주의력결핍 과잉행동장애 아동의 지적수준에 따른 정신병리와 실행기능의 차이

천은진,서완석,이종범,김진성,구본훈,송창진,성형모,배준용,배대석 大韓神經精神醫學會 2005 신경정신의학 Vol.44 No.4

To investigate psychopathoIogy and executive functions of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) children according to intelligence level, this study included 197 ADHD children who visited the outpatient department of neuropsychiatry of YeungNam University Medical Center, from July 2000 to June 2002. The children were divided into groups based on their intelligence levels. They were compared by the Personality Inventory for Children (PIC), Conncers' Continuous Performence Test (CPT), and Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST). There were significant differences in PIC, on the subscales of verbal development, socialization and autism. In the CPT, there was no significant difference. In the WCST, there were significant differences in the total number of errors, the number of perseverative errors, the number of completed categories and the number of trials needed to complete the first category. Considering these results, the intelligence level of ADHD children is related to their disabilities and behavioral symptoms.Executive functions such as abstract thinking, categorization, working memory and flexibility had significant relationship to the intelligence levels of ADHD children. Therefore, the intelligence level of children with ADHD influences the higher executive functions of regulating attention and information processing rather than attentional functions and capacity alone.

경막 내 colistimethate 투여로 치료한 다제 내성 cinetobacter baumannii 뇌실염

홍유아,유진홍,김진진,모은영,안건희,정희경,김진석,이현정,정미향,윤승배 대한감염학회 2009 감염과 화학요법 Vol.41 No.4

Acinetobacter species is a non-fermentative aerobic gram-negative coccobacillus that is an important pathogen found in nosocomial infections. Recently, multi-drug resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (MDR-AB) infections have been increasing and pose a serious problem. Most such infections present as bacteremia, pneumonia, or a wound infection; however, CNS infections are very rare. We herein present a case of ventriculitis caused by MDR-AB in a 37-year old man after a neurosurgical intervention. The patient was successfully treated with intrathecal colistimethate.

Linear Stepping Motor의 驅動方式에 대한 特性考察

裵晋鎬,李相鎬,李相錫 嶺南大學校 工業技術硏究所 1988 연구보고 Vol.16 No.1

This paper has shown that it is possible to improve the dynamic characteristics and position accuracy in Linear stepping Motor by the exciting methodes. The experimental results of 1-2øexciting circuit are as follows: 1) Comparing with 2ø exciting circuit maximum starting pulse rate, maximum slewing pulse rate, and dynamic thrust were respectively increased 30%, 15% and 5%. 2) Comparing with 2ø exciting circuit improved position Accuracy.

C 의과대학에서 문제강의에 대한 학생들의 직접평가가 강의개선에 미친 영향

김석용, 이상진, 최재운, 김승렬, 김용대, 배성은, 김영규 충북대학교 의과대학 충북대학교 의학연구소 2012 忠北醫大學術誌 Vol.22 No.1

연구목적: 팀티칭에 근거한 통합강의는 최근 대부분의 의과대학에서 시행되는 강의형태이다. 그러나 기 존에 사용되고 있는 온라인 강의평가 방식은 이러한 강의 특성에서 나타나는 문제점을 파악하기 힘든 점이 있다. 본 대학에서는 팀티칭에 의한 통합강의에서 문제강의를 직접적으로 파악하는 ‘문제강의 직 접평가지’를 개발하였다. 본 연구의 목적은 새로이 개발된 문제강의 직접평가지가 강의개선에 끼친 영 향력을 알아보고자 하는 것이었다. 연구방법: 2007년 2학기부터 2009년 2학기까지 충북대학교 의과대학 1, 2학년을 대상으로 문제강의 직접평가지에 의한 강의평가를 실시하였다. 평가지 질문 중에서 두 가지 객관식 질문에 대한 답변을 분 석대상으로 선택하였다. 질문은 첫째, ‘가장 유익하고 도움이 많이 되었던 강의들은 무엇입니까?’와 둘 째, ‘가장 어렵거나 이해하기 힘들었던 강의들은 무엇입니까?’였다. 강의평가를 실시한 강좌들 중에서 2 년 이상 연속적으로 강좌구조와 평가지의 객관식 질문 형식이 변하지 않은 14개의 강좌를 분석대상으로 하였다. 각각 연도의 평균 긍정비율을 다른 연도의 것과 카이제곱 검정 방법을 사용하여 비교하였다. 결과: 14개의 강좌 중에서 시작연도와 마침 연도 간에 긍정비율이 증가된 경우는 13개 강좌였다. 그 러나 통계적으로 의미가 있는 경우는 5개 강좌에서 나타났다. 결론: 문제강의 직접평가지에 의한 문제강의를 판별해 내는 방법은 단기간에 통합강좌의 개선에 효과 적이다.

