The Public Policies for the Rural Infrastructure Improvement in Korea : Comparison with the US and Japan

Lim,Kyoung-Soo 한국지역개발학회 1996 韓國地域開發學會誌 Vol.8 No.2

혼수상태의 외상환자에서 초음파를 이용한 흉부 및 복부손상의 진단

임경수,이강현,이진웅,이부수,황성오,유수영,강성준 대한응급의학회 1995 대한응급의학회지 Vol.6 No.1

The need for rapid diagnosis and treatment of life-threatening thoracic and intra-abdominal injury result in controversy over the appropriate triage of unconscious blunt trauma patients. To aid in early decisions for these patients, a prospective analysis of 98 patients with glasgow coma scale(GCS) scores≤8 was undertaken. Although intra-thoracic and intra-abdominal injuries were frequently identified based on systolic blood ressure, the use of clinical signs alone resulted in more missed injuries than did using the emergency ultrasonography. In normotensive patients(n=34), intra-thoracic injuries was identified in one patient(2.9%), and intra-abdominal injuries were in 7 patients(20.6%). In shock(systolic blood pressure<90mmHg) Pa-tients(n=64), thoracic injuries and intra-abdominal injuries were diagnosed in 8(12.5%) and 27 patients(42.3%), thoracic and abdominal combined injuries were identified in 11 patients(17.2%). The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of emergency ultrasonography were 96.3%, 91.7%, 94.9%. This study suggests that all unconscious trauma patients undergo immediate emergency ultrasonography to prevent missing life-threatening injuries.

Improved Micropropagation of Root Chicory, Cichorium intybus L. var. sativus.

Lim,Jung-Dae,Yang,Deok-Chun,Lee,Hyeon-Yong,Kim,Jong-Dai,Lee,Jin-Ha,Sung,Eun-Soo,Yu Chang-Yeon 한국자원식물학회 2004 Plant Resources Vol.7 No.1

The establishment of an efficient protocol for plant regeneration and micropropagation from leaf explant cultures of Chicory, Cichorium intybus L. var. sativus. is reported. Callus formation rate appeared 100% from explant in all growth regulators, but calli formed in the prensence of naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) were appeared very compact and non-embryogenic state. The regenerated shoots were obtained from leaf explant cultures on solid MS medium containing different concentrations of cytokinins and auxin. The highest number of shoots (5.7) per explant and shoot growth (2.8cm) was obtained on MS medium containing 0.1 mg BAP L^-1 and 0.1 mg NAA L^-1. Indole acetic acid was the most suitable auxin for root formation among three auxins tested. 2,4-D had no effect on shoot and root formation.

安東地域住民의 生活體育에 대한 意識構造와 活性化方案

林銖遠,朴根守,張龍洙 慶北大學校 師範大學 體育學硏究會 1992 體育學會誌 Vol.20 No.-

The primary purpose of this study was to elucidate structure of consciouness about An-Dong Citizen's life be in sports and grope a device of activation. In order to meet this purpose, 977 questionnaires was analyzed according to sex, age, education, occupation and income. The results were as follows; 1) 84.4% of whole subjects felt necessity of Life be in Sports in every day life. in view of sex, 87.3% of males and 81.5% of females felt the necessity. 2) 81.8% of subjects regarded life be in sports as means of health improvement. 3) About the local facilities of life be in sports, only 9.4% of subjects satisfied and 64.9% of subjects revealed dissatisfaction. 4) Preference order in relation to the expansion of facilities appeared as follews; swimming pool(26.9%), tennis court(18.6%), gymnasium(11.4%). badminton court(11.5%), aerobic hall(5.8%) and bowling range(4.2%). 5) About making sport club, 82.4% of Whole subjects revealed affirmative answer. 6) About present participation in life be in sports, 30.1% of subjects answered being participated, but 69.9% subjects answered not being participated. 7) About necessity of coach of Life be in soprts, 66.0% of subjects felt the necessity. 8) The main reason of not attendance in Life be in sports were lack of leisure, economical difficulty, insufficiency of facilities. 9) 13.0% of subjects wanted to participate in tennis, 11.7% to swimming, 11.3% to badminton, 8.6% to mountaineering, 7.6% to aerobic, and 6.9% to bowling if circumstance permit. and then, the major device for activation of life be in sports were utilization and expansion of facilities, development of program, arrangement and nurture of coach, public information about life be in sports, support and construction of sports club, financial and administrative support.

