정신분열병에 대한 리스페리돈의 효과 및 안정성

이민수,김용구,김영훈,연병길,오병훈,윤도준,윤진상,이철,정희연,강병조,김광수,김동언,김명정,김상훈,김희철,나철,노승호,민경준,박기창,박두병,백기청,백인호,손봉기,손진욱,양병환,양창국,우행원,이정호,이종범,이홍식,임기영,전태연,정영조,정영철,정인과,정인원,지익성,채정호,한상익,한선호,한진희,서광윤 大韓神經精神醫學會 1998 신경정신의학 Vol.37 No.1

연구목적 : 본 시험의 목적은 임상시험 시작전에 연구자들을 대상으로 PANSS Workshop을 통하여 PANSS, ESRS에 대한 국내에서의 표준화 작업을 구축하고 새로운 정신병 치료제인 리스페리돈의 효과와 안정성을 재확인하여 리스페리돈 사용에 대한 적정화를 이루는데 있다. 연구방법 : 1996년 4월부터 1996년 9월까지 국내 39개 대학병원 정신과에 입원중인 혹은 증상이 악화되어 입원하는 정신분열병 환자 377명을 대상으로 다시설 개방 연구를 시행하였다. 1주일간의 약물 배설기간을 가진후, 리스페리돈을 8주간 투여하였고, 기준점, 1주, 2주, 4주, 그리고 8주후에 평가되었다. 용량은 제1일에는 리스페리돈 1mg씩 1일 2회, 제2일에는 2mg씩 1일 2회, 제3∼7일에는 3mg씩 1일 2회 투여하였다. 이후 환자의 임상상태에 따라 임의로 증량할 수 있으며, 최대 일일 16mg을 초과하지 않도록 하였다. 추체외로 증상을 조절하기 위한 투약을 허용하였다. 임상증상 및 부작용의 평가는 PANSS(Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale), CGI(Clinical Global Impression) 그리고 ESRS(Extrapyramidal Symptom Rating Scale)을 사용하였다. 연구결과 : 377명중 343명(91%)이 8주간의 연구를 완결하였다. 치료 종결시점인 8주후 PANSS 총점수가 20% 이상 호전된 경우를 약물 반응군으로 정의할때, 약물반응군은 81.3%였다. 리스페리돈에 반응하는 예측인자로는 발병연령, 이전의 입원 횟수, 유병기간이 관련 있었다. 리스페리돈은 1주후부터 PANSS양성, 음성, 및 일반정신병리 점수상에 유의한 호전을 보여 효과가 빨랐다. CGI의 경우도 기준점에 비해 1주후부터 유의한 감소를 나타내었다. ESRS의 경우, 파킨슨 평가점수는 기준점과 비교해 투여 1주, 2주, 4주후 유의하게 증가되었다가 8주후 기준점과 차이가 없었다. Dystonia 평가점수는 1주후만 유의한 증가를 보였으며, dyskinesia 평가점수는 유의한 차이가 없었다. 혈압, 맥박수의 생명징후 및 일반 혈액학 검사, 생화학적 검사, 심전도 검사에서 유의한 변화는 없었다. 결 론 : 이상의 다시설 개방 임상 연구를 통해 리스페리돈은 정신분열병 환자에서 양성증상뿐만 아니라 음성증상 및 전반적인 증상에도 효과적인 것으로 사료된다. 보다 명확한 평가를 위해서는 다른 항정신병약물과의 이중맹검 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각되며, 또한 장기적 치료에 대한 평가도 함께 이루어져야 하겠다. Objective : The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of risperidone in the treatment of Korean schizophrenic patients. Method : This multicenter open study included 377 schizophrenic patients drawn from 39 university hospitals. After a wash-out period of 1 week, the schizophrenic patients were treated with risperidone for 8 weeks and evaluated at 5 points ; at baseline, and 1, 2, 4 and 8 weeks of treatment. The dose was increased from 2mg/day(1mg twice daily) to 6mg/day(3mg twice daily) during the first week and adjusted to a maximum of 16mg/day over the next 7 weeks according to the patient's clinical response. Medication to control extrapyramidal symptoms was permitted. The psychiatric and neurological status of the patients was assessed by PANSS, CGI, and ESRS scales. Results : 343(91%) of 377 patients completed the 8-week trial period. Clinical improvement, as defined by a 20% or more reduction in total PANSS score at end point, was shown by 81.3% of patients. The predictors of response to risperidone were associated older age, shorter duration of illness, fewer previous hospitalization. Risperidone had rapid onset of action ; a significant decrease of the total PANSS and three PANSS factor(positive, negative, general), and CGI was already noticed at the end of first week. For the ESRS, parkinsonism rating scores were significantly increased until week 4 comparing with baseline. Dystonia rating scores were significantly increased until week 1, and dyskinesia rating scores were not significantly changed during the study. Laboratory parameters including vital sign, EKG, hematological, and biochemical values showed no significant changes during the trial. Conclusions : This study suggests that risperidone is generally safe and effective against both the positive and negative symptoms in our group of patients.

