퇴직연금에서의 위험자산 선택요인 분석: 사업장 특성을 중심으로

최수정 한국금융정보학회 2023 금융정보연구 Vol.12 No.2

This study aims to examine whether the decisions of employers to invest in risky assets are related to workplace characteristics such as the number of employees, types of industries, and retirement pension types. The study utilizes individual-level data from Individual Retirement Pension Plan (IRP), Defined Contribution Plan (DC), and firm IRP accounts that are self-managed by employers in the workplace. However, individual DB balance cannot be identified because Defined Benefit Plan (DB) accounts are managed by the firm in aggregate. The data was obtained from the Korean Statistical Information Service (KOSIS) for the period 2015 to 2020 through the authorized Microdata Integrated Service (MDIS). Previous literature has documented a peer effect in investing in risky assets, which appears strongly among investors who earn relatively higher disposable incomes and among males. The study finds that employers who work in large-sized and well-compensated firms are more likely to invest in risky assets, particularly male employers who are older, have longer work period, and work in industries requiring a high level of financial literacy. This result indirectly supports the peer effect in choosing risky assets in their retirement pension plan for employers. Interestingly, the study also finds that DB holders are less likely to invest in risky assets through their IRP accounts than DC or firm IRP holders. However, once they start investing in risky assets, the proportion of risky assets relative to the total balance is higher than others. Overall, this study provides comprehensive insights into the determinants of investing in risky assets by employers, utilizing individual-level data and workplace information. 본 연구는 통계청에서 제공하는 승인형 퇴직연금 마이크로데이터(MDIS)를 분석하여 직장정보가 존재하는 개인 IRP 계좌 보유자를 대상으로 사업장 특성이 근로자들의 위험자산 선택과 관련이 있는지 살펴보았다. DB 적립금의 경우 가입자별 계좌 금액이 별도로 보고되지 않지만, DC, 기업형 IRP, 개인 IRP는 가입자별 계좌 잔액이 보고되어 개인 IRP 계좌 잔액만 분석한 최수정(2022)보다 좀 더 폭넓게 개인별 위험자산 투자현황 및 위험자산 선호 여부를 확인할 수 있었다. 본 연구에서 위험자산 금액은 계좌 총 잔액에서 원리금보장형 상품 잔액과 계좌 내 대기성자금을 제외한 원리금비보장(실적배당)형 상품 잔액으로 정의하였다. 개인의 위험자산 선택 여부는 동료의 위험자산 선택 여부에 크게 좌우되며, 이러한 동료효과(peer effect)는 성별 및 연령 요인과 함께 개인이 위험자산을 선택하는 주요한 요인일 수 있으므로 사업장 특성 분석을 통해 위험자산 선택에 있어서 동료효과의 존재를 간접적으로 검토하고자 했다. 기존 연구에 따르면, 가처분소득이 높은 남성들에게 동료효과가 강하게 나타나는데, 본 연구에서도 기업의 규모가 크고 평균소득이 높은 산업군에서 위험자산을 선택하는 경우가 많았고 보유금액도 높게 나타났다. 즉, 근속기간이 길수록, 근로자 연령이 높을수록, 사업장 규모가 클수록, 여성보다는 남성 근로자가 더 위험자산을 선택 및 많이 보유하였으며, 다른 퇴직연금 가입자들에 비해서 DB 가입자들의 경우 평균적으로 개인 IRP 계좌에서 위험자산에 투자하지 않거나 적게 보유했지만, 일단 위험자산을 1원 이상 보유한 경우 위험자산에 더 많이 투자하는 경향이 존재했다.

