시니어의 기업가정신이 창업의도에 미치는 영향: 자기효능감과 실패두려움의 조절효과

윤성임(Yun, Sung-Im),전병훈(Jeon, Byung-Hoon) 한국경영교육학회 2021 경영교육연구 Vol.36 No.2

[연구목적] 본 연구에서는 4차산업혁명과 코로나-19 팬데믹으로 인한 사회변화, 일자리 감소, 고용불안 등 사회적 이슈의 중심에 있는 시니어들의 기업가정신과 창업의도와의 관계, 자기효능감과 실패두려움의 조절효과에 대한 영향을 검증하고 시니어 창업 활성화를 위한 시사점을 제시하고자 한다. [연구방법] 40세 이상의 시니어를 대상으로 온라인 설문조사방식으로 수집한 총 345개의 표본으로 빈도분석, 요인분석, 신뢰성 분석, 상관관계분석, 다중회귀분석 등을 실시하였고, 조절효과 검증을 위해 PROCESS macro의 Model 2번을 활용하여 5,000회의 부트스트래핑과 신뢰구간 95%을 설정하여 분석하였다. [연구결과] 기업가정신의 하위변인인 혁신성, 진취성, 위험감수성은 창업의도에 모두 정(+)의 영향을 미치고 있는 것으로, 기업가정신과 창업의도 간의 관계에서 자기효능감은 조절효과가 없는 것으로 나타났고, 실패두려움은 기업가정신의 하위변인인 진취성만 창업의도에 조절하는 것으로 나타났다. [연구의 시사점] 시니어들의 창업 활성화를 위해 시니어 역량과 기업가정신은 함양하고 실패두려움은 낮출 수 있는 실질적인 창업교육과 하이브리드 창업, 재창업, 연속 창업, 1인(지식)창업으로 이어질 수 있는 사회적 지지와 지원정책을 수반한 창업 생태계 구축이 필요하다. [Purpose] In this study, the relationship between entrepreneurship and entrepreneurial intentions of seniors who are at the center of social issues such as social change, job loss, and employment insecurity due to the 4th industrial revolution and the Corona-19 pandemic, and the moderating effect of self-efficacy and fear of failure. I want to verify the impact and present implications for revitalizing start-up of seniors. [Methodology] A total of 345 samples collected by the online survey method were analyzed for frequency, factor, reliability analysis, correlation, multiple regression, and moderation effect using Model 2 of PROCESS macro. [Findings] Entrepreneurship’s innovation, initiative, and risk-taking all have a positive effect on entrepreneurial intention. In the relationship between entrepreneurship and entrepreneurial intention, self-efficacy does not have a moderating effect, and fear of failure only controls initiative. [Implications] It is necessary to establish a startup ecosystem with social support and startup support policies that can lead to practical startup education that can cultivate the entrepreneurial spirit of seniors and reduce the fear of failure, and that can lead to continuous startups and single-person (knowledge) startups.

抵當湯이 血栓症에 미치는 실험적 연구

田炳薰,任光模,鄭鉉雨,禹元洪,鄭遇悅 대한동의병리학회 1993 동의생리병리학회지 Vol.8 No.-

연구배경 : 뇌혈관계 질환이 우리나라의 높은 사망률을 차지하고 있고, 또한 혈전증에 활혈화어법을 대단히 많이 응용되고 있어 실증의 어혈증후군에 사용되는 저당탕으로 뇌혈관계 질환중의 하나인 혈전증이 "어혈" 의 범주에 속하는 지를 고찰할 필요가 있었다. 그리하여 본 연구는 저당탕을 임상에서 혈전증 치료에 응용할 수 있는지를 알아보기 위하여 실시하였다. 방법 : 저당탕 5첩분량(138.75g)을 100ml로 감압농축하여 0.2mg/kg의 endotoxin을 시로투여 1시간 후에 백서의 미정맥에 주입하고 4시간이 경과되면 urethane마취하에서 심장채혈 하였다. 결과 : 혈소판수는 대조군에 비하여 유의성 있게 증가하였고 protheombin time도 대조군에 대조군에 비하여 유의성 있는 단축을 보였으나 fibrinogen 량은 대조군에 비하여 증가를 하였지만 유의성은 보이지 않았다. 또한 전혈점도와 혈장점도는 대조군에 비하여 유의성 있는 감소를 보였다. 결론 : 저당탕이 혈전증에 미치는 영향은 유의한 것으로 나타났다. 그렇기 때문에 혈전증과 어혈과는 깊은 관련을 가지고 있어 저당탕이 뇌혈관 질환뿐만 아니라 어혈성 질환에 임상적으로 응용하면 보다 높은 치료효과를 거두리라 사려된다.