백서에서 Lidocaine에 의해 유발된 전신 경련에 대한 Baclofen의 효과

배진호,윤석화,최세진 충남대학교 의과대학 지역사회의학연구소 1994 충남의대잡지 Vol.21 No.1

In the rats, we compared with the onset time and convulsed number on the generalized tonic convulsion between the control group that was administrated only lidocaine and the experimental group that was premedicated with baclofen, specific GABA_8 receptor agonist, prior to lidocaine injection. The results were as follows: 1. In the control groups, according to increasing lidocaine dose, it was shortened the onset time and increased the convulsed number on the generalized tonic clonic convulsion induced by intraperitoneal lidocaine. 2. In the experimental groups, according to increasing of baclofen dose, it was delayed the onset time and decreased the convulsed number on the generalized tonic clonic convulsion induced by intraperitoneal lidocaine. These results support the facts that baclofen, specific GABA_B receptor agonist, has an anticonvulsant effect on the generalized tonic clonic convulsion induced by local anesthetics.

C6 glia 세포에서 유도성 Nitric Oxide Synthase 유전자 발현조절에 관한 연구

배진영,허강민,배소현,박지선,이충재,이재흔,석정호 충남대학교 의과대학 의학연구소 2003 충남의대잡지 Vol.30 No.1

To investigate transcriptional regulation of iNOS gene by LPS and cytokines, the production of NO, expression of iNOS mRNA and protein, binding activity of nuclear factor-kappa B(NF-kB), and promoter activity of iNOS gene were examined in rat C6 glial cells. LPS, interferon-gamma(IFN-γ), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) stimulated the production of NO, which was increased synergistically by co-treatment. By the treatment of LPS, iNOS mRNA expression was initiated at 1 h, markedly increased by 3 h, and decreased gradually afterward. iNOS mRNA expression was markedly enhanced by mixture of LPS, IFN-γ and TNF-α. iNOS protein synthesis was increased by the treatment of mixture LPS and cytokine mixture. Treatment of LPS stimulated NF-kB activation, and the activation reached to the maximum level at 30 min, and the treatment of mixture of LPS and cytokines increased the activation. To determine the effect of NF-kB binding activity on iNOS promoter activation, CAT assay was performed. iNOS promoter activity was increased by the treatment with LPS for 5.5 h, and further increased by the combined treatment with LPS and cytokines. These results suggest that NF-kB activation by LPS and cytokines may play a significant role in the induction of the iNOS gene.

