Clinicopathological study on metastatic skin cancer

( Chang Il Kwon ),( Seo Mi Gon Jeong ),( Young Bin Shin ),( Yun Sun Moon ),( Eui Chang Jung ),( Chi Yeon Kim ),( Tae Jin Yoon ) 대한피부과학회 2020 대한피부과학회 학술발표대회집 Vol.72 No.1

Background: Various primary tumors can cause metastatic skin cancer. Metastatic skin lesion should be distinguished from other skin lesion. Objectives: We studied patients with metastatic skin cancer to find out average age, gender distribution, frequency of primary tumor, time interval between manifestation and primary cancer, and their clinical appearance, location and other metastatic sites. Methods: We reviewed the medical records, clinical photographs and histopathologic records of patients who had been diagnosed with metastatic skin cancer. Results: In the comparison according to clinical records, the mean age at the time of diagnosis was 60.6 years. The ratio of men to women was 1.05:1. The most frequent primary tumors were breast cancer (22.0%), lung cancer (17.0%), head and neck cancer (17%), melanoma (17.0%), gastrointestinal cancer (11%), urologic cancer (11%), and gynecologic cancer (6%). Metastatic skin cancers usually presented as discrete, painless, hard nodules, with sudden onset (88%). Conclusion: Based on the results of this study, it is believed that it is important to recognize the metastatic lesion between various skin lesion such as infections and granulomatous changes of other cause due to drugs and reactive changes.

Allogenic succession of Korean fir (<i>Abies koreana Wils.</i>) forests in different climate condition

Lim, Chi Hong,An, Ji Hong,Jung, Song Hie,Lee, Chang Seok Springer Japan 2018 Ecological research Vol.33 No.2

<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>This study was conducted to clarify the changes in vegetation that occurred due to changing environmental factors, especially climate, at Korean fir (<I>Abies koreana</I>) stands with different climatic conditions established on Mt. Halla, which is located on a southern island of South Korea. The difference of species composition between sites was large and depended on elevation and slope aspect at lower elevations, whereas not as much among stands or between sites at the highest elevations of each slope aspect. It was interpreted that differences and similarities among sites were dominated by the microclimate determined by the topographic conditions of each site. The result of vegetation dynamics analysis predicted that the Korean fir forests would be replaced by temperate forests such as Mongolian oak (<I>Quercus mongolica</I>) forests or shade intolerant forests composed of early successional species such as Korean cherry (<I>Prunus maximowiczii</I>) and Spreading yew (<I>Taxus cuspidata</I>) at lower elevations, while would continuously persist at the highest elevations. We interpreted the vegetation changes appeared at the lower elevations as an allogenic succession, as the recent rapid climate changes directly and indirectly dominated the change. The species distribution modeling predicted that the distributional range of Korean fir would decrease to 13.4 and 10.1% of the current distribution in 2050 and 2070, respectively. Further, the distribution modeling showed that the sites located at lower elevations would no longer be within the distributional range of Korean fir forest, and those at the highest elevations would be sparsely scattered in fragmented states.</P>

A survey of counseling and behavior regarding skin cancer

( Young Bin Shin ),( Chang Il Kwon ),( Jeong Won Jo ),( Yun Sun Moon ),( Eui Chang Jung ),( Chi Yeon Kim ),( Tae Jin Yoon ) 대한피부과학회 2019 대한피부과학회 학술발표대회집 Vol.71 No.2

Background: As the incidence of skin cancer increases, more information and education on skin cancer are needed. Although skin cancer is not rare, most patients are little known about general awareness of skin cancer. Objectives: The purpose of this study is to investigate the post-education effects on skin cancer in our hospital outpaitents and carers. Methods: We reviewed a written questionnaire and patients’ self-checked records including patients’ basic medical information and knowledge of skin cancer protective modalities. Results: In total 340 cases, 215 (63.2%) patients were female and 125 (36.8%) patients were male. 6 people in their teens, 56 people in their 20s and 30s, 156 people in their 40s and 50s, 122 people in their 60s or older. Before education, 142 people said sunlight can cause a skin cancer and 178 did not. After education, 246 people said Yes and 94 people did not. When asked how you wanted to get more information on skin cancer, 104 (30.6%) people said that they were printed handout, 142 (41.8%) were visit to dermatologists, 52 (15.3%) were photos of skin symptoms, and 42 (12.3%) were phone calls. Conclusion: This result showed that people are little known about risk factor of skin cancer such as sunlight and artificial tanning. However, we found that through education, people's perceptions could change. The education on behavior for skin cancer prevention should be continued so that the awareness of the risk of skin cancer can be changed.