한국인의 신장과 간장조직내 카드뮴함유량의 참고치

박정덕,최병선,권일훈,홍연표,장임원 大韓産業醫學會 2000 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.12 No.3

목 적 : 카드뮴은 인체의 물질대사에는 불필요하며 사람에게 발암작용이 있는 유해금속 물질로서체 내에서 축적되는 경향이 있다. 신장과 간장은 카드뮴의 주요 축적 장기로서 일반 인구집단에서 생활환경을 통해 미량의 카드윰에 만성적으로 폭로량을 가장 잘 반영한다. 방 법 : 이번 연구에서는 특별히 카드윰에 폭로된 적이 없는 0∼87세 범위의 부검체 254예(남자:188예, 여자 : 66예)를 대상으로 신장피질과 간장조직내 카드윰량을 분석하여 한국인에 있어서 신장과 간장내 카드윰 함유량의 참고치를 제시하였고, 체내카드뮴 총 부하량을 추정하였다. 결 과 : 한국인의 신장피질과 간장내 카드윰 농도의 기하평균치는 각각 27.4 ㎍/g wet weight와 3.1 ㎍/g wet weight 이었고, 아연의 기하평균치는 신장피질 35.4 ㎍/g wet weight, 간장 42.6 ㎍/g wet weight 이었다. 신장피질내 카드윰 축적량은 간장의 약 9배로서 미량 만성적 폭로시 신장이 주요 축적장기이었다. 한국인에 있어서 연령에 따른 신장피질내 카드윰 축적량은 50대 까지는 증가하다가 이후 감소되는 양상을 나타내었다. 신장피질내 카드뮴 축적량과 연령과는 2차 함수적인 관계를 나타내어 연령별 신장피질내 카드윰 축적량을 추정할 수 있는 예측식이 Log KCd=0.2325+0.0553 · Age-0.0005 · Age2으로 산출되어, 한국인에 있어 신장피질내 카드윰 축적량의 최고 농도는 50.8세에서 43.4 ㎍/g wet weight로 추정되었다. 또한, 신장 피질과 간장내 카드윰 축적량으로부터 산출된 연령에 따른 체내 카드윰 총 부하량의 예측식이 Total Cd Body Burden=-4.5948+1.2278 · Age-0.0121 · Age2로 산출되어, 체내 카드윰 총 부하량은 50.7 세에서 가장 높았으며 이때 26.5mg의 카드뮴이 체내에 축적되는 것으로 추정되었다. 신장피질과 간장에서 아연과 카드윰은 양의 상관이 있어 각각 Log KZn=1.1410+0.2841· Log KCd, Log LBn=1.5016+0.2396 · Log LCd 의 직선회귀관계가 성립되었으며, Cu/Zn비는 조직내 연령별 카드뮴농도와 비슷한 양상을 나타내었다. 결 론 : 이상의 결과에서 나타난 한국인의 카드뮴 폭로량은 일본인에 비해서는 낮았으나, 미국이나 서구지역에 비해서는 비슷하거나 다소 높은 수준으로 평가되었다. Objectives : Cadmium (Cd), a toxic and non-essential metal, is recognized as a human carcinogen, which has a tendency to accumulate In the human body. The levels of Cd in renal cortex and liver are good indicators as an index of Cd exposure in the general popelation. In this study, we present an estimation of reference Cd levels in tissue (renal cortex and liver) and total body burden in the general population of Korea. Methods : Cd and zinc (Zn) were analyzed in renal cortex and liver from 254 autopsies(male : 188 cases, female : 66 cases) aged 0 to 87 years. Results : Geometric mean concentration of Cd was 27.4 and 3.1 ㎍/g wet weight in renal cortex and liver, respectively. The level of Zn in renal cortex and liver was 35.4 and 42.6 ㎍/g wet weight, respectively. The result suggests that kidney is the target organ for Cd accumulation. The accumulation of Cd in renal cortex was age-dependent with a biphasic pattern. The level of Cd in renal cortex increased with age up to the fifties, and then level설 off thereafter. Based on the data, the regression model for Cd accumulation In renal cortex by age is predicted by : Log KCd = 0.2325 + 0.0553 · Age -0.0005 · Age2. The highest Cd accumulation in renal cortex of Koreans was estimated at 43.3 ㎍/g wet weight at 50.8 years old. In addition, the total Cd body burden by age was estimated by the fellowing equation'Total Cd Body Burden = -4.5948 + 1.2278 · Age - 0.0121 Age2. The highest body burden of Cd was estimated at 26.5 mg at age 50.7 years in the Korean general population. The positive correlation between Zn and Cd was observed In renal cortex and liver. Conclusions The level of Cd exposure in Korean was found to be lower than In Japanese, but same as or higher than in American and Europeans.

