이종접합 Gate 구조를 갖는 수평형 NiO/Ga₂O₃ FET의 전기적 특성 연구

이건희 ( Geon-hee Lee ),문수영 ( Soo-young Moon ),이형진 ( Hyung-jin Lee ),신명철 ( Myeong-cheol Shin ),김예진 ( Ye-jin Kim ),전가연 ( Ga-yeon Jeon ),오종민 ( Jong-min Oh ),신원호 ( Weon-ho Shin ),김민경 ( Min-kyung Kim ),박철환 ( 한국전기전자재료학회 2023 전기전자재료학회논문지 Vol.36 No.4

Gallium Oxide (Ga₂O₃) is preferred as a material for next generation power semiconductors. The Ga₂O₃ should solve the disadvantages of low thermal resistance characteristics and difficulty in forming an inversion layer through p-type ion implantation. However, Ga₂O₃ is difficult to inject p-type ions, so it is being studied in a heterojunction structure using p-type oxides, such as NiO, SnO, and Cu₂O. Research the lateral-type FET structure of NiO/Ga₂O₃ heterojunction under the Gate contact using the Sentaurus TCAD simulation. At this time, the VG-ID and VD-ID curves were identified by the thickness of the Epi-region (channel) and the doping concentration of NiO of 1 × 10¹⁷ to 1 × 10¹⁹ cm^-3. The increase in Epi region thickness has a lower threshold voltage from -4.4 V to -9.3 V at I_D = 1 × 10^-8 mA/mm, as current does not flow only when the depletion of the PN junction extends to the Epi/Sub interface. As an increase of NiO doping concentration, increases the depletion area in Ga₂O₃ region and a high electric field distribution on PN junction, and thus the breakdown voltage increases from 512 V to 636 V at I_D =1 × 10^-3 A/mm.

Raping Translation in Translating Rape: A Case Study of The Bluest Eye

( Kim¸ Ga-hee ) 동국대학교 영어권문화연구소 2015 영어권문화연구 Vol.8 No.2

What this paper deals with is that how it would be then if a male translator happens to deal with rape of women in a woman writer's text that is written from a feminist perspective and if he would possibly, consciously or not, distort the feminist rape narrative in various ways because of his male identity. These research questions are brought from Chen's research, and this paper substantiates them by the analysis and comparison of the Korean translated texts. The recent studies in translation studies, including feminist translation theory, indicate male translators are influenced by gender awareness. Therefore this paper studying the translated texts of two male translators in terms of translating ‘rape’ and ‘incest’ in The Bluest Eye is considered worthwhile. The Bluest Eye written by Tony Morrison and its two different male translators' Korean versions are subject to the comparative analysis of this study.

Identification of Ellagitannins in Black Raspberry Seeds and Optimization of Accelerated Solvent Extraction of Ellagitannins Using Artificial Neural Network Coupled with Genetic Algorithm

Ga Eun Lee,Ryun Hee Kim,Taehwan Lim,Jaecheol Kim,Suna Kim,Keum Taek Hwang 한국식품영양과학회 2021 한국식품영양과학회 학술대회발표집 Vol.2021 No.10

This study aimed to identify ellagitannins in black raspberry (Rubus occidentalis) seeds (BS) and to optimize accelerated solvent extraction of ellagitannins using artificial neural network (ANN) coupled with genetic algorithm (GA). Ellagitannins were fractionated using Amberlite XAD-16N and Sephadex LH-20 resins. The ellagitannin fraction was qualitatively analyzed by HPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS. BS had mainly monomeric and dimeric ellagitannins such as pedunculagin, castalagin, acutissimin A, sanguiin H-10, casuarictin, sanguiin H-2, sanguiin H-6, and sanguiin H-6 without a gallic moiety. For ANN modeling, extraction time (3-9 min), extraction temperature (40-70°C), and solvent concentration (50-100% acetone) were set as independent input variables, and total ellagitannin content was set as output variable. The ANN of this study had an input layer with three neurons, a hidden layer with ten neurons, and an output layer with one neuron. The optimal extraction conditions of the total ellagitannin content were predicted by the trained ANN coupled with GA. This study is the first attempt to analyze ellagitannin content in BS.

