 endothelin(ET)는 강력한 혈관수축작용을 가진 펩타이드로 당뇨병 환자에서 혈관내피세포의 손상여부에 따라 혈중 농도가 증가할 수 있으며 혈관합병증과 관련이 있다는 보고가 있다. 그러나. 혈중 ET치의 상승과 당뇨병성 합병증의 상관성에 대해서는 논란이 많다. 이에 저자들은 인슐린 비의존성 당뇨병 환자에서 미세알부민뇨의 동반유무에 따른 혈중 ET치의 변화 및 혈장 ET치와 요중 알부민 배설률과의 상관성을 검토하였다. 대상 및 방법 : 인슐린 비의존성 당뇨병 환자중 미세알부민뇨를 보인 22명과 정상알부민뇨를 보인 43명을 대상으로 하였으며 혈장 ET를 측정하여 요중 알부민 배설률, 당뇨병성 망막증 및 당뇨병 관련인자들과의 관계를 비교하였다. 결과 : 당뇨병성 망막증이 합병된 군에서 망막증이 합병되지 않은 군에 비하여 혈장 ET치가 유의하게 높았던 반면 (각각 1.9±0.66, 1.5±0.76pg/㎖, p<0.05) 미세알부민뇨를 보인 군과 정상알부민뇨를 보인 군사이에 혈장 ET치는 통계학적으로 유의한 차이가 없었다(각각 1.9±1.14, 1.7±0.69pg/㎖). 또한 요중 알부민 배설률과 혈장 ET치 사이에 유의한 상관관계는 없었으며 미세알부민뇨를 동반한 인슐린 비의존성 당뇨병 환자군에서 혈장 ET치는 당뇨병의 관련인자들과도 유의한 상관관계가 없었다. 결론 : 인슐린 비의존 당뇨병 환자에서 혈장 ET치가 초기 당뇨병성 신증의 합병여부나 미세알부민뇨의 정도를 반영하기는 어려울 것임을 시사한다. Background : Endothelin(ET), a potent vasoconstritor peptide released from vascular endothelial cells, is known to be increased in diabetic patients with vascular damage and related with diabetic angiopathy. However, whether plasma ET levels may be related to diabetic complications is controversial. We studied the change of ET levels in non-insulin dependent diabetics with microalbuminuria and relation between ET and urinary albumin excretion rate. Methods : Plasma ET levels of 22 non-insulin dependent diabetics with microalbuminuria and 43 patients with normoalbuminuria were measured and relations of plasma ET to diabetic complications such as urinary albumin excretion rate, retinopathy and other associated factors were studied. Results : Plasma ET levels were significantly higher in patients with diabetic retinopathy than those without retinopathy(1.9 ± 0.66 vs 1.5 ± 0.76 pg/㎖. p<0.05). The difference, however, between diabetics with and without microalbuminuria was not significant(1.9 ± 1.14 vs 1.7 ± 0.69 pg/㎖). There were no correlations of plasma ET to urinary albumin excretion rate and to the other associated factors in non-insulin dependent diabetics. Conclusion : These results suggest that plasma ET levels may not seem to act as a predictor of diabetic nephropathy or microalbuminuria in non-insulin dependent diabetics.

맥관부종과 호산구증가증을 동반한 호산구성 봉와직염 1례

하경원 ( Ha Gyeong Won ),신동현 ( Sin Dong Hyeon ),정재홍 ( Jeong Jae Hong ),전경만 ( Jeon Gyeong Man ),권남희 ( Kwon Nam Hui ),민태훈 ( Min Tae Hun ),조덕신 ( Jo Deog Sin ),이병재 ( Lee Byeong Jae ),최동철 ( Choe Dong Cheol ) 대한천식알레르기학회 2003 천식 및 알레르기 Vol.23 No.4

항만물류분야에서의 RFID기술 활용에 대한 고찰

하명신(Myung-Sin Ha)․강동준(Dong-Joon Kang) 중앙대학교 한국전자무역연구소 2007 전자무역연구 Vol.5 No.2

정보기술의 급속한 성장은 새로운 비즈니스 환경의 영역을 확장시켰다. 특히 RFID는 항만 물류의 효율성을 높일 수 있는 기술로 주목을 받고 있으며 이 기술에 대한 최근의 급속한 확산은 기존 인식매체의 한계를 극복하고 기업 및 산업전반에 새로운 혁신을 가져올 것으로 예측된다. RFID를 활용한 시스템 개발은 향후 지능형 항만을 향한 항만 물류 관리의 주요소로 활용될 것으로 기대되며 이러한 이유로 본 논문은 기존 문헌조사를 통한 항만물류산업에 RFID 기술의 활용에 대한 고찰을 해보고 그 활성화 방안을 제시하는데 그 목적을 둔다. 따라서 본 연구의 목적은 항만물류 분야의 RFID 기술 활용에 성공적인 패턴을 제시함으로써 RFID의 이용을 활성화하는데 기여하는 것이다. The rapid growth of the information technology provides a wide range of corporate to cope with new business environment. Especially, RFID technology is considered as a promising solution to increase efficiency of port logistics and recently the spread which that technology is overcomes the limit of existing recognition technology. It is forecast with the fact that it will bring a new renovation at the business and the industrial all over. The developed system using RFID will be expected to use in main part of the port logistic management system aimed to the intelligent port, we propose an consideration of solution of inflection of RFID in Port in logistics that we select ranking with Existing literature investigation. The purpose of this paper is to contribute to the activation of RFID by presenting the successive pattern to the RFID technology introduction of Port Logistics will be in the future.

