패션브랜드자산의 형성과정에 관한 연구 : 캐주얼 브랜드를 중심으로 Focused on casual wear brand

김혜정,임숙자 한국의류학회 2004 한국의류학회지 Vol.28 No.2

In this complex marketing world, marketers find themselves having to grapple with difficult issues about branding and their brand management. In many cases, a deeper understanding of how consumers feel, think, and act could provide valuable guidance to address these brand-management challenges. The objective of this study is to conceptualize and test the framework of building fashion brand equity, utilizing Keller's CBBE Model as a theoretical framework and Kim and Lim's (2002) scale as a measurement model of fashion brand equity. We conducted a survey toward 696 university students using Kim and Lim's fashion brand equity scale. To test the hypothesized building paths of fashion brand equity, statistical analyses were performed with AMOS 4.1 program using confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation model. The results of this study were as follows. First, fashion brand equity was defined in terms of six components; customer-brand resonance, customer feeling, customer judgment, brand imagery, brand performance and brand awareness. Fashion brand equity was multi-dimensional brand attitude, which could be measured by 16 items. Consequently, Kim and Lim's scale acquired a statistical validity. Second, the proposed conceptual framework of this study was partially significant. We can provide an effectiveness of Keller's CBBE model to conceptualize the building process of fashion brand equity. Third, it was different between two brands to build fashion brand equity.

Biofilter modeling integrated with Lim’s adsorption model

Eun Ju LEE,Wui Sook JEON,Hye Min YOON,Hye Jin SONG,Byeung Soo KIM,Hee Jeong KIM,Eun Jeong OH,Kwang-Hee LIM 한국생물공학회 2011 한국생물공학회 학술대회 Vol.2011 No.10

Protective effect of ginsenoside Rb1 against tacrolimus-induced apoptosis in renal proximal tubular LLC-PK1 cells

Lee, Dahae,Lee, Dong-Soo,Jung, Kiwon,Hwang, Gwi Seo,Lee, Hye Lim,Yamabe, Noriko,Lee, Hae-Jeong,Eom, Dae-Woon,Kim, Ki Hyun,Kang, Ki Sung The Korean Society of Ginseng 2018 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.42 No.1

Background: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the potential protective effects of six ginsenosides (Rb1, Rb2, Rc, Rd, Rg1, and Rg3) isolated from Panax ginseng against tacrolimus (FK506)-induced apoptosis in renal proximal tubular LLC-PK1 cells. Methods: LLC-PK1 cells were treated with FK506 and ginsenosides, and cell viability was measured. Protein expressions of mitogen-activated protein kinases, caspase-3, and kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1) were evaluated by Western blotting analyses. The number of apoptotic cells was measured using an image-based cytometric assay. Results: Reduction in cell viability by $60{\mu}M$ FK506 was ameliorated significantly by cotreatment with ginsenosides Rg1 and Rb1. The phosphorylation of p38, extracellular signal-regulated kinases, and KIM-1, and cleavage of caspase-3, increased markedly in LLC-PK1 cells treated with FK506 and significantly decreased after cotreatment with ginsenoside Rb1. The number of apoptotic cells decreased by 6.0% after cotreatment with ginsenoside Rb1 ($10{\mu}M$ and $50{\mu}M$). Conclusion: The antiapoptotic effects of ginsenoside Rb1 on FK506-induced apoptosis were mediated by the inhibition of mitogen-activated protein kinases and caspase activation.

