카드늄의 전통용매추출공정과 막추출공정 의 비교

최대웅 東義大學校産業技術開發硏究所 2008 産業技術硏究誌 Vol.22 No.-

The continuous extraction of cadmium ion from aqueous solution in a hollow fiber module was conducted using extractants of D2EHPA, Lix84, TOA and TBP, and the variation of extraction efficiency from mixed ion solution and mixed extractants was experimentally investigated. Comparison of the experimental outcome with a conventional solvent extraction and menbrane extraction leads to the following results. The continuous extraction improves the extraction efficiency and reduces solvent consumption and processing time. The mixed extractant systems is no significant effect. The menbrane extraction is more convenient than the conventional solvent extraction process, but the extraction efficiency is close. Other heavy metal ions do not affect the extraction of cadmium in quaternary mixed solution.

접착강화제가 치아경조직과의 접척강도 변화에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구

최웅대,박상진 大韓齒科保存學會 1995 Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics Vol.20 No.1

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of dentin bonding agents on the bond strength of composite resin restorations in case of applying the dentin bonding agents to acid etched enamel surfaces. Freshly extracted 364 bovine anterior teeth were selected as a adherents. 320 enamel specimens were divided into two groups(unetched group (D and etched group ?for testing the shear bond strength, 40 specimens were used for the hardness testing, and 4 specimens of rest were to observe the resin-tag forma- tion into etched enamel surfaces.All surfaces of enamel specimens were polished with 320~1500 SiC paper under conti- nuous running water. In Group (D, 100 enamel specimens were polished and unetched. 220 polished enamel specimens in Group ?were etched with 37% phosphoric acid solution for 60 seconds, washed with water for 20 seconds, and dried with a light air pressure for 60 seconds.Three kinds of dentin bonding agents( Gluma, Prisma, Scotchbond 2) were evaluated the effect on the bond strength to conditioned enamel surfaces. Shear bond strengths were measured on the three cases such as a coating of primer only, a coating of sealer only, and a sequential coating of primer and sealer to acid etched enamel surfaces were compared with the bond strengths measured by the coating of enamel bonding agent followed by the bonding of composite resin (Photo clearfil bright, Kuraray, Japan) to unetched and acid etched enamel surfaces.In addition, the hardness tested on the adhesive fractured surface between composite resin enamel as a mean of evaluation of a factor whether the mechanical bond strengths were affected and the penetration of dentin bonding agents into etched enamel surfaces was also observed. Bond strengths were measured using the method of shear bond strength by a universal testing machine (Instron-4467, USA), statistical test were applied to the results using a one way analysis variance (ANOVA), and hardness was measured by the Vicker's Hardness Tester(MHT-i, Matsuzawa, Japan) and the penetration of the resins were observed by the SEM (Hitachi, S-2300, Japan).The following conclusions were drawn ; 1. Enamel bonding agent showed to affect the improvement of bond strength of composite resin to enamel surface both unetched and etched. 2. Dentin bonding agents could be resulted in increase of bond strength to unetched enamel surface, but there were no statistical significances. 3. Bond strengths to etched enamel surface were significantly decreased with a coating of dentin primer only. 4. Coating of sealer only and coating of primer and sealer noticed the similar bond strengths of composite resin to etched enamel using the enamel bonding agents. 5. The applying method proved to be more effective than the kinds of dentin bonding agents on the bond strength of composite resin to etched enamel than the kind of dentin. 6. Vicker's hardness numbers of dentin bonding agents were lower than that of composite resin, but the degree of penetration of dentin bonding agents into etched enamel surfaces was excellent.

