Implication of intracellular ROS formation, caspase-3 activation and Egr-1 induction in platycodon D-induced apoptosis of U937 human leukemia cells

Shin, D.Y.,Kim, G.Y.,Li, W.,Choi, B.T.,Kim, N.D.,Kang, H.S.,Choi, Y.H. Masson Pub. USA, Inc 2009 BIOMEDICINE AND PHARMACOTHERAPY Vol.63 No.2

Platycodon D is a major constituent of triterpene saponins found in the root of Platycodon grandiflorum, Platycodi Radix, which is widely used in traditional Oriental medicine for the treatment of many chronic inflammatory diseases. The results of previous studies have shown that this compound has in vitro growth-inhibitory activity in human cancer cells, however, the mechanism by which this action occurs is poorly understood. In this study, we examined the effects of platycodon D on the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and evaluated the association of these effects with apoptotic tumor cell death using a human leukemic U937 cell line. The results of this study demonstrate that platycodon D mediates ROS production, and that this mediation is followed by a decrease in mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP, ΔΨ<SUB>m</SUB>), activation of caspase-3, and cleavage of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP). Both the cytotoxic effects and apoptotic characteristics induced by platycodon D treatment were significantly inhibited by z-DEVD-fmk, a caspase-3 inhibitor, which demonstrates the important role that caspase-3 plays in the observed cytotoxic effect. Additionally, the transcription factor early growth response-1 (Egr-1) gene was transcriptionally activated and the levels of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID)-activated gene-1 (NAG-1) protein were elevated in platycodon D-treated U937 cells. However, the quenching of ROS generation in response to treatment with a ROS scavenger, N-acetyl-l-cysteine, reversed the platycodon D-induced apoptosis effects via inhibition of Egr-1 activation, ROS production, MMP collapse, and the subsequent activation of caspase-3. Although further studies are needed to demonstrate that increased expression of Egr-1 by platycodon D leads directly to NAG-1 induction and subsequent apoptosis, our observations clearly indicate that ROS induced through Egr-1 activation are involved in the early molecular events involved in the platycodon D-induced apoptotic pathway.

RF 스위치 적용을 위한 박막 PZT 엑추에이터의 d<SUB>31</SUB> 구동과 d<SUB>33</SUB> 구동 특성 비교

신민재(M. J. Shin),서영호(Y. H. Seo),최두선(D-S. Choi),황경현(K-H. Hwang) 한국정밀공학회 2006 한국정밀공학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.2006 No.5월

In this work, we present the comparison between d<SUB>31</SUB> and d<SUB>33</SUB> mode characterization using the PZT micro-actuator for large displacement. The PZT micro-actuator consisted of Si, PZT, and Pt layer on SOI wafer. The electrode shapes were laminated and interdigitated for d<SUB>31</SUB> and d<SUB>33</SUB> mode, respectively. In order to characterize the actuation mode, we measured the displacement using laser interferometer. The maximum displacement of d<SUB>31</SUB> mode was 12.2㎛ at 10V, the actuation characterization of d<SUB>31</SUB> was better than that of d<SUB>33</SUB> mode. We estimated that displacement of d<SUB>33</SUB> mode would be larger than that of d<SUB>31</SUB> above 30V.

재래한우의 보존을 위한 혈청 및 혈구단백질의 유전적 다형현상

한상기(S . K . Han),윤희섭(H . S . Yoon),정의룡(E . Y . Chung),신유철(Y . C . Shin),변희대(H . D . Byun) 한국축산학회 1995 한국축산학회지 Vol.37 No.1