한국인의 심근 조직내 카드뮴 농도의 참고치

박정덕,임헌방,최병선,권일훈,이상연,강은용,홍연표,장임원 大韓産業醫學會 1999 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.11 No.1

Cadmium(Cd) is an ubiquitous, toxic and nonessential metal which is controversial about the association with a cardiovascular disease. In this study, we investigated the reference level of Cd in myocardium in Korean general population. The level of Cd and zinc(Zn) concentration in myocardium of 252 cases of "sudden and unexpected death" autopsies (male: 172, female : 60) aged 0 to 87 years was analyzed. The concentration of Cd and Zn was determined with atomic absorption spectrophotometer(Perkin-Elmer Model 5100) by flameless and flame method, respectively. The content of Cd and Zn in myocardium showed the log-normal distribution rather than normal distribution. Geometric mean concentration of Cd was 0.19 ㎍/g wet weight in myocardium. The level of Cd in myocardium was not significantly different between male (0.18㎍/g wet weight) and female (0.22㎍/g wet weight). Geometric mean concentration of Zn in myocardium was 25.25 ㎍/g wet weight. The level of Zn between male (25.13 ㎍/g wet weight) and female (25.57㎍/g wet weight) was not different. The deposit of Cd in myocardium was age-dependent of biphasic pattern, but the Zn level by age was not significantly different. The level of Cd in myocardium was increased to the fifties of age, thereafter a leveling-off was shown. The regression model of Cd deposit in myocardium by age was predicted as the following equation: Log Heart-Cd= -1.2726 + 0.0234 ·Age -0.0002 ·Age². The maximum Cd deposit in myocardium was estimated to be 0.26 ㎍/g wet weight at the age of 58.5 in Korean general population. In addition, the total Cd burden in heart by age was predicted as a following equation: Total Cd burden in Heart= -10.165+2.891 ·Age -0.0258 ·Age². The maximum heart burden of Cd was estimated to be 70.7㎍ at age of 55.4. The positive correlation between Cd and Zn was observed in myocardium. The linear regression equation was Log Heart-Zn = 1.4195+0.0262 ·Log Heart-Cd.

석면관련 폐질환의 진단에 있어서 흉부고해상도전산화단층촬영검사(HRCT)의 유용성

이현재,손지언,,홍영습,,이영일,예병진,유창훈,정갑열,김상훈,임형준,장은철,김정만,김준연 大韓産業醫學會 2006 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.18 No.2

