Streptozotocin-당뇨병 백서에서 당뇨병 이환기간에 따른 대동맥의 이완능 저하 및 Oxygen-Free Radical에 의한 이완능의 손상정도

김정국,김신우,김수동,서예경,하승우,김보완,백운이,권삼,강승완 경북대학교 병원 1997 경북대학교병원의학연구소논문집 Vol.1 No.1

목적: 당뇨병의 이환기간이 혈관의 내피세포 의존성 및 비의존성 이완능의 저하에 미치는 영향과 이환기간에 따라 oxygen-free radical(OFR)에 의한 동맥이완능의 손상정도에 차이가 있는지를 알아보고자 하였다. 방법: Streptozotocin(STZ)으로 당뇨병이 유도된 3 주 및 10주째의 백서군과 연령이 비슷한 정상 대조백서군의 적출 대동맥환을 norepinephrine으로 수축시킨 상태에서 내피세포 의존성 이완제인 acetylcholine(ACh) 및 비의존성 이완제인 nitroglycerine(NTG)에 대한 이완능을 즉정하여 비교 관찬하였다. 또한 xanthine과 xanthine oxidase의 혼합으로 생성된 H₂O₂에 대동맥환을 노출시킨뒤 역시 ACh과 NTG에 대한 이완능의 손상정도를 비교하였다. 결과: 3주및 10주째 당뇨병 백서의 대동맥환은 모두 대조군 백서의 대동맥환에 비해 ACh에 대한 이완능이 유의하게 감소하였으며 10주째 당뇨병 백서군에서의 ACh에대한 이완능의 저하는 3 주째 당뇨병 백서군에 비해 유의하게 심하였다.H₂O₂에 노출시킨 뒤 ACh에대한 이완능은 3주 및 10주 째 당뇨병 백서군에서 모두 대조군에 비해 유의하게 심한 손상을 보였으나 3주와 10주째 당뇨병 백서군 사이의 손상정도의 차이가 통계학적으로 유의하지는 않았다. 한편 3주 및 10주째 당뇨병 백서군 모두 NTH에 대한 대동맥환의 이완능은 대조 백서군과 별다른 차이가 없었으며 또 H₂O₂에 노출시킨 뒤에도 NTG에 대한 이완능의 손상은 관찰되지 않았다. 결론: STZ-당뇨병백서에서 대동맥의 이완능은 당뇨병에 이환된지 3 주째에 이미 ACh에 대한 내피세포 의존성 이완능이 선택적으로 저하되며 당뇨병의 이환기간이 길수록 이완능의 저하가 심하였고, OFR에 의한 동맥 이완능의 손상도 내피세포 의존성 이완능에만 선택적으로 나타나나 이환기간에 따라 OFR에 의한 이완능 손상정도에는 뚜렷한 차이가 없음을 시사하고 있다. Objectives: Diabetes mellitus produces histological evidence of endothelial as well as changes in vascular function in experimental animal. Oxygen free radicals interfere with of destroy endothelium-dependent relaxation in normal and diabetic blood vessels. The present study was investigated whether the duration of diabetic state can affect the severity of impairment in endothelium-dependent and/or independent relaxation and the sensitivity to oxygen free fadical (OFR)-induced damage in diabetic rat vasculature. Methods: The relaxative responses of aortic ring precontracted with norepinephrine in vitro to cumulative concentrations of acetylcholine (ACh) and nitroglycerine (NTG) were conducted in 3- and 10- week streptozotocin (STZ)-diabetic rats and agematched controls. After exposure to H₂O₂generated by mixing xanthine and xanthine oxidase, the degree of impairment in relaxative responses to ACh and NTG were also compared between 3- and 10-week diabetic rats. Results: The relaxative responses of aortic rings produced by cumulative concentrations of ACh were significantly lower in both 3- and 10-week diabetic rats than in the age-matched controls. The impairments of relaxative responses to ACh in 10-week diabetic rats were significantly greater than those in 3-week ones. After H₂O₂ exposure, the impairments of relaxative responses to ACh in 3- and 10-week diabetic aortas was also significantly greater than those in the control in the control ones. However, the severity of H₂O₂-induced damage in 10-week diabetic aortas was not significantly different than that in 3-week ones. In contrast, aortic rings of 3- and 10-week diabetic rats could still be fully relaxed by NTG, even after exposure to H₂O₂. Conclusion: These findings suggest that in SRZ-diabetic rat aortas selective impairment of endothelium-dependent relaxation to Ach can be found early even over a 3-week period after the induction of diabetes and the impairment may be greater in those with the longer duration of the diabetic state and that the impairment of the vascular relaxation by OFR is also selective to endothelium-dependent response but the sensitivity of OFR-induced damage may not be related to the duration of the diabetic state.