Biochemical polymorphisms of five red cell and semen proteins, Hemoglobin(Hb), Transferrin(Tf), Post-transferrin 2(Ptf2), Post-albumin(Pa) and Albumin(Alb) as genetic markers in Korean cattle were analyzed by Starch and Polyacryamide gel electrophoresis and their phenotypes, genotypes and gene frequencies were estimated in order to analysis the genetic constitution of Korean native cattle population. In the Hemoglobin(Hb) locus four different phenotypes AA, AB, BB and CH were observed and assumed to be controlled by four different alleles designated Hb^A, Hb^B, Hb^C and Hb^H, and the Hb^H type was rare variant of Korean native cattle. The observed distribution of phenotypes were 73.37% for AA type, 23.37% for AB type. 2.72% for BB type and 0.54%r for CH type. Gene frequencies of Hb^A, Hb^B, Hb^C and Hb^H were 0.8505, 0.1440, 0.0027 and 0.0027. Semen Transfetrin(Tf) locus, 11 different phenotypes AA, AD₁, AD₂, AE, AH, D₁D₁, D₁D₂, D₁E, D₂H, D₂D₂, D₂E, EE and EH type were identified, which considered to be controlled by codominant alleles TF,^A Tf^D, Tf^D, Tf^E and Tf^H at a single locus. The frequencies of Tf genotypes AD₁, D₁E, D₁D₂, D₂E, AA, AE, D₁D₂, AD₂, D₁D₁, EE, AH, D₂H and EH were found to be 16.30, 13.33, 11.85, 10.37, 9.69, 8.15, 7.41, 9.63, 5.93, 4.44, 1.48, 0.74 and 0.01%, respectively. Gene frequencies of TF^A, Tf^(D1) Tf^(D2) and Tf^H were 0.2741, 0.2704, 0,2333, 0.2074 and 0.0148, respectively. And TfH gene were newly identified in Korean native cattle. Considering Post-transterrin 2 locus, three different phenotypess FF, FS and SS were identified, which considers to he controlled by two alleles Ptf^F and Ptf^S at a single autosomal locus. The frequencies of Rf genotypes FS, FF and SS were found to be 51.06. 36.88 and 12.06%n, respectively and gene frequencies of Ptf^F and Ptf^S were 0.6241 and 0.3759. In the Postalbumin(Pa) locus, three different phenotypes FF, FS and SS type were observed to be genetically controllled by Pa^F and Pa^S gene. And genotypes frequencies FS. FF amd SS type were 48.65, 36.(H and 1_5.32%, respectively. The gene frequencies of Pa^F and Pa^S were 0.6036 and 0.3964. The Albumin(Alb) locus were observed to lack any individual variation. Therefore, this locus were defined to be monomorphic. In comparison of genetic distance and dendogram calculated from the gene frequencies, close relationship was obtained between the Japanese cattle and the Korean cattle.