실관막 모듈에서 Cr(VI)제거 효율

최대웅 동의대학교 산업기술개발연구소 2007 産業技術硏究誌 Vol.21 No.-

원발성과 이차성 기흉에서 비디오흉강경수술의 임상결과

최순호,류대웅,이미경,이삼윤 원광대학교 의과학연구소 2009 圓光醫科學 Vol.24 No.1

배경: 젊은 성인에서 자발성기흉의 치료는 논란이 많다. 흉관삽관술로 구성된 고식적인 치료는 흉관 삽관시기의 이환율, 장기간의 입원 그리고 일정기간 안에 수술을 요한다. 젊은 성인에서 기흉은 보통 폐 첨부의 기포를 동반한 것처럼, 저자는 첫 기흉의 발생 시기에 기포의 흉강경하 절제는 낮은 이환율과 짧은 입원 일을 동반하는 효과적인 치료이며 개흉술에 대한 훌륭한 대체수단이라고 가정하였다. 대상 및 방법:2005년 1월부터 2006년 12월까지 166명의 기흉환자에서 비디오흉강경수술을 시행하였다. 155명은 남자이었고 11명은 여자이었다. 평균 나이는 29.3±6.7세(15-75세)이었다. 환자는 특히 날씬하고 키가 컸으며 증상의 발현시기에 경도의 호흡곤란과 흉통을 보였다. 폐 첨부의 기포는 조직 검사로 확인을 하였다.130명의 환자는 5일이상의 지속적인 공기누출과 흉부 컴퓨터사진상 다발성 기포 때문에,15명은 반대편 기흉으로, 7명은 양측성 기흉, 그리고 5명은 흉관삽관술의 치료 후 재발한 경우로 수술을 받았다. 모든 환자에서 Endo-GIA stapler 에 의한 폐 쐐기절제수술과 탈크도포, 그리고 늑막찰과상이 수행되었다. 추적 동안에 환자의 재발 과 잔존 만성 흉통을 관찰하였다. 결과: 수술사망은 없었다. 수술 후 합병증은 1명에서 과도한 늑막찰과상에 기인한 출혈로 재수술,9명의 환자에서는 7일 이상의 지속적인 공기누출, 그리고 3명에서 재발을 보였다. 재발은 수술 후 1-3개월 동안에 발생하였다. 그리고 또한 16명에서 경도의 잔존 흉통을 호소하였지만 진통제는 필요하지 않았다. 입원 일은 원발성 기흉 환자에서는 5.2±2.4일 그리고 이차성 기흉환자는 7.5±3.2일 이었다. 결론: 늑막유착술을 동반한 폐 첨부의 쐐기절제수술은 낮은 이환율과 짧은 입원 일을 동반하고, 초기 흉관삽관술이나 개흉수술 같은 고식적인 수술에 대한 매력적인 대체수단이다. 흉강경수술은 자발성 기흉 환자를 위한 효과적으로 처음 시도하는 수술일 수 있다. 이 질환의 병태생리상 기흉 환자는 기흉의 재발 때문에 엄밀한 추적을 요한다. Background:The treatment of spontaneous pneumothorax in young adult has been controversial. Conventional treatment consisting of chest tube thoracostomy may be associated with morbidity at the time of tube insertion, prolonged hospitalization, and interval operation in many patients. As spontaneous pneumothorax in young adults is usually associated with apical blebs, we hypothesized that video-assisted thoracic surgery(VATS) resection of the blebs at the time the first pneumothorax may be effective treatment associated with low morbidity and short hospital stay, and also viable alternative to thoracotomy. Method & materials. From Jan.2005 to Dec.2006,a series of 165 patients with spontaneous pneumothorax were treated by video-assisted thoracic surgery, there were 135 men and 11 women. The mean age was 29.3±6.7 years old(range:15to 78 years).Patients were predominantly tall and thin and also mildly symptomatic at the time of presentation. Apical bullae was confirmed in the pathologic specimen.139 patients was treated for persistent air leak(>5days) and multiple blebs & bullae on Chest CT, 15 patients for contralateral pneumothorax. 7 patients for bilateral pneumothorax, and another 5 patients for recurrent pneumothotax after conservative treatment. Stalpling of blebs and bullae with Edo-GIA stapler and pleurodesis by Talc poudrage and pleural abrasion was performed in all cases. During follow-up patients were observed for recurrence and residual chronic chest pain. Results: There was no postoperative death. Postoperative complications were reoperation due to excessive pleural abrasion in one patient and continued air leaks more than 7 days in 9 patients, and recurrence in 3 patients.Recurrence were occurred during postoperative 1 to 2 months also mild chronic residual chest pain also noted in 16 patients, but no required analgesics. The hospital stay was mean 5.2±2.4 days in primary spontaneous pneumothorax and mean 7.5±3.2 days in secondary pneumothorax. Conclusions: VATS wedge resection of apical bullaes with pleurodesis is associated with low morbidity and short hospitalization, and provides an attractive alternative to the conventional treatment of initial tube thoracostomy and possible interval repeat thoracostomy or operations. VATS may be an effective first line treatment for spontaneous pneumothorax.Due to the pathophysiology of this disease, patients should be closely followed for the occurrence of the pneumothorax.