有機 廢棄物의 速成 堆肥化에 관한 硏究

鄭鳳守,黃光性 진주산업대학교 농업기술연구소 1993 農業技術硏究所報 Vol.6 No.-

볏짚, 왕겨, 生活쓰레기 등을 混合한 好機性으로 速成 堆肥化하는 過程에서 堆肥의 溫度, 有機成分의 變化와 腐熟度를 調査한 結果는 다음과 같다. 1. 通氣와 뒤집기없이 12週동안 野積한 堆肥의 成分含量은 通氣와 뒤집기로 5週동안 堆肥化한 成分含量 또는 뒤집기만으로 7週동안 堆肥化한 成分含量과 近似的으로 一致하였다. 따라서 通氣와 뒤집기를 할 경우 堆肥製造期間을 短縮하여 腐熟度 높은 堆肥를 製造할 수 있다. 2. 通氣와 뒤집기로 3週 또는 뒤집기만으로 12週동안 堆肥化한 窒素含量은 各各 2.07, 2.10 C/N比는 各各 14.0, 14.9로서 堆肥腐熟度 判定에서 滿足할 만한 堆肥라고 飼料된다. The experiment was carried out to investigate the temperature of compost, a variation of orgnic ingredient, a ripe level of decomposition in the process of rapidity completiom composting which was mixed with rice straw, rice hull, rife refuce etc. through aerobic The results of experiment are as follows : 1. The ingredient content of the outdoor compost under the process of composting for 12 weeks without ventilation or turning was approximately the same as that of the composts which has been under the process of composting for 5 weeks with ventilation and turning or for 7 weeks only with turning. Accordingly, we can conclude that ventilation and turning shortens the period of composting, and that they contribute to improving the quality of compost. 2. The nitrogen content of the compost under the process of composting for 8 weeks with ventilation and turning increased to 2.07, but its C/N ratio decreased to 14.0. The nitrogen content of the compost uneder the process of composting for 12 weeks only with turning increased to 2.1, but its C/N ratio decreased to 14.9 so those were considered to be satisfactory composts according to the criterion for judging the quality of compost.

廢棄物의 好氣性 堆肥化에 관한 硏究

鄭鳳守,黃光性 진주산업대학교 2000 산업과학기술연구소보 Vol.- No.7

This paper has compared experimenta1 values with the theoretical values of composting model to examine the possibility of putting the theoretical calues to actual use in the aerobic composting of the sewage sludge and hog manure. The results of the experiments are as follows : 1. In the ranges of 54∼60 % of moisture content of initial material, 7.3∼7.6 of pH, 27.3∼29.7 of C/N ratio and 0.35~0.37 gr / ㎤ of bulk weight, the experimental values of the periodical changes of moisture content, fermantation temperature and organic matter were approximately identical with the theoretical values of those. So those ranges were considered to be the optimum ranges. And it can be concluded that it is possible to plan an aerobic composting accdording to the theoretical formula. 2. When the ventilation volume was larger than 0.22 ㎥/hr·㎏, the evaporation loss of moisture content was great. When the ventilation volume was 0.0028 ㎥/hr·㎏, the anaerobic condition appeared. Thus we can judge the optimum range of venti1ation volume to be 0.02 - 0.06 ㎥/hr·㎏. 3. The CO^2 generation showed its maximum point of 0.85 mmole/day. g (VM) per organic matter between the temperature range of 58~66℃.

가솔린기관의 운전조건에 따른 배출가스 특성에 관한 硏究

黃光性,鄭鳳守,金泰圭 진주산업대학교 2000 산업과학기술연구소보 Vol.- No.7

The amount of carbon of dioxide, carbon hydroxide and nitrogen oxides produced from gasoline engine were detected by adjusting throttle valve and engine speed and increasing intaking temperature for combustion, and the results were as follows 1. The amount of CO produced decreased by intaking temperature of air increase where as it increased by increasing engine speed and closing the throttle valve. 2. The amount of HC produced decreased by increasing the intaking air, enlarging the throttle and by increasing the engine speed, but it increased carbon hydroxides more than 2400rpm at 120℃ 3. The amount of NOx produced maximized when throttle open 120˚ and speed reached 2200rpm and increased it by increasing temperature of outer air.