복강경 담낭절제술 300예의 임상분석

김호성,김상준,장인택,지경천,이정효 대한소화기내시경학회 1992 Clinical Endoscopy Vol.12 No.2

Depiartment of General Surgery, Cdlege of Medicine, Chung-AstB University With advancement of endoscopical instruments and technique, gallstone diseases can be managed with laparoscopic cholacystectomy which had rapidly and radically changed the surgicl treatment of gallstone diseases. The ideas of laparoacopic surgery was introduced 11y Germany gynecologist Serum, in 1967 and was first performed by French surgeon Mouret, Dtbois in 1987. Although many reports of early laparoscopic cholec,stectomy were excellent, many surgeons want to know the surgical results of laparoscopie cholcystectomy are enough good to perform comparing with the conventional cholecystectomy, especially in early complications and late complications. To know about above problems, we had clinical analysis of 300 patients with laparoscopic cholecystectomy who were admitted to the Departme$gt;tt of Surgery, Yong San Hospital, Chung Ang University from September 1990 to December 1991. The authors intentionally divided the observation periods into 3 groups. The first group including from 1st case to 100 cases, the second group f#om IOlth to 200th cases, the third group from 201th cases to 300th cases and observed periodical change of early and late complications fo laparoscopic cholecystectomy with accumulations kf surgical experience and improvement of surgical techniques. It's results were as follows. 1) The most prevalent age group was 4th decades arid the male to female ratio was 1 : 1.5 and had no periodical change. 2) Coexistent diseases were obesity of 30 cases(35%), hypertension of 20 cases(24%), pulmonary tuberculosis of 16 cases(19% ) in order. 3) The number of previous abdominal operations were appendectomy of 29 cases(38%), TAH of 18 cases(24%), C-section of 14 cases(l8%) in order. 4) The average operation time was 42.5 minutes and decreased compared with the past period. 5) The average postoperative hospitalization was 6 days. 6) The most predominant type in pathalogical clasfication was chronic cholecystitis(79%) and next common type was cholesterolosis(12%) 7) The most common postoperative complications mere bleeding of 3 cases(1%). bile leakage of 3 cases(1%) in order and had no periodical change. 8) The number of p41c),ts that needed Parentral'narcotics were as follows: Postoperative day: 163 casest54%)$gt; Pf.1D I: 154 cas(5L.3%), Pt7D 2: 96 cases(32.0%) and had no periodical change. 9) The frequency of parenteral narcotics were as follow: Postoperative day: 1.8, POD 1: 1.6, POD 2: 1.4 and had no periodical change. 10) According to oral cholecystogram, opacification correlated with operation time of laparoscopic cholecystectomy.

비선형모델의 선형화 변환 기법

장영우,황치정 충남대학교 기초과학연구소 1995 忠南科學硏究誌 Vol.22 No.1

For analyzing systems of multi-variate nonlinear equations, the linearized modelling techniques are expedited. The technique applies Newton-Raphson iteration, partial differentiation and matrix operation providing solvable solutions to complicated problems. Practical application examples are given in; determining the zero point of functions, determining maximum (or minimum) point of functions, nonlinear regression analysis, and solving complex coefficient polynomials. Merits and demerits of linearized modelling techniques are also discussed.