시상하부-뇌하수체 질환에서 종합적 뇌하수체전엽 기능검사의 진단적 의의

김수동,김신우,김정국,하승우,김보완 慶北大學校 醫科大學 1993 慶北醫大誌 Vol.34 No.4

시상하부-뇌하수체질환의 기저질환에 따른 종합적 뇌하수체전엽 자극검사의 진단적 가치를 알아보고자 81례의 뇌하수체 기능부전증환자를 대상으로 시상하부질환군과 Sheehan증후군, 말단비대증과 프로랙틴종, 그리고 뇌하수체선종에서 시야장애가 동반된 군과 장애가 없는 군으로 나누고 기능검사의 결과를 비교하였다. 1. Sheehan증후군 15례 가운데 GH 및 cortisol결핍이 전례(각각 100%)에서 FSH, LH 및 TSH결핍이 11∼12례(73∼80%)에서 관찰되었고 13례(86%)에서는 TRH에 대한 PRL분비증가가 저하 또는 소실되었다. 두개인두종 10례를 포함한 시상하부질환 14례 가운데 12례(86%)는 PRL의 기저지가 비정상직으로 증가되어 있었으며 TRH자극에 대해 PRL분비 증가가 11례(79%)에서 둔화되어 있었다. GH분비능도 11례(79%)에서 저하되었으며 그 밖의 cortisol, LH, TSH, FSH의 순으로 분비능이 저하되어 있었으나 그 빈도는 Sheehan증후군에 비해 전반적으로 낮았다. 2. 말단비대증 18례 가운데 14례(78%)에서 GH기저치가 비정상적으로 증가되어 있었고 13례(72%)는 저혈당자극에 대해 정상적인 GH의 증가를 보였으며 8례(44%)에서 고프로랙틴 혈증이 동반되었다. 프로랙틴종 18례 가운데 전례(100%)에서 PRL기저치가 증가되었고 13례(72%)에서 TRH에 대한 PRL의 증가반응이 둔화되었다. LH, FSH, cortisol 및 TSH분비능의 장애는 말단비대증군에서 프로랙틴종에 비해 다소 높은 빈도를 보이는 경향이었다. 3. 뇌하수체선종 가운데 시야장애가 동반된 21례에서 시야장애가 없는 23례에 비해 GH, cortisol및 LH의 분비반응이 저하된 빈도가 다소 높은 경향이었다. 이상의 결과로 보아 종합적 뇌하수체전엽 기능검사는 시상하부-뇌하수체질환의 기저질환을 진단하는데 중요한 정보를 제공할 수 있다고 생각한다. The combined stimulation test using TRH, LHRH and insulin has allowed investigation of the reserve of all pituitary tropic hormones under physiological and pathological conditions. To evaluate the diagnostic efficacy of this test for differentiating the underlying causes of hypopituitarism, we analyzed retrospectively the results of these tests done in 81 patients with proven hypothalamo-pituitary disorders. 1. In 15 patients with Sheehan's syndrome as a typical type of primary hypopituitarism, responses of both GH and cortisol to insulin-induced hypoglycemia were decreased in 15 cases all (100% in both) and of FSH, LH and TSH in 11 to 12 cases(73-80%). Incremental response of prolactin(PRL) to TRH was diminished or absent in 13 cases(86%). In 14 patients with hypothalamic diseases, including 10 cases of craniopharyn-gioma, as a representative secondary hypopituitarism, the basal PRL levels were abnormally elevated in 12 cases (86%) and both responses of PRL to TRH and of GH to hypoglycemia were blunted in 11 cases (79% in both). The frequency of impaired cortisol secretion was 50%, followed by LH, TSH and FSH secretion : overall frequency much lower than in Sheehan's syndrome. 2. In 18 acromegalics with pituitary adenoma, basal GH levels were abnormally elevated in 14 cases(78%) and incremental responses of GH to hypoglycemia were found in 13(72%). Hyperprolactinemia was accompanied in 8 (44%). In 18 patients with prolactinoma, basal PRL levels were moderately to markedly elevated in all of them(100%) and responses of PRL to TRH were blunted in 13(72%). The frequency of impaired secretion of LH, FSH, cortisol and TSH was slightly higher in acromegalics than in patients with prolactinoma. 3. The frequency of impaired secretion of GH, cortisol and LH tended to be slightly higher in patients with pituitary adenoma associated with visual field defect than those without visual field defect. These results suggest that the combined pituitary stimulation test will give us some of reliable information for evaluating the underlying causes of hypopituitarism.