당뇨병 환자에서 혈장 Thrombin-Antithrombin Ⅲ 및 Plasmin-α_2-Plasmin Inhibitor 복합체의 임상적 의의

김경욱,김은숙,정상수,윤수지,박우일,이준희,남수연,안철우,문병수,김경래,차봉수,송영득,임승길,이현철,허갑범 대한당뇨병학회 2002 Diabetes and Metabolism Journal Vol.25 No.5

연구배경:당뇨병 환자에서 혈액응고 및 섬유소용해 체계의 이상경향이 있어 그 결과로 여러 혈관합병증의 발생위험이 높다는 사실은 널리 알려져 있다. 그 기전은 아직 확실히 밝혀지지 않았으나, 고혈당으로 인한 혈장 단백질들의 비효소성 당화작용이나 산화성 스트레스로 인한 유리 라티칼 작용으로 응고항진이나 섬유소용해 활성의 저하를 유발하는 것으로 생각되고 있다. 최근 응고 및 용해인자와 그 억제자의 복합체들의 증가가 이 상태를 비교적 예민하게 반영한다고 알려져 있다. 방법:본 연구에서는 당뇨병 환자 101명과 정상 대조군 20명에서 혈장내 thrombin­antithrombin complex(TAT)와 plasmin­α₂­plasmin inhibitor complex(PIC)를 측정하여 비교하고, 당뇨병 환자에서 미세혈관 합병증과 대혈관합병증의 유무에 따른 차이와, 이미 혈관 질환의 위험인자로 알려져 있는 인자들간의 상관성을 알아보고자 하였다. 결과:1. 환자의 분포를 살펴보면 혈관합병증이 있는 군은 85명, 혈관합병증이 없는 군은 16명이었고, 평균연령은 각각 57.9±14.1세, 49.9±16.6세로 혈관 합병증이 있는 군에서 더 나이가 많았고, 체질량지수는 23.2±3.4㎏/㎡, 24.1±3.4㎏/㎡로 두 군간 유의한 차이는 없었다. 또 두 군간의 혈압 및 HbA1c, 공복혈당 및 인슐린과 C­peptide, 총 콜레스테롤, 중성지방, HDL­콜레스테롤, Lp⒜는 유의한 차이가 없었고, 미세혈관합병증이 있는 군에서 당뇨병의 유병기간이 길었다. 2. TAT 및 PIC의 농도는 정상 대조군에서는 2.8±1.2 ng/mL, 240.4±69.7 ng/mL이었고, 당뇨병 환자군에서는 9.5±22.6 ng/mL, 472.2±258.7 ng/mL이었다. TAT와 PIC 모두 당뇨병 환자군에서 정상 대조군에 비해 유의하게 증가되어 있었고(p<0.001), TAT/PIC ratio는 두 군간 차이가 없었다. 3. 당뇨병 환자의 혈관합병증에 따른 TAT 및 PIC, fibrinogen 농도는 합병증이 없는 군은 각각 4.1±2.4ng/mL, 362.2±272.0ng/mL, 322.7±102.4mg/mL으로 PIC와 fibrinogen의 증가를 보였으나, 연령을 보정한 후에는 통계학적 유의성은 없었다. 또 대혈관 합병증군에서는 각각 6.0±4.9 ng/mL, 507.4±321.6 ng/mL, 427.1±194.7 mg/dL이었으며 미세·대혈관 합병증군에서는 10.4±6.4 ng/mL, 484.8±269.7 ng/mL, 388.4±132.4 mg/dL으로 TAT의 증가를 보였으나 역시 연령을 보정한 후에는 통계학적 유의성은 없었다. 4. 미세혈관합병증군에서 HbA1c(>8%)가 높은 군의 PIC 농도가 유의하게 높았고(p=0.049), 대혈관합병증군에서 HbA1c(>8%)가 높은 군의 총 콜레스테롤 농도가 유의하게 높았다(p=0.042). 5. 총 당뇨병 환자군에서 PIC는 fibrinogen과 HbA1c와 양의 상관관계를, BMI와 음의 상관관계를 보였으며(r=0.47, 0.31,-0.25), 혈관 합병증이 없는 당뇨병 환자군에서만 TAT는 HbA1c와 양의 상관관계를 보였다(r=0.67). 결론:이상의 결과에서 혈장 TAT 및 PIC 농도는 당뇨병 환자에서 정상 대조군에 비해 의미있게 증가되어 있었고, 당뇨병 환자군에서는 연령의 증가와 유병기간이 혈액응고항진 및 용해의 장애에 큰 역할을 함을 알 수 있었으며, 총 당뇨병 환자군에 PIC와 HbA1c와 양의 상관관계를, BMI와 음의 상관관계를 보였으며 혈관 합병증이 없는 당뇨병 환자군에서만 TAT는 HbA1c와 양의 상관관계를 보였다. 따라서 당뇨병 환자에서 혈액응고 및 용해의 장애가 동반되어 있다고 볼 수 있으며, 혈장 TAT 및 PIC는 혈관합병증으로의 진행을 예측하는 지표로서 유용하리라 생각된다. 또 혈당조절정도와 상관성이 있으므로 혈당조절후에 추적검사를 시행하여 합병증의 예방이 가능한지 추후 연구가 필요하리라 생각된다. Background : Abnormality of coagulation and fibrinolystic system is known as a predisposing factor of vascular complication in diabetes. Although the pathogenesis is not well known, non-enzymatic glycation reaction and the increase in production of free radicals due to an increased oxidative stress may be linked to the hypercoagulibility and hypofibrinolytic activity. As indices of abnormality in coagulation and firinolysis in peripheral blood, plasma thrombin-antithrombin Ⅲ complex (TAT) and plasmin-α_2-plasmin inhibitor complex (PIC) were measured. The purpose of this study was to clarify whether hypercoagulability exists in diabetic patients with or without vascular complication. Methods : In our study, we measured plasma thrombin-antithrombin Ⅲ compelx (TAT) and plasmin-α_2-plasmin inhibit or complex (PIC) in 101 diabetic subjects