埋設管의 擧動에 관한 硏究

장기태,옥치남,정성교 國立金烏工科大學校附設生産技術硏究所 1989 産業技術開發硏究 Vol.5 No.-

The conventional design method of buried pipes is based on both "the force concept" and "the stress concept", which makes much confusion. New design method is needed to make consideration of some condition such as: 1) the Soil-structure interaction, 2) the geometry of buried pipes, 3) the material properties of soil and pipes, 4) the effect of backfill soil For the analysis of pipes the finite element method is used here, with the hyperbolic stress-strain model for both the surrounding soil and foundation concrete. This program also considers the effect of the residual stress induced by compaction during backfill, as well as change of soil due to excavation.

발열을 동반한 호중구감소증에서 Cefepime 단독투여와 Ceftazidime 및 Tobramycin 병합투여의 효능비교

정현욱,채제욱,강미라,양정채,문치숙,기현균,장현하,오원섭,김기현,백경란,이남용,송재훈 대한감염학회 2004 감염과 화학요법 Vol.36 No.6

목적 : 국내에서 발열을 동반한 호중구감소증이 있는 악성 종양환자에게 경험적 항생제로 베타락탐계 항생제와 아미노배당체의 병합요법의 사용이 일반적이다. Cefepime은 광범위 항균 작용을 가지고 있어, 그람 음성균 뿐만 아니라 그람 양성균에 대해서도 우수한 효과를 나타낸다. 재료 및 방법: 발열을 동반한 호중구감소증이 있는 악성 종양환자를 대상으로 무작위, 공개, 비교 연구를 시행하였다. 대상 환자를 무작위로 cefepime 단독요법군과 ceftazidime 및 tobramycin 병합요법군으로 나누어 투여하고 각각의 임상적 효능과 안전성을 비교하였다. 구강및 인후 점막염이 있는 환자에서 분리된 녹색 연쇄알 구균에 대한 항생제 내성 정도를 조사하였다. 결과 : 대상환자 89명 중 CA 투여군이 48예(53.9%), CT 투여군이 41예(46.1%)이었다. 발열의 유형별로 MDI는 18예(20.2%), CDI는 9예(10.1%), UF는 62예(69.7%)로 두 군 간에 차이가 없었다. CA 투여군과 CT 투여군의 임상적 호전률은 시험약 투여 후 2-4일째 각각 91.7%, 85.4% (P=0.31), 치료 종료 시 각각 91.7%, 100% (P=0.15)로 두 군간에 유의한 차이가 없었다. 치료 종료 시 CA 투여군과 CT 투여군의 세균학적 소실률은 모두 100%로 두 군간의 유의한 차이가 없었다(P=0.78). 점막염이 있는 환자로부터 녹색 연쇄알 구균이 분리된 경우는 25예(28.1%)이었으며, 분리된 녹색 연쇄알 구균은 penicillin, ceftriaxone, cefepime, vancomycin에 모두 감수성을 보였다. 약제 관련 이상 반응의 발생 빈도도 두 군간에 유의한 차이가 없었다. 결론 : 발열을 동반한 호중구감소증이 있는 악성 종양환자의 경험적 항생제로서 cefepime 단독요법은 ceftazidime 및 아미노배당체의 병합요법만큼 효과적이고 안전하였다. Background : Broad-spectrum antibiotic therapy has been recommended as an empirical regimen in cancer patients with febrile neutropenia. Cefepime is a fourth generation cephalosporin with good activity against both gram-positive cocci and gram-negative bacilli. Materials and Methods : To compare the efficacy and safety of cefepime alone with ceftazidime plus tobramycin as empirical regimen for adult cancer patients with febrile neutropenia, a randomized, open label, comparative trial was performed. If the patient showed clinical improvent 72 hours, antibiotic could be changed to oral ciprofloxacin. Clinical and microbiological responses were determined at 72 hours and at the end of therapy. To investigate the antimicrobial resistance of viridans streptococci, swab cultures were obtained from throat in all enrolled patients and antimicrobial susceptibility tests were performed by using microdilution method according to the NCCLS. Results : A total of 89 patients were enrolled. Forty-eight patients received cefepime alone (CA), and 41 patients received ceftazidime plus tobramycin (CT). Demographic and baseline clinical characteristics were similar in both groups (P>0.05). The initial clinical success rate at day 2-4 in group CA (91.7%) was similar with that in CT group (85.4%) (P=0.31). At the end of therapy, the final clinical success rate in CA group (91.7%) was similar to that in CT group (100%) (P=0.15). In 18 patients, with microbiologically defined infections, the eradication rate was 100% in both groups. Adverse events including liver dysfunction (21.3%) and renal dysfunction (2.2%), were similar in both groups (P=0.87). Viridans streptococci were isolated from the throat cultures in 25 cases, and all of these strains were susceptible to penicillin (MIC_(90) 0.12 ㎍/mL), cefepime (1 ㎍/mL), and vancomycin (0.12 ㎍/mL). Conclusion : Efficacy and safety of cefepime monotherapy was comparable to the combination of ceftazidime and tobramycin. It could be used as an alternative empirical regimen for treating cancer patients with febrile neutropenia.

