What makes hybrid insourcing successful: A new public–private partnership model for social welfare services

Yang Jae‐jin,Kim Hey Sung,Choi Seong Eun,Ryu Lanhee,Choi Young Jun 한국사회복지학회 2020 Asian Social Work and Policy Review Vol.14 No.1

Outsourcing has been a key policy tool for delivering a range of social services, and regarded as more effective than insourcing or direct government provision. At the same time, it has also caused many delivery issues such as principal‐agent problems, a lack of policy coordination, and poor‐quality welfare services. While the pendulum continues to swing between insourcing and outsourcing, we aim to propose a new public–private partnership model called the “hybrid insourcing model” and examine which factors influence the performance of the model. In South Korea, around 2010, the local government in Namyangju City was the first to implement the “Hope Care Center model,” a kind of hybrid insourcing model, which has been praised for its innovation and widely emulated by central and local governments. Our analysis utilizes data collected between December 2017 and January 2018 from public sector employees and civilian staff in Namyangju and a comparable city, A. From this, we draw a number of implications, both for theory and for policy. We argue that, for public–private partnerships, active cooperation and equality are the biggest factors in contributing to positive performance. These work alongside leaders with a clear vision and with employees' positive attitude

자료포락분석(DEA)를 이용한 보건의료의 효율성 측정

김남송,박홍섭,김은진,김설화,김정숙,김현아,김경숙,신지혜,최은정,양은진,유선미,유수진 圓光大學校 醫科學硏究所 2007 圓光醫科學 Vol.22 No.1

成人男子의 體格, 身體構成 및 上腕의 方向別 筋力에 관한 硏究

梁點紅,尹良津,徐國段 부산대학교 사범대학 1991 교사교육연구 Vol.22 No.-

프로스타글란딘 E₁에칠에스테르의 외용 리오겔 제제 설계

양성운,이진교,이지은,김희규,박혜숙,김종석,최한곤,용철순,최영욱 한국약제학회 2004 Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation Vol.34 No.2

External lyogels containing prostaglandin E₁ethyl ester(PGE₁-EE), a produrg of prostaglandin E₁(PGE₁) as a therapeutic agent for erectile dysfunction, were formulated to overcome the aqueous instability and enhance the percutaneous absorption. Lyogels of PGE₁-EE were prepared with ethanol (EtOH)/proplyene glycol (PG) cosolvent system as a vehicle, cineol as an enhancer, and hydroxypropylcellusose as a gelling agent. In vitro percutaneous absorption studies were performed to determine the rate of PGE₁ absorption through rat or hairless mouse skin. The permeability of PGE₁-EE lyogel with enhancer was 16-fold greater than that of lyogel without enhancer. Cosolvent produced 9-fold increase in percutaneous absorption. Pharmacodynamic effects of lyogels were evaluated in mature male cats in terms of intracavernosal pressure (ICP). Lyogles containing 0.01% of PGE₁-EE showed higher ICP compared to intraurethral preparation of PGE₁(1%) and enhancer-free control lyogel. The shelf-life (t_(10%) of lyogel at refrigerated condition (4℃) was calculated as 928 days, which is 4.2 times longer than that of control hydrogel. As a result, PGE₁-EE was formulated successfully to a lyogel system with a selective enhancer and cosolvent system for the topical delivery of PGE₁.