피담보채권의 양도와 저당권이전

최수정 한국민사법학회 2010 民事法學 Vol.48 No.-

Die Hypothek ist als akzessorisches Sicherungsrecht mit der Forderung verknüpft. Der Zedent kann nur die Forderung abtreten, aber in der Regel bewirkt jede Art des Forderungsüberganges den Übergang der Hypothek auf den Erwerber der Forderung. Die Übertragung der Hypothek vollzieht sich nach sachenrechtlichen Regeln, also sie wird durch Einigung und Eintragung in das Grundbuch erst auf neuen Gläubiger übertragen. Obgleich die Abtretungserklärung regelmäßig die konkludente Einwilligung in Verfügungen des Zessionars enthält, ohne die Eintragung der Hypothek kann der Zessionar noch nicht die Hypothek erwerben. Währenddes sind die Wirkung der Hypothek und die rechtliche Stellungen der Parteien nicht eindeutig bzw. im Wege der Zwangsvollstreckung. Zu regeln diese Rechtsverhältnisse vernünftigerweise bedarf es der gesetzgeberischen Änderung des KBGB. 1. Die Übertragung der Forderung, für die eine Hypothek errichtet ist, bedarf zu ihrer Gültigkeit keiner Eintragung in das Grundbuch : der Zessionar kann durch den Abtretungsvertrag nicht nur die Forderung sondern auch die Hypothek gleichzeitig ohne die Eintragung erwerben. Der Sinn dieses Vorschlages ist, Haupt- und Nebenrecht zusammenzuhalten, zumal das isolierte Nebenrecht in der Hand des Zedenten idR wertlos wären. 2. Wenn die Hypothek eingetragen ist, hat der Zessionar als Gläubiger der Hypothek Vorrang vor dem Dritten, an den der bisherige Gläubiger die abgetretene Forderung nochmals abgetreten hat. Aber Anzeige gegenüber dem Schuldner oder Zustimmung des Schuldner is erforderlich, von dem Zessionar seine Forderung gegenüber ihm geltend zu machen.

Fluorescence Detection of Microcapsule-Type Self-Healing, Based on Aggregation-Induced Emission

최수정,송영규,박종승,박영일 한국공업화학회 2022 한국공업화학회 연구논문 초록집 Vol.2022 No.-

A Lingua Franca Model as a Potential English Education Framework in Korea: College Students Respond

최수정 한국응용언어학회 2011 응용 언어학 Vol.27 No.4

The present study explores Korean college students’ understanding of and attitudes towards different English teaching models as proposed by Kirkpatrick (2006). The models were a native speaker model, a nativized model, and a lingua franca model. Incorporating a qualitative study (Bogdan & Biklen, 1998), I collected data through students’ one-time reflection papers and conducted a qualitative analysis of the data. The findings show that slightly more than half of the students considered the native speaker model to be the most appropriate English education framework in Korea due to its historical dominance and because the current Korean sociocultural milieu values Inner Circle Englishes and native speaker standards exclusively. Despite the preference of a relatively large number of students for the native speaker model, the lingua franca model was also positively perceived. The students who thought highly of the lingua franca model believed that the model may bring to an end to the negativity associated with the current English learning atmosphere in Korea. The present study highlights the need to expand the horizons of the Korean English education paradigm and to make the construct of English as a lingua franca and the lingua franca model available in the discourse of English education in Korea.