췌장의 가성낭종 파열에 의한 하부 위장관 출혈 1예

장성종,김병수,부귀범,김동규,박찬국,김만우,김정용,박상헌 조선대학교 부설 의학연구소 2000 The Medical Journal of Chosun University Vol.25 No.1

Pancreatic pseudocysts usually develop as a complication of acute pancreatitis or repeated attacks of chronic pancreatitis. Pseudocysts may also develop as a result of traumatic injuries or neoplasms. An uncommon complication is massive hemorrhage inside the pancreatic pseudocyst. The exact mechanism of hemorrhage is unknown. Enzymatic digestion, pressure erosion from the cyst mass or a combination of these processes may play an important role. Gastrointestinal hemorrhage associated with a pancreatic pseudocyst can occur in 10 percent of cases. When hemorrhage occurs because of erosion into a blood vessel involved in the pseudocyst, surgery is indicated since the episodes of hemorrhage are often severe and may even be fatal. When there is colonic involvement, various complications may occur. The most dangerous one is spontaneous rupture into the colon, which requires immediate surgical treatment because of high incidence of fulminating sepsis or massive hemorrhage. We examined a sixty eight-year-old man complaining of hematochezia and dizziness, and reported that it was a case of massive lower gastrointestinal hemorrhage caused by pseudocyst of the pancreas ruptured into the colon associated with chronic pancreatitis. On operative findings, the peripancreatic fatty tissue had severe adhesions to transverse colon and tail portion of pancreas, where the pseudocyst had formed. A distal pancreatectomy, splenectomy and resection of transverse colon were performed. By microscopic examination, hemorrhagic necrosis and inflammatory change were observed in the pancreas specimen. The tail portion of pancreas had a 6×6 cm sized cystic mass and was proven to be a pseudocyst with no epithelial lining.

야뇨증 환아들의 심리사회적 특성에 대한 다기관 연구 : 행동 및 정서 문제를 중심으로

조수철,김재원,신민섭,황준원,한상원,박관현,이상돈,김경도,김건석,서홍진,이유식,정재용,김영균,문두건,남궁미경,한창희,조원열,김영식,배기수,이종국,정우영,신의진 大韓神經精神醫學會 2005 신경정신의학 Vol.44 No.6

Objectives : The aim of this study was to examine the behavioral and emotional problems associated with nocturnal enuresis in Korean children. Methods : Three hundred eighteen children with nocturnal enuresis, together with their parents, completed the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL), Disruptive Behavior Disorder Scale according to DSM-IV (DBDS), Children's Depression Inventory (CDI), State-Trait Anxiety Inventory for Children (STAIC), and Piers-Harris Children's Self-Concept Scale (PHCSC). Ninety-three normal students were selected as the control group. Results : Compared to the normal control group, the mean scores with regard to the withdrawn, social problems, attention problems, delinquent behavior, aggressive behavior, externalizing problems and total problems profiles were significantly higher in the nocturnal enuresis group according to the CBCL results. The nocturnal enuresis group also scored significantly higher in the ADHD and ODD profiles of the DBDS. The nocturnal enuresis group was more depressed and anxious than the control group according to the results of the CDI and STAI. The mean score of the PHCSC was significantly lower in the nocturnal enuresis group when compared to the normal control group. Conclusion : The results of this study suggest that children with nocturnal enuresis in Korea have clinically relevant behavioral and emotional problems. The findings support the link between nocturnal enuresis and psychopathology in Korean children.

