면역 억제 마우스에서 플라티코딘 D 함량이 증가한 도라지 추출물의 면역 증진 효과

이은별,최지혜,황인국,장환희,황경아,박신영,홍하철,이성현 한국식품영양과학회 2020 한국식품영양과학회지 Vol.49 No.10

Doraji, the root of Platycodon grandiflorum (PG), has been used as a food and traditional oriental medicine to treat immune-related diseases, such as asthma and bronchitis. Platycodin D is considered one of the major functional components of PG. This study evaluated the immunomodulatory effects of a PG extract (PGD) with eight times the amount of platycodin D using a new extraction protocol on immunosuppressed mice induced by cyclophosphamide (CPA). The immune-stimulating effects on six groups were compared: one normal control group without CPA (NOR) and five CPA treated groups (NC, negative control; PC, positive control treated with β-glucan 50 mg/kg body weight (BW); PG, PG extract 150 mg/kg BW; PGD1 and PGD2 with PGD at 75 and 150 mg/kg BW, respectively). After 10 days of oral administration, the body weight gain increased in the PGD groups compared to the NC group, and PGD2 was comparable to the NOR group. PGD significantly and effectively controlled the IgG, IL-1β, and TNF-α levels than PG. The peritoneal NK cell activity was improved in the PC and PGD2 groups. Therefore, the PGD with a high platycodin D value may be a good supplement to stimulate the immune system in immunodepressed conditions. 최근 면역에 대한 중요성이 대두되면서 면역 기능을 조절할 수 있는 식품 소재 연구가 활발히 진행되고 있다. 면역과 관련하여 대표적 기능성 소재인 도라지(Platycodon grandiflorum)의 주요 생리활성 성분으로 platycodin D는 면역 조절 효과가 우수한 것으로 알려져 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 도라지로부터 platycodin D를 효과적으로 추출하는 방법을 개발하고 일반적인 방법에 의한 추출물(PG)보다 약 8배 platycodin D 함량이 증가한 도라지 추출물(PGD)의 기능성을 평가하였다. CPA로 면역 저하된 마우스에 PG 및 PGD 도라지 추출물을 10일 동안 경구 투여하고 면역 관련 지표들을 분석하였다. 그 결과, CPA 투여로 실험동물의 체중이 감소되었으나 PGD는 CPA로 인한 체중 감소 증상을 유의적으로 개선하였다. 이것은 PGD를 섭취할 때 안전할 뿐만 아니라 CPA에 의한 부작용으로부터 보호해 줄 수 있는 것으로 해석된다. 또한 PGD1는 PG군(150 mg/kg 체중)에서 투여한 용량의 절반 수준(75 mg/kg 체중)으로 면역이 저하된 마우스에서 감소된 혈중 IgA 및 IgG 수준을 PG군 혹은 β-glucan을 투여한 PC군과 유사한 수준으로 증가시켰다. PGD는 세포 매개성 면역 반응에 관여하는 Th1 사이토카인(IL-1β)의 함량을 높이고, 체액성 면역력에 영향을 미치는 Th2 사이토카인(TNF-α, IL-6) 함량을 감소시켜 면역 조절에 관여하는 것으로 보인다. PGD는 면역 저하로 감소된 NK세포의 활성을 농도 의존적으로 정상 수준까지 향상시켰고, PGD2군은 같은 용량(150 mg/kg 체중)에서 PG군보다 유의하게 높은 활성을 보였다. 따라서 개선된 기술로 platycodin D 함량이 증가한 도라지 추출물은 면역 조절 효과가 우수하고, 국내 건강기능식품 기능성 원료의 후보 소재로 기대된다.

한국의 중동·아랍·이슬람 보도 지형 빅카인즈를 이용한 국내 언론 보도(1990-2021) 분석

이은별,이종명 한국언론정보학회 2022 한국언론정보학보 Vol.112 No.-

This study examines the news reporting on the Middle East, Arab, and Islam by topic and year from 1990 to August 2021 through BigKinds, a news big data analysis system. As a result, among 26 countries in the Middle East, the top 10 countries (Iraq, Iran, Saudi Arabia, Israel, Syria, the United Arab Emirates, Egypt, Turkey, Palestine, and Afghanistan) are selected with the highest coverage. They were concentrated in the international category, but the United Arab Emirates showed unrivaled coverage in the economic field. In addition, due to the instability in the Middle East and the intervention of the U.S., the amount of coverage increased at a specific time according to issues. Based on this news reporting, the characteristics of defining the Middle East, Arab, and Islam confirmed the United States, which has a strong influence in the Middle East as a non-Arab country, solidarity with the Arab and Islamic communities according to the establishment of relations with Israel in the region. Accordingly, from a political and diplomatic point of view, the Korean media focused on the foreign policy toward the Middle East and national-centered events. And from an economic point of view, while emphasizing economic cooperation relations for market diversification, it approached with fragmentary and limited cultural understanding.