Newton-Raphson Method와 Matrix를 이용한 고차방정식의 인수분해 기법

장영우,황치정 충남대학교 기초과학연구소 1995 忠南科學硏究誌 Vol.22 No.1

Application of Newton-Raphson iteration, partial differentiation and linear algebra in factoring both real and complex coefficient polynomials is presented. When factorizating complex polynomials, it is shown that calculations can be performed in real arithmetic only. Complex cases expand the matrix size by a factor of two due to the real-numbers-only computation. For complex cases with large matrices, the method to calculate inverse matrix and factor polynomials using quarter matrices is suggested.

On the Strengthening Effects Affecting Tensile and Low Cycle Fatigue Properties of Low-Alloyed Seismic/Fire-Resistant Structural Steels

Jung‑Ho Sim,Tae‑Yeong Kim,Jun‑Yeon Kim,Chi‑Won Kim,Jun‑Ho Chung,Joonoh Moon,Chang‑Hoon Lee,Hyun‑Uk Hong 대한금속·재료학회 2022 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.28 No.2

In the present study, low carbon ferritic and bainitic steels with different contents of Mo, Ti, and Nb were designed for bothseismic and fire-resistant applications. The microstructure of steels containing 0.3 wt% Mo–0.02 wt% Nb (‘A’ hereinafter)was mainly composed of bainite. By contrast, the microstructure of steels with 0.2 wt% Mo–0.13 wt% Ti (‘B’ hereinafter)consisted of ferrite with a high density of nano-sized (Ti,Mo)-rich MX precipitates. The results showed that the bainiticmicrostructure (‘A’ steel) was quite favorable to high-temperature strength and thermal stability. The yield strength of ‘A’ steelat both room and 600 °C temperatures increased consistently with increasing thermal exposure time (600 °C/200–1000 h),since the precipitation of NbC particles occurred while maintaining bainitic ferrite platelets with a high density of dislocationsduring exposure. In the ‘B’ steel, the formation of nano-sized (Ti,Mo)-rich MX particles was effective to impededislocation movement, leading to excellent plasticity (lower yield ratio) at room temperature. However, their contributionto precipitation hardening was not so much at 600 °C, as compared to the bainitic strengthening. During low cycle fatiguetests at room temperature, the main different feature between the two steels is that the ‘A’ steel showed cyclic softeningwhile cyclic hardening was evident in the ‘B’ steel. The bainitic microstructure showed a better fatigue life due to increasedductility manifested by cyclic softening, by which dislocation cell was developed.

Gauss-Seidel 계의 수렴조건및 해석에 관한 고찰

장영우,황치정 충남대학교 기초과학연구소 1995 忠南科學硏究誌 Vol.22 No.1

Gauss-Seidel iteration method can be used in analyzing multi-variate linear systems of equations. This method provides fast algorithm when convergence conditions are satisfied. But, normally it is tricky and difficult to have satisfactory convergence conditions. This paper researches possibilities of applying Gauss-Seidel method to nonlinear cases as well as linear cases. Simple criteria for finding convergence conditions are presented. Given the difficulty of meeting convergence conditions, a linearized approach is suggested for solving most nonlinear systems derived from Gauss-Seidel forms.