효율적인 군 전직지원체제 정립 방안

정철영,고재관,황원채,윤희철,박가열,김재호,이성식,김동승,표성일,이건남,양안나,최수정,김은석 한국직업능력개발원 2008 직업능력개발연구 Vol.11 No.1

이 연구의 목적은 제대군인에 대한 효율적인 전직지원을 위해서 현행 전직지원 프로세스에 대한 개선 안과 이에 따른 국방부, 국가보훈처 등 제대군인 전직지원관련 기관 간의 역할분담 및 연계방안에 대해서 제안하는 것이다. 연구는 크게 세 가지 과정을 거쳤다. 첫째, 국내 군 전직지원 실태를 분석하여 문제점과 시사점을 도출하였다. 둘째, 이러한 문제점과 시사점, 군 전직지원 선행연구를 종합하여 효율적인 군 전직지원 프로세스 안을 제시하였다. 셋째, 구축한 군 전직지원 프로세스 안에 따라 주요 군 전직지원 관련 기관인 국방부, 국가보훈처의 역할 분담 안을 제안하였다. This study aims to suggest an improvement plan for the support process of effective occupation change for discharged soldiers and then role assignments among related institutions for supporting discharged soldiers such as Ministry of Defense, Ministry of Patriots and Veterans Affairs, Ministry of Labor and the cooperation plan among the institutions. The study was made in three steps. First, after analyzing currents support facts and status for discharged soldiers, it induced its problems and implications. Second, integrating the findings of previous studies related to support plan on occupation changes for the discharged soldiers, Problems and implications mentioned above, it constructed effective occupation change process for discharged soldiers. Then, according to the established process, it suggested role assignments such as Ministry of Defense, Ministry of Patriots and Veterans Affairs, Ministry of Labor.

The Factors Affecting Sweet Taste Sensitivity and Preference of the Korean Middle-Aged Females

Kim Ga-Hee,Hwang Jung-Hyun,Song Kyung-Hee,Kim Mee-Jung,Lee Hong-Mie The Korean Society of Community Nutrition 2006 Journal of community nutrition Vol.8 No.2

Sensory factors are important determinants of appetite and food choices but little is known about factors affecting taste acuity and preference of Koreans. Any factors causing deficits in sweet taste perception may lead to over consumption of simple sugar, which is related to several chronic diseases. This study was conducted to determine factors affecting sweet taste sensitivity and preference. Subjects were 30 government employees who were serving as school dietitians or in the area of public health while they were studying in the program for the qualification to become nutrition teachers. Sweet taste threshold and the optimally-preferred sweetness of omija jelly were determined by a sensory evaluation and general characteristics, health-related lifestyles, dietary habits and food preferences were determined using a self-administered questionnaire. For the subjects of this study, detection threshold concentration of sucrose solution was $0.184{\pm}0.06%$ and optimally-preferred sucrose concentration of omija jelly was $13.88{\pm}2.28%$ and there was no significant correlation between the sweet taste sensitivity and preference. Subjects who had higher(${\ge}4$ out of 10) physical or psychological stress and who had late getting-up time (after 7am) tended to have lower sweet taste threshold (higher sensitivity) than their counterpart. The sweet taste preference determined by optimally-preferred sucrose concentration of omija jelly tended to be lower in the subjects who eat slowly. Those who answered in the questionnaire to prefer sweet foods did have significantly higher optimally-preferred sucrose concentration of omija jelly. Further research is required to determine whether decreased sensitivity and increased preference for sweetness can increase the actual intake of simple sugar. (J Community Nutrition 8(2): 107 -113, 2006)

Biocompatible, drug-loaded anti-adhesion barrier using visible-light curable furfuryl gelatin derivative

Kim, Eun-Hye,Kim, Jae-Won,Han, Ga-Dug,Noh, Seung-Hyun,Choi, Jae-Hee,Choi, ChangSun,Kim, Mi-Kyung,Nah, Jae-Woon,Kim, Tae-Yeon,Ito, Yoshihiro,Son, Tae-Il Elsevier 2018 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES Vol.120 No.1

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Recently, many of studies have been attempted to determine how to decrease adhesion. To effectively prevent adhesion, decrease in unnecessary surgical procedures, prevention of contact with other tissue, and drug treatment for inflammation are required. However, current anti-adhesion materials have disadvantages. To solve current problems, we prepared a biocompatible drug-loaded anti-adhesion barrier using a visible-light curable furfuryl gelatin derivative. We used riboflavin as a photo-initiator in the photo-curing process. The biocompatibility of riboflavin was estimated compared with that of Rose Bengal. In addition, the curing ratio was measured to determine whether riboflavin initiated photo-curing. We also evaluated the curing ratio of riboflavin according to the concentration of F-gelatin and the photo-irradiation time. A drug used to decrease inflammation that causes adhesion should not disappear from the surgical site and should also be released consistently. For this, we observed the release profiles of photo-immobilized ibuprofen with different concentrations of F-gelatin. Because an anti-adhesion barrier should protect from bacterial infection we evaluated the protective ability of a barrier formed by F-gelatin. In conclusion, a drug-loaded anti-adhesion barrier was prepared using a visible-light curable furfuryl gelatin derivative, with riboflavin as a photo-initiator. We expect that this drug-loaded anti-adhesion barrier effectively decrease adhesion formation.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Riboflavin showed the better photo-curable property and biocompatibility as photo-initiator than Rose Bengal. </LI> <LI> As concentration of furfuryl gelatin and photo-irradiation time increase, the photo-curing ratio increase. </LI> <LI> Release profile of photo-immobilized ibuprofen can be controlled by changing the concentration of furfuryl gelatin. </LI> <LI> Surgical site can be protected from bacterial infection by furfuryl gelatin barrier and adhesion also can be decreased. </LI> <LI> Drug-loaded anti-adhesion barrier can protect surgical site and prevent inflammation. </LI> </UL> </P>