가시오가피(Acanthopanax senticosus)의 석유에테르 추출물 중 polyacetylene계 물질의 동정

양효진,김은미,장규섭 충남대학교 농업과학연구소 2008 농업과학연구 Vol.35 No.1

This study was conducted to isolate polyacetylenes from the Acanthopanax senticosus and to identify the chemical structure of the polyacetylenes by UV, IR, ¹H-NMR and (13)^C-NMR. One of the liposoluble materials was extracted with petroleum ether. Polyacetylene compounds were collected through solvent fractionation at silica gel column chromatograph. The HPLC was used for the semi-preparative separation IR spectra of fraction 5 showed triple bonds at 2256 cm^(-1) and double bond at 1654cm^(-1), respectively, ¹H-NMR spectra of Fraction 5 showed the double bond at 5.35-5.48 ppm. Triple bond at 64.0. 71.2, 74.2, 80.2 ppm and double bond at 121.89, 133.0 ppm were observed in the (13)^C-NMR spectra. 가시오가피를 실온에서 petroleum ether로 추출한 polyacetylene의 동정하기 위하여 TLC, HPLC, UV spectrum, IR, NMR로 수행하였다. TLC에 전개시킨 결과, polyacetylene 표준품과 동일한 band가 fraction 5에서 확인되었으며, HPLC에서 fraction 5를 분리시킨 결과 retention time이 4.40, 5.36, 6.40분이었다. 이를 UV spectrum에서 확인한 결과, 6.40분의 peak(compound 3)에서 polyacetylenes의 파장인 231.0nm, 239.0nm, 257.0nm을 나타내었다. IR spetrum에서 triple bond 2256cm^(-1)과 double bond1654cm^(-1)의 전형적인 peak를 나타내었으며, (13)^C-NMR(400MHz, CDC1₃)에서 polyacetylenes 전형적인 64.0, 71.2, 74.2, 80.2ppm은 2개의 triple bond에 의한 peak와 121.89, 133.0ppm에서 internal double bond로 결합된 2개의 peak를 확인 할 수 있었다.

카드뮴에 의해 유발된 선천성 기형에 대한 연구

김은주,김선,양은진,한승로,김수일,김원식 대한췌담도연구회 2000 대한췌담도연구회지 Vol.5 No.2

Vibrio vulnificus 박테리오 파아지의 특성

오양효,윤소겸,공은진,김민정,김영부,박영민 대한감염학회 1995 감염 Vol.27 No.5

목 적 : 이미 보고되어 있는 파아지들의 경우, 일반적인 형태, 숙주역과 몇 가지의 성질만 연구되어 있으므로 보다 상세한 특성에 대한 연구가 필요한 상태이다. 본 연구에서는 해양으로부터 분리한 V. vulnificus를 숙주균으로 하여 투명한 용균반을 형성하는 파아지를 분리해 낸 다음, 분리된 V. vulnificus 파아지의 특징을 연구하고자하였다. 방 법 : V. vulnificus 를 숙주균으로 하여 해산물로부터, 숙주균에 특이적인 파아지를 분리하고, 농축 정제과정을 거쳐 파이지입자를 순수분리하였다. 파아지의 형태를 전자현미경으로 관찰하였으며, 분리된 파아지의 숙주특이성을 조사하고, 파아지 입자의 물리적 특성을 검토하기 위해, 온도 안정성시험, pH 안정성 시험을 실시하였다. 파아지의 흡착율, 파아지의 흡착율에 미치는 무기염 이온의 영향, 온도의 영향과 pH의 영향을 관찰하였다. 파이지의 일단증식곡선을 구하였으며 토끼 면역과 교차 중화 시험, 파아지 핵산의 특성, 구조단백질의 특성을 조사하였다. 결 과 : 전자현미경관찰결과 본 연구에서 분리한 파아지는 두부와 미부를 가지는 형태로 미부에 꼬리판과 꼬리섬유를 가지고 있었다. 파아지의 물리적성질시험 결과 파아지는 50℃이하의 온도에서 안정하였으며 중성pH영역에서 안정하고 산성과 알칼리 영역에서는 활성을 잃었으며 자외선에는 35초 조사에 50% 정도 불활성화 되었다. 파아지는 약 65%의 흡착율을 나타내었으며 흡착에 ??, ??을 요구하였다. 파아지입자가 안정한 온도와 pH영역에서는 흡착에 영향을 받지 않았으며 일단증식시험 결과 108 PHU/ml의 파아지 입자를 생산하였다. 정제한 파아지를 항원으로 하여 토끼에 면역한 항혈청에 파아지가 중화되었으며 파아지 핵산은 이중나선 DNA였다. 파아지의 구조단백질은 SDS-PAGE polyacrylamide gel 전기영동 결과 2개의 밴드를 나타내었다. 그리고 Western blotting 결과 파아지의 전기영동 결과와 동일한 위치의 밴드에서 항원성을 나타내었다. 결 론 : 인체병원균으로 중요성이 인식되고 있는 V. vulnificus는 해산물의 위생과 국민건강에 직접적인 영향을 미칠 수 있는 세균으로 이에 대한 활발한 연구가 요구되는 실정이다. 파아지의 분리율은 숙주균의 분리율에 의존하므로 숙주균의 해수내 분포에 영향을 미친다고 추측되며, 파아지는 숙주균에 감염되어 숙주균을 용균시키므로 숙주균의 개체수를 조절하여 생태학적 측면에서 중요한 기능을 담당하는 것으로 여겨진다. Background : Vibrio vulnificus causes severe wound infection and life-threatening septicemia. In this study we present the characteristics of V. vulnificus bacteriophage and the basis of pathogenicity study of V. vulnificus related on bacteriophage. Methods : We isolated bacteriophage for V.vulnificus from marine products and examined its physiological and biochemical characteristics, and the ultrastructure by electron microscopy (TEM,SEM). And also, we investigated host ranges, temperature stability, pH stability, inactivation by UV irradiation, DNA isolation and analysis and structural protein analysis of the bacteriophage. Results : The adsorption rate of bacteriophage was above 80% and had a little influence at 10-45℃ and pH5-10. Isolated bacteriophage was used to produce antiserum against rabbits and its antigenicity was investigated by cross-neutralization. Western blot analysis showed the capsid protein of bacteriophage had antigenicity. The bacteriophage had double-strand DNA. In restriction analysis, the phage DNA was digested HinfI. The structural protein of phage showed two bands of 34.7kDa and 18.4kDa on SDS-PAGE. Conclusion : The specificity of bacteriophage may be due to the specific binding site that be possessed by host strain surface. Therefore, it seems that virulent bacteriophage controls the number of host strain and then takes a role on natural marine environment.