Lifespan-extending property of 6-shogaol from Zingiber officinale Roscoe in Caenorhabditis elegans

이은별,김준형,김영지,노윤정,김수진,황인현,김대근 대한약학회 2018 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.41 No.7

Aging is a key risk factor for many diseases,understanding the mechanism of which is becoming moreimportant for drug development given the fast-growingaging population. In the course of our continued efforts todiscover anti-aging natural products, the active constituent6-shogaol was isolated from Zingiber officinale Roscoe. The chemical structure of 6-shogaol was identified bycomparison of its NMR data with literature values. Thelifespan-extending effect of 6-shogaol was observed in adose-dependent manner in Caenorhabditis elegans that hasbeen widely used as a model organism for human agingstudies. Mechanism of such action was investigated usingC. elegans models, suggesting that 6-shogaol is capable ofincreasing stress tolerances via enzyme induction. Theproposed mechanism was further supported by observationof the increase in SOD and HSP expressions upon treatmentwith 6-shogaol in transgenic strains of C. eleganswhich contain GFP-based reporters. In addition, themechanism was elaborated by confirming that the effectobserved for 6-shogaol is independent from other agingrelatedfactors that are known to affect the aging process ofC. elegans.

Lifespan-extending and stress resistance properties of brazilin from Caesalpinia sappan in Caenorhabditis elegans

이은별,Ming Ming Xing,김대근 대한약학회 2017 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.40 No.7

This study contributes to the continual discovery of lifespan-extending compounds from plants, using the Caenorhabditis elegans model system. An ethyl acetate soluble fraction of methanol extract from the heartwood of Caesalpinia sappan showed a significant lifespan-extending activity. Subsequent activity-guided chromatography of the ethyl acetate-soluble fraction led to the isolation of brazilin. Brazilin showed potent 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging and superoxide anion quenching activities and also revealed a lifespan-extending activity in C. elegans under normal culture conditions. Brazilin also exhibited the protective effects against thermal, oxidative and osmotic stress conditions to improve the survival rate of the nematode. Furthermore, brazilin elevated superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and decreased intracellular reactive oxygen species accumulation in C. elegans. Further studies showed that brazilin-mediated increased stress tolerance of worms could be due to increased expressions of stress resistance proteins such as heat shock protein (HSP-16.2) and superoxide dismutase (SOD-3). Besides, there were no significant, brazilin-induced changes in aging-related factors, including progeny production, food intake, and growth, indicating brazilin influences longevity activity independent of affecting these factors. Brazilin increased the body movement of aged worms, indicating brazilin affects the healthspan and lifespan of nematode. These results suggest that brazilin contributes to the lifespan of C. elegans under both normal and stress conditions by increasing the expressions of stress resistance proteins.

홍도라지 추출물이 마우스 모델에서 Cyclophosphamide에 의한 면역력 저하 억제에 미치는 영향

이은별,최지혜,장환희,홍하철,이해정,정현철,이성진,이성현 한국생약학회 2020 생약학회지 Vol.51 No.4

This study was conducted to evaluate the immunomodulatory effects of red doraji (Platycodon grandiflorum, RD) prepared by repeated steaming and drying process in the immune-suppressed mice induced by pre (RD-A) or post-treatment (RD-B) with cyclophosphamide. The immune-stimulating effects of ethanol RD extract in in vivo at 150 (RD-1) and 300 mg/kg body weight (RD-2) for RD-A and RD-B groups were measured and compared to the NC group supplied with distilled water only or positive control group. After 14 days of oral supplement, serum IgA, IgG, and cytokine levels, splenocytes proliferation rate, NK cell activity, and gene expression of cytokines were measured as immune related biomarkers. Serum IgA, IgG, IL-1β, and IL-12 levels increased in both RD-A and RD-B groups while serum TNF-a level decreased in RD-A group compared to the NC group. Splenocytes proliferation rate, NK cell activity, and cytokine (IL-1β, IL-6, IFN-γ) expression levels were also improved by RD supplement in the both groups. The RD showed more significant immunomodulatory effects at higher dose (RD-2) rather than the lower dose (RD-1). Thus, RD has an immune efficacy in a dose dependent manner and can be used as an immune stimulating source to improve immunity.