제 1형 신경섬유종증 환자에서 발생한 위장관 간질종양 1예

원경준,이준,변유미,조민근,한경택,김원,홍란,임성철,김경종,김영대,박찬국,김만우 朝鮮大學校 附設 醫學硏究所 2007 The Medical Journal of Chosun University Vol.32 No.2

Gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) is the most common non-epithelial neoplasm arising in the gastrointestinal tract, but this tumor is rarely seen in association with type l neurofibromatosis (NFl) Generally, the majority of GISTs are isolated neoplasm and they are sporadically found in the stomach, but the GISTs in NFl patients are usually multiple and usually found in the small intestine. We report a case of multiple GISTs in the jejunum of a 63-year-old woman diagnosed as NFl accompanied by complication of gastrointestinal bleeding, In this case, Patient had multiple cafe-au lait spots and neurofibroma on skin and had freckling on axilla and groin, and then, we made a diagnosis of NFl. Gastrointestinal bleeding is controlled by resection of multiple GISTs. Generally, only 3-5% of all gastrointestinal bleeding comes from the small bowel. Causes of small intestinal bleeding are angiodysplasia, neoplasm, NSAIDs induced ulcer etc. but, If patients have NFl accompanied by complication of gastrointestinal bleeding, GISTs on small bowel must be considered.

Influenza Virus Type A 감염 MDCK 세포에 있어서 Glutathione S-transferase의 활성 변동

김병렬,박남표,윤종국,전태원,이상일 대한의생명과학회 2000 Journal of biomedical laboratory sciences Vol.6 No.1

농도와 기간에 따른 바이러스 감염 및 항바이러스제인 amantadine병행 첨가 시 Maddin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) 세포 내의 free radical 해독계 효소인 glutathione S-transferase (GST)와 lactate dehydrogenase (LDH)의 활성 변동을 상호비교 관찰하였다. 바이러스에 감염된 MDCK 세포는 감염 3일 후 1 TCID50군은 80% 이상, 10 TCID50군은 거의 대부분의 단층세포가 탈락되는 병변 효과가 나타났다. Amantadine cytotoxic dose %가 증가함에 따라 MDCK 세포 내의 GST 및 LDH 활성은 농도에 따라 유의하게 감소되었고, 감염배지 내 LDH활성은 대조군 보다 유의한 증가를 보였다. 인플루엔자 바이러스 type A접종농도와 기간에 따른 MDCK세포 내의 GST및 LDH활성은 1 및 10 TCID50감염 군에서 감염 3일 후부터 유의하게 감소되었고, 감염배지 내의 LDH활성은 10배 이상 증가되었다. 인플루엔자 바이러스 type A 100 TCID50 감염과 amantadine 병행 첨가 시 GST 및 LDH 활성은 바이러스만 감염한 군 보다 MDCK세포 내에서 대조군에 비하여 감소율이 낮았고, 감염배지 중 LDH활성 역시 증가율이 낮았다. 또한 바이러스 감염 후 amantadine 90 ㎛/ml첨가 시에 세포 내와 감염배지 중에서 가장 낮은 감소와 증가를 나타냈다. This study was performed to evaluate the activities of glutathione S-transferase (GST) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in Maddin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells infected with virus and/or treated with amantadine. On cell morphological findings, monolayer fractions in MDCK cells infected with virus were exfolated more than 80% in 1 TCID50 group and that in 10 TCID50 were completely exfolated after 3 days during infectious process. In proportion to the dose of amantadine, activities of GST and LDH of MDCK cells were significantly decreased and those of LDH in medium fraction were more significantly increased compared with control. According to in both dose and time of virus innoculation, activities of GST and LDH in MDCK cells were significantly decreased in 1 and 10 TCID50 infected cells after 3 days. LDH activities in infectious medium were remarkably rised at 10 fold. In case of the cell line inoculated with type A 100 TCID50 and additionally treated with amantadine, the decreasing rate to the control in activities of GST and LDH was lower than that in those in case of that infected with virus only. These results suggested that virus infection and amantadine treatment may effect the activity of the detoxicating enzyme in the target cells.

