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미국 송유관 운송인의 독점규제에 관한 소고 - 챔플린 정유회사의 판례를 중심으로 -
김경래,이재성,김은주 한국무역연구원 2011 무역연구 Vol.7 No.3
Monopoly is a market structure where only one or a small number of firms have exclusive control over the pricing of a product. In this situation, competition over the free mobility of production factors is limited by manipulative constraints. Section 2 of the Sherman Antitrust Act, the most representative of its kind, stipulates thus: "Every person who shall monopolize, or attempt to monopolize, or combine or conspire with any other person or persons, to monopolize any part of the trade or commerce among the several States, or with foreign nations, shall be deemed guilty of a felony." For the Sherman Antitrust Act, a ‘big and bad' firm is an illegal entity. Any monopoly power is willfully acquired and maintained. On the other hand, the Interstate Commerce Act takes all pipeline carriers as common carriers and applies its provisions to them, staving off monopolies from arising. About Champlin Oil Case I(1946), the U.S. Supreme Court holds that Champlin's operation is transportation within the meaning of 1 of the Act and that the statute supports the Commission's order to furnish information. As to Section 19a of the Act, the Court holds that the statute is within the commerce power and does not offend the Fifth Amendment. As for Champlin Oil Case Ⅱ(1951) the Court holds, under Section 20 of the Act, that a subsequent order of the Commission is sustained, insofar as it requires Champlin to file annual, periodic and special reports, and to institute and maintain a uniform system of accounts applicable to pipe lines. Insofar as the order requires Champlin, under 6 of the Act, to publish and file schedules showing rates and charges for interstate transportation of refined petroleum products - which might force appellee to devote its pipe line, at least partially, to public use - it goes beyond what Congress contemplated when it passed the Act; and it cannot be sustained. This paper critically reviews the legal theories on which the final ruling is based. The author sees the ruling regarding Section 6 as having an undermining effect on its judicial precedents and to the intent of the Interstate Commerce Act.
김경래 한국보건사회연구원 2020 보건복지포럼 Vol.287 No.-
신중년층이 현재 어떠한 삶을 영위하고 있는지 파악하는 것도 중요하지만, 노후 관련 인식과 태도도 이들의 미래 삶과 직결된다는 점에서 살펴볼 필요가 있다. 이는 노후 준비 차원에서 정책을 수립하기 위한 중요한 기초 자료로서의 의의를 갖는다. 이에 이 글에서는 2019년에 한국보건사회연구원에서 수행한 ‘신중년 생활실태 및 복지욕구 조사’ 결과를 토대로 신중년층의 노후 인식, 태도에 대해 살펴보고자 한다.
빙장(Promession)의 장법내 수용에 관한 실효성 분석
김경래 한국보건사회연구원 2010 보건복지포럼 Vol.163 No.-
친환경적 장법의 하나로서 소개된 빙장(氷藏)이 일부 국민들 사이에서 지속적인 관심의 대상으로 자리하고 있으며 제도도입 여부를 두고 찬반논란이 지속되고 있다. 빙장에 관한 풍부한 자료축적과 제공이 이루어지지 않고 있는 상황에서 편향적 정보제공과 제도도입논의는 자칫 장법의 수요자인 국민들에게 혼란만 가중시키는 결과를 초래할 수 있다. 이에 본 고는 국민들의 알 권리를 충족시키고 합리적 선택권 행사를 돕는 차원에서 빙장에 관한 현황과 더불어 기술적·환경적·제도적 분석을 행하였다. 그 결과 빙장의 장법내 도입은 매우 신중할 필요가 있으며, 제도도입 논의에 앞서 동물사체 등을 대상으로 한 충분한 검증과정을 통해 기술적 정당성, 실효성을 확보한 이후 국민적 합의를 거쳐 수용해야 함을 주장하였다.
김경래,이형석 한양대학교 의과대학 2000 한양의대 학술지 Vol.20 No.1
The trend toward minimally invasive office-based procedures continues in all clinical parts. It is propelled by numerous forces, including technical advancement, cost containment strategies, and patients preferences. The endoscopes are used widely in sinus and rhinologic inflammatory and benign tumor for diagnosis, treatment and postoperative follow-up. In otology, they are used in external ear and tympanic membrane disease and furthermore in diagnosis of perilymphatic fistula and intratympanic injection of gentamicin. In Head & neck, they are used in diagnosis and treatment of benign laryngeal disease and staging and biopsy of malignant disease of larynx and pharynx. According to the further development of endoscope and operative apparatus, various otolaryngologic diagnostic and therapeutic procedures can now be performed with safe and effective techniques.
의료관련법률 - 임상간호사의 권리와 의무, 지도감독·기록보고·연찬의무 중요
김경래,Kim, Gyeong-Rae 대한간호협회 2003 대한간호 Vol.42 No.6
"흔히 금전삼난(金錢三難)이라는 말을 한다. 돈은 벌기가 어렵고, 잘 사용하기가 어렵고, 잘 간직하기가 어렵다는 의미이다. 이처럼 의료(醫療)도 배우기가 어렵고, 기술과 지식을 잘 사용하는 것이 어려우며, 그것을 잘 유지하는 것이 어렵다. 특히 임상에 근무하는 의료인들은 날로 발전하는 지식과 기술에 따른 연찬 의무가 필수적이며, 분쟁을 회피하기 어려운 임상현실에서 의료행위로 인한 자신과 환자의 법익침해 여부에 관심 갖는 것도 중요하다."
페루 중부 안데스 스페인어의 모음 사이 /d/ 탈락에 대한 빈도 효과 연구
김경래 한국스페인어문학회 2019 스페인어문학 Vol.0 No.92
This paper, as a follow-up study of Kim(2019), examines the correlation between the frequency and the deletion of intervocalic /d/ in the central Andean Spanish of Peru. Traditionally, studies on the deletion of intervocalic /d/ in Spanish have been carried out with multiple linguistic factors in order to find patterns of variation but the role of frequency effect was ignored in many of those investigations. Bybee’s work(2002) showed its usefulness in her data from New Mexican Spanish, so this theoretical concept was extended to other varieties of Spanish. The current study makes use of the data from 24 sociolinguistic interviews performed between 2015-2017 in Tupe district, Peru. CUMBRE corpus was used in order to define the degree of frequency of the words and 1920 tokens were analyzed. The results of this study indicate that the frequency effect correlates with the intervocalic /d/ deletion in the sense that the /d/ deletion increases as the token frequency increases in lexical instances. Regarding the type frequency effect, the results show that the most frequent grammatical morpheme -ado(s) is the context with the highest rate of deletion. However, there is no correlation between the frequency and the rate of deletion in morphemes(-ado[s], -ada[s], -ido[s], -ida[s]). Finally, the deletion rate of intervocalic /d/ in grammatical morphemes is similar to that of lexical instances, which allows us to interpret that the suffix is not treated as independent unit, but as a part of whole word in the central highlands of Peru.