Preparation and Characterization of Crosslinked Sulfonated Poly(ether ether ketone) Membranes Using 4-Vinylbenzyl Chloride via Electron Beam Irradiation and Subsequent Friedel-Craft Reaction

이은별,이연식,Qing Bo Meng,신준화 한국고분자학회 2014 Macromolecular Research Vol.22 No.10

In general, excessive water uptake of highly sulfonated aromatic hydrocarbon membranes limits their usein the fabrication of polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs). In this study, sulfonated poly(ether etherketone) (SPEEK) was successfully crosslinked using 4-vinylbenzyl chloride as a crosslinking agent via electron beam(EB) irradiation and subsequent Friedel-Craft reaction. The crosslinking process significantly reduced the water uptakeand methanol permeability of the SPEEK membranes, and greatly improved their dimensional stability and mechanicalstrength, although with a slight reduction in elongation at break. The process reduced the proton conductivity ofthe SPEEK membranes, but the proton conductivities of the crosslinked SPEEK membranes remained comparableto that of Nafion 212. The study results demonstrated the potential of the proposed crosslinking procedure to overcomeexcessive water uptake-induced problems of highly sulfonated aromatic hydrocarbon membranes.

터너증후군에서 성장호르몬과 성호르몬 치료에 따른 인슐린 저항성의 변화

이은별,채현욱,김호성,김덕희 대한소아내분비학회 2010 Annals of Pediatirc Endocrinology & Metabolism Vol.15 No.1

Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of growth hormone (GH) therapy and sex steroid replacement on glucose metabolism in Turner syndrome (TS). Methods: We analyzed the clinical and laboratory data of 61 children and adults with TS. The results of oral glucose tolerance test or fasting glucose with insulin levels were obtained, and the changes in insulin resistance index determined using the homeostasis model of assessment (HOMA-IR) and insulin sensitivity (quantitative insulin sensitivity check index, QUICKI) were analyzed. Data were presented in median and range. Results: With GH treatment (n=21; median duration, 38 months; range, 5-96 months), the HOMA-IR increased to levels higher than that before treatment (2.48 vs. 1.18, P=0.035), and QUICKI was decreased (0.33 vs. 0.37, P=0.035). After estrogen was added (n=13, median duration 11 months, range 2 to 55 months) to the therapy, the decrease in HOMA-IR tended to be greater and QUICKI tended to be higher (0.34 vs. 0.37, P=0.046) than that during GH treatment alone (2.16 vs. 1.36, P=0.055). However, there were no significant differences between GH with estrogen treatment and sex hormone cyclic replacement therapy (n=7) in terms of changes in the HOMA-IR and QUICKI. With GH treatment, insulin resistance tended to increase and the insulin sensitivity was tended to decrease to a level lower than that before treatment, but recovered when estrogen was added to the treatment regimenon and maintained after GH therapy was discontinued and during cyclic treatment with sex steroids. Conclusion: The incidence of glucose intolerance or the levels of type 2 diabetes mellitus did not increased during or after GH treatment in patients with TS, but insulin resistance increased transiently; therefore, close monitoring of changes in glucose metabolism is essential during GH treatment. Early replacement of estrogen in addition to GH therapy when growth is nearly accomplished might prevent the aggravation of insulin resistance in TS patients. 목 적: 터너증후군에서 인슐린 민감도의 감소, 내당능장애, 당뇨 등의 유병률이 높게 보고되고 있으며, 이는 심혈관 질환 발생의 위험도를 증가시킨다. 본 연구에서는 터너증후군 환자에서 성장호르몬과 여성호르몬이 당대사에 미치는 영향을 알아보고자 하였다. 방 법: 터너증후군으로 세브란스 어린이병원에서 추적관찰 중인 소아 및 성인 환자 중 경구 당부하 검사 또는 공복 혈당 및 인슐린 농도를 측정한 61명의 기록을 후향적으로 고찰하여 성장호르몬, 에스트로겐 및 프로게스테론 보충요법에 따른 인슐린 저항성 변화를 분석하였다. 인슐린 저항성은 homeostasis model assessment (HOMA-IR)와 qunatitative insulin sensitivity check index (QUICKI)를 이용하였다. 결과는 중간값과 범위로 표시하였다. 결 과: HOMA-IR은 호르몬 치료를 전혀 하지 않은 상태(1.18, 0.31-3.75)에 비해서 성장호르몬 투여 중(2.48, 0.32- 5.19)에 더 증가하였으며(n=21, P=0.035), QUICKI는 호르몬 치료 전(0.37, 0.31-0.47)에 비해서 성장호르몬 투여 중(0.33, 0.30-0.47)에 더 감소하였다(n=21, P=0.035). 성장호르몬만 사용하던 중과 비교하여 여성호르몬을 추가하였을 때 HOMA -IR은 감소하는 양상을 보였고(n=13; 각각 2.61, 0.30-4.82; 1.36, 0.36-3.81; P=0.055), QUICKI는 증가하였다(n=13; 각각 0.34, 0.30-0.48; 0.37, 0.31-0.46; P=0.046). 성장호르몬과 에스트로겐을 치료할 때와 여성호르몬 주기적 보충요법을 시행할 때를 비교하였을 때, 인슐린 저항성과 민감도의 차이는 보이지 않았다. 치료 전에 비하여 성장호르몬을 치료하는 중에 인슐린 저항성이 증가하고 민감도가 감소하는 경향을 보였으나 에스트로겐을 추가하면서 이러한 경향은 치료 전과 비슷하게 회복되었고 성장호르몬을 중단하고 여성호르몬 주기적 보충요법을 시행하는 중에도 유지되었다. 결 론: 터너증후군 환자에서 성장호르몬 치료는 내당능장애나 2형 당뇨병을 증가시키지는 않으나 치료 기간 중 인슐린 저항성을 증가시키므로, 성장호르몬 치료 전후에 당대사에 대한 주의 깊은 관찰이 필요하며, 성장이 거의 종료된 터너증후군 환자에서 성장호르몬 치료에 여성호르몬을 추가하는 것이 인슐린 저항성 악화를 예방할 수 있을 것으로 생각된다.