廣域行政과 行政協議會

羅大雄,崔埈源 순천대학교 지역개발연구소 1997 地域開發硏究 Vol.8 No.-

Recently in Korea, the importance of regional administrative problems has been emphasized. Construction of industrial development area, housing development area and water service protection area are typical examples. These regional problems are difficult or impossible for an individual local government to execute them effectively. For that reason, a municipal government can not manage these things without cooperating with neighboring local governments. Accordingly, this study presents the improvements of administrative conference by analyzing its real situation and restrictions. Main contents of each chapter are as follows : Chapter Ⅰ deals with the purpose, scope and method of this research. Chapter Ⅱ describes the need and treatments of regional administration. Chapter Ⅲ analyses the actual operating conditions and the raised problems in detail. Chapter Ⅳ suggests the improvements of administrative conference of local governments. In conclusion, in order to activate the function of administrative conference of local governments it is necessary to secure finance, professionals and first of all to establish the cooperative culture among the chiefs of local governments, local councils, public servants and residents.

Rat의 복강내에 투여한 5-fluorouracil-polyglycolic acid 제형이 장기에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구

강대영,송규상,최정목,노승무,정경수,오정연,김진향,양준묵,최선웅,이진호,조준식,민병무,김용백,김창식,박근성,김승영,김학용,인현빈 충남대학교 의과대학 지역사회의학연구소 1998 충남의대잡지 Vol.25 No.1

For more effective intraperitoneal chemotherapy, the authers made 5-fluorouracil-polyglycolic acid composite disks(FU-PGA disks) with 5-fluorouracil and polyglycolic acid, a biodegradable polymer. We inserted the FU-PGA disk into the peritoneal cavites of Sprague-Dawley male rats, the control and three experimental groups; one FU-PGA disk insert group(300mg/kg), two FU-PGA disk insert group(600mg/kg), and three FU-PGA disk insert group(900mg/kg). The control group received a similar number of PGA disk inserts. A pharmacokinetic study was performed to measure the 5-fluorouracil concentration in the peritoneal fluid, blood, and tissues(liver, kidney and heart) at 24 hours, 72hours and 168 hours after insertion of the FU-PGA disk. Light and electron microscopic studies were done. The results were as follows: 1) The number of white blood cells and platelets decreased after FU-PGA insertion. The degree was proportional to the duration and amounts inserted. The change in the number of red blood cells varied slightly. 2) Light microscopically, slight changes were noted at 168 hours in the 3 disk insert group (900mg/kg). Mild fatty change and hepatocyte degeneration around the central veins of the liver were noted, with vacuolar degeneration in the proximal convoluted tubules of the kidney. 3) Electron microscopically,the liver showed focal increases of lipid droplets in the hepatocytes, and irregular nuclear membrane with focal nucleolar segregation of the fibrillar and granular elements. Also the double membranous structure of the hepatocytes and Kupffer cells was widened with bleb formation. The kidney showed wide separation of the nuclear double membrane in the proximal convoluted tubular cells and mesangial cells, with vacuolation and myelin figure formation in the mitochondria of the proximal convoluted tubular cells, at 72 hours and 168 hours in the 2 to 3 FU-PGA insert groups. The heart showed focal loss of cristae,vacuolation and myelin figure formation in the mitochondria of the 2 to 3 FU-PGA insert groups. In conclusion, despite the large amont of FU-PGA inserted, the histopathological changes in the liver, kidney and heart were slight, and consonant with the very low amount of 5-fluorouracil concentrations detected in the liver, kidney and heart. The above results suggest that the FU-PGA composite can serve as a new device for releasing drugs in a controlled manner and easily targeted to intraperitoneal organs. This device can improve the efficacy of intraperitoneal chemotherapy for gastric cancer.