Protective effect of Korean Red Ginseng against FK506-induced damage in LLC-PK1 cells

Dahae Lee,Ki Sung Kang,Jae Sik Yu,Jung-Yoon Woo,Gwi Seo Hwang,Dae-Woon Eom,Seung-Hoon Baek,Hye Lim Lee,Ki Hyun Kim,Noriko Yamabe 고려인삼학회 2017 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.41 No.3

Background: Compound FK506 is an immunosuppressant agent that is frequently used to prevent rejection of solid organs upon transplant. However, nephrotoxicity due to apoptosis and inflammatory response mediated by FK506 limit its usefulness. In this study, the protective effect of Korean Red Ginseng (KRG) against FK506-induced damage in LLC-PK1 pig kidney epithelial cells was investigated. Methods: LLC-PK1 cells were exposed to FK506 with KRG and cell viability was measured. Western blotting and RT-PCR analyses evaluated protein expression of MAPKs, caspase-3, and KIM-1. TLR-4 gene expression was assessed. Caspase-3 activities were also determined. The number of apoptotic cells was measured using an image-based cytometric assay. Results: The reduction in LLC-PK1 cell viability by 60mM FK506 was recovered by KRG cotreatment in a dose-dependent manner. The phosphorylation of p38, p44/42 MAPKs (ERK), KIM-1, cleaved caspase-3, and TLR-4 mRNA expression was increased markedly in LLC-PK1 cells treated with 60mM FK506. However, with the exception of p-ERK, elevated levels of p-p38, KIM-1, cleaved caspase-3, and TLR-4 mRNA expression were significantly decreased after cotreatment with KRG. Activity level of caspase-3 was also attenuated by KRG cotreatment. Moreover, image-based cytometric assay showed that apoptotic cell death was increased by 60mM FK506 treatment, whereas it was decreased after cotreatment with KRG. Conclusion: Taken together, these results suggest that the molecular mechanism of KRG in the FK506-induced nephrotoxicity may lead to the development of an adjuvant for the inhibition of adverse effect FK506 in the kidney.

Protective effect of Korean Red Ginseng against FK506-induced damage in LLC-PK1 cells

Lee, Dahae,Kang, Ki Sung,Yu, Jae Sik,Woo, Jung-Yoon,Hwang, Gwi Seo,Eom, Dae-Woon,Baek, Seung-Hoon,Lee, Hye Lim,Kim, Ki Hyun,Yamabe, Noriko The Korean Society of Ginseng 2017 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.41 No.3

Background: Compound FK506 is an immunosuppressant agent that is frequently used to prevent rejection of solid organs upon transplant. However, nephrotoxicity due to apoptosis and inflammatory response mediated by FK506 limit its usefulness. In this study, the protective effect of Korean Red Ginseng (KRG) against FK506-induced damage in LLC-PK1 pig kidney epithelial cells was investigated. Methods: LLC-PK1 cells were exposed to FK506 with KRG and cell viability was measured. Western blotting and RT-PCR analyses evaluated protein expression of MAPKs, caspase-3, and KIM-1. TLR-4 gene expression was assessed. Caspase-3 activities were also determined. The number of apoptotic cells was measured using an image-based cytometric assay. Results: The reduction in LLC-PK1 cell viability by $60{\mu}M$ FK506 was recovered by KRG cotreatment in a dose-dependent manner. The phosphorylation of p38, p44/42 MAPKs (ERK), KIM-1, cleaved caspase-3, and TLR-4 mRNA expression was increased markedly in LLC-PK1 cells treated with $60{\mu}M$ FK506. However, with the exception of p-ERK, elevated levels of p-p38, KIM-1, cleaved caspase-3, and TLR-4 mRNA expression were significantly decreased after cotreatment with KRG. Activity level of caspase-3 was also attenuated by KRG cotreatment. Moreover, image-based cytometric assay showed that apoptotic cell death was increased by $60{\mu}M$ FK506 treatment, whereas it was decreased after cotreatment with KRG. Conclusion: Taken together, these results suggest that the molecular mechanism of KRG in the FK506-induced nephrotoxicity may lead to the development of an adjuvant for the inhibition of adverse effect FK506 in the kidney.