飮食物쓰레기의 效率的 管理를 위한 物理的 特性 및 處理

권효정,정영헌,김임경,심언봉,오광중 부산대학교 환경문제연구소 2003 環境硏究報 Vol.21 No.-

This study was conducted to manage food wastes in Korea efficiently. We carried out an experiments on food wastes generated from Yeonjae gu, Pusan as a representative boundary according to the measurement of apparent density, generation quantity, physical characteristics, proximate analysis, and elemental analysis as well as drying and carbonizing, and also tested the hazardous materials in fertilizer and compost from public and private recycling center in operation. The purposes of this study are to investigate current status of food wastes recycling methods and facilities, to examine the fuelization of food wastes, and to suggest the cost effective food wastes treatment plans. Based on the results of the analysis of apparent density and water content in food wastes, it was revealed that the apparent density of food wastes was in inverse proportion to the water content. The water content of food wastes was highly influenced by the fruit and vegetables such as watermelons. These results indicate that the food wastes with about 75 ~80wt% initial moisture content should be reduced under 70wt% moisture content by drying process pier to throwing away. Comparing the heating values of the food wastes which were calculated by Dulong's equation and Steuer's equation it was revealed that Steuer's equation(HHV 5,186 kcal/kg, LHV 880 kcal/kg) was more compatible than Dulong's equation(HHV 4,676 kcal/kg, LHV 330 kcal/kg) because the results of proximate analysis for the food wastes were very similar to those of sewage sludges. Additionally, to reduce water contents of food wastes under 60wt% as acceptable water contents for fuelization, it was also found that blending with 25wt% chars made from food wastes was more efficient than the drying of food wastes itself at 105°C, 45minutes in view of completion time. Furthermore, these chars generated from food wastes (about LHV 6,608 kcal/kg) comparable to commercial charcoal(LHV 7,134 kcal/kg) generated from oak trees and lower ash contents(under 15wt% of chars) than those.

줄넘기 운동이 고등학교 비만 남학생의 건강체력 및 비만 스트레스 해소에 미치는 영향

권봉안,장희수,정순광 한국스포츠리서치 2003 한국 스포츠 리서치 Vol.14 No.6

This study is to understand the effect of rope jumping on health related physical strength and obesity stress of high school obese students. The subject of this study was 40 1st and 2nd grade obese male students attending at P high school located in Goyang-City, Kyunggi-province as of the 1st semester, 2003 school year. As the study instrument, a questionnaire of physical strength items and obesity stress was used. To analyze the effect of rope jumping on health related physical strength, physical strength items were adopted, and to analyze the effect of rope jumping on the relief of obesity stress, the questionnaire was used. The questionnaire was asked to answer questions by Self-administration method to 20 subjects of the experiment group participating at rope jumping. As the questionnaire, health related pre-physical strength test was performed along with the 1st survey and the 2nd survey was carried after exercise, then health related physical strength test was carried out. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS/Windows 10.0 statistical program, and average and standard deviation by the sub-factor of each factor was calculated and to understand differences using groups and periods, 2x3 2-way variance analysis(ANOVA) by repeated measurement was carried out. In case interaction of two factors, that is, character and school year, post-verification using Duncan's multiple range test was made, when significance level will be set at α=.05. Based on the above research procedure and data analysis, following conclusion is as follow. 1) In the change of health physical strength by exercise participation of high school obese male students, there was no significant difference, but muscular endurance and body fat were different. 2) In the change of health physical strength by exercise participation of high school obese male students, there was no significant difference before and after exercise, but difference after exercise. 3) In the individual difference by rope jumping participation of high school obese male students, there was no significant difference in school year and character, but difference in obesity. 4) In the exercise programs by rope jumping participation of high school obese male students, there was no significant difference in school year and character, but difference in obesity.

소각로 배출원별 입경분포 및 이온성분과 방지시설효능에 관한 연구

조상원,정종현,김봉기,오광중 부산대학교 환경문제연구소 1995 環境硏究報 Vol.13 No.-

This study was to comprehend the effect by investigating the particulate size and ingredient, examining the each process size distribution and analyzing all kinds of the ions in incinerator. Incinerating the wood in the absence of control devices, the peaks appeared in coarse particle and it had trimodal distribution. Also in the presence of control devices, the best efficiency appeared in fine particel. Cl?? and SO₄², were mostly distributed in fine particle area and in coarse particle area respectively. In the case of synthetic resin incineration, the size distribution had the peak at both 0.865㎛ and 4.2㎛. In the presence of control devices, peak appeared at 5.95㎛ and the collection efficiencies of Cl??, SO₄², Ca², Na??, K?? were high. Incinerating the leather without control devices, the size distribution had the peak at both 2.58㎛ and 5.95㎛. The leather incineraton had the same collection efficiency as sythetic resin incineration. The coarse particle collection efficiency was high. It is adquate to use the above control devices, together with high efficiency collector like bagfilter. To select the adequate control devices, it is required to investigate the size distribution before establishing control devices.

