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안명주 한양대학교 의과대학 2014 Hanyang Medical Reviews Vol.34 No.1
Lung cancer is the most common cause of cancer death worldwide. With advances in understanding of lung cancer biology and technology, there has been significant improvement in the treatment of non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) during the last decades through the development of targeted agents for molecular subgroups harboring specific genomic abnormalities. So far, agents targeting Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase (ALK) have led to high and durable response rates in patients with EGFR mutation or ALK translocation. Also agents targeting VEGF improved overall survival even though a specific biomarker has not been defined yet. As more and more genomic alterations, such as ROS1, RET, MET, HER2, BRAF, FGFR1, DDR2, PI3KCA and K-ras, are being identified in NSCLC, new targeted agents for patients with specific genomic alterations have been developed and have showed promising results. Furthermore, promising results with immune checkpoint inhibitors such as CTLA4 inhibitors, PD-1 or PDL-1 antibody will shed light on further improvement of treatment of lung cancer in the near future. However, the evolving nature of cancer through the appearance of resistance to targeted agents and tumor heterogeneity would provide much challenge to conquer lung cancer. Unfortunately, since no significant progress has been achieved in targeted agents in small cell lung cancer, this review will focus on NSCLC and provides an overview of growing new targeted agents in the treatment of NSCLC.
안명주,정기선,김성태,이지은,임성희,이민영,권희진,김인영,선종무,안진석,Keunchil Park,김혜수,유쾌한 한양대학교 의과대학 2015 Hanyang Medical Reviews Vol.35 No.3
There have been conflicting reports on the continuation of epidermal growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs) in patients with newly developed or progressive brain metastasis of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Patients with newly developed or progressive intracranial lesions, but who maintained well-controlled extracranial disease during erlotinib treatment, were enrolled in this study. The proposed therapy included stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS), whole brain radiotherapy (WBRT), and/or surgical resection for intracranial lesions. Erlotinib treatment was continued simultaneously unless extracranial disease progressed. The evaluation of both extra- and intra-cranial lesions was performed every 3 months. From October 2009 to June 2012, 14 patients were enrolled in this pilot study. For intracranial disease, 4 patients received SRS alone, 7 patients received both SRS and WBRT, 2 patients received SRS, WBRT and surgical resection, and 1 patient received no local therapy due to the presence of asymptomatic lesions. Of the patients with extracranial disease who were placed on continued erlotinib therapy, 6 patients (42.9%) showed partial response (PR), while 7 patients (50.0%) remained in stable disease (SD). The progression-free survival (PFS) of extracranial and intracranial disease was 11.1 (range 1.6-34.6) and 10.2 (range 1.5-34.6) months, respectively. In 5 cases, brain lesions relapsed before the progression of extracranial disease. Overall survival (OS) was 22.6 (range 2.1-50.4) months. For NSCLC patients with progression of only intracranial disease during erlotinib treatment, the continuation of erlotinib in combination with local therapy to brain metastases can be an effective treatment option.
안명주 한양대학교 의과대학 2002 한양의대 학술지 Vol.22 No.2
Umbilical cord blood (UCB) is another source of hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPC) including bone marrow and peripheral blood, and UCB is increasingly used for hematopoietic cell transplantation for the treatment of various genetic disease and hematologic disease/malignancies. Over the last ten years, many researches have focused on the purification, biological characterization, proliferation and expansion of UCB HPSC. Many studies have shown that HPSC from UCB is functionally different from that of bone marrow or peripheral blood, which has higher proliferation and expansion potential and contains more primitive progenitor cells. But, until now many unsolved problems about the biology of UCB stem cells remain. This review will describe and discuss briefly about the biology of UCB stem cells.
안명주 한양대학교 의과대학 1998 한양의대 학술지 Vol.18 No.2
Cancer is one of the major causes of death in the world. Cancer begins when a cell breaks free from the normal restraints on uncontrolled growth and spread. Over the past 25 years, scientists have uncovered a set of basic principles that govern the development of cancer. The cells in a tumor descend from a common ancestral cell that at one point initiated a program of inappropriate reproduction. Furthermore, the malignant transformation of a cell comes about through the accumulation of mutations in specific classes of the genes within it. Among them, two gene classes, oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes, account for much of the uncontrolled cell proliferation seen in human cancers. More than half the cancer death can be attributed to tobacco smoke and diet in worldwide. Therefore, a cancer death can be avoided through prevention strategies, including never smoking and eating certain vegetables and other foods that counteract the activity of cancer-causing agents (carcinogens) in the body. Improvements in medical imaging technology and the power of the new molecular diagnostic tools will be able to diagnose the cancer in early stage. Although the mainstays of cancer treatment - surgery, radiation and chemotherapy- are being refined and combined in ways that can help patients enjoy longer and more fulfilling lives, the new approaches to cancer treatment such as immunotherapy and the molecularly targeted approach (gene therapy to restore normal suppressor gene, antisense inhibitors for oncogene, angiogenesis inhibitors, etc.) would combat cancers without the devastating side effects of many current therapies in the near future.