위암 환자의 복강내 투여를 위한 Activated Charcoal-Alginate Bead 제형으로부터 Mitomycin C의 용출 거동

이진호,최선웅,서중기,김동민,정경수,오정연,김진향,노승무,민병무,김용백,김창식,박근성,강대영,송규상,양준묵,조준식,정현용,김학용,인현빈 충남대학교 의과대학 지역사회의학연구소 1998 충남의대잡지 Vol.25 No.1

Locoregional recurrence is the most common type of recurrence in surgical operation of gastric adenocarcinoma, and peritoneal dissemination is one of the most difficult problems in advanced gastric adenocarcinoma treatment. Because the peritoneal cavity is the most common site of the first recurrence after gastric cancer resection, intraperitoneal chemotherapy seems a logical choice for cancer chemotherapy. In this study, Mitomycin C (MMC)-activated charcoal (CH)-alginate (ALG) beads were prepared by the mixtures of CH particles adsorbed with MMC as an anti-cancer drug and aqueous alginate solution. The alginate is recognized as biodegradable, nontoxic, and biocompatible. The release of MMC from the beads in 0.1 M Tris buffer was stable and continuous until about 1 week. The MMC-CH-ALG beads can be applied in the peritoneal cavity for intraperitoneal chemotherapy since they provide a good adhesiveness on the tissue and controlled release pattern of the drugs.

백서의 복강내에 투여한 Mitomycin-C-Polyglycolic acid 제형이 장기에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구

송규상,강대영,최정목,노승무,정경수,오정연,김진향,양준목,최선웅,이진호,조준식,민병무,김용백,김창식,박근성,김승영,김학용,인현빈 충남대학교 의과대학 지역사회의학연구소 1998 충남의대잡지 Vol.25 No.1

To evaluate the in-vivo effects of mitomycin-C-polyglycolic acid composite(MMC-PGA) the disk: shaped composite were implanted into the peritoneal cavity of the Sprague-Dawley rats. The pathologic changes were examined at various time points up to 12 weeks. Initially the soft tissue around the inserted disks showed capillary congestion at 3 days. Inflammatory infiltrates with foreign body giant cells appeared from the 2nd week and reached peak response at 6-8 weeks. These reaction diminished prominently at 12 weeks. No specific pathologic change was found in the liver, the kidneys, and the heart. The above results suggest that the MMC-PGA composite can serve as a new device for intraperitoneal chemotherapy of various types of cancers.

일차성 흉곽내 갑상선종 : 1예 보고

이미경,류대웅,이삼윤,최순호 원광대학교 의과학연구소 2009 圓光醫科學 Vol.24 No.1

Intrathoracic goiter consist of two types, namely, the primary intrathoracic goiter and secondary intrathoracic goiter. Primary intrathoracic goiters are very rare. Fifteen to fifty percent of these patients are asymptomatic. Symptoms, when present, are usually the result of tracheal or esophageal compression. Standard chest roentgenograms are often diagnostic but computed tomographic or radioactive iodine scans may be helpful. In symptomatic patients or those in whom explorations are undertaken for diagnostic purpose or exclude carcinoma, surgical removal is indicated. We report here on a case that was completely removed with using the thoracoscopic assist technique. The postoperative courses were uneventful.

Rat의 복강에 삽입한 Fluorouracil-Polyglycolic acid 제형의 Fluorouracil 용출에 관한 연구

노승무,정경수,오정연,김진향,양준묵,강대영,송규상,최정목,최선웅,이진호,조준식,민병무,김용백,김창식,박근성,김승영,김학용,인현빈 忠南大學校 癌共同硏究所 1998 癌共同硏究所 硏究誌 Vol.2 No.1

A common form of relapse in adenocarcinoma of the stomach is intraperitoneal dissemination, in fact, among gastric adenocarcinoma patients who have undergone surgery intended to cure, approximately 50% of the patients develope initial recurrence in the peritoneal cavity regardless of the anatomic site of the primary tumor within the stomach. The efficacy of systemic postoperative chemotherapy to prevent peritoneal recurrence of gastrric adcnocarcinoma is not satisfactory. There is still a great need for improved therapeutic strategies on the disseminated microscopic disease and small miliary nodules remaining on the peritoneal surface or lymphatics after operation. The authers have made fluorouracil-polyglycolic acid composite disks(Fu-PGA disks) with fluorouracil and biodegradable polymer: polyglycolic acid for more effective intraperitoneal chemotherapy. We inserted the Fu-PGA disk(s) in the peritoneal cavity of rat and pharmacokinetic study was performed to measure fluorouracil concentration in the peritoneal fluid, plasma, liver, kidney and heart tissue at 24 hour, 72 hour and 168 hour after insertion of Fu-PGA disk(s). Myelosuppressive action of this composite also was determined following its administration. The data of this study suggested that Fu-PGA composite will be a new device releasing drugs in a controlled manner and having targetability to peritoneum, and this device will be improving the efficacy of intraperitoneal chemotherapy for gastric adenocarcinoma.