간헐포기를 이용한 고도처리공정에서 SRT와 인제거의 상관관계

신응배,주봉현,박주섭,이두진,김연권,이미경 漢陽大學校 環境科學硏究所 2001 環境科學論文集 Vol.22 No.-

생물학적 하·폐수처리에서 고형물 체류시간(Solid Retention Time, SRT)은 공정내에서 적절한 미생물량과 성장상태를 유지하기 위한 중요한 운전 인자들 가운데 하나이다. 특히 고도처리 공정에서 생물학적 인제거는 궁극적으로 잉여슬러지의 폐기를 통해 이루어지므로, 미생물의 성장률에 영향을 미치는 SRT와 폐기되는 슬러지내의 인 함유량은 매우 중요한 의미를 지닌다. 본 연구에선 lab scale의 간헐포기공정을 이용하여 SRT의 변화에 따른 인제거 효율 평가, 슬러지내 인 함유량 변화 및 미생물 분포에 대한 예측으로 SRT에 따른 인제거 특성을 살펴보았다. 반응기의 SRT를 15, 20 및 30일로 운전하여 인제거 효율을 평가한 결과, 인제거 효율은 각각 78.4%, 93.3% 및 84.0%로 나타나 SRT 20일이 가장 높았으나, 슬러지내의 인 함유량은 5.41%, 5.88%로서 SRT가 증가할수록 인 함유량이 증가하였다. SRT가 30일인 경우가 슬러지내 인 함유량이 가장 높았음에도 불구하고, SRT 20일로 운전한 경우의 인제거율이 가장 높았던 이유는 잉여슬러지로 폐기되는 인부하량이 가장 많았기 때문이다. SRT의 변화에 따라 미생물의 분포 변화를 살펴보기 위해 일반 표준활성슬러지와 SRT 15, 20, 30일로 운전된 본 반응기의 슬러지를 대상으로 호기성 소화실험을 실시하였다. 일반 표준활성슬러지는 소화실험 초기에 급격한 VSS의 감소를 보였으나, 인 방출량은 매우 적어, 슬러지내에 phosphate accumulating organisms(PAOs)가 거의 존재하지 않는다는 것을 확인할 수 있었으며, 고도처리 슬러지의 경우 SRT가 긴 슬러지 일수록 VSS의 감소율은 작아지지만, 인 용출량은 증가하여 슬러지내에 PAOs가 우점화되어 있는 것으로 조사되었다. The solid retention time (SRT) is one of the important control parameters in biological phosphorus removal. In this study, the lab scale biological nutrient removal (BNR) reactor using intermittent aeration was operated at various SRTs to evaluate the phosphorus removal efficiency. At SRTs of 15, 20, and 30 days, the phosphorus removal efficiencies were 78.4%, 93.3%, and 84.0%, respectively, giving an optimal SRT at 20 days and phosphorus contents in the biomass were 5.41%, 5.88%, and 6.26%, respectively. The amount of phosphorus removed by wasting excess sludge was estimated as 87.78 mgP/d, 114.03 mgP/d, and 90.90 mgP/d respectively. Aerobic digestion experiments were also carried out to investigate the behavior of the phosphate accumlating organisms (PAOs) in biomass produced at different reactors. An activated sludge from the BNR process showed slower volatile suspended solids (VSS) destruction rate and higher amount of phosphorus release, compared to the conventional activated sludge (CAS), suggesting the CAS had little PAOs compared to the activated sludge from the BNR process Also slower destruction rate and higher amount of phosphorus release in the sludge at 30 days SRT compared to the sludge at 15 days SRT. suggested PAOs were more predominant at longer SRT.

A Case of Multiple Lentigines Syndrome

Shin, D. Y Korean Dermatological Association 1997 Annals of Dermatology Vol.9 No.3

대학생의 인터넷중독 및 스마트폰 중독 정도와 미술 치료 인식에 대한 조사 연구

박혜원,송승윤,윤하영,이경현,이소영,이지원,진예은,최시온,허은서,황다빈,신주현,이인영 이화여자대학교 간호학회 2018 이화간호학회지 Vol.- No.52

Purpose: Investigate the level of Internet and smart phone addiction of college students and difference of their perception on the art therapy. Method: Data was collected using 4 categories of questionnaires. Participants of this study were 383 college students who are currently attending universities located in seoul, Kyung-Ki and Incheon. The Chi-square test, One-way Analysis of Variance, Scheffé test were performed using IBM SPSS Statistics 23.0 Result: First, the study has established that the status of attending universities, grade, people who living with, age affected the level of Internet addiction of college students. In terms of the level of smart phone addiction of college students, the status of attending universities, gender, age were the affective factors. Second, there was a significant difference on the perception of the advantages of the art therapy and the level of acknowledging it, depending on the level of Internet addiction. Finally, depending on the level of smartphone addiction, there was a significant difference in the level of perception of the art therapy, expectation toward the art therapy and the helpfulness of art therapy. The more the participants are close to the addicted level, the more they want to experience the art therapy. Conclusion: These results suggest. First, it is necessary to use bigger group of participants. Second, it is necessary to improve the research methods for college students. Third, nurse should offer holistic care toward the patients regarding their general characteristics by adapting this study. Finally, it is necessary to improve the art therapy programs for the college students who are addicted to the Internet and smartphone and to develop researches proving the effectiveness of these programs.