5-Fluorouracil로 유발된 백서후지의 선천성 기형

김천호,박성국,김선,박경란,김원식 충남대학교 의과대학 지역사회의학연구소 1996 충남의대잡지 Vol.23 No.1

To study the teratogenic mechanism of 5-fluorouracil on the developing rat hindlimbs and to reveal the congenital anomalies induced by 5-FU, 25mg/kg of 5-fluorouracil was injected intramuscularly into S-D rats on gestational day 10.5. The rats were sacrificed under ether anesthesia on gestational day 11.5, 12.5, 13.5, 14.5, 15.5, 16.5 and 17.5. The whole uterine horns were removed for observing the congenital anomalies of the hindlimbs with stereoscope. Some fetuses were fixed by the neutral buffered formalin solution for LM exmination and some hindlimbs were fixed by 2.5% glutaraldehyde solution for TEM and SEM examination. After routine processing, LM and TEM examination were performed. The results were as follows ; 1. The mean survival rate of 5-fluorouracil-treated rat fetuses was decreased sign ificantly(p<0.01) compared with that of the control group. 2. The mean body weight of the 5-fluorouracil-treated rat fetuses on gestaticnal day 17.5 was significantly lower (p<0.01) than that of the control group. 3. The congenital anomalies on the hindlimbs of the rat fetuses were 4 digit, short digit, 3 digit, and 2 digit anomalies in that order. These anomalies occured moreon the right limb about 2.6 times than on the left limb. 4. On LM and TEM examination, 5-fluorouracil injured the apical ectodermal ridge epithelial cells and mesenchymal cells of hindlimb bud initially, but, this recovered around gestational day 14.5. According to the above results, 5-fluorouracil-induced congenital anomalies of the hindlimbs of rat fetuses may be caused by injury to the apical ectodermal ridge epithelial cells of limb bud. Apical ectodermal ridge epithelial cells that have recovered from injury around gestational day 14.5 may elicit changed information of abnormal patterning and differentiation into the underlying mesenchymal cells in progress zone, and the various digital anomalies, such as oligodactyly and short digit anomalies will be resulted.

Mecillinam의 임상분리 장내세균 대한 시험관내 항균력

김창기,염종화,이상국,이양순,최준용,김준명,이경원,정윤섭 대한감염학회 2009 감염과 화학요법 Vol.41 No.3

Background : Mecillinam, an amidinopenicillin antibiotic, has been used to treat urinary tract infections and bacterial enteritis in many countries, In this study, we evaluated in vitro activity of mecillinam against Enterobacteriaceae isolates from urine, and Salmonella and Shigella isolates from patients with bacterial gastroenteritis. Materials and Methods : A total of 308 clinical strains were collected and were comprised of Escherichia coli (n=109), Klebsiella pneumonias (n=52), Enterobacter spp. (n=30), Serratia marcescens (n=30) and Proteus spp. (n=29) isolated from a university hospital in Korea in 2007, and of Salmonella spp. (n=28) and Shigella spp. (n=30) isolated from Korean diarrheal patients from 2001 to 2006. Antimicrobial susceptibility was tested by Clinical laboratory Standard Institute (CLSI) agar dilution method. CLSI breakpoint of mecillinam for E. coli urinary tract isolates was applied to all other isolates. Results : In E. coli, rate of susceptibility to ampicillin was 30%, but 99-100% to amikacin and cefotaxime. Most (96%) of E. coli isolates, including extended-spectrum B-lactamase (ESBL) Producers, were susceptible to mecillinam. All ESBL producers, except for one isolate, were inhibited by ≤4 ug/mL of mecillinam. MIC_90 of mecillinam for K. pneumonias and Enterobacter spp. was 8 ug/mL and 1 ug/mL, respectively, and the susceptibility rate was 92% and 97%, respectively. However, MIC_90 of mecillinam for S. marcescens isolates was >128 ug/mL and most of them were resistant to meclllinam. All Salmonella isolates and 27 of 30 Shigella isolates were susceptible to meclllinam. Conclusion : Mecillinam was active vitro against most Enterobacteriaceae, Salmonella, and Shigella isolates except for S. marcescens. Therefore, mecillinam can be a good alternative agent for treating urinary tract infection and bacterial gastroenteritis.