and 20 controls. Comparing TAT and PIC levels in diabetic microvascular complication group, diabetic macrovascular complication group and controls, we examined correlation between risk factors associated with diabetic vascular complication. Results : 1. The group with diabetic vascular complication was older than group without complication. There was no significant difference in BMI, blood pressure, HbA_ic, blood sugar level, insulin, C-peptide, serum creatinine, total cholesterol, triglyceride, HDL-cholesterol, Lp (a) between two groups. The group with diabetic microvascular complication had longer duration of diabetes. 2. Concentration of TAT and PIC were 2.8±1.2 ng/ mL, 240.4±69.7 ng/ mL in controls and 9.5±22.6 ng/ mL, 472.2±258.7 ng/ mL in diabetic patients, respectively. TAT and PIC were significantly higher in diabetic patients than in control (p<0.001). But TAT/PIC ratio was no significant difference between two groups. 3. In diabetic patients, concentration of TAT and PIC and fibrinogen were respectively 4.1±2.4 ng/ mL, 362.2±272.0 ng/ mL, 322.7±102.4 mg/ dL in group without vascular complication and 5.3±4.1 ng/ mL, 529.5±258.7 ng/ mL, 374.9±106.2 mg/ dL in group with microvascular complication, which group had increase in PIC and Fibrinogen but no significance after correction of age. Concentration of TAT and PIC and Fibrinogen were 60.±4.9 ng/ mL, 507.4±321.6 ng/ mL, 427.1±194.7 mg/ dL in macrovascular complication, and 10.4±6.7 mg/ mL, 484.8±269.7 ng/ mL, 388.4±132.4 mg/ dL in combined vascular complication which group showed increase of TAT but also had no significant increase after correction of age. 4. In diabetic microvascular complication patients, group of high HbA_1c (>8%) (p=0.049) had significant high PIC concentration. In diabetic macrovascular complication patients, group of high HbA_1c (>8%) (p=0.042) had significant high total cholesterol concentration. 5. In all diabetic patients, PIC was positively correlated with fibrinogen and HbA_1c and negatively correlated BMI (r=0.47, 0.31, -0.25). Only in daibetic patients without angiopathy, TAT was positively correlated with HbA_1c (r=0.67). Conclusion : In this study, plasma TAT and PIC concentration significantly increased in diabetic patients compared with controls, and PIC was increased in group with microvascular complication, TAT were increased in group with combined micro macrovascular complication. However, there was no significance relationship existed when correctinf for age. PIC was correlated with HbA_1c. TAT was correlated with HbA_1c only in the group without angiopathy. Abnormality of coagulation and fibrinolysis were combined in diabetes, plasma TAT and PIC can be used as an index of vascular complication. Also we found the correlation with the degree of the blood glucose control. Therefore we need follow up study for the possibility of prevention of vascular complication after controlling the blood glucose to age-matched patients (J Kor Diaabetes Asso 25:354~363, 2001).