간호대학생의 이론・실습 성적과 임상수행능력의 관련성 : 성인간호학 교과목을 중심으로

권현진,김다영,김민정,김소현,박예담,박지원,왕서현,유영주,이재현,주가은,신수진 이화여자대학교간호학회 2020 이화간호학회지 Vol.- No.54

Purpose: This study aimed to explore the relationship among score of theory course, score of practicum course and clinical practice ability by the course, Adult Health Nursing. Methods: A descriptive research was conducted using questionaries. Data were collected from September 25 to October 2, 2019. Participants were 67 nursing students at one university in Seoul on their junior year who have experienced clinical settings. The collected data were analyzed by t-test, ANOVA, Cohen’s Kappa, and Scheffe’s test using SPSS 25.0 version program. Results: Participants were given a quartile number from 1 to 4 respectively according to their scores of theory course those of practicum course. The total mean score of clinical practice ability was 3.61, with a perfect score of 5. The scores of theory course and practicum course showed slight correlation(Cohen’s Kappa=.168). However, significant correlation did not existed among score of theory course, score of practicum course and clinical practice ability. Conclusion: The result showed that score of theory course, score of practicum course and clinical practice ability have no significant correlation. However, its finding suggests the necessity of further research about various approach and new evaluation methods needed in order to improve nursing students’ competency.

Relaxation behaviors of enantiomorphic S-ibuprofen as revealed by dielectric and photon correlation spectroscopies

Shin, D.M.,Hwang, Y.H.,Ko, J.H.,Kojima, S. Elsevier 2015 Current Applied Physics Vol.15 No.9

Relaxation behaviors of enantiomorphic S-ibuprofen were investigated in its amorphous state by using dielectric and photon correlation spectroscopies. The dielectric relaxation processes of the S-ibuprofen were nearly identical to those of the racemic RS-ibuprofen. The relaxation parameters and the dielectric strengths of the α-process and the D-process for the S-ibuprofen were very similar to those for the RS-ibuprofen. These results indicate that the stereochemistry of ibuprofen molecules do not have any substantial effect on molecular motions in the amorphous state of ibuprofen. The relaxation times of the main relaxation process probed by using the photon correlation spectroscopy were consistent with those of the dielectric α-process. The fragility of the S-ibuprofen was 76, which was nearly the same to that determined based on the thermal relaxation times and smaller than that of the racemic compound.

多變量解釋法에 依한 고추의 品種群 分類

Y. M. Lee(李榮萬),D. Y. Shin(申東永) 한국육종학회 1984 한국육종학회지 Vol.16 No.1

Mahalanobis’s Distance(D²) statistic in all possible comparisons among fifty varieties of pepper (Capsicum annunm L.) for sixteen morphological characters were compiled of the genetic differences among the varieities and varietal classification was made by single link cluster analysis based on the D²S. Mahalanobis’s Distance revealed great variation from 5.327 to 888.440 in 1,125 inter-varietal comparisons. According to the dendrogram based on the D²S, fifty varieties were classified into fourteen varietal groups, of which three (V, VIII, XIV) consisted of single variety. The averages of intra-group D²S except varietal group X, XI and XII were lower than those of inter-group D²S. Factors mostly contributing to the inter-group D²S were number of days to flowering, fruit length, fresh/dry fruit-weight ratio, and plant height. Most of the varietal groups were not associated with, their geographical origin, but several varieties collected from adjacent localities were grouped in the same varietal group or in neighboring varietal groups. Each varietal group was distinctly characterized by many major morphological characters.

Spontaneous gastric carcinoids in Apodemus agrarius

D,D,Jang,J,C,Cho,D,H,Shin,C,M,Hong,J,Y,Choi 대한수의학회 1994 대한수의학회 학술대회발표집 Vol.1994 No.-