내시경적 역행성 담관조영술 중에 발생한 식도천공에 의한 기흉 1예

하승인,김신,김유리,박찬복,이지현,윤병철,한병훈,이상욱,신동훈 고신대학교 의학부 2004 高神大學校 醫學部 論文集 Vol.19 No.1

Esophageal perforation is an extremely lethal injury that requires careful management for survival. Currently, the most common cause of the perforation is iatrogenic injury, and the incidence of esophageal perforation has increased as the use of endoscopic procedure has become more frequent. Perforation during endoscopic retrograde cholangiogram (ERC) are rare. Bile duct or duodenal perforation caused by therapeutic procedures such as endoscopic sphincterotomy, guide-wire, and biliary stent were frequently reported. However, the case of esophageal perforation developed during diagnostic ERC was very rare and there has not report in Korea yet. A 61-year-old man was admitted for the evaluation of upper abdominal pain. He suspected bile duct dilatation and common bile duct stone by ultrasongraphy. During the diagnostic ERC, endoscopy showed structure of pleural cavity. We suspected esophageal perforation, and then checked esophagogram, neck and chest CT. The CT showed right side pneumothorax and left parapharyngeal and retropharyngeal air shadow. We diagnosed esophageal perforation accompanied with pneumothorax. He was successfully treated with medical treatment for 10 days.

Superoxide dismutase 가 Oxygen Free Radical에 노출된 당뇨병 백서 대동맥의 EDRF 및 EDHF 중계성 이완능의 변화에 미치는 효과

김동희,서예경,남직화,김정국,하승우,신병호,김보완 대한내분비학회 1997 Endocrinology and metabolism Vol.12 No.2

Background: The relaxative response of blood vessels to acetylcholine(ACh) is known to be abnormal in diabetic rat due to changes in endothelium-derived relaxing factor(EDRF)- and/or endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factor(EDHF)- mediated action. Oxygen free radical(OFR) interferes with endothelium dependent relaxation to ACh in diabetic rats; this effect rnay be prevented by superoxide dismutase(SOD), OFR scavenger. Then, we determined the effect of SOD on modulation of OFR-induced damage to EDRF- and EDHF-mediated relaxations to ACh in diabetic rat aortas. Methods: After aortas were incubated with free radical generating system for 15 min with or without SOD pretreatment(150 U/mL) and contracted submaximally by norepinephrine(10(-5) M), relaxative responses to cumulative concentrations(10(-9) M to 10(-5) M) of ACh were measured in aortas isolated from the control and 6-8 week streptozotocin-induced diabetic rat. We measured relaxative responses to ACh in these aortas treated with calmidazolium(100uM) or N-nitro-L- arginine methyl ester(luM) after exposure to OFR with/without SOD pretreatment, Results: The ACh-induced relaxation(10(-9)M to 10(-5) M) was significantly decreased in diabetic than in control rat aortas(p$lt;0.05). ACh-induced relaxation in diabetic rat aortas was significantly impaired from 79.3% to 71.2% after exposure to OFR(p$lt;0.05), and the degree of ACh-induced relaxation was recovered from 71.2% to 84.0% after pretreatment with SOD(p$lt;0.05). EDRF- mediated relaxation to ACh in diabetic rat aortas was significantly impaired from 71.2% to 61.6% after exposure to OFR(p$lt;0.05), and the degree of impairment of ACh-induced EDRF-mediated relaxation was recovered from 61.6% to 76.0% after pretreatment with SOD. After exposure to OFR, EDHF-mediated relaxation to ACh in diabetic rat aortas was not significanlty impaired. However, the degree of impairment of EDHF-mediated relaxation to ACh was recovered from 46.0% to 59.5% after pretreatment with SOD. Conclusion: This study suggests that OFR may impair mainly EDRF-mediated relaxation to ACh and SOD may protect rnainly OFR-induced damage to EDRF-mediated relaxation to ACh in diabetic rat aortas. (J Kor Soc Endocrinol 12:265-274, 1997)

Tag 개방식 장치를 이용한 o-Xylene+n-Pentanol 계와 m-Xylene+n-Hexanol 계의 하부인화점 측정 및 예측

하동명(Dong-Myeong Ha),이성진(Sung-Jin Lee),정기신(Kee-Sin Jeong) 한국가스학회 2010 한국가스학회지 Vol.14 No.5