핀테크를 중심으로 스마트관광생태계의 공유가치창출 방안 모색 : 모바일 간편결제와 인터넷 전문은행을 중심으로

최수정,구철모 한국기업경영학회 2018 기업경영연구 Vol.25 No.3

핀테크 산업은 관련 정책과 기술이 끊임없이 변화중이어서 핀테크의 정의와 범위를 한정하는 것은 여전히 어려운 문제이다. 예를 들어 크라우드 펀딩, 로보어드바이저, 인터텟 전문은행과 같은 새로운 핀테크 서비스가 계속적으로 출현하고 있다. 이러한 상황에서 이 연구는 핀테크를 중심으로 구축된 스마트관광생태계에서 공유가치창출 과정을 설명하는 개념적 모델을 제시하고자 한다. 이를 위해 이 연구는 첫째, 핀테크의 정의와 서비스 유형을 분류하고 각 유형을 대표하는 주요 사례를 분석한다. 둘째, 핀테크 산업을 주도하는 모바일 간편결제서비스와 최근에 등장한 인터넷 전문은행의 대표사례들을 분석한다. 마지막으로, 핀테크를 중심으로 진행되는 스마트관광생태계 구축사례를 분석한다. 종합적으로 이 연구는 핀테크 중심의 스마트관광생태계에서 공유가치를 창출하는 과정과 실제 관련사례 검토를 통해 모델의 타당성을 높였다는 점에서 중요하다. Due to changes in policies and regulatory environments as well as technological advances in the Fintech industry, it is difficult to limit its definition and scopes. Continually, new services relevant to Fintech emerges such as Crowd Funding, Robo-advisors for asset management, and Internet-only Banks. Under these circumstances, this study proposes a conceptual model that explains how the smart tourism ecosystem built on Fintech contributes to creating shared value. To this end, this study attempts to categorize Fintech services into several areas and further identifies key cases leading each area. Moreover, this study examines representative cases of mobile payment services as the most pervasive area and Internet-only Banks as an emerging one, in the Fintech industry. Finally, this study investigates some real-world cases that smart tourism ecosystems are building based on Fintech. The main results are as follows. First, Fintech services are classified into four areas such as payment systems, insurance, the financial platform (i.e., fund brokerage), investment and asset management, and Internet-only banks. Payment systems can be further divided into three sub-areas such as convenient payment, mobile transfer, and electronic money. Second, of payment areas, mobile convenient payment dominates the Fintech industry whereas the other areas need to be further developed in Korea. Third, the Internet-only Bank area is just in its beginning stages. Fourth, in the tourism industry, there are many initiates to apply Fintech for maximizing overall customer experience. Finally, this study proposes a conceptual model that shows a process of creating shared value in the tourism industry through the smart tourism ecosystem built on Fintech. Further discussion and implications of the findings are provided.

임대차보증금반환채권을 담보하기 위한 전세권의 효력과 효과 - 대법원 2021. 12. 30. 선고 2018다268538 판결에 대한 비판적 검토를 통하여

최수정 한국민사법학회 2022 民事法學 Vol.99 No.-

The chonsegwon is often used for securing the deposit money from the lease contract. But the Supreme Court has ruled the validity of the chonsegwon inconsistently. The chonsegwon was dealt void as a sham transaction, but sometimes valid according to the parties’ intention. However the Supreme Court decision 2018Da268538 decided December 30, 2021 hold that this kind of chonsegwon is valid, but within the scope of different effects between chonsegwon and lease the chonsegwon contract is void as a sham. And it decided that if the mortgagee upon the chonsegwon was aware of the fact that the chonsegwon was settled for securing the lease deposit, the lessor can claim the deduction of overdue rent on the ground that the invalidity can be set up against a third party in bad faith(Civil Act Article 108 (2)). But the Court’s reasoning is contradictory and the result is unjust. The chonsegwon for securing the lease deposit is valid as the parties intended, and the mortgage upon the chonsegwon is also valid. So the lessor can not contest the mortgagee with the deduction of monetary obligations arising from the lease contract when the mortgagee exercises his right after expiration of chonsegwon period. Instead the lessor can sett off when he has claims against the lessee at the moment of establishing the mortgage (not the seizure of claim) and the maturity date of the claims arrives before or at the same time as the expiration of chonsegwon period. This analysis can appropriately adjust the nature of mortgage as a security right and the lessor's reasonable expectations for set-off. 종래 판결들은 임대차보증금반환채권의 담보를 위한 전세권에 저당권이 설정된 사안에서 그 효력 및 효과에 대하여 서로 다른 설시를 하였고, 이에 대한 학설도 대립하였다. 이러한 상황에서 대상판결은 한편으로 임대차보증금반환채권의 담보를 위한 전세권도 전세권자의 사용, 수익을 완전히 배제하는 것이 아닌 한 유효하다고 하면서도, 다른 한편으로 임대차계약과 양립할 수 없는 범위에서 전세권설정계약이 통정허위표시로서 무효이기 때문에 악의의 전세권저당권자에게 대항할 수 있고, 따라서 전세권저당권자의 물상대위에 있어서 임대차계약에 따른 연체차임 등의 공제를 주장할 수 있다고 한다. 그러나 이러한 근거의 전개는 모순되거나 논리적으로 연결되기 어렵다. 임대차보증금반환채권의 담보라고 하는 경제적 유인과 별개로 전세권설정에 대한 당사자의 진의가 인정되는 한 전세권은 유효하며, 이를 목적으로 하는 저당권도 유효하다. 그러므로 임대인은 전세권저당권자에 대하여 임대차의 효과를 주장할 수 없다고 해야 하며, 이는 전세권저당권자의 주관적 요건과 무관하다. 임대인과 임차인 사이에서는 임대차와 전세 양자가 병존하며 당사자의 의사에 따라 그 법률관계는 규율된다. 그리고 전세권이 유효한 만큼 전세권저당권자와의 관계에서는 전세권이 기준이 되어야 하며, 전세권저당권자의 전세금반환청구에 대하여 임대인은 전세금의 성질상 담보되는 채권 외에 연체차임의 공제와 같은 임대차관계를 주장할 수 없다. 이와 별개로 임대인이 임대차관계에서 발생한 채권 또는 임차인과의 그 밖의 법률관계에서 발생한 채권으로 상계할 수 있는지는 전세권저당권자의 담보물권자로서의 지위와 임대인의 상계에 대한 합리적인 기대를 적절히 조정할 수 있는 기준, 즉 저당권설정 시를 기준으로 반대채권의 발생 및 그 변제기의 선후를 따져 판단할 것이다.