Distribution of Phytoavailable Heavy Metals in the Korean Agricultural Soils Affected by the Abandoned Mining Sites and Soil Properties Influencing on the Phytoavailable Metal Pools

Ga-Hee Lim,Kye-Hoon Kim,Byoung-Hwan Seo,Kwon-Rae Kim 한국토양비료학회 2014 한국토양비료학회지 Vol.47 No.3

Absorption and accumulation of heavy metals in plants were determined by phytoavailable contents rather than total contents of heavy metals. Therefore, phytoavailability-based management protocol should be prepared for safe food crop production in contaminated agricultural lands. This study was conducted to understand the distribution and phytoavailability of heavy metal in the Korean agricultural soils affected by abandoned mining sites along with investigation of soil properties (soil pH, OM, DOC, clay content, Al/Fe/Mn content) influencing on the metal phytoavailability. For this, 142 agricultural soils located nearby 39 abandoned mining sites distributed in five province in Korea, were analyzed. Among the four different heavy metals, cadmium (Cd) and zinc (Zn) appeared to exist in more phytoavailable form than cupper (Cu) and lead (Pb). Soil pH was the main factor governing phytoavailable Cd, Pb, and Zn showing positive relationship with partitioning coefficients of the corresponding metals; Cd (r = 0.66, P < 0.001), Pb (r = 0.70, P < 0.001), and Zn (r = 0.62, P < 0.001). This implied higher phytoavailability of the corresponding metals with higher soil pH. In contrast, phytoavailability of Cu (r = 0.41, p < 0.01) was only negatively related with soil DOC (dissolved organic carbon).

Hydrothermal Liquefaction of Lignin to Bio-oil: Impact of Lignin Structure

Ga-hee KIM,Byung-hwan UM 한국생물공학회 2021 한국생물공학회 학술대회 Vol.2021 No.10

Currently, most of the lignin produced in the pulping process is used almost as internal fuel. However, pulp mills have a surplus of energy, which provides them the opportunity to extract lignin and use it as a new source of special chemicals as well as fuel. In this work, the three kinds of various lignin were investigated in terms of structural properties and then, the relationship between structural properties of lignin and bio-oil productivity through hydrothermal liquefaction was evaluated. The chemical composition, structure, molecular weight, and thermal properties of lignin samples were analyzed using NMR, FTIR, GC/MS, EA and TGA. The hydrothermal liquefaction process was conducted at 350 ℃ for 30 min to produce bio-oil. The high potential of lignin and bio-oil as aromatic sources in the chemical industry will be explained, and these studies can reveal the value of lignin.

Long-term Outcomes and Factors Affecting the Survival of Patients with Mucosal Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma

( Ga Hee Kim ),( Hee Kyong Na ),( Ji Yong Ahn ),( Jeong Hoon Lee ),( Kee Wook Jung ),( Do Hoon Kim ),( Hyeong Ryul Kim ),( Kee Don Choi ),( Ho June Song ),( Yong-hee Kim ),( Gin Hyug Lee ),( Hwoon-yon 대한소화기학회 2021 Gut and Liver Vol.15 No.5

Background/Aims: Data regarding the prognosis of early esophageal cancer are lacking. This study investigated the long-term outcomes and factors affecting the survival of patients with mucosal esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (T1aESCC). Methods: We analyzed the clinical and tumor-specific parameters of 263 patients who received surgical resection (SR; n=63) or endoscopic resection (ER; n=200) for T1aESCC. Underlying comorbidities were scored using the Charlson comorbidity index (CCI). Overall survival (OS) was the primary outcome, and multivariate regression analysis was performed to predict factors for OS. Results: Of the study patients (age, 64.5±8.0 years), the CCI was 1.0±1.4 in the ER group and 0.6±0.9 in the SR group (p=0.107). The 5-year OS rate during follow-up (54.4±20.4 months) was 85.7% (ER group, 86.8%; SR group, 82.4%; p=0.631). The cumulative 5-year incidence of esophageal cancer recurrence was 10.5% in the ER group (vs 0% in the SR group). The overall mortality rate was 12.9% (ER group, 12.0%; SR group, 15.9%; p=0.399). The most common cause of mortality was second primary cancers in the ER group (75%) and organ dysfunction or postoperative complications in the SR group (70%). According to multivariate analysis, only CCI was significantly associated with OS (p< 0.001). The 5-year OS rate in patients with a CCI >2 and in those with a CCI ≤2 was 60.2% and 88.2%, respectively (p<0.001). The treatment method (ER vs SR) was not a significant affecting factor (p=0.238). Conclusions: The long-term prognosis of patients with T1aESCC was significantly associated with underlying comorbidities. (Gut Liver 2021;15:705-712)