본 연구에서는 o-xylene+n-pentanol 및 m-xylene+n-hexanol 계의 인화점을 Tag 개방식 장치(ASTM D1310-86)를 이용하여 측정하였다. 실험값은 Raoult의 법칙, van Laar 및 Wilson 식을 이용한 계산된 값들과 비교하였다. 그 결과, 최적화법에 의한 예측값이 Rauolt의 법칙에 의한 계산 보다 실험값에 더욱 근접하였다. 또한, van Laar 식을 사용한 최적화법이 Wilson 식에 의한 최적화법 보다 실험값에 대한 모사성이 우수하였다. The flash points for the systems, o-xylene+n-pentanol and m-xylene+n-hexanol, were measured by using Tag open-cup tester(ASTM D1310-86). The experimental data were compared with the values calculated by the Raoults law and the optimization method using van Laar and Wilson equations. The calculated values based on the optimization method were found to be better than those based on the Raoults law. The predictive curve of the flash point prediction model based on the van Laar equation described the experimentally-derived data more effectively than was the case when the prediction model was based upon the Wilson equation.

말단비대증 환자의 미만성 갑상선종에서 발생된 갑상선 유두암 1예

김동희,김보완,서예경,신병호,김정국,하승우,남직화,이영하,서인수 대한내분비학회 1996 Endocrinology and metabolism Vol.11 No.3

Patients with acromegaly have a reduced life expectancy rnainly due to cardiovascular, respiratory or cerebrovascular diseas-. Malignancy also seems to occur with greater than the expected incidence. In particular, the published retrospective or prospective studies have suggested a strong association of colonic neoplasia with acromegaly. But, there were a few reports of thyroid cancer in acrornegaly. We report a case of thyroid papillary cancer derived from diffuse goiter in acromegaly, sugge- sting the possible carcinogenic role of growth hormone(J Kor Soc Endocrinol 11:311-317, 1996)

미숙아, 부당 경량아 및 과체중아에서 생후 2개월까지의 철상태에 관한 연구

윤신원,임인석,김철하,이동근,최응상,유병훈 중앙대학교 의과대학 의과학연구소 1995 中央醫大誌 Vol.20 No.2

The iron status of neonatal perioand shows variable changes dependent upon gestational age and birth weight. In general, compared with TAGA(term appropriate for gestational age), prematurity has been known to have exacerbated from of physiologic anemia and one of the possible contributable factor have been thought to e the lowered iron storage. But the iron status of TSGA(term small for gestational age) and TLGA(term large for gestational age) in early few months of life has not been clearly known yet. The purpose of this study was to compare the changes four groups. The iron status of the newborn was assessed cord blood hemogloin, corrected reticulocyte count, iron, TIBC, ferritin in TAGA(n=20), TSGA(n=11), TLGA(n=22) and prematurity(n=50) that were admitted to the Department of pediatrics, Chung-Ang University Hospital from June 1994 to February 1995. The follow up examinations were performed at 1, 2 months of postnatal period. The results are as follows 1) Mean cord blood hemoglobin levels in TAGA, prematurity, TSGA, TLGA at birth were 15.6±1.4 g/dl, 16.3±1.4 g/dl, 17.8±2.2 g/dl, 16.4±1.5 g/dl. There was statistical significances between TAGA and other three groups(P<0.05). 2) Mean cord blood iron level in TAGA, prematurity, TSGA, TLGA at birth were 229±48㎍/dl, 194±14㎍/dl. But there was no statistical significances. 3) mean cord blood TIBC levels in TAGA, prematurity, TSGA, TLGA at birth were 194±71㎍/dl,, 210±60㎍/dl, 280±80㎍/dl, 304±96㎍/dl. There was statistical significances between TAGA and other three groups(P<0.05). 4) Mean cord blood ferritin levels in TAGA, prematurity, TSGA, TLGA at birth were 170±48㎍/dl, 107±87㎍/dl, 108±68㎍/dl, 170±48㎍/dl. There was statistical significances TAGA and other three groups(P,0.05). 5) As a results of 2 months follow-up examination, the hemoglobin, corrected reticulocyte count, iron, ferritin levels were decreased and TIBC levels were increased in all groups and compared with TAGA, there was significant differences the othere three groups(P<0.05). In conclusion, blood hemoglobin, corrected reticulocyte count, iron, ferritin levels were significantly decreased and TIBC levels were significantly increased not only prematurity but also in TSGA, TLGA, so the marked impaired iron storage was noted in these groups in early few months of life. Further studies need to assess the postnatal affect of prolonged iron redistribution on fetal tissue, to prevent the exacervated form of iron storage and metabolic derangement, we speculate that this particular group of infant may be candidates for early few months of life iron supplementation.