갑상선기능저하증 이환견에 대한 치료 증례

김혜원,이선희,임수정,박형진,김태신,송은식,송근호 忠南大學校 獸醫科大學 附設 動物醫科學硏究所 2009 動物醫科學硏究誌 Vol.16 No.1

A 10-year-old, male, poodle dog was referred to the Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital of Chungnam National University because of continuous cough and cardiomegaly. Weight gain, lethargy, unwillingness to exercise and decreased activity was revealed on history. Obesty and alopecia was also observed on physical examination. Hypercholesterolemia and increased ALP was revealed on blood exam. So, evaluation of thyroid gland function was performed and cTSH concentration was increased. tT4 and fT4 concentrations was decreased. Results of a history, physical examination, blood exam, and thyroid gland fuction test support a diagnosis of hypothyroidism. Initial therapy with sodium levothyroxine was indicated. On 32 days after treatment of hypothyroidism, clinical signs was relieved and cTSH concentration was decreased, tT4 and fT4 concenctrations was increased.

Capnography로 조기에 발견한 악성고열증 : 증례 보고 A case report

김동찬,임혜린,한영진 대한마취과학회 2002 Korean Journal of Anesthesiology Vol.43 No.5

Malignant hyperthemia is an autosomal-dominant inherited disorder of the skeletal muscle cell characterized by a hypermetabolic response to all commonly used inhalational anesthetics and depolarizing muscle relaxants. The clinical syndrome includes muscle rigidity, hypercapnia, tachycardia and myoglobinuria as result of increased carbon dioxide production, oxygen consumption and muscle membrane breakdown. Early recognition and vigorous treatment are very important factors determine patient's prognosis in malignant hyperthermia. However, it is very difficult to diagnose malignant hyperthemia during anesthesia because malignant hyperthemia presents with multiple nonspecific signs and laboratory findings of variable intensity and time course during and after exposure to anesthetic agents. We report a case of malignant hyperthemia which was diagnosed early using capnography before the appearance of hyperthemia and successfully treated. The malignant hyperthemia episode developed 20 minutes after induction of anesthesia with thiopental sodium, pancuronium, isoflurane, N_2O and O_2. When we suspected episode, we could not-tidal CO_2. We discuss here the usefulness of capnography in early recognition of malignant hyperthemia and the importance of early recognition in prognosis. (Korean J Anesthesiol 2002; 43: 667~672)

변위된 미맹출 상악 견치의 교정 치험례 : CASE REPORT

임혜정,최남기,김선미,양규호 大韓小兒齒科學會 2005 大韓小兒齒科學會誌 Vol.32 No.3

상악 견치는 가장 긴 치근을 가지며 저작기능과 함께 하악의 측방운동을 유도하고 심미적으로도 치열궁의 구각부위에 위치하여 교합관계의 조화와 대칭을 유지하는 등의 중요한 기능을 수행한다. 상악 견치는 발육기간이 가장 길며 형성되어 맹출하기까지 복잡한 경로를 갖기 때문에 다른 치아보다 매복의 빈도가 높다. 이러한 매복치를 치료하기 위해 임상의는 관찰을 하거나 외과적 노출과 교정적 견인, 자가치아이식, 발치 등 다양한 치료방법을 고려할 수 있다. 외과적 노출과 교정치료는 견치를 교합선상에 배치할 수 있기 때문에 가장 이상적인 접근으로 생각할 수 있다. 본 증례 보고는 구개측으로 매복된 상악 견치를 외과적 노출과 교정적 치아이동을 통해 기능적, 심미적으로 양호한 결과를 얻었다. The maxillary canine is especially important as it has the longest root, provides guidance for lateral movement of the mandible and masticatory function and is a key in esthetics due to its position. Maxillary canine has the longest time to develop and a complex route from the place of formation to the site of eruption, and so it is prone to impaction more than other teeth. The clinician should consider the various treatment options : (a) No treatment and observation, (b) surgical exposure and orthodontic traction (c) autotransplantation (d) extraction. Surgical exposure of the canine and orthodontic treatment to bring the tooth into the line of occlusion is considered the most desirable approach. This case presents the results of treatment for impacted maxillary canine by surgical exposure and orthodontic tooth movement.