요트 참여자의 훈련특성과 스포츠 상해와의 관계

남궁완,권봉안,정순광 한국안전교육학회 2001 한국안전교육학회지 Vol.4 No.2

The purpose of this article is to explore the relation of the yacht sports participants, coaching style, and training characteristics and sports injury. This study randomly sampled total 120 club members and yacht athletes enjoying yacht in Kyunggido in Region by 40 athletes respectively. The instrument of this research used the questionnaire on the exchange prepared by Kim, Eun-hee. Collected data was analyzed using the SPSS/PC Window 10.0 statistical program. First average and standard deviation was analyzed and then verified through unilateral variable analysis and Tukey-HSD. Detailed items were analyzed using Ci-verification considering repeated responses. The research conclusion obtained by the above procedures and data analysis is as follows. 1) There is difference in joint(.002) and nervous sensory organ(.003) by sex in the kinds and relation of sports injury according to background variable, but no difference in the rest of items. 2) There is difference in joint(.044) by age in the kinds and relation of sports injury according to background variable, but no difference in the rest of items. 3) There is difference in skin injury(.003) and muscle and tendon(.046) by sports level in the kinds and relation of sports injury according to background variable, but no difference in the rest of items. 4) There is difference in upper limbs(.008) and lower limbs(.003, .023) by age in the kinds and relation of sports injury according to background variable, but no difference in the rest of items. 5) There is difference in upper limbs(.041) by age in the kinds and relation of sports injury according to background variable, but no difference in the rest of items. 6) There is difference in head(.024) and upper limbs(.046) by sports level in the kinds and relation of sports injury according to background variable, but no difference in the rest of items. 7) There is difference in head(.025), upper and lower limbs(.067,.047) by sports strength in the sports strength and sports injury parts according to training characteristics, but no difference in the rest of items. 8) There is difference in head(.010), upper and lower limbs(.010,.031) by sports frequency in the sports frequency and sports injury parts according to training characteristics, but no difference in the rest of items. 9) There is no difference in injury in competition and practice season in the relation with sports injury according to the training time of yacht sports participants. 10) There is difference in head(.012,.028), upper limbs(.083) by coaching style, in the sports injury parts according to training characteristics, but no difference in the rest of items.

일반 경비지도사의 교육훈련체계와 만족도와의 관계

최중철,권봉안,정순광 한국안전교육학회 2001 한국안전교육학회지 Vol.4 No.2

The purpose of this article was to identify the training participants through the training status for security guard instructors. This study set 350 security guard instructors taking the basic training for security guard instructors located in Seoul as a population, and selected the sample using a cluster random sampling, the probability sampling method with the same probability including the individual factors if population. The survey instrument of this study was a questionnaire, which was prepared using the survey questionnaire regarding the Korea Civil Security Guard Training Commands presented by Kang, Gil-hoon(1998). The questionnaire was composed of 3 items on demographical characteristics, 30 items on training system, and 10 items on training satisfaction, and reliability between the total questionnaire items, Cronbach α was high as .90. Collected data was analyzed using the SPSS/PC Windows 10.0 statistical program. At first, in demographical characteristics, its satisfaction was examined through frequency analysis and average and standard deviation of remaining factors through mono-variable analysis and LSD, and correlation in the training program, program, assessment and method was analyzed, Based on the above research procedures and data analysis, following conclusion was obtained The training satisfaction according to demographical characteristics differed by age(.001), service term(.001) and study level(.001). The security guard instructors' satisfaction to curricula differed by age(.001), service term(.001) but did not differ by study level(.160). The security guard instructors' satisfaction to training programs by age(.001), but did not differ by service term(071), study level(.109). The security guard instructors' satisfaction to training assessment differed by age(.001), service term(.001) and study level(.001). The security guard instructors' satisfaction to training method differed by age(.001), service term(.001) and study level(.001).

L-N-Benzylaspartic acid의 선택적 에스테르화 반응

이채호,김일광,박승화,이영행,정봉영 圓光大學校 基礎自然科學硏究所 1987 基礎科學硏究誌 Vol.6 No.1

Selective esterification and synthesis of L-N-benzylaspartic acid from L-aspartic acid are described. L-Aspartic acid was transformed into dibenzyl L-asparate p-toluenesulfonate, which was treated with sodium bicarbonate to afford dibenazyl L-asparate. Formation of Schiff base of dibenayl ester with benzaldehyde and subsequent hydrogenation-dehydrogenation of the Schiff base produced L-N-benaylaspartic acid. L-N-Benaylaspartic adcid was transformed into L-N-benzylaspartic anhydride hydrogen bromide, which was treated with methyl alcohol and benzyl alcohol to afford a-methyl and a-benzyl L-N-benzylaspartate and L-N-benaylaspartic acid was transformed into L-N-benaylaspartic acid copper(Ⅱ) salt, which was treated with N,N,N,N-tetramethylguanidine and benzyl bromide to afford β-benzylaspartate