신생아 고 17α-Hydroxyprogesterone치의 추이

박은영,조진형,이수진,양승,김광남,신재훈,오필수 대한소아내분비학회 2003 Annals of Pediatirc Endocrinology & Metabolism Vol.8 No.2

임팩트시 테니스 라켓 재질의 차이에 따른 근전도 분석

윤양진,유국종,서국웅,정미라,강영택,이훈식,서국은 釜山大學校 附設 體育科學硏究所 1999 體育科學硏究所 論文集 Vol.15 No.-

The purpose of this paper is to select 7 male athletes and female athletes of high school, and to compare their active potential differences of upper arm muscles according to characteristic of a racket. the results obtained are as follows: 1. According to the accumulative distribution rate of racket material, graphite and wood material show better efficiency in case of brachio radialis muscle of male athletes, but the racket material shows no constant efficiency in brachii radialis muscle of female athletes. In case of flexor carpi radialis muscle, wood material provides better efficiency only for male athletes. In case of triceps brachii muscle, wood material gives better efficiency to males athletes and steel material gives better efficiency to females athletes. Especially in case of biceps brachii muscle, neither male nor female athletes are influenced by racket materials at impact. 2. In the muscle load rate according to racket material, wood has the highest muscle active potential and graphite has the lowest active potential. Therefore, graphite is thoght to be better in the efficiency of muscle load rate.