한국식품산업클러스터진흥원 인턴 수기

이은별 한국식품영양과학회 2022 식품산업과 영양 Vol.27 No.1

중학교 현장에서의 학습장애 판별

이은별 한국학습장애학회 2019 한국학습장애학회 학술대회지 Vol.2019 No.-

연구실 사고 예방을 위한 안전관리 개선방안 연구

이은별,유병태,윤준헌 한국가스학회 2020 한국가스학회지 Vol.24 No.4

The Act on the Establishment of Laboratory Safety Environment was enacted in2015 to prevent safety accidents occurring in laboratories. However, it is time for fundamentaland comprehensive safety management measures since various systems for laboratory safetyare operated at the same time. The purpose of this study is to propose effective improvementmethods in terms of the safety management inspection system. The laboratory’s safety managementstatutes were investigated and compared, and problems arising from differences in inspectionsystems were derived. Further, specific inspection items were compared separatelyfrom the facility aspect and the management aspect. The improvement method was proposed. As a result, although it was the same lab, it was managed by different tests at different times. There were differences in inspection items that focused on the structure and performance ofchemical facilities, or on the management criteria such as storage of reagents and managementof toxic materials. The problems and suggestions considered in this study are expected to helpdevelop the safety management system for preventing laboratory accidents. 기업부설연구소나 학교 내의 연구실에서 빈번하게 발생하는 안전사고를 예방하기 위해 2015년 연구실 안전환경 조성에 관한 법률이 제정되었다. 하지만, 연구실 안전을 위한 여러 제도가 동시에 운영되고 있어 근본적이고 총괄적인 안전관리 대책이 필요한 시점이다. 본 연구에서는 안전관리 검사체계 측면의 실효적인 개선방법을 제안하고자 먼저, 국내 연구실 안전관리 규정을 조사 · 비교하였으며, 규정 간 검사의 차이로 인해 발생하는 문제점을 도출하였다. 또한, 각 규정의 구체적인 검사항목을 시설측면과 관리측면으로 구분하여 비교하고, 그 개선 방법을 제안하였다. 그 결과 동일한 연구실임에도 불구하고 시기에 따라 다른 법령에 따른 검사로 관리되고 있었으며, 검사항목에서도 화학시설의 구조 및 성능에 관한 안전기준을 중점과 시약 및 폐액의 보관 상태, 독성물질의 관리상태 등의관리기준 중점으로 차이가 있었다. 본 연구에서 고찰한 문제점과 제안은 연구실 사고예방을 위한 근본적인 안전관리 체계로의 발전에 도움이 될 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.