후두와 병변 수술의 발생한 경막하 긴장성 기두증

목진호,김한식,이규춘,박용석,이영배 東國大學校醫學硏究所 1999 東國醫學 Vol.6 No.-

긴장성 기두증은 신경외과영역에서 개두수술 후에 발생할 수 있는 드문 합병증으로 특히 만성 뇌경막하 혈종 제거수술이나 좌위에서 후두와 수술을 시행한 경우에 발생할 수 있다. 따라서 개두수술 후에 신경학적 증상의 악화가 있거나 수술 후 예상경과를 취하지 않는 경우에는 긴장성 기두증의 발생 가증성을 항상 고려하여야 한다. 긴장성 기두증의 발생기전은 물병을 거꾸로 세운 것과 같은 기전(Inverted pop-bottle mechanism)으로 뇌척수액이 누수된 만큼 공기방울이 경막하강으로 올라가 빈 공간을 메우는 것이다. 이와 같은 기전으로 두개강내로 들어간 공기가 일정한 압력을 가지게 되어 주변 뇌조직을 압박하여 신경학적 장애를 초래하게 된다. 뇌전산화 단층촬영을 이용하여 쉽게 진단이 가능하며 치료는 두개골 천공을 시행하여 두개강내 공기를 배기시켜 줌으로서 가능하다. 저자들은 복와위에서 후두와 병변 수술 후에 발생한 긴장성 기두증을 뇌전산화 단층촬영을 이용하여 진단하고 전두골을 천공하여 두개강내 공기를 배기시켜 치험하였기에 문헌고찰과 함께 증례를 보고하는 바이다. 중심단어:긴장성 기두증, 후두와 수술, 경막하강, 복와위 Tension pneumocephalus is a rare complication in neurosurgical operation and should be considered whenever a patient fails to recover as expected following surgery. The possible mechanism for the entry of air into the subdural space is analogous to the entry of air into an inverted soda-pop bottle. As the fluid pours out. air bubbles reach the top of the container, Computed tomography permitted rapid diagnosis including localization of the air, thus facilitating prompt treatment. Peaking of frontal lobe. mountain appearance of frontal lobe. and air densities at the cisterns are characteristic findings of' tension pneumocephalus on brain CT scan. This condition is easily diagnosed and treated using twist-drill aspiration. The authors describe a case of subdural tension pneumocephalus complicating the early postoperative course after posterior fossa surgery in the prone position.

Human Chorionic Gonadotropin(HCG)에 의한 넙치, Paralichthys olivaceus의 배정효과

손진기,최희정,이영돈,김형배,박인석 濟州大學校海洋硏究所 1992 해양과환경연구소 연구논문집 Vol.16 No.-

넙치(Paralichthys olivaceus)에서 호르몬 처리에 의한 효과적인 인공산란 연구의 일환으로 human chorionic gonadotropin(HCG)에 의한 성숙 넙치에서의 spermatocrit법에 의한 배정(spermiation)효과를 연구하였다. 안정된 spermatocrit치를 위한 정액의 분획조건은 12,000rpm, 30분간의 원심분리가 적절하였으며 spermatocrit(Y)는 정자밀도(X)와는 Y=1.14X-10.04(r=0.91, P<0.0001, n=50)의 관계식을 나타내었다. 정자밀도는 21.5∼98.4×10??정자/㎕정액으로 12∼95%의 spermatocrit치에 해당하였다. 성숙넙치의 정액생산은 1,000IUHCG/㎏BW의 주사시 24시간후에 가장 높았고(7.46㎖/㎏BW), 낮은spermatocrit치(63%)와 낮은 정자밀도(67.4×10??정자/㎕정액)수준과 일치하여 정액점도는 매우 낮게 나타났다. 이와같은 낮은 정액점도는 HEG처리에 의한 정소의 수화(hydration)에 기인된 것으로 여타 lobular형 정소에서의 호르몬 처리시 결과와 일치하였다. 48시간후의 HCG처리군과 대조군간의 정액생산, spermatocrit치 및 정자밀도에서는 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았다. 본 연구결과 성숙넙치의 배정은 spermatocrit법에 의해 명확히 판별될 수 있으며 HCG는 본 종에서 배정을 효과적으로 촉진시킬 수 있음이 나타났다. For the evaluation of hormonal control of sperm in cultured fish a method to quantify the spermiation response of mature flatfish to hormonal therapy is described. Spermatocrit was determined after 30 min. in centrifuge condition of 12,000rpm. Sperm density was estimated by a standard hemacytometer method. However, sperm density can be predicted from spermatocrit since their relationship is linear as described by the regression equation, Y=1.14X-0.04(r=0.91, P<0.0001, n=50), where Y is spermatocrit and X is sperm density. Sperm density levels ranged from 21.5 to 98.4×10?? spermatozoa per ㎕ milt corresponding to spermatocrit values of 12 to 95%. Milt production by mature flatfish was highest(7.4ml per ㎏ body weight) at 24h after injection of 1,000IU of human chorionic gonadotropin(HCG) per ㎏ body weight and coincided with low spermatocrit(63%) and sperm density(67.4×10?? spermatozoa per ㎕ milt) levels. No significant differences was appeared in milt production, spermatocrit and sperm density between control and HCG-treated fish at 48h after HCG injection. These results demonstrate that spermiation in mature flatfish can be reliably evaluated by a spermatocrit method and that HCG is effctive in stimulating of spermiation in this species.