만성불면증 환자에게 적용한 단기 인지행동중재의 효과

최수정,이영희,Choi, Su-Jung,Yi, Young-Hee 한국중환자간호학회 2008 중환자간호학회지 Vol.1 No.1

Purpose: This study was conducted to exam the effects of the Abbreviated Cognitive Behavioral Therapy(ACBT) on chronic insomnia. Methods: Study was one-group interrupted time series study that involved 13 adults(mean age=51.7, aged 25-77 years) with chronic primary insomnia who visited sleep disorder clinic of S Hospital from November 2004 to October 2005. The subjects received 2-session individual ACBT with 2 week-interval($1^{st}$: 1.5- 2hrs, $2^{nd}$: 20-30min). To measure the subjective insomnia severity and sleep patterns, 3 times of insomnia severity index and sleep logs were completed(before ACBT, after ACBT, and 3-month after ACBT). The main outcomes were subjective insomnia severity and sleep patterns(sleep onset latency, waking after sleep onset, and total sleep time, sleep efficiency). The data were analyzed with SPSS 10.0 version program by Friedman test, Wilcoxon signed rank test with Bonferroni correction. Results: There were statistically significant decrease in insomnia severity index, sleep onset latency, and waking after sleep onset, and increase total sleep time and sleep efficiency. Conclusion: ACBT was effective in reducing subjective insomnia severity and improving sleep patterns. Sleep improvement was better sustained over time with ACBT.

개정상법상 회사기회 유용금지 조항에 관한 소고 - 경제민주화 논의와 관련하여 -

최수정 한국경영법률학회 2013 經營法律 Vol.23 No.2

This paper reviews the provision of prohibiting usurpation of corporate opportunity of the revised Korean Commercial Code (hereinafter ‘KCC’). Recently there have been hot debates on democratic capitalism in Korea, which led to the many bills pending at the National Assembly in the name of democratic capitalism. Though controversies regarding the meaning of the democratic capitalism is still ongoing, the followings are generally understood as the core elements of it: prohibition of cross ownership, decentralization of economic power, separation of banks from commerce, restriction of unfair support practices by controlling shareholders or their family members.’To especially address the problem of unfair intercompany transaction- for example, the shinsegae family launched a bakery business which has an exclusive business with Shinsegae-, the revised KCC in 2011 introduced the misappropriation of corporate opportunities doctrine as a breach of duty of director or officer. Under Article 397-2 of the KCC, a director shall not usurp a business opportunity that may benefit the company now or in the future for his personal gain or to benefit a third party without the approval of the Board of Directors. However, a director may use such business opportunity for himself or for a third party where (i) the board of directors approves it by a two-thirds majority (ii) the company waives a business opportunity because it cannot financially afford to undertake it. To tackle this problem, the Monopoly Regulation and Fair Trade Law (hereinafter ‘MRFTL’) provides another regulatory tool. Article 23①(vii) of MRFTL prohibits the assisting practices of a specially related person or other corporations through providing excessive economic benefit by providing or transacting them with funds, assets, goods and human resources. Nevertheless, the meaning of the term “business opportunity itself is ambiguous, which will require the court to take careful approach on the corporate opportunity doctrine under the KCC. Even the current provision will still leave room for debate on how to effectively regulate the controlling shareholders or their family members usurping the corporate opportunities indirectly.