High-performance Ce-substituted Nd-Fe-B hot-deformed magnets produced by dual alloy method

Ga-Yeong Kim,Tae-Hoon Kim,Hee-Ryoung Cha,Yang-Do Kim,Jung-Goo Lee 한국자기학회 2021 한국자기학회 학술연구발표회 논문개요집 Vol.31 No.2

Nd-Fe-B magnets have been used for the traction motor of hybrid or electric vehicles due to its excellent magnetic properties. With increasing demand on Nd-Fe-B magnets, the shortage of Nd resource is becoming more serious. Ce and La is the most abundant rare earth elements and constitute more than 70% of the total rare earth element, and the price of Ce is about 10 times lower than Nd. Hence, from both industrial and academic viewpoints, it is a technologically important to develop high-performance Ce or La substituted Nd-Fe-B magnets. However, the magnetic properties of Nd-Fe-B magnets could be drastically deteriorated after replacing Nd with Ce and La due to inferior intrinsic magnetic properties of Ce₂Fe14B (4πMs = 11.7 kG, Ha = 26 kOe) and La₂Fe14B (4πMs = 13.8 kG, Ha = 20 kOe) compared to Nd₂Fe14B (4πMs = 16 kG, Ha = 73 kOe). Despite of the inferior intrinsic magnetic properties of Ce₂Fe14B and La₂Fe14B to Nd₂Fe14B, it is reported that deterioration of magnetic properties due to Ce and La substitution could be largely suppressed by constructing a multi-main-phase (MMP) structure in Nd-Fe-B sintered magnets. RE elements are inhomogeneously distributed within a 2:14:1 grains when sintering a mixture of Ce, La-free and Ce, La-containing RE₂Fe14B powders. Compared to single-main-phase (SMP) magnets, where Ce and La is homogeneously substituted Nd in the 2:14:1 phase, MMP magnets show much better magnetic performance. In this study, effect of dual-phase of Nd-Ce-Fe-B hot-deformed magnets using melt-spun powder was investigated. Initial ribbons with the nominal compositions of Nd13.6FebalB5.6Ga0.6Co6.6 and (Nd0.6Ce0.4)13.6FebalB5.6Ga0.6Co6.6 were prepared by a single-roller melt-spinning technique and then pulverized into powders. By tuning the mass ratios of the Ce-free and Ce-containing powder, Ce-containing magnets with 0-30 wt.% (named as ND, CE0.2 and CE0.3, respectively) Ce content were prepared by dual alloy method. The melt-spun powders were then hot-pressed and subsequently die-upsetted. In our previous study, the remanence and coercivity gradually decreased with increasing Ce content. This dependence of magnetic properties on Ce content could be ascribed to the magnetic dilution effect that Ce substitution for Nd in the 2:14:1 phase decreased the intrinsic magnetic properties. However, dual-phase hot-deformed magnets shows higher magnetic properties than single-phase hot-deformed magnets at the same composition. From SEM observation, it was confirmed that the Ce-free and Ce-containing area is quite different, the crystallographic alignment of Ce-containing area is inferior to that of Ce-free area. After annealing at 973 K, the composition of the flake interface changes due to interdiffusion during the annealing process. In sintered magnet, it has been reported that the peculiar chemical heterogeneity of dual-phase magnet is that the short-range exchange coupling and long-range magnetostatic interaction can induce higher remanence and coercivity simultaneously than those of single-phase magnets with the same composition. In this study as well, it is thought that the coercivity and remanence were improved due to the interdiffusion of elements between the flake interface by annealing. Compared to the Nd-Fe-B magnet (4πMr = 13.1 kG, Hc = 17.3 kOe), with CE0.3, Hc decreases drastically to 15.6 kOe, accompanied with significant falls in 4πMr to 11.5 kG. In contrast, for the dual-phase magnet with CE0.3, Hc reaches 16.74 kOe and 4πMr is 12.1kG, which are 7.3% and 9.2% higher than those of single-phase magnet, respectively. Based upon these results, effect of interdiffusion conditions of ma