스포츠와 社會階層構造 硏究를 위한 豫備的 考察

林銖遠 慶北大學校 師範大學 體育學硏究會 1989 體育學會誌 Vol.17 No.-

The main purpose of this study is to offer the theoretical perspective which it is compositive and many-sided for the research on sport and structure of social stratification. Until now, most of studies about sport and social stratification are completed in fragmentary and restricted dimension. For that reason, in this paper, I will accept social stratification by various factors of occupation, academic attainment, income and life style. These factors are obtained in guestionare method that included information relevant to the socioeconomic, educational background, occupational career and so on. And then, for the more sociological access, I will analyze general characteristics of social stratification theory, status attainment process of individual, sport and social mobility, and class consciousness and social consciousness in selected samples. Studies in this method will present the various aspects pertaining to relation of sport and social stratification, and serve to understand sociological perspective of sport. In conclusion, new task is presented for study of sport and social stratification. The main content of this study would serve the basic materials to further systematic studies. Under these purpose and basic materials the accumulation of an emperical and a positive study have to carry out in the field of sociology of sport.

어린 브리티쉬 숏헤어 고양이에서 발생한 비대성심근병증

임수정,이선희,손선호,최호정,송근호 忠南大學校 獸醫科大學 附設 動物醫科學硏究所 2008 動物醫科學硏究誌 Vol.15 No.1

A l0-month-old, neutered male, British shorthair cat was referred to the Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital of Chungnam National University with the history of tachypnea, anorexia and depression which onset were two days ago. On physical examination, increased respiratory rate and no murmur were found. A complete blood count indicated thrombocytosis. Results from a serum biochemical profile demonstrated elevations in CK, ALP, BUN and Ca, and decreases in sodium, potassium and chloride. Thoracic radiographs revealed patchy interstitial opacity increase and left atrium enlargement. Echocardiographs showed the evidences of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy which were hypertrophy of diastolic interventricular septum and left ventricular free wall. Other findings on echocardiography were the reverse E:A ratio(tranmitra1 inflow pattern) and absence of systolic anterior motion of mitral valve. Electrocardiographs demonstrated wide P and R wave, which mean left atrium enlargement and left bundle branch block, respectively. Medications including furosemide (2mg/kg), enalapril (0.25mg/kg), and spironolactone (1mg/kg) were prescribed twice a day and orally. Client education about exercise restriction and possibility of aggressive progress was given. Clinical signs suggestive of thromboembolism were developed on 6th day after showing tachypnea; right forelimb lameness, bilateral hindlimb lameness, loss of femoral pulse and severe pain. After all, euthanasia was performed at local animal hospital, according to the owner's request.