Calcium phosphate 결정 성장 최적화를 위한 Ti 표면의 BaTiO_3 박막 형성에 관한 연구

조진우,양홍서,박영준,황규석,송종은,이용렬 전남대학교 치과대학 2001 구강과학 Vol.13 No.2

This study was purposed to establish an optimized manufacturing process for a negatively charged ferroelectric thin flim on titanium substrate in order to develop a new implant system having the mechanical strength and bone forming ability. Ferroelectric materials show an alignment of positive and negative charges by poling treatment. Based on this property, this study was performed with the assumption that the Ca^2+ ions would be easily attracted on negatively charged surface and the attracted cation might behave as nuclei for bone-like crystal grownth in biological solutions. In order to have an osteoinducibility by the ferroelectric thin film coating, continuous and flawless crystalline thin film should be formed with ferroelectricity, and finally should be adequately poling treated. In this study, BaTiO_3 (BTO) was selected as a ferroelectric material. Before thin film coating process, most favorable poling condition was investiged with the evaluation of the difference in calcium phosphate (Ca-P) formation in simulated body fluid (SBF). Moreover, the parameters to form an optimum thin film were studied. Dense bulk BTO disks were fabricate using cold isostatic pressing(CIP) and sintered in air at 1300℃ for 2 hours. Sintered BTO disk was polished, and he crystallinity, microstructure, and ferroelectric characteristics were evaluated using an X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD), a field emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM), and an Impedance analyzer. To find the optimum poling condition for the calcium phosphate crystal formation, sintered bulk BTO specimens were treated with either of following poling conditions; 1) room temperature poling treatment [ polarizing field (Ep) = 25kV/cm, at 25℃ for 2 hours], 2) under Tc medium-temperaturepoling treatment (Ep=20kV/cm, from 85˚C to 25˚C for 2 hour), and 3) above Tc high-temperature poling were immesed in simulated body fluid (SBF) for 30 days, and the formation of calcium phosphate (Ca-P) layer n the surface was evaluated. The crystallinity, microstructure, and ferroelectric characteristic of BTO thin film were evaluated withthe variation of final heat treatment. It was performed after establishing the starting substance-solvent mixing ratio, coating times, and pre-heating temperature optimal to form continuous and flawless BTO thin film adequate for having ferroelectricity. Perparation of BTO thin film was made by dipping-pyrolysis technique using metal naphthenates as starting substances. BTO thin films was spin-coated on Ti substrate by dipping-pyrolysis technique using sol obtained by mixing Ba-naphthenate and Ti-naphthenate as starting substances. Pre-firing temperature of BTO thin film was performed at 450℃ because organic-solvent ws completely volatilized without any crystal growth, and the final heat treatment was performed at 600, 700 or 800℃, respectively. The results are as follows; 1. BTO disk sintered at 1300℃ for 2 hours showed average grain size of about 1㎛ and the relative dielectric constant at 1㎑ was abut 3000∼3500. 2. After immersing the sintered bulk BTO poled at respective conditions in SBF for 30 days, Ca-P layers were present on the negatively charged surfaces. In contrary, positively charged Bto surface did not show any noticeable charge of the surface microstructure after SBF immersion. 3. In he case of poling condition 1 and 2 treated with below Tc, Ca/P ratio showed a relatively low value of 1,.2∼1.5. While, in the case of poling condition 3 treated with above Tc, Ca/P ratio was 1.5∼1.67, which is similar to that of biological apatite. This phenomenon demonstrates that poling the BTO above the temperature of Tc is preferable for the Ca-P formation. 4. For thin film BTO coastin, the starting substance was prepared by an equimolar mixing of the Ba and Ti-naphthenate. Dilution of the starting substance with toluene was most appropriate at sol : toluene ratio of 5.2:4.8 Too thin sol produced porosity in film, and too thick sol resulted cracks in the film. By repeating the coating and pre-firing procedure 15 times, homogeneous film of 0.5㎛ thickness could be fabricated, and perfomed well during the poling treatment without breakdown. 5. The heat-treatmen of the BTO thin film at 700℃ produced a homogeneous crystalline structure without heterogeneous TiO2 formation. The BTO thin film heat-treated at 600℃ showed non-crystallinity and no ferroelectricity. Treatment at 800℃ produced heterogeneous TiO2 phase in the film, which is unfavorabe for having ferroelectricity by the distortion of the perovskite structure. The relative dielectic constant at 1 ㎑ was 152 and 112 by heat-treatment at 700 and 800℃, respectively. In summary, these results demonstrated that poling the ferroelectric B_aT_iO_3 surface negatively is effective for the formation of Ca-P layer in simulated body fluids. Poling condition at a temperature cooling from above Tc down to room temperature is most effective. By optimizing the method of BTO thin film coating on metal substrate for the formation of Ca-P layer, the data of this study might be applied for the manufacture of new bioactive implant system.