구강 편평세포암종에서 E-cadherin 및 β-catenin 발현의 변화 : Correlation with Histologic Features and p53 Expression

서진건,권창석,박진배,윤혜경,김우형,이희철 인제대학교 백병원 2002 仁濟醫學 Vol.23 No.4

Objective : Altered expression of cell adheion molecules is associated with biologic behavior of tumor. The aim of this study is to evaluate the expression pattern of E-cadherin, β-catenin and p53 protein according to histologic grade and invasion pattern of squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity and the relationship between E-cadherin, β-catenin and p53 protein expression. Methods and Material : The materials were fifty seven cses of squamous cell carcinoma, and clinicl parameers such as age, sex, tumor location, stage and recurrence were recorded. Histologic review was done based on histologic grade and invasion pattern(nodular vs infiltrative). Immunohistochemical stains for E-cadherin and β-ca tenin were interpreted based on staining pattern as los of membranous expression and cytoplasmic expression and p53 protein expression was defined as positive if more than 10% of nuclei were reactive. Statistical analysis between E-cadherin, β-catenin and p53 protein expressions and histologic grade and invasion pattern and the relationship between E-cdherin, β-catenin and p53 protein expressions were perfomed. Results : There wa positive correlation between higher histologic grade and infiltrative pattern. Loss of membranous expression and cytoplasmic expression of E-cadherin were noted in 33.3% and 57.9%, respectively, and loss of membranous expression of E-cadherin showed increaing tendency in poorly differentiated carcinomas, however, there was no significant difference of cytoplasmic expression rate of E-cadherin according to histoogic grade. Altered expression of E-cadherin was more frequent in poorly differentiated carcinomas. Loss of membranous expression and cytoplasmic expression of E-cadherin were more frequent in carinomas with infiltrative pattern than in carcinomas with nodular pattern, but their diferences were not significant, Loss of membranous expression and cytoplasmic expression of β-catenin were observed in 19.3% and 80.7%, respectively. Loss of membranous expression of β-catenin howed no positive correlation according to histologic grade and invasion pattern, but cytoplasmic expression rate of β-catenin was higher in poorly differentiated carcinomas and in carcinomas with infiltrative pettern. p53 protein expression rate was 45.6%, and showed invreasing tendency in poorly differentiated carcinomas, but no significant relationship with invasion pattern. There was an inverse relationship of loss of membranous expression and cytoplasmic expression of E-cadherin and β-catenin. Altered expression of E-cadherin was related to cytoplasmic expression of β-catenin, however, there were no significant relationship between altered expressions of E-cadherin and β-catenin and p53 protein expression. Conclusion : In squamous cell carcinomas of the oral cavity, altered expression of E-cadherin and β-catenin was more frequent in poorly differentiated carcinomas and in carcinomas with infiltrative pattern and there was positive correlation betwween altered expression of E-cadherin and β-catenin. These findings suggest that altered expressions of E-cadherin and β-catenin may have a role in the development of squamous cell carcinomas with aggressive biologic behavior. but altered explosions of E-cadherin and β-catenin. These findings suggest that altered expressions of E-cdherin and β-catenin my have a role in the development of squmaous cell carcinomas with aggressive biologic behavior. But altered expression of E-cadherin and β-catenin might not be related to p53 protein expression. Further study on genetic mutation related to altered expression of E-cadherin and β-catenin will be needed

적응제어계의 응답특성 및 강인성 향상에 관한 연구

최재석,최진배,이순영 慶尙大學校 工科大學 自動化및컴퓨터應用技術硏究所 1994 自動化 및 컴퓨터應用技術 Vol.1 No.1

This paper proposes a new adaptive algorithm to improve the robustness and performance of the adaptive control systems. This adaptive algorithm counteracts the effects of disturbances and makes the time derivative of Lyapunov function non-positive, V≤0. As a result, the output error approaches zero as t → ∞ not only in the presence of bounded disturbances, but ideal case. Computer simulation results are presented to show the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.