TPM 우수기업을 위한 KS A ISO 2859-1과 KS A 3109와의 비교 분석

임재근,조병선,정수일 대한설비관리학회 2004 대한설비관리학회지 Vol.9 No.4

The growing importance of the product quality of the manufacturing industry is becoming more and more apparent as we enter the end of faster and deeper globalization trend. At the same time, among the various factors affecting the quality of the product, the importance of the production equipment is ever increasing. As a result, the TPM activity in Korean industries is getting increasing recognition and is being implemented with faster phase than ever. The companies with superior product quality are heavily involved with TPM activities and the product qualities of these companies are definitely better than the others. When we distinguish the product quality process into 3 steps, i.e. quality secure-quality confirm-quality guarantee, of course the 1st step of secure is the most important, but also the 2nd step of onfirm is one of the most important step. As well in mass production environment, sampling inspection is more desirable than the 100 % inspection procedure. As a part of globalization trend, KS system is also being revised and reestablished based on ISO, IEC, etc. *which are based on international standard. Conventional KS sampling inspection standards were in many areas quite different from ISO sampling inspection standards, only KS A 3102, 3104, 3151 are left and the rest be-come obsolete, and even the ones that are still around are planned to the gone step by step. It has been already 3 years since the new KS A ISO 2859-0--3 sampling inspection process has been established which the abolition of the popular KS A 3101, KS A 3105, KS A 3109, yet the implementation rate is very slow. This study will attempt to compare the old KS A 3109 with new KS A ISO 2859-0~3, and try to understand the difference as that the new standard can be easily understood and used widely among companies, by using examples. Our attempt is to help implement with the companies with active TPM involvement but the final result can be spread among other companies as well in the near future.

철강업체와 용접봉 제조업체에 근무하는 생산직 근로자의 직업성 요통 유병률과 관련 요인

임현술,김수근,김덕수,김두희,이종민,김양호 大韓産業醫學會 1999 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.11 No.1

A cross-sectional study was conducted for detecting the risk factors and to propose an effective control program for occupational low back pain. The subjects were 1,665 male production workers employed at a steel factory and a welding material manufacturing factory. The data were collected by a self-reported questionnaire and a medical examination with a rehabilitation specialist for ten days in September, 1997. The contents of the questionnaire were as follows: general characteristics, physical characteristics, employment status, type of work, working environment and the experience of low back pain. The number of cases with symptoms of occupational low back pain were 321, so the point prevalence was 19.3 persons/100 persons. The number of cases with a history of occupational low back pain for one year were 554, so the one year period prevalence was 33.3 persons/100 persons. The point and one year period prevalences of occupational low back pain showed no significant differences in age, marital status, educational level and body mass index. The point and one year period prevalences of occupational low back pain showed no significant differences in alcohol drinking, smoking, stretching exercise and regular exercise. The point and one year period prevalences of occupational low back pain were significantly higher in the unsatisfied group that the satisfied group (p<0.01). However, no significant differences were found among tenures and shift work. The point and one year period prevalences of occupational low back pain were significantly higher in the lifting of heavy materials group than the nonlifting group(p<0.01). However, no significant differences were found among posture of the waist and the working posture. Through the multivariate logistic regression, significantly associated factors with occupational low back pain were found to be dissatisfaction with job (point prevalence: OR=1.78, 95% CI: 1.21-2.61: one year prevalence : OR=1.76, 95% CI: 1.26-2.47), lifting of heavy materials(point prevalence OR=1.94 95% CI : 1.44-2.61; one year prevalence: OR=2.17, 95% CI : 1.70-2.77) and tenure (point prevalence : OR=1.03, 95% CI : 1.01-1.06; one year prevalence : OR=1.02, 95% CI : 1.00-1.05).

경남지역 Holstein 우유의 화학적 성분에 관한 연구

임수용,김영길 東亞大學校生命資源科學大學附設 農業資源硏究所 1995 農業生命資援硏究 Vol.4 No.1

The study was conducted to investigate the chemical constituents of Holstein raw milk and to obtain the regression equations among chemical composition of milk, collected from Kyoung-Nam Province from June 1993 to May 1994. 1. The average chemical composition of raw milk were found to be fat, 3.66% ; protein, 3.93% ; lactose, 4.04% ; solid-not-fat, 8.67% and total solids, 12.33%, respectively. 2. Fat contents decreased in summer and increased in winter, while protein and lactose contents decreased in autumn, Solid-not-fat and total solid content showed high correlation coefficients with other components. 3. The regression equations among the raw milk components were as follows: T.S.=4.62+0.889 S.N.F. ;protein=-1.40+0.615 S.N.F.; lactose=-0.50+0.368T.S.; lactose=0.704+0.384 S.N.F. 4. The multiple regression with two independent variable among the milk components were as follows: T.S.=1.38+1.27fat+1.60pro.; S.N.F.=1.38+0.266fat+1.6pro.;S.N.F.=0.53+1.17pro.+0.286T.S.;S.N.F.=1.20-0.437 fat+2.25 lac.