목적: 석면에 노출된 근로자에서 석면관련 폐질환의 양상을 분석하고 진단에 있어 HRCT의 유용성을 연구하여 석면에 대한 의학적 감시프로그램의 개발에 기여하고자 하였다. 방법: 석면에 직접 노출되는 작업자 68명과 간접 노출되는 작업자 94명 등 총 162명에 대해 OSHA 석면 표준, 의학적 감시 프로그램에 따라 단순 흉부방사선검사, 폐활량검사 및 우리나라 실정에 맞게 일부 수정한 의학적 설문지를 통해 면접조사의 방식으로 환자에 관한 정보를 수집하였으며, 자료의 신뢰성을 확보하기 위하여 면접조사는 1달 이상의 기간을 두고 2차례에 걸쳐 실시된 후 확인, 수정하였다. 또한, 석면관련 폐질환을 확진하기 위하여 HRCT를 추가적으로 실시하였다. 결과: HRCT결과 석면관련 폐질환의 유병율은 162명의 근로자중 17명으로 10.5%였는데, 직접 노출군에서 10명 (14.7%), 간접 노출군에서 7명 (7.4%)이었다. HRCT와 비교할 때 단순 흉부방사선검사의 민감도와 특이도는 각각 70.6%와 98.6%이었고, 양성 예측도와 음성 예측도는 각각 85.7%와 96.6%으로, HRCT는 단순흉부방사선검사에 비해 민감도가 높아 초기 석면관련 폐질환을 진단하는데 효과적이었다. 석면관련 폐질환의 진단에 있어 HRCT와 폐활량검사 사이에 유의한 관련성이 관찰되었다. HRCT 결과 석면관련 폐질환의 유무와 의학적 설문조사 결과의 빈도분석을 실시한 결과, 유의한 변수는 작업기간, 흡연량, 호흡기질환의 과거력, 기침, 호흡곤란이었다. 결론: HRCT는 석면관련 폐질환의 진단에 있어 단순 흉부방사선검사와 비교하여 민감도가 높아 초기 진단에 유용하므로 단순 흉부방사선선검사 결과 석면관련 폐질환소견을 보일 때뿐만 아니라, 정상소견을 보이더라도 폐활량 검사결과와 근무력, 흡연력, 호흡기질환의 과거력, 기침, 호흡곤란 등의 호흡기 증상을 참고하여 HRCT검사를 고려해야 한다. 또한, 본 연구에서 관련성이 없었던 요인들에 대해서도 향후 연관성을 규명하는 광범위한 전향적 연구가 필요하다. Objectives: This study was carried out to improve the medical surveillance program of workers exposed to asbestos by examining the usefulness of High Resolution Computed Tomography (HRCT) in the diagnosis of asbestos-related lung disease. Methods: The study subjects comprised 162 workers in a ship-repairing yard, 68 of whom had been directly exposed to asbestos and 94 indirectly exposed. The 'Occupational Safety & Health Administration (OSHA) asbestos standard, medical surveilance program' and HRCT were conducted to analyze the aspects of the asbestos-related lung disease. The OSHA asbestos standard, medical surveilance program consists of simple chest x-ray, spirometry and medical questionnarie. Results: Seventeen (10.5%) of the 162 subjects, 10 (14.7%) directly exposed and 7 (7.4%) indirectly exposed, revealed asbestos-related lung disease on HRCT. The sensitivity and specificity of simple chest x-ray for asbestos-related lung disease were 70.6% and 98.6%, and the positive and negative predictive values were 85.7% and 96.6% respectively, as compared with HRCT, HRCT was an effective diagnostic tool especially to detect early asbestos-related lung disease. The study results indicated a relative significant association between the results of spirometry and HRCT. The variables significantly associated with asbestos-related lung disease on HRCT were work duration, smoking history (pack-years), past history of respiratory disease, cough and dyspnea. Conclusions: In the diagnosis of asbestos-related lung disease, HRCT should be considered not only for workers with positive findings on simple chest x-ray, but also workers with specific findings on spirometry, occupational history, smoking history, and past history of respiratory disease, or with respiratory symptoms such as cough and dyspnea.

서울의 Penicillinase Producing Neisseria Gonorrhoeae 발생빈도(1996)

김재홍,황동규,전재홍,김윤석,김중환,김용준,이창균,임동진,김현수,조창근,김경문,박상훈,전우형,김희성,이호정,차명수,김갑형,김형석,김석우,황지환,박병순,권오상,이민수,송기훈,성소영,이인섭,부태성 대한화학요법학회 1999 대한화학요법학회지 Vol.17 No.2

Background : In recent years, gonorrhea has been panedemic and remains one of the most commom STDs in the world, especially in developing countries. Objective & Methods: For the detection of a more effective therapeutic regimen and assessing the prevalence of PPNG, we have been trying to study the patients who have visited the VD Clinic of Choong-Ku Public Health Center in Seoul since 1980 by means of the chromogenic cephalosporin method. Results: In 1996, 139 strains of N. gonorrhoeae were isolated, among which 53(39.0%) were PPNG. Conclusion: Our results suggests that after a peak of 74.3% in 1993, the prevalence of PPNG in Seoul is gradually declining.