多目的 計劃法에 의한 合成PC橋의 最適化

金基大,朴聖圭,林鍾國 大邱大學校 科學技術硏究所 1999 科學技術硏究 Vol.6 No.2

This paper is to propose optimum Design with the multiobjective function for the composite PCI girder algorithm by the SLP method, which is able to get a optimum solution easily by the use of the linear programming method in order to design a practical composite PCI girder bridges. To verify, the reliability of results, this method was applied to the composite PCI girder bridge which is being used in fields now. As a result, the algorithm of this paper was revealed easy and practical to get the PCI girder space, the optimum prestress, and the eccentric space.

적응 등화기에서 데이터-재사용 LMS 알고리즘을 이용한 신호 간섭 제어

김원균,김동국,곽종서,나상동 조선대학교 에너지.자원신기술연구소 1999 에너지·자원신기술연구소 논문지 Vol.21 No.2

적응 등화기에서 LMS 알고리즘의 수렴 속도를 개선하기 위한 데이터 재순환 버퍼 구조를 제안한다. 폐기된 수신 데이터를 재활용함으로서 심볼 시간 주기에 적응 등화기의 에러를 이용한 가중치 갱신을 통해 제안된 알고리즘의 수렴특성을 분석하여 수렴 속도가 향상됨을 보인다. 컴퓨터 시뮬레이션 결과를 통해 스텝-크기 매개변수 μ가 증가됨에 따라 알고리즘의 수렴 속도가 상응하게 감소하고 또한, 스텝 크기 매개변수 μ의 증가는 실험적으로 계산된 학습 곡선에서 평균 자승 에러를 감소시키는 효과를 갖는다. 고유치 확산을 감소시킴에 따라 적응 등화기의 수렴속도를 천천히 감소시키고 평균 자승 에러의 안정-상태 값을 증가시키는 효과를 나타낸다. 따라서, 제안된 데이터 재순환 버퍼를 이용한 LMS 알고리즘의 수렴 특성을 개선시키고 계산의 복잡도를 증가시키지 않으면서 수렴속도를 (B+1)배만큼 증가시킨다는 것을 보인다. 컴퓨터 시뮬레이션 결과는 최악의 스텝 크기 매개변수와 고유치 확산 영역에 따른 평균 자승 에러를 분석하고 필터 알고리즘에서 신호간섭제어가 우수함을 입증한다. Data-recycling buffer structure to improve the convergence speed of LMS algorithm in adaptive equalizer is proposed. The improvement of convergence speed is shown by analyzing convergence characteristics of the proposed algorithm through updating weight using the error of adaptive equalizer when coefficients are multiply adapted in a symbol time period. As the step-size parameter μ is increased, the rate of convergence of the algorithm is correspondingly decreased through computer simulation result. Also, increasing the step-size parameter μ has the effect of reducing the variation in the experimentally computed learning curve. Reducing the eigenvalue spread has the effect of slowing down the rate of convergence of the adaptive equalizer and also increasing the steady-state value of the average squared error. Accordingly, the analysis shows that convergence speed can increase by (B+1) times, where B is the number of recycled data, as improving of convergence characteristics using the data-recycling buffer and not increasing complex of computation. The results of the computer simulation demonstrate analyzing mean squared error in accordance with the worst step-size parameter and eigenvalue spread and the superiority of signal interference control in the filter algorithm.