국소성 분절성 사구체 경화증의 완전 관해 후 발병한 IgA 신병증 1예

임현민,김현정,박민석,주혜원,최원,김상현,박원도 인제대학교 2006 仁濟醫學 Vol.27 No.-

We report a rare case of primary glomerular disease with IgA nephropathy in a 43-year old man. 7-years ago, he was diagnosed with minimal change nephrotic syndrome. After treatment with steroid for 1-year, azotemia and proteinuria were improved. But, nephrotic range proteinuria was relapsed within 1 week after cessation of steroid. Renal biopsy revealed focal segmental glomerulosclerosis, and achived a complete remission with the use of steroids and cyclophosphamide. Then, he was followed up with normal renal function for 4-years. On admission, the patient showed generalized edema and marked proteinuria. In 3rd renal biopsy, mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis with diffuse global sclerosis was observed. Electron microscopy showed electron-dense deposit on the mesangium with slight mesangial proliferation, and immunofluoroscence microscopy showed granular deposits of IgA and IgM. These features were consistent with IgA nephropathy, different from results of previous biopsies. The pathogenesis of IgA nephropathy occurred with primary FSGS is not clear, as well as treatment. Now, proteinuria is improving, steroid and cyclophosphamide are probably useful for the disease.

이소골 전위 및 골절에서의 고해상 CT 소견

임수미,최혜영,팽미혜,변성완,김미성 梨花女子大學校 醫科大學 醫科學硏究所 2003 EMJ (Ewha medical journal) Vol.26 No.1

목적 : 측두골 외상으로 인한 이소골 전위나 골절의 고해상 CT 소견을 알아보고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법 : 1998년 1월부터 2002년 6월까지 측두골 외상 환자 중 고해상 CT에서 이소골 전위나 골절이 있었던 11명의 환자를 대상으로 하였다. 8명의 환자에서는 필름을, 3명의 환자에서는 PACS를 이용한 고해상 CT를 후향적으로 분석하였고 이소골 전위 및 골절의 분류, 측두골 골절의 분류, 그 외 주위조직의 동반된 이상소견을 알아보았다. 결과 : 11명의 이소골 이상이 있었던 환자 중 침추골 관절 분리가 10예로 가장 많았고 침등골 관절 분리가 4예 있었으며 추골 골절, 침골 골절, 침골의 장각과 두상돌기 전위, 침골돌기가 보이지 않았던 경우가 각각 1예씩 있었다. 측두골 골절은 8예에서 있었으며 종위골절이 7예, 황위골절 1예였고 그 외에도 경동맥관 골절, 경동맥해면루, 접형골과 후두골의 골절이 동반되었다. 필름을 이용한 고해상 CT에서 보다 PACS를 이용한 CT에서 확대 및 창폭(window width) 변화가 가능하여 이소골 평가에 이용하였다. 결론 : 측두골 외상으로 인한 이소골의 전위가 골절은 고해상 CT상 횡단 및 관상면의 정확한 해부학적 지식이 필요하였으며 침추골 관절 분리가 가장 흔하고 측두골의 종위골절이 많이 동반되며 특히 PACS를 이용한 고해상 CT가 이소골 평가에 유용하였다. Purpose : To evaluate the CT findings of ossicular disruption and fracture utilizing high resolution computed tomography(HRCT) of the temporal bone. Materials and Methods : The authors retrospectively reviewed the HRCT scans of 11 patients with ossicular injuries between January 1998 and June 2002 using films in 8 patients, PACS in 3 patients. The type of ossicular injuries, temporal bone fracture, and associated adjacent injuries were evaluated. Results : Among the 11 patients of ossicular injuries, there were 10 cases of incudomalleal disruption, 4 cases of incudostapedial disruption, and 1 case of fracture of malleus, fracture of incus, disruption of long and lenticular process of incus, nonvisualization of processes of incus. The temporal bone fractures were longitudinal in 7 cases, transverse in I case. Other injuries were fracture of the carotid canal, caroticocavemous fistula, fracture of sphenoid and occipital bones. Conclusion : Incudomalleal disruption was the most frequent tupe of ossicular injuries and associated temporal bone fracture was longitudinal type. HRCT using PACS was useful in evaluation of ossicular injuries than films.