노인환자의 입원경험

최수정,김미영,김태희,이미현 노인간호학회 1999 노인간호학회지 Vol.1 No.2

The purpose of this study was determine to the meaning and the essence of hospitalization experiences of elderly patients, by means of Colaizzi's phenomenological method. The participants were 7 elderly people over the age of 65. They were selected using a theoretical sampling technique. Data were collected by in-depth and open ended interviews from Nov. I to Dec. 12, 1996. The length of the interviews was from 50 minutes to 90 minutes. Data were tape recorded and analyzed by a constant comparative method. From the data 175 significant statements were extracted, then were organized into 31 themes, resulting in 8 clusters of themes and 5 categories. Final descriptions were turned out to be valid through interviewee' validation process. Essential themes of hospitalization experiences emerged : "unexpected change in mind", "reflection of lives", "uneasy hospitalization hie", "building of new personal relationship", "bi-directional thoughts about the families". From these results, we found elderly patients wanted a comfortable, homey life in hospital, and the reflection of their past life meant to overcome given their situations. In conclusion, we suggest that nurses should provide more support and information to solve the problems experienced by older people. Thus we expect to provide understanding of the phenomena of the hospitalization experiences of elderly patients and give the basic data of holistic care for them.

日本의 새로운 信託法의 특질

최수정 민사판례연구회 2008 民事判例硏究 Vol.- No.30

The law of trusts is an offspring from a certain English legal creature known as equity. This means that the countries which have a civil law system like Korea and Japan should have a different kind of trust law. The Korean Trust code was established in 1961 modelling the Japanese Trust Code. The latter was revised in 2006 -passed as drafted on December 8 and promulgated on December 15- after long and active discussions. The Japanese experiences of getting to the amendment gives much profitable insight in better understanding ours. In this study the characteristics of the Japanese new Trust Code are investigated and compared to the old one. The Japanese new Trust Code aimed to improve regulations regarding the trust fund, trustee's duties, the beneficiary's rights and the settlor's status in such a way to meet the realistic needs and provided new institutions. This legislative intent sheds light in translating and applying our code. But the details of regulations or institutions and the legislative technique give rise still discussions. Although the Japanese new trust code seems to be far from completion, this can be a starting line for further discussions and refinements and gives good lessons to us. 우리 신탁법이 1961년 제정, 시행된 이래 내용상의 변화가 없었던 것과 마찬가지로, 일본의 신탁법도 1922년에 제정된 이래 실질적인 개정 없이 80년 이상 유지되었다. 하지만 일본에서는 2006년 12월, 사회경제정세의 변화에 비추어 신탁법제에 있어 수탁자의 의무나 수익자의 권리와 같은 제규정을 정비하고 새로운 제도를 도입함을 목적으로 하는 신탁법이 마련되었다. 새로운 신탁법은 다양한 목적에 활용가능한 유연한 신탁제도를 만들기 위해 신탁이 갖는 제도적 효용을 극대화할 수 있는 장치들을 마련하고자 하였다. 이를 위해 개개의 규율들을 구체화, 상세화하고, 종래 해석상의 논의들을 반영하여 관련 규정을 정비하고, 새로운 제도와 유형을 도입하면서 그 기준을 자세히 정하였다. 동시에 많은 규정들을 임의규정화함으로써 신탁당사자들의 의사를 일차적인 기준으로 삼았다. 본고는 새로운 신탁법이 지향하는 바가 개개의 규정에서 어떻게 반영되고 있는지, 따라서 현행 신탁법과 대비되는 새로운 신탁법의 특질은 무엇인지를 신탁재산, 수탁자, 수익자, 위탁자 그리고 새로 도입된 신탁제도들을 중심으로 확인하였다. 우리 신탁법이 영미의 신탁제도를 그대로 받아들인 것이 아니라 이를 대륙법체계에 맞춰 독특하게 변형, 재구성한 일본의 신탁법에 기초하고 있는 만큼, 일본에서의 개정과정과 논의들을 비판적으로 검토하는 작업은 우리법의 해석과 운용, 그리고 앞으로의 입법을 위해서도 충분히 의미가 있을 것이다.