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남수연,이민화 한국에너지학회 2022 에너지공학 Vol.31 No.4
The purpose of this study is to derive the optimal design point by performing simulations on the inlet pressure of the intermediate and low pressure turbines of the steam turbine to which the ultra-supercritical pressure once-through HRSG is applied. HRSG design, steam turbine output and construction cost are different for each steam turbine inlet pressure condition. And when the power output is high, the construction cost increases, and when the power output is low, the construction cost decreases. Therefore, the correlation was derived through economic analysis by applying the economic evaluation coefficient in consideration of the 30-year design life, and the economically optimal design point of high performance was selected. 본 연구 목적은 초초임계압 관류형 HRSG를 적용한 증기터빈의 중압 및 저압터빈의 입구 압력에 대한 시뮬레 이션을 수행하여 최적 설계점을 도출하는데 있다. 증기터빈 입구압력 조건 마다 HRSG 설계, 증기터빈 출력 및 건설비가 다르다. 그리고 출력이 높으면 건설비가 증가되고, 출력이 낮으면 건설비가 감소된다. 따라서 30년 설 계수명을 고려하여 경제성 평가 계수를 적용한 경제성 분석을 통하여 그 상관관계를 도출하고 고성능의 경제적 인 최적 설계점을 선정하였다.
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남수연,박란영,이지현,이창수,정의준,장유현,임선희,양대현,노은진,김나래 대한소화기내시경학회 2002 Clinical Endoscopy Vol.24 No.3
유암종은 위장점막에 분포하는 장크롬친화성 세포에서 기원한다. 유암종은 대부분 무증상이며 대량출혈을 동반하는 위유암종은 드물다. 저자는 흑색변과 현훈으로 입원한 환자에서 위유암종을 1예 경험하였다. 식도위십이지장경 검사에서 위체하부에 궤양성 융기 병변이 보여 진행성위암 Borrman III형 소견을 보였다. 조직 현미경 검사에서 악성 세포가 없는 양성 위궤양으로 보여졌다. 반복 조직 현미경 검사 역시 같은 결과였다. 복부 전산화 단층 촬영은 다수의 위주변부 림프절 비대를 동반한 위의 종양을 보였다. 위절제술 후 얻은 조직 현미경 검사에서 위유암종으로 드러났다. 저자 등은 내시경 소견은 진행성 위암의 형태를 보이고, 대량 출혈을 동반한 위유암종 1예를 보고한다. Carcinoid tumors originate from the enterochromaffin cells that are located in the gastrointestinal mucosa. Most of these tumors are asymptomatic and gastric carcinoid with massive gastrointestinal bleeding is found rarely. We experienced a case of gastric carcinoid admitted to our hospital due to melena and dizziness. The esophagogastroduodenoscopic examination revealed an ulcerofungating mass in the lower body which was thought to be a Borrmann type III adenocarcinoma. Microscopic examination of the biopsy specimens showed benign gastric ulcer without malignant cells. Repeated endoscopic biopsy revealed the same results. A computed tomographic scan of the abdomen showed a gastric mass with multiple perigastric enlarged lymph nodes. Histopathological examination of the operative specimen showed gastric carcinoid. We report a case of gastric carcinoid with massive bleeding mimicking advanced gastric cancer. (Korean J Gastrointest Endosc 2002;24:161-165)
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비만증에서 체중감소가 뇌척수액 및 혈중 Neuropeptide-Y, α-Melanocyte Stimulating Hormone 과 Leptin 농도에 미치는 영향
남수연,김경욱,이준희,윤수지,김경래,차봉수,임승길,이현철,허갑범 대한내분비학회 2001 Endocrinology and metabolism Vol.16 No.2
Background: Although leptin and its principal mediators, neuropeptide Y (NPY) and α-melanocyte stimulating hormone (MSH) are postulated to play a pivotal role in the energy balance in experimental animals, the physiologic roles of leptin and its molecular targets are not fully identified in cases of human obesity. Methods: The subjects consisted of 16 obese women (mean BMI 35.6 ㎏/㎡) before and after weight loss that was induced by a 2 week-very low caloric diet (800 kal/day) and 14 normal weight women (who had a mean BMI of 20.4 ㎏/㎡). We evaluated the plasma and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leptin, NPY and -MSH levels and their relationship in normal weight and obese women. Additionally, changes of these peptides during a negative energy balance (800 kcal/day) were assessed in causes of human obesity. Results: Obese subjects exhibited a 6.3-fold higher plasma leptin level (21.9±1.2 vs 3.5±0.4 ng/mL, p<0.05) and a 2.8-fold higher CSF leptin level (0.29±0.02 vs 0.10±0.01 ng/mL, p<0.05) compared to control subjects. The CSF/plasma leptin ratio in normal weight subjects was 2.3-fold higher than that in obese subjects. After a weight loss in obese subjects, the plasma leptin level decreased by 40% and the CSF level decreased by 51%. The CSF/plasma leptin ratio was slightly lower than the baseline level. There was a positive linear correlation between CSF and plasma leptin level at the baseline in obese subjects (r= 0.74, p<0.05) and a positive logarithmic correlation in normal weight subjects and in obese subjects after a weight loss (r= 0.66, p<0.05). The BMI negatively correlated with the CSF/plasma leptin ratio (r=-0.86, p<0.05) in any subjects. Neither the baseline plasma levels nor the baseline CSF levels of NPY were different between the normal weight subjects and obese subjects. After a weight loss the CSF NPY level decreased significantly compared to the baseline values in obese subjects. The α-MSH levels in plasma and CSF did not differ significantly from controls in obese subjects at the baseline or after a weight loss. The baseline CSF leptin level neither correlated with the baseline CSF NPY level nor the baseline CSF α-MSH level. Conclusion: These results demonstrated that the efficiency of leptin delivery to the CNS is reduced in human obesity and that the CNS leptin uptake involves the combination of saturable and unsaturable mechanisms. A marked reduction in the CSF leptin levels compared to the plasma level after a weight loss in obese subjects can be a potent stimulus for the body to regain weight. In contrast to the results that were observed in experimental animals, the CSF NPY and α-MSH did not differ from the controls in human obesity and there was no significant correlation between the CSF leptin and CSF of these neuropeptides. This could have resulted from leptin resistance in cases of human obesity although the mechanisms for this resistance remain to be determined.
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