Intelligent Network Database System for Freephone and Credit Calling Services

Byung Do Ko,Kyung June Park,Jae Hoon Kim,Duck Bin Im,Jin Pyo Hong 대한전자공학회 1990 JC-CNSS : Joint Conference on Communications, Netw Vol.3 No.-

한국의 과학관의 교육사업에 관한 연구 : 그 현황과 개선책을 중심으로

임성택,이병훈 全北大學校 科學敎育硏究所 1978 과학과 과학교육 논문지 Vol.3 No.-

A status survey of the Korean science museums was conducted. It was found from the survey of eleven science museums that; 1) Ordinary programs of education for a science museum are operated and technical services of maintenance, production, and supply of scientific instruments are also provided. 2) Tie average annual attendance in 1977 was 303,600 per museum. 3) The average floor space for exhibits is 1,440㎡. 4) Manpower of educational research staff is 6 in each of the eight Students' Science Museums, with the average being 10,6 for the eleven museums. 5) The total number of science museums in Korea is 14, consisting of one National Science Museum, nine Students' Science Museums each belonging to different Provinces, two Children's Centers in two special cities, and two university natural history museums in Seoul which are, however, excluded from this survey. During the last decade twelve science museums, mainly for primary and secondary education, came into being in Korea in addition to two university natural history museums. From a general survey conducted in 1977 and early 1978 it is revealed that their educational services include not only conventional programs like exhibits, open laboratory works and lectures, science contests and film shows but also in-service training, production and supply of science kits, maintenance services of scientific instruments and mobile laboratory services which are of somewhat technical and professional nature. The investigation was made for eleven science museums, specifically consisting of eight "Students' Science Museum", one for each province of the country, the National Science Museum in Seoul and two Children's Centers in Seoul and Busan. Another Students' Science Museum slated to open in later 1978 and the two university natural history museums were excluded from the survey. Some of the findings are as follows. 1) The number of exhibit subjects of a museum varies from 23 to 281, displayed in 2 to 6 different halls. 2) Main coverages of the exhibits fall into four natural science fields i.e., physics, chemistry, biology and earth, science but technological displays are always presented while space and common sciences ("Sciences in Livings") are dealt with in most cases. 3) The annual attendance in the period of 1977 is about 3,340,000, the average being 303,600 per museum. 4) Total floor space for exhibits amounts to about 15,844㎡, with the average of 1,440㎡. 5) No academic researches are carried on and only the staff for developing science programs and exhibits exists as "Educational Researchers" with its total number 117 in the eleven museums. Their average is 10.1, but in the eight "Students' Science Museum" it is only 6 per museum. As a result of the investigation it is found that the size of exhibit floor spaces, scientific man-power and the annual attendances are, still meager and they are, even in total of the eleven science museums, not greater than that of any single world famous science museum in the United States or Europe. Moreover it was revealed that the main emphasis is not so much put on exhibit-centered programs as it should be for a museum, as compared to the programs like open laboratory instructions or science education seminars and workshops especially in the Students' Science Museums. It is suggested, therefore, that for the improvement of the present status of Korean science museums the man-power should be first increased and trained, hopefully, by any international cooperation, and also professionalization of curatorship should be established so that various educational programs of science museums might be oriented in the context of its unique museum function and public education in addition to school services. With the philosophy and ideas of museum operation thus developed subsequent investments in physical facilities and equipments will be made the most of in the true sense of museological developmnet of science museums as regional centers.

Investigation on carbonic anhydrase for carbon dioxide sequestration and subsequent conversion to calcium carbonate

Im Gyu KIM,Dong Gyun KANG,Byung Hoon JO,Hyung Joon CHA 한국생물공학회 2011 한국생물공학회 학술대회 Vol.2011 No.4

A novel approach for PMR media having good thermal stability and excellent read / write performance : Hybrid media

Byung-Kyu Lee,Hoon-Sang Oh,Kyongmi Lee,Young-Hun Im 한국자기학회 2003 한국자기학회 학술연구발표회